DE2022069A1 - Device for compacting and compressing waste, garbage and the like. - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney Dipl.-Phys. Gerhard Liedl 8 Munich 22 Steinsdorfstr. 21-22 Tel. 29 84

B 4625

INTERNATIONALDYNETIGSCORP. 4 Taft Street, Norwalk, Conn. 06854

Device for compacting and compressing waste, garbage and the like.

The invention relates to a device for compression and compression of waste, garbage and the like, with particular emphasis on an automatic mode of operation. According to the invention, the further Handling of the compacted material, in particular the packaging and removal with subsequent transport, is simplified and improved will.

It is known to accumulate garbage otter micteii AMallprodaM © f sa sehiedsnerE breastfeeding in eiae gen- ^ 5insame'Tei? B5? © s2Ev! I2ggasilage MrI where the garbage iiKldie AfcMMoflie burned ττ% ιχΙβη <,

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The remaining, unburned ashes are collected and put into Containers transported away. Such a procedure causes various disadvantages: unsanitary working method, strong air pollution, Soot deposits over large areas, etc. There is also the disadvantage that the installation and operation of an incinerator is expensive, requires a large amount of space. Not only is it time consuming to operate, it also requires a high level of care and skill.

In order to remedy the disadvantages of incineration, the waste material compressed into dense masses, packaged and transported further in this state. As a result, the waste incineration occurring contamination and heating avoided. The facilities available for this purpose for the compression of the waste products however, they also have several disadvantages. The facilities are very prone to failure, risky in operation and require very well trained operating personnel. Also, the facilities are very bulky, complicated, not very versatile and adaptable and also have other disadvantages on.

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/ - 7/1211

According to the invention, the compacted package-like masses as a unit in a receptacle, for. B. a sack or the like. Introduced can be. The device according to the invention should also work very reliably, insensitively, stable, simple and versatile be usable. In particular, the handling should also be simple.

The invention is characterized by a longitudinally extending pressure chamber with an outlet opening at its one, in particular front end and an inlet opening at its other, in particular rear end, by a first door which is movable, in particular swingable, between two positions, the Outlet opening is closed in one position and open in the other position, through a, in particular funnel-shaped channel which is in communication with the inlet opening, by a pressure piston designed in particular as a ranmen-like plate, which is between a front position near the outlet opening and a retracted position behind the front edge of the inlet opening is displaceable in the longitudinal direction, by a second plate-like door through which the supply opening is opened and closed according to the displacement of the pressure piston, by means for detecting garbage, refuse and the like in the Rin ne, by means for moving the pressure piston back and forth and by control means that respond to the means for detecting rubbish, trash and the like ti the channel and the position of the first door and the means for reciprocating Push forward and retract the plunger automatically actuate, the plunger retracted and the second door is opened for the purpose of releasing the supply opening and the plunger to a certain intermediate position between the advanced and retracted

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Position and the second door is closed.

When the door is opened, a container can be placed around the front Part of the pressure chamber to be placed.

According to a preferred embodiment, the pressure chamber extends in the horizontal direction and has a front protruding part, the first door on an axis below the outlet opening is articulated so that the front end of the pressure chamber can protrude into a receptacle pushed onto it. The feed opening is arranged above the pressure chamber. The funnel-like channel starts from this in the vertical direction. The means for detection and scanning consist of a photosensitive element which is hit by a light beam that passes across the funnel-like channel. The pressure piston is operated hydraulically. The second door is attached to this or connected to it for movement control. When the plunger is pushed forward, either in the front or in the middle position, the second door is in the Closed position. When the plunger is in the retracted position, the second door is in the open position. An electric one Circuit, a pump and a valve system move the pressure piston when the first door is closed from the middle one Position in the withdrawn position and back again in the middle position when the photosensitive element detects material in the channel and the hydraulic pressure is below a certain adjustable maximum value when the pressure piston is in the vicinity of the middle position. When the first door is closed, the plunger can be selectively moved back and forth, regardless of the state of the photosensitive element. The circuit also effects a

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successive retraction and forward displacement of the Pressure piston when the hydraulic pressure exceeds a certain adjustable second value when the pressure piston between the middle and withdrawn location. This further back and forth Forward movement takes place for a certain time or until the reason for the pressure increase, e.g. B. an obstacle is no longer given in the area of the movement path of the pressure piston. The compressed mass is ejected into a sack, whereby the first door is opened and the sack is pulled over the pressure chamber will. A control switch of the circuit is then operated by hand, whereby the pressure piston is displaced into its front position. The compression ratio or density of the compressed mass can be easily adjusted by adjusting the cut-off pressure of the compression stroke, that of the first pressure-sensitive Switch is scanned.

