DE2056923A1 - Process for making nonwoven webs - Google Patents

Description

DR. E. WIEGAND DIPL-ING. W .. NOBODY N? f) R R Q? "3

DR. M. KÖHLER DIPL-ING. C. GERNHARDT / U D Ό a ^ J

MÖNCHEN HAMBURG

TELEPHONE: 555 476 8000 MD N CH EN 15,

TELEGRAMS: KARPATENT NUSSBAUMSTRASSE 10

November 19, 1970

V. 40195/70 -

Euraray Co., Ltd. Kurashiki City (Japan)

Process for making non-woven webs

The invention is concerned with a wet process for making nonwoven webs, wherein organic synthetic fibers with poor dispersibility in water easily dispersed into single fibers be, so that non-woven, webfönnige Products are obtained from good training.

Production of non-woven cloths, papers and the like of organic synthetic fibers as a dispersion in water using conventional paper machines is known and is carried out on an industrial scale.

Cellulose fiber such as rayon, acetate rayon and polyvinyl alcohol fibers and the like, are considerably hydrophilic and show fairly good dispersibility in water, though not entirely satisfactory. There-

109826/1505

polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polypropylene fibers and the like are practically hydrophobic or water-repellent and they form flakes in the water or float on the surface with the inclusion of air bubbles. Since the organic synthetic fibers cannot be separated into individual fibers in water, the measurement error when feeding the starting suspension to the head box becomes large. This is also the main reason for the poor construction of the nonwoven webs, which drastically reduce the technical value of the product. The reasons for the poor dispersibility of the fibers are presumably in
the cohesive force of the high polymers that make up the fibers and the tangling or twisting of the fibers caused when they come into contact with one another.
Therefore, there are the following proposals as measures for improving the dispersibility of the fibers in water: (1) limitation of the fiber length; (2) reducing the fiber concentration of the suspension; (3) increasing the viscosity of the suspension to reduce the opportunity for mutual contact among the fibers and to reduce the tendency for the fibers to become entangled; (4) overcoming the cohesive force between the fibers
Turbulence of the suspension and (5) the use of surfactants to improve and reduce the affinity between the fibers and the water
the tendency to cohesion between the fibers.

Such measures as limiting the fiber length or reducing the fiber concentration influence
unfavorably the physical properties
of railway products, such as tensile strength, tear strength
and the like, and are disadvantageous in terms of operational efficiency.

109026/1505

The use of gelatinous materials or surfactants is a measure of promotion the dispersion of organic synthetic fibers known. As a gelatinous material, Hibiscus Maminot, Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, polyethylene oxide and potassium polymetaphosphate are known. These Gelatinous materials are mainly used to control drainage. For sufficient disperson of the fibers in water, these must be used in excessively large quantities, which in turn leads to results in an extreme increase in viscosity and poor drainage. As a result, the production speed decreases considerably.

As an attempt to disperse the fibers by surface-active agents, see ΪΑΡΡΙ Volume 42, 1? 6A (1959) described that higher alkyl glyoxalidines are effective for dispersing polyacrylic fibers in water.

British patent specification 847 617 also describes it a process for the preparation of an aqueous suspension of fibers by coating the fibers with nonionic wetting agents, for example condensation products from ethylene oxide with a long-chain fatty alcohol or gelatinous reaction products a water-soluble salt of a long-chain aliphatic sulfate and a water-soluble salt a long-chain, quaternary ammonium compound.

However, the effect of these surfactants or gelatinous reaction products is alone insufficient to disperse the organic synthetic fibers into single fibers. Despite the ongoing investigations after further suitable surface-active agents, no chemicals have so far been found which the organic synthetic fibers into single fibers

109826/1505

disintegrate. Therefore, in practice, they become surface-active Means hardly used in the production of non-woven webs by the wet process «

There have now been extensive studies and experiments in various directions with regard to one A method of making nonwoven webs with good design and high efficiency Improvement of the dispersibility of organic synthetic fibers in water undertaken to the present Invention led.

It was found that the application of specific surfactants, the following are described in detail at the time of dispersing the organic synthetic fibers in water gives very favorable results and that doing nonwoven webs with excellent training, for example uniform fiber distribution, can be obtained at high production speeds.

According to the invention, the method of making nonwoven webs consists of organic synthetic Fibers in that cut fibers made from organic synthetic fibers are dispersed in water and the suspension of the fibers obtained is passed onto a wire mesh to drain off the water, so that the non-woven webs are formed from these fibers, the characteristic feature being that that the suspension of these cut fibers from organic synthetic fibers has at least one substance from the following group.