The device according to the invention is very reliable, simple, safe and very easy to use. Other advantages concern the simple one and stable construction and the versatility and adaptability.

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Further details and features of the invention are from the following description, preferred embodiments and can be seen from the accompanying drawing.

Show here:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section (longitudinal line 1-1 in Figure 2) ™ through a preferred embodiment of a fiction

appropriate device for compacting, squeezing and compressing waste, garbage ο. Like., The Plunger is shown in the retracted position;

FIG. 2 shows a section along line 2-2 in FIG. 1;

Figure 2A is a schematic plan view of the switch for sensing the plunger position and the cam system;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a closed sack or pouch containing compressed waste;

Figure 4 shows a section similar to that of Figure 1, wherein the

Pressure piston is in its normal resting intermediate position;

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FIG. 7 shows a section similar to that according to FIG. 4, the discharge door being shown in the open state for receiving a sack or bag;

FIG. 8 is a section similar to that of FIG. 7, the pressure piston being shown in its advanced position in which it has pushed the compacted waste into the sack or bag;

FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of the circuit diagram and the movement system of the compression device;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial view from the front of the door lock in closed position;

FIG. 11 is a view similar to that according to FIG. 10, but showing the open position;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged partial front view of the lower part of the door and the switches for sensing the door position;

Figure 13 is a partially exploded view of a preferred embodiment a door and the associated fastening elements.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 of the drawing. With the reference numeral 10. DFA device according to the invention is herein generally referred to comprising an elongated tubular chamber 11 of square or rectangular cross-section s 12 is arranged on dem.Boden or base by means of a base part of?, Which below the chamber 11

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and a certain distance from the two opposite ones Has ends of the chamber 11.

The chamber 11 is made of steel plates or steel sheets and consists essentially of a horizontal, rectangular one Base plate 13, vertical side walls 14 which extend the entire length of the base plate 13, and a rectangular one upper wall 16. The trailing or rear end of the chamber 11 (right end in the drawing) is through an end wall 17 completed. The leading or front end (left end in the drawing) of the chamber 11 is open and forms a front end Outlet opening 18. The front end of the chamber 11 is provided with a pressure chamber 19, the front part of which over the base part 12 protrudes. The rear part of the chamber 11 forms a housing

A rectangular feed and inlet opening 21 is in the upper wall 16 in the region of the rear part of the pressure chamber 19 formed and extends over the entire width of the upper wall 16. A vertical peripheral flange 22 is integral with the walls 14 and 16 connected and protrudes upwardly from the peripheral edge of the opening 21 vertically. One is roughly vertical upwardly extending channel (funnel or line) 23 is connected to the flange 22 and stelt with its outer wall in Intervention. The funnel-like channel 23 leads to one or more receiving openings which are arranged at a distance from one another and into which the rubbish or rubbish is brought in first and foremost. Ih the upper wall 16, a rectangular opening 24 is arranged immediately behind the flange 22, which extends over the entire Width of the upper wall 16 extends and an access into the

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Forms interior of the housing 20. The opening 24 is through a matching detachable cover 26 closed. .

Approximately in the middle of the housing 20 is a double-acting one

horizontal hydraulic cylinder 29 of conventional design / arranged, which extends along almost the entire length of the housing 20 and suitably spaced longitudinally storage-like supports 27 and 28, which are arranged from one another and are connected to the lower wall 13, are connected. One horizontal piston rod arranged coaxially in the cylinder 29 is connected to a piston assigned to the cylinder 29. A vertical plate 32, which is a kind of ram, is attached to its front end by means of a screw bolt and a nut forms and with their outer peripheral edges in sliding engagement with the you walls of the chamber walls 13, 14 and 16 stands. With the upper edge of the ram-like plate 32 is a rectangular Plate 33 connected, which projects backwards and is in sliding engagement with the underside of the wall 16. the Plate is 33, has about the width of the top wall 16 and is slightly longer than the distance between the top of the Outlet port 18 and the rear end of inlet port 21. Forward protruding fangs 34 are along the top edge the front of the ram-like plate 32 is arranged. The plate forms a door.