109826/1 505

(1) compounds of formula

(CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _x H.

where η is an integer from 14 to 18 and χ and y denote the number zero or an integer not greater than 7, where x + y is an integer from 2 to 7;

(2) Salts of the above compounds (1) with inorganic or organic acids and

(3) compounds of formula

f
^S 2

where η is an integer from 14 to 18 and each remainder E _x . and E ₂ ^e ^ ⁿ hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical with up to 3 carbon atoms,

in an amount of at least 0.2% by weight the fiber.

The compounds listed above under (1), (2) and (3) which can be used in the context of the invention are even known surface active agents, however, show a better effectiveness than the other known surface active agents Means for improving the dispersibility of cut fibers made of organic synthetic Fibers in water.

The high effectiveness of these compounds is demonstrated by the following examples.

The effectiveness of the various compounds on

109826/1505

2 Π 5 P! 9 2

the dispersibility of polyethylene terephthalate fibers (Size: 1.5 denier, fiber length: 5 ™ Ü was examined and obtained the following results. The concentration of the specified fibers in the aqueous Suspension was 0.1% by weight and the content of each compound in the suspension was 0.3% based on the weight of the fiber.

link

Polyethylene oxide (molecular weight: 2,600,000) POE (10) lauryl ether POE (10) stearyl ether

POE (3) stearyl sulfate sodium salt

POE (3) stearyl phosphate sodium salt

POE (10) oleyl ether

Amine-220 (higher alkylglyoxalidine of carbides & Carbon Chemicals Co.)

(I) POE (2) stearylamine

(II) Acetate salt of POE (2) stearylamine

(III) dimethyl stearyl amine acetate

Dispersibility of the fibers in water

Bad, fiber floats, bubbles in the spaces between the fibers locked in

likewise likewise likewise

likewise likewise

insufficient, poor homogeneity

as well

good, uniformly dispersed as well

In the above compounds, POE (n) means the addition of η mol of ethylene oxide.

From the above results, it is clear that the compounds (I), (II) and (III) are extremely

109826/15

effective in improving the dispersibility of Polyethylene terephthalate fibers are and the other surface-active Means show no effect of this kind.

As already indicated, the compounds for achieving the object of the invention can be represented by the following general formulas:

^X (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) H

(II) Salts of the compounds (I) with inorganic or organic acids and

(III) C _n H _{2n + 1} -N ⁺ -CH ₂ COO "(n = 1W18, R ₁ and E ₂ are H ₁

^ CH ₅ , C ₂

CH ₅ , C ₂ H ₅ or

Specific examples of the compounds (I) include POE (2) -stearylamine, POE (3) -stearylamine, POE (4) -stearylamine, POE (5) -stearylamine, POE (6) -stearylamine, POE (7) -stearylamine, POE (2) -cetylamine, POE (3) -cetylamine, POE (4) -cetylamine, POE (5) -cetylamine, POE (6) -cetylamine, POE (7) -cetylamine, POE (2) -myristylamine, POE (3) -myristylamine, POE (4) -myristylamine, POE (5) -myristylamine, POE (6) -myristylamine _i POE (7) -myristylamine.

The compounds of group (II) are the organic or inorganic acid salts of the compounds (I), obtained by dissolving the compounds (I) in aqueous solutions of inorganic or organic acids will. Examples of organic acids are acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, propionic acid, valeric acid, Butyric acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, apple

109826/15 05

acid, malonic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, glyceric acid, Glutaric acid and chloroacetic acid and the like. Listed. Furthermore, there are also substances that easily do the above Acids result on reaction with water, such as acetyl chloride, includes. As examples of inorganic acids sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are listed. The appropriate amount of the organic or inorganic Acid is at least 0.01 g-equivalent per mole of the compound (I), preferably 0.05 to 300 g-equivalents.

The compounds (III) include stearylamine acetate, methylstearylamine acetate, ethylstearylamine acetate, propylstearylamine acetate, Dimethylstearylamine acetate, diethylstearylamine acetate, dipropylstearylamine acetate, methyl-ethylstearylamine acetate, Methylpropylstearylamine acetate, ethylpropylstearylamine acetate, cetylamine acetate, methylcetylamine acetate, Dimethylcetylamine acetate, diethylcetylamine acetate, dipropylcetylamine acetate, ethylcetylamine acetate, Propylcetylamine acetate, methylethylcetylamine acetate, methylpropylcetylamine acetate, ethylpropylcetylamine acetate, Myristylamine acetate, methyl myristylamine acetate, ethyl myristylamine acetate, propyl myristylamine acetate, Dimethyl myristylamine acetate, diethyl myristylamine acetate, Dipropylmyristylaminaeetat, Methyläthylmyristylaminacetat, Methyl propyl myristylamine acetate, ethyl propyl myristylamine acetate.

It is especially important that the carbon number of the long-chain alkyl radical in the above formulas the specific surface-active agent used according to the invention is in the range from Ή to 18. For example show ethylene oxide adducts of laurylamine, in which the long-chain alkyl radical has 12 carbon atoms, not the excellent dispersion effect of the

1 Q 9 8 2 6 / Ί b 0 5

Fibers in water compared to the compounds of the introductory formula (I).

It is also important that surfactants within the scope of the invention have only one amino nitrogen atom or have quaternary ammonium nitrogen. For example, polyoxyethylene stearic acid amide or Polyoxyäthylenstearyl-propylenediamine show practically inactive to improve the dispersibility of organic synthetic fibers in water and when these are used in place of the connections in the context of the invention, non-woven fabrics are used Trained pathways of poor training.

As organic synthetic fibers, in the context of the invention, in addition to those made of relatively hydrophilic, high molecular weight polymers such as Eayon and polyvinyl alcohol fibers are composed of fibers made of hydrophobic, organic synthetic, high molecular weight polymers into consideration, such as polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride.

"Polyvinyl alcohol fibers" are understood to mean those made from polyvinyl alcohol by complete or partial saponification of polyvinyl acetate, the fibers then being heat-treated or be heat treated and formalized. "Eayon fibers" are obtained from cellulose pulp by the viscose process. "Polyester fibers" are made from an acid component, such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, Oxybenzoic acid, adipic acid and sebacic acid and a glycol component such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, Neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol and the like, obtained by polycondensation or (^ polycondensation. "Polyamide fibers" are made up of polyamides, such as nylon-6,6 Nylon-6, nylon-12 and the like, aromatic polyamide fibers,

109826/1505

-ίο- 2 0 5 R 9 2 3

those made from paraxylylenediamine and adipic acid, terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid, or copolyamide fibers obtained by copolycondensation of the above listed ingredients were obtained. "Polypropylene fibers" are polypropylene-containing fibers made from Polypropylene or copolymers are built up by copolymerization of propylene with ethylene, vinyl chloride, Vinylidene chloride and the like.

The cut fiber. this organic synthetic

"Fibers can have the desired fiber length and denier exhibit. For the purposes of the invention a fiber length up to 40 mm, normally 2 to 40 mm, in particular 3 to 25 now preferred.

The present method makes it possible to use nonwoven webs of good construction ordinary paper machines even with cut fibers with a length of 15 to 25 mm due to the Use the specified surfactants to prepare. Even if the fiber length is relatively short, e.g. 3 to 5 now, will be non-woven webs of good training with higher production speed

) Preserve. Usually this is the usual denier range of the fibers 0.7 to 10, with a value of 1 to 6 denier being particularly preferred.

The organic synthetic fibers listed above can be used either singly or in combination of two or more kinds. They can also be used in combination with natural fibers. The organic synthetic fibers can also contain up to 50% natural fibers such as wool pulp, Manila hemp, cotton linter, paper mash, Edgeworthia papyrifera and the like. It is possible to use 3 to 30 % binder fibers at the same time to adhere the formed, non-woven fabrics

109826/1 505

I H JHI 1 Γ

Use lanes. As binder fibers can be used in hot Water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers, low-melting polyester fibers, for example polyethylene terephthalate / isophthalate fibers and the like., can be used.

According to the invention, the organic synthetic fibers are dispersed in water in a manner known per se. The suspension can with known devices, such as disintegrators, pulpers, Holländer, Eefinern and Like., are produced. The fiber concentration in the suspension of the organic synthetic fibers is preferably 0.5 to 6%, in particular 0.5 to 3%.

The suspension is fed into a container, box and the like for storage, by means of a measuring pump or a mixing box measured, diluted to a fiber concentration of 0.01 to 0.5% and then from here to the Paper machine of known type transported. According to the invention, the fiber concentration of the Wire mesh guided suspension can be far higher than normal practice. In the production of non-woven (Giggling, whereby the cut fiber length is relatively large, the fiber concentration can be in the range of 0.01 to 0.2% by weight and in the manufacture of paper substitutes, the cut fiber being relatively short, it can be in the range from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight.

The term "non-woven web" refers here to a web-shaped material which is used on ordinary paper machines and that includes ordinary paper substitutes and products that are soft, nonwoven Tracks are similar, which are formed, for example, with a random webber became.

An important feature of the invention is the presence of at least 0.2 % of the specified, surface

109026/1805

active agents in suspension on a weight basis of the fibers, before the manufacture of the non-woven web, by placing the suspension on a wire mesh for peeling off of the water. The presence of the specified surfactants in the suspension allows a uniform dispersion of the organic synthetic fibers in water.