A horizontal support member 36 is disposed below the plate 13, which is connected to the base part · 12 URTD here "projecting from the front namely up is located to a position dis ^a © M] below the front edge of the Baslsplatte IS E! A © s? EeK-ecklge door is setwrnMumi iafö u & m along its lower hinge

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whose transverse edge of the door mounting element 36 is connected. For this purpose, a transverse pivot pin 38 is provided, which is connected with joints 39 on the lower edge of the door 37

by
binding and / the element 36 is supported. The door 37 can be pivoted into an upright vertical position in which it closes the outlet opening 18. The door 37 is provided with a rear shoulder or collar 40 which comes into engagement with the opening 18 when it is pivoted into the closed position. The door 37 can be pivoted about the pivot pin 38 into a horizontal position in which it protrudes forwards and lies below the wall 13. The outlet opening 18 is open here. An arm 41 for switch actuation protrudes radially from the eye-like joints 39, which arm 41 forms a certain angle with the door 37 (see, for example, FIG. 12).

A locking device 42, which can be actuated by hand and is shown in particular in FIGS. 9 and 10, is supported by the door 37 and provided with two transversely spaced eyes 43, which are arranged approximately in the middle of the upper outer edge of the door 37 and connected to it and a pivot pin 44. A downwardly extending hand grip 48 is provided at its upper end with a rearwardly directed eyelet or eye 47, which lies between the two lagerartlgiOE eyes 43: and M pivotable engagement with azL: \ ^{Ä ::} t?: T 4Λ ufeMo ".: ϋ: · ΐ sitefe saeli rear locking«: ■: ■;:; ■. "" / ΙΛ -uv ^ i-ii & m -UT ^ Tfes ^ s! See rait siisssi down-

BATH ORIGINAL

near the front facing bottom lip is provided. A middle one Slot 53 is in the top wall 16 near the front one End of the top wall 16 is provided. When the door is closed and locked (see Figure 10), the hook-shaped element is 51 with the front edge of the slot 53 in engagement $ the arm is inclined downwards and backwards and the pin 44 lies slightly above the pin 50. Through one to the front on the door 37 Directed pressure generated by the compacted material in the chamber 16 thus reinforces the locking device held in the bolt position. The locking device is thereby unlocked that - see z. B. Figure 11 - the handle 46 by hand is pivoted clockwise. However, if the hand lever is pivoted counterclockwise, the locking device locked, the hook-shaped element falling into the slot 53.

As can be seen in FIG. 9, the opposite ends of the Cylinder 29 connected to opposite openings of a solenoid operated four-way valve 56, the inlet openings each with a reservoir 57 for a hydraulic medium and the outlet of a hydraulic high-pressure pump 58 with variable displacement volume are connected. The pump 58 is driven by a suitable electric motor M connected to it. The pump 58 has its inlet connected to the container

57 by an adjustable check valve 59 in connection. The valve 56 is provided with a pair of solenoids VF and VR. When the solenoid VF is excited, the valve 56 the rear part of the cylinder 29 with the outlet of the pump

58 connected, while the front part of the cylinder 29 with the Container 57 is connected. Upon excitation and actuation of the magnet

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coil VR, the front part of the cylinder 29 is connected to the pump outlet while the rear part is connected to the container 57 is connected. Also connected to the outlet of the pump 58 are a pair of pressure sensitive switches HS and LS, which are individually are adjustable with respect to predetermined pressures. The switches are normally open and are brought into the closed position, if the pressure in the hydraulic medium exceeds a certain adjustable value. Under normal operating conditions the switch HS is set so that it responds to a higher pressure than the switch LS and at a pressure of the of the check valve 59 does not exceed.

A plurality of transversely spaced switches for sensing the pressure piston position are suitably arranged in the housing 20 between the cylinder 29 and the plate and vertically aligned with the opening 24. These switches are preferably designed as microswitches, each of which is provided with an upper actuating arm which carries a cam roller 25. Seven such scanning and sensing switches SlA, SlB, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 are provided, which are attached to the underside of the plate 33. Opposite these switches, switch actuating cams ClA, ClB, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6 are aligned in the longitudinal direction. The cams operate the associated switches when they come into engagement with them. The switch SlA is normally closed. The cam CLA is arranged in such a way that it comes into engagement with the switch S1A and opens it when the ram-like plate 32 is in its central rest position A, namely at a short distance in front of the feed opening 21 (see FIGS. 4 and 6) . The switch SlB is normally closed and is at the same time

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opened with the switch SlA, namely by the similar to the Noeke CLA arranged cam ClB.