The surfactant can be added to the wire mesh at a desired stage of supplying the suspension

^ be added to the paper machine. Sometimes also will observed that when the suspension of organic synthetic fibers on the wire mesh of the paper machine is performed, the dispersed fibers show a tendency to re-aggregate. If, however, the invention When surfactants are added, this tendency to re-aggregate is effectively inhibited.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the surfactant is added to the suspension of the chopped fibers from the organic, synthetic ones Fibers are added or the synthetic fibers are mixed with the surfactant prior to dispersion covered. This creates a homogeneous dispersion of the

f fibers in water are obtained and the uniformly dispersed state can be maintained until the nonwoven webs are formed. The surface active agent achieves sufficient effects when it is used in an amount of 0.2% by weight based on the fiber used. If desired, this amount can be increased, but if the amount is greater than 20% by weight, a correspondingly improved result is not achieved. Therefore, the amount of the specific surfactant is favorably in the range of 0.2 to 20% by weight based on fiber, depending on factors such as the length of the

1 09826/1505

Chopped fibers and fiber concentration in the suspension selected.

As a means of determining the dispersibility of the fibers in water, the following two methods were used: (1) Each aqueous suspension of the fiber was made into a nonwoven sheet and the number of tufts (bundled pieces of fibers which were not dispersed) each .100 cm of the web was counted and (2) the number of fiber tufts per 200 ecm of the suspension at a fiber concentration of 0.15% was counted. Further details of the above method (1) are as follows: Fiber and surfactant (the above compounds (I), (II) or (III) were placed in a hollander and stirred for 5 minutes at a fiber concentration of 0.5% The resulting suspension was fed into a box and fed to a non-woven sheet with a cylinder paper machine under the conditions of a production rate of 3 m / min., a fiber concentration in the suspension just before it was fed onto the wire mesh of 0.15 % x> an amount of polyethylene oxide with a molecular weight of 2,600,000 of 0.005 % and a weight of the formed,

non-woven web of 30 g / m processed. The train

ο
was cut into 100 cm squares and the number of tufts of fibers per square was counted. The details of the method (2) are as follows: A TAPPI standard disintegrator was used to disperse the fibers and compounds (I), (II) and (III) at a fiber concentration of 0.15% and a rotating speed of the disintegrator of 1440 revolutions / minube were rested for 30 seconds. In each case 200 ecm of the slurry formed was broken into a bowl and the number of tufts of fibers in the bowl was counted.

109826/1505

2 Π ^Γ , R 9 2 3

Another important advantage of the invention is that the method enables the production of non-woven Very good training webs made of relatively long cut fibers of organic synthetic fibers, for example 10 to 40 mm, allowed without tangling the fibers.

Usually a web of satisfactory design cannot be used in a dispersing device, for example a Dutchman and the like, from organic syn-

W thetic fibers are made of such length, due to their involvement, if the specific surface active agents are missing in the context of the present process.

Women, however, in the absence of such a surfactant, the water and fibers show a Tendency to separate in the box, which leads to measurement errors and occasional tangling of the fibers around the stirring blades result. When such a heterogeneous suspension is made into a nonwoven web, will the formation of the web formed is extremely poor due to the entanglement or flocculation of the fibers.

| On the other hand, by using the connections

(I), (II) and (III) according to the invention effectively entangle long fibers during the dispersing stage, prevents the fibers from separating from the water in the box and from being wound onto the stirring blades. Also is the Dispersion of the fibers in the head box is excellent and a nonwoven web free from tufts and from excellent training can be obtained.

The action of the compounds (I), (II) or (III) according to the invention is demonstrated below as an example. 80 parts of 30% formalizing polyvinyl alcohol fibers of 3 denier thickness and JO mm length as long cut

109826/1505

* # F ■■ I III

2Π 56923

fibers and 20 parts of 1 denier polyvinyl alcohol fibers Strength and 3 now length, which are in water at 80 ° C Loosen as a binder were made into a non-woven spell using a cylinder paper machine. The dispersion was carried out in an ordinary hollander, with the fiber concentration in the hollander Was 0.5%. To the mixture in the Hollander were 3 wt.% POE (2) stearylamine, based on fiber weight, was added, followed by dispersion for 5 minutes. During operation no fiber entanglement was observed. The resulting suspension was placed in a box and stirred. There was no winding of the fibers on the shaft and a suspension of uniform distribution of the fibers was obtained. The formed nonwoven web exhibited very good training and weight

ρ
ten tufts of fibers at 100 cm.

When the POE (2) -stearylamine is replaced by a higher alkylglyoxalidine has been replaced under identical conditions except for the surfactant or in both cases, if no surfactant was used, an entanglement took place in the dutchman and in the box, the fibers wrapped themselves around the shaft. The obtained non-woven web was extremely bad education. The number of tufts per 100 cm of the nonwoven web was 124 when used of the higher alkyl glyoxalidine and 165 if not a surfactant Funds was used.

To make the nonwoven webs from the A conventional paper machine is used for the fiber suspension. That means, the fiber suspension is on the Water drain wire mesh led. If the machine does Pulling water through the wire mesh to form nonwoven webs of fibers is the nature of the machine

109826/15 05

in no way critical. For example, Fourdrinier machines, Cylinder machines or inclined wire paper machines can be used.

It is possible to use gelatinous substances, such as polyethylene oxide, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, potassium metaphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, karaya gum and the like, in a manner known per se to a concentration in the range from 1 10 "^ to 1 χ 10" - ⁷ %, based on the weight of the suspension to be added.

The non-woven web formed on the paper machine is placed in a hot air dryer or a drum dryer dried to obtain the non-woven sheet product.

The product can be strengthened with a binder solution be treated in a manner known per se, so that an adhesion is formed between the fibers will.

According to the invention, non-woven webs can be produced with good design, the fibers being uniformly dispersed and which are practically free from lumps of peat can be obtained. Show the nonwoven panels also excellent mechanical properties such as tensile strength, ice strength, impact strength, posture resistance and the like. These advantages are particular conspicuous in products obtained from long cut fibers of 10 mm or more.

The nonwoven webs made according to the invention are available as artificial paper, such as graphic Paper, corrugated paper, wrapping paper, mouth towels, roofing felt, insulating paper and the like, or as non-woven ones Cloths such as mouth cloths, surgical clothing, base material for artificial leather, cloths, ribbons, filters, Tampons and the like, valuable.

109826/1505

"■" ^{1111 | l! L} ■■ '■! "■ !!! ■ ¥!"'"" Ι ¹¹ "!" I! I '«« Ι «» i "l: IS» i ^v ■! ■ ■';! ■ '■ ■'"lil! Ll | IU! Ll iW '■

- ¹⁷ "205B923

The invention is explained further with reference to the following embodiment sb ei games.

example 1

80 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fibers with a thickness of 1 denier and 3 mm in length, which were formalized to 30% after the heat treatment, as the main fiber and 20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fibers with a thickness of 1 denier and 3 mm in length, which dissolve in water at 80 ° C , as a binder, were made into a nonwoven web on a cylinder paper machine. The suspension was carried out in an ordinary dutchman. A mixture of 0.5% by weight of the fibers and 1% by weight of POE (2) stearylamine, based on the fibers, was introduced into the hollander and then stirred for about 5 minutes. The 50 g / m 2 nonwoven sheet formed under the above conditions showed good formation and gave no tufts per 100 cm, which shows the uniform fiber division.

For comparison, the above experiment was repeated omitting the addition of POE (2) stearylamine. In the box, the fiber material showed a coward to swim on the surface of the suspension and in the arch the fibers were not completely broken up into individual fibers. The sheet product weighed J> 0 ^{g / m 2} and showed an uneven fiber distribution with 23 fiber tufts over 100 cm 2.

Example 2

As test pieces for the dispersibility tests were heat-treated polyvinyl alcohol fibers of 1 denier thickness and 3 mm in length and viscose aayon fibers 1.5 denier thickness and 3 mm length are used.

1098 2 67 1 505

-18- 2050923

The test pieces were each diluted in water to a concentration of 0.15% by weight and, for this purpose, 1% by weight POE (2) stearyl amine, based on fiber weight, added. Both mixtures were in a TAPPI standard disintegrator stirred and 200 ecm each of the suspensions obtained poured into a dish to observe the state of dispersion of the suspension. The tufts of fibers in the polyvinyl alcohol fiber suspension and the rayon suspension were 0 and 2, respectively, which is excellent State of dispersion proven. In comparative experiments, the same pasers were absent in the same way dispersed by POE (2) -stearylamine and observed 200 ecm of the suspensions in the dish. Both showed poor dispersion because of the tufts of fibers in suspension in the heat-treated polyvinyl alcohol fibers 146 and 76 for the common Bayon. When the suspensions containing the POE (2) -stearylamine become non-woven webs in the same manner as in Example 1 were processed, the products obtained showed a very favorable design.

Example 3

As test pieces for the dispersion tests 1.5 denier and polyethylene terephthalate fibers 5 mm in length, polypropylene fibers of 2 denier and 5 mm in length and nylon 6,6 fibers of 2 denier and 5 mm length used. In the same test as in Example 2, the number of tufts in was Suspension of polyethylene terephthalate fibers, polypropylene fibers and nylon 6,6 fibers each J5> 2 or O if the POE (2) stearylamine was used. if the Surfactant addition not applied

109826/1 505

the values were 84, 75 and 78 · Thus is the dispersibility of these fibers is considerably improved by the addition of the POE (2) stearylamine.

If the sample suspensions continue to be non-woven Sheets processed by the procedure of Example 1 yielded suspensions containing POE (2) stearylamine non-woven webs of excellent training.

Example 4-

A heat-treated and 30% formalized, strand-like polyvinyl alcohol fiber having a thickness of 1 denier was immersed in an aqueous solution of POE (2) stearylamine and then squeezed to absorb 0.5% by weight of the surfactant on the fiber. The strand was then dried in a hot air dryer and cut into 3 mm long fibers. The cut fibers were diluted in water to a concentration of 0.15 % and dispersed in a TAPPI standard disintegrator. 200 cc of the suspension obtained was placed in a dish and the state of dispersion was observed. The number of tufts was 2, indicating a very favorable state of dispersion.

When the suspension was made into a nonwoven web according to Example 1, it became a product received with excellent education.

Example 5

80 parts of a heat-treated and 30 % formalized polyvinyl alcohol fiber of 3 denier strength and

109 826/1505

20 mm in length and 20 parts of a polyvinyl alcohol fiber of 1 denier thickness and 3 mm in length, which dissolved in water at 80 ° C., as a binder, were made into a nonwoven web on a cylinder paper machine. The dispersion takes place in an ordinary dutchman. A mixture of 0.5% by weight of the fibers and 3% by weight of POE (2) stearylamine, based on the fibers, was introduced into the hollander and stirred for 5 minutes. There was no entanglement of the fibers. The suspension was placed in a w box and stirred, but the fibers did not wrap around the stirring blade and were uniformly dispersed. The subsequently produced nonwoven web showed excellent performance. The number

ρ
of tufts of fibers on 100 cm of the web was 2.

In a comparative experiment under identical conditions, but without the addition of POE (2) stearylamine in the Hollander, the fibers in the Hollander became entangled and could not be sufficiently dispersed. Even in the box, the fibers wrapped themselves around the paddle. The product hardly maintained and had the arch shape very bad education. The number of tufts of fibers

ρ
k per 100 cm for the product was 55

Examples 6-11

Heat-treated and 30% formalized polyvinyl alcohol fibers 1 denier thickness and 3 mm in length diluted in water to a concentration of 0.15% by weight and 1% by weight of the various compounds listed in Table I below, based on this on fiber weight, added. The mixtures were stirred in a standard TAPPI disintegrator. Respectively 200 ecm of the resulting suspension were in a

109826/1505

20589

Tray brought over and the state of dispersion observed; the results are given in the table below.

Table I.

Ver
search-
No. Surface active
middle number
d.Fiber
tufts 14- Dispersion
State Example 6 POE (5) stearylamine 4- Well Example 7 POE (7) stearylamine 10 pretty good Ver
equal to 1 POE (9) stearylamine 70 bad Example 8 Dimethyl stearylamine acetate 0 very good Example 9 Diethyl stearyl araine acetate 0 very good Ver
equal to 2 P0E (2) laurylamine 80 bad Ver
equal to 3 higher alkyl glyoxalidine 76 bad Example 10 Acetate salt of POE (2) -
stearylamine 0 very good Example 11 Hydrogen chloride salt of
POE (2) stearylamine 0 very good Examples 12 to

Heat- treated and 30% formalized polyvinyl alcohol fibers of 1 denier thickness and 3 mm in length were diluted in water to a concentration of 0.15% by weight and 0 to 0.4% by weight of POE (2) stearylamine, based on this onto the fiber, followed by stirring in a TAPPI standard disintegrator. 200 cc of the suspension obtained in each case was placed in a dish and the state of dispersion was observed, the results shown in Table II being obtained.

1 09826/1505

2 O 5 R 9 2 3

Table II

Ver amount of POE (2) - number of dispersion search stearylamine fiber tufts state No. (% on fiber)

Ex.
12th 0.4 0 very good Ex.
13th 0.3 3 Well Ex.
14th 0.2 10 pretty good Ver
equal to 4 0.1 38 bad Ver
equal to 5 0 142 bad Example 15

Heat-treated and 30 % formalized polyvinyl alcohol fibers of 3 denier thickness and 40 mm length were diluted in water to a concentration of 0.01% by weight and 10 to 30% by weight of POE (2) stearylamine, based on the fiber weight, were added. followed by stirring in a TAPPI standard disintegrator. 200 ecm of the suspension obtained in each case was placed in a dish and the state of dispersion was observed; the results are given in Table III.

109826/1505

Table III Dispersions
State Quantity of P0E (2) -
stearylamine
(% on fiber) number of
Tufts of fibers pretty good
Well
very good
very good
very good 10
20th
25th
30th 14th
3
O
0
O

The above values show that the addition of POE (2) -stearylamine in an amount of more than 20% by weight does not bring about any corresponding improvement in the state of dispersion. Thus, the use of 20 % or less of the surfactant based on fiber weight is quite sufficient for the purposes of the invention.

Examples 16-18

Heat-treated and 30% formalized strand blowers Polyvinyl alcohol fibers of 1 denier were poured into an aqueous Solution of POE (2) -stearylamine is immersed and then the excess of the solution is squeezed off until the uptake on the fiber was 0.1 to 0.4% by weight based on fiber weight. The fiber was then put in a hot air dryer dried and to a uniform length of 3 mm cut. The cut fibers were diluted with water to a concentration of 0.15% by weight in a TAPPI standard disintegrator stirred and put 200 ecm of the resulting suspension in a bowl and the dispersion feed

109826/150 5

stood watched. The results are given in Table IV.

Table IV

Experimental
No. Admission to P0E (2) -
stearylamine
(% on Easer) example number of
Tufts of fibers 19th Dispersions
State Example 16 0.4 0 very good Example 17 0.3 3 Well Example 18 0.2 8th pretty good comparison
6th 0.1 31 bad

Heat-treated and 30 % formalized stranded polyvinyl alcohol fibers of 3 denier were immersed in an aqueous solution of POE (2) stearylamine and then squeezed until the absorption of the compound was 5 to 20% by weight of the fiber. The fiber was then dried in a hot air oven and cut to a uniform length of 40 mm. The cut fiber was diluted with water to a concentration of 0.01% by weight and stirred in a TAPPI standard disintegrator. 200 cc of the suspension formed was placed in a dish and the state of dispersion was observed, whereby the values in Table V were obtained.

109826/1505

Table V Dispersions
State Admission to P0E (2) ~
stearylamine
(% on Paser) number of
Tufts of fibers pretty poor
detention 5 20th Well 7.5 4th very good 10 0 very good 15th O very good 20th O

The above values show that with a POE (2) stearylamine intake of more than 10% by weight auijden fibers no corresponding improvement in the state of dispersion is achieved.

Example 20

A rayon fiber of 3 denier and 20 mm in length made by the viscose process was immersed in water diluted to a concentration of 0.01% by weight plus 3% by weight of POE (2) stearylamine, based on fiber weight, added, whereupon in a TAPPI standard disintegrator ' was stirred. 200 ecm of the suspension formed were • placed in a dish and the state of dispersion observed. Four tufts of fibers were present in the sample suspension, which shows a uniform dispersion. If the experiment was repeated without the addition of POE (2) -stearylamine, the number of tufts in 200 ecm was Suspension 82.

10 9826/1505

Example 21

A strand-like fabric produced by the viscose process Rayon fiber of 1 denier strength was immersed in an aqueous solution of POE (2) -stearylamine, squeezed off, until the uptake of the compound on the fiber was 1% by weight and then to a uniform length of 5 mm cut.

The cut fiber was diluted with water to a concentration of 0.15% by weight in a TAPPI standard disintegrator stirred and put 200 ecm of the suspension formed in a bowl and the state of dispersion observed. No tuft was found and the state of dispersion was excellent.

Example 22

80 parts of a rayon fiber made by the viscose process of 1.5 denier and 5 mm in length, 10 parts of nylon 6,6 fiber of 2 denier and 3 mm in length and 10 parts of a polyvinyl alcohol fiber of 1 denier and 3π ™ Length as a binder fiber, which dissolves ψ in water at 80 ° C, were used to produce a

non-woven web weighing JO g / m with a cylinder paper machine. A mixture of 0.5% by weight of the fibers and 1% by weight of POE (2) stearylamine, based on on fiber weight, was placed in the Hollander and then stirred for about 5 minutes. The educated, non-woven web had good training and showed

ο
no tuft of fibers at 100 cm. The length of break was 4.0 km in the machine direction and 1.8 km in the transverse direction.

When the above procedure was repeated omitting the addition of POE (2) -stearylamine, had the formed nonwoven web has 32 tufts of fibers

109826/1505

W ι «ηιι. , ■ ,,. ■ ::,

100 cm and showed poor training. The fraction length was 3.6 km in the machine direction and 1.4 km in the transverse direction.

When these nonwoven webs are made with 20% by weight SBR latex, based on fiber weight, and dried in a hot air dryer, resulted in the invention Product a soft sheet with excellent water resistance properties.

Example 23

80 parts of a Bayon fiber of 1.5 denier thickness and 15 mm length produced by the viscose process and 20 parts of 1 denier polyvinyl alcohol fiber Thickness and 3 mm length as a binder, which dissolved in water at 80 ° C, were used to make a non-woven Web at a weight of 30 g / m on a cylinder paper machine used. A mixture of 0.5% by weight of the fibers and 3% by weight of POE (2) stearylamine, based on fiber weight, were placed in the Hollander and then stirred for about 5 minutes. The preserved, non-woven

Web had three tufts of fibers per 100 cm, good training, and the break length was 5> 0 km in the machine direction and 2.5 km transversely.

If the above attempt was repeated, however

no POE (2) stearylamine was added

54 tufts of fibers per 100 cm of the formed, non-woven Railway available. The comparison product had a very poor training and had a fracture length of 3.4-3 km in the machine direction and 1.38 km in the transverse direction. From the above values it can be seen that the use of POE (2) -stearylamine in the production of non-woven webs made from long chopped fibers are particularly effective in improving strength properties,

109826/1505

since the surfactant improves the toughness training and, consequently, the effectiveness.

109826/1505

Claims (1)

¹ I ^111111111111 UU ¹ EP ¹ IHI ¹ !! (! "« ΙΙίΐΐΙΐ'ΊίΙίϊΙ !! "I If ¹ I ί Claims Method of manufacturing non-woven Sheets of organic synthetic fibers, with chopped fibers from the organic synthetic fibers are dispersed in water, the resulting suspension of fibers on a wire screen to drain off the water is guided and the non-woven web is formed, characterized in that in the suspension the Cut fibers from the organic synthetic fibers one of the following connections (1) compounds of formula (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _x H (CHpCHpO) H CCJ where η is an integer from 14 to 18 and χ and y the number zero or an integer not higher than 7, where χ + y is an integer from 2 to represent, (2) Salts of the above compounds with inorganic ones or organic acids and (3) compounds of formula B ₂ where η is an integer from 14 · to 18 and 1L · and Hydrogen atoms or alkyl radicals with up to 3 Koh atomic atoms mean 109826/15 05 2 η R Is contained in an amount of at least 0.2% by weight, based on the fibers in the suspension. 2. Process for the manufacture of nonwoven webs from organic synthetic fibers, wherein Chopped fibers from the organic synthetic fibers are dispersed in water, the resulting suspension the fibers are guided on a wire mesh to drain the water and the non-woven web is formed, characterized in that the suspension of the cut fibers from the organic synthetic Fibers any of the following compounds (1) compounds of formula (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _x H (CHpCH ₀ O) H where η is an integer from 14 to 18 and χ and y is a number zero or an integer not higher than 7, where χ + y represent an integer from 2 to (2) salts of the above compounds with inorganic or organic acids, In an amount of at least 0.2% by weight, based on the fibers in the suspension. 5. A method of making nonwoven webs from organic synthetic fibers, wherein Chopped fibers of the organic synthetic fibers are dispersed in water, the resulting suspension the fibers are passed onto a wire mesh to drain the water and the nonwoven web is formed, characterized in that the suspension of the cut fibers from the organic synthetic fibers one Compound of formula 109826/1505 205R923 where η is an integer from 14 to 18 and E ^ and Rg Mean hydrogen atoms or alkyl radicals with up to 3 carbon atoms, In an amount of at least 0.2% by weight, based on the fibers in the suspension. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that that uses rayon fibers or polyvinyl alcohol fibers as organic synthetic fibers will. 5 · The method according to claims 1 to 3 »characterized in that that at least one of the following fibers, namely polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polypropylene fibers, Polyacrylic fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers and polyvinylidene fibers as organic synthetic fibers be used. 6. Method according to claims 1 to 5 »characterized in that that a fiber concentration of the suspension in the range of 0.01 to 0.5 wt.% And a concentration of the above compounds (1), (2) or (3) from 0.2 to 20% by weight, based on fiber weight, are used will. 7. The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that that 0.2 to 20% by weight of one of the above compounds (1), (2) or (3), based on fiber weight, in the process prior to the formation of the nonwoven Bahn are added. 8. The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized 109826/1505 indicates that the fiber with one of the compounds (1), (2) or (3) in an amount of 0.2 to 20% by weight, based on fiber weight, before the formation of the dispersion is covered. 109826/1505