The switch S2 is normally open. The associated cam C2 hereby comes into engagement and closes the switch S2 _} when the ram-like plate 32 is located between the position A and the position B (front edge of the feed opening 21). The switch S3 is normally open and comes into engagement with the cam C3, whereby it is closed when the ram-like plate 32 is in the fully retracted position C as shown in FIG. The switch S4 is normally open and comes into engagement with the cam C4, being closed when the ram-like plate 32 has been completely shifted forward to the position D as shown in the figure. The switch S5 is normally closed and is opened by engagement with the cam C5 when the ram-like plate 32 is in the B position. The switch S6 is normally open and is closed by engagement with the cam C6 when the ram-like plate 32 is between the middle and the two front positions A and D.

A range of switches DSA, DSB and DSC for the door positions are arranged with their operating buttons in the area of the path of the switch operating arm 41. The arrangement here is such selected and the actuating arm 41 is formed and in with respect to the door 37 arranged that in the normal position of the switch and when the gate 37 is closed, the switch DSA is closed, and that the switch DSB, which is designed as a double switch, an open contact IDSB and another closed contact 2DSB has. When you open the door 37 is the Switch DSA open and switch contact IDSB is closed, while contact 2DSB is open. The door switch is DSC

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open when the door 37 is open and is closed when the door 37 is closed »

To feel and determine whether there is material in the funnel-shaped Channel 23 is present, is at a certain adjustable vertical height on the wall of the channel 23 or on the inside the same a photosensitive member 60 is arranged. On the opposite wall of the channel is a light source (not shown) arranged with their rays on the photosensitive element 60 is aligned. A conventional reinforcement device with switches is assigned to the photosensitive element 60 and controls a switch PES in a conventional manner. The desk PES is open when the photosensitive element 60 is incident on light. The switch PES is closed when the passage the light beams to the photosensitive element 60 is interrupted during a certain adjustable time, namely by material which is within the funnel-like channel 23 above the adjustable height of the photosensitive element 60 is located.

The pump drive motor M is a conventional magnetic one Starter MS with a three-phase electrical power source " tied together. The magnetic starter MS has a magnetic coil Y4 and a normally open switch 1Y4 which is in the closed position is brought when the started solenoid Y4 is energized.

The control circuit of the compression device is supplied with energy through two lines χ and y. The line χ is connected to one of the three phase connections, while the line y to

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connected to another terminal through a normally closed stop switch S7. The control circuit has eight relays provided, which are actuated by respective solenoids Yl to Y8. The relay operated by the coil Y1 has a pair of normally open, solenoid operated switches IYl and 2Yl. The relay actuated by the solenoid coil Y2 shows normally open solenoid operated switch 1Y2. The relay operated by solenoid Y3 has a normally closed and a normally open solenoid operated Switch 1Y3 or 2Y3 open. The relay operated by solenoid coil Y5 is an adjustable time delay relay and has a normally closed solenoid operated switch 1Y5 and a normally open solenoid operated switch Switch 2Y5 on. The relay operated by solenoid Y6 has normally closed solenoid operated switches 1Y6 and 2Y6 and a normally open solenoid operated Switch 3Y6 on. The relay actuated by solenoid Y7 has normally open solenoid actuated switches 1Y7 and 4Y7 and normally closed solenoid operated switches 2Y7 and 3Y7. The actuated by the solenoid Y8 Relay is a time delay relay and has a normally open solenoid operated switch 1Y8.

The relay solenoid coil Yl is connected in series with the pressure switch HS between the lines χ and y. The relay solenoids Y2 and Y5 are connected in parallel between the lines χ and y via the relay switch IYl and the series-connected switches S5, 1Y2 and the normally closed contacts of a push button discharge switch S9 with normally open

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Contacts. The relay solenoid coil Y3 is connected between the lines χ and y by the door switch LS2 and the herewith in Pressure switch LS connected in series and by relay switch 2Y3 and the normally closed ones connected in series with it Contacts of switch S9. The motor starter solenoid Y4 is connected between the lines x, y by the switches 1Y5, 1Y4 and SlA connected in series, by the switches connected in series Switches 1Y5, 1Y3, PES and DSA and through switch 1Y5 and the normally open ones connected in series with it Contacts of switch S9. The relay solenoids Y6 and Y8 are connected in parallel, each with one of their connections to the Line χ and the other of its connections are connected to line y via series-connected switches 2Y7, IDSB, 1Y4 and SlA is, as well as by the switch S3 and by 2Y7, IDSB, 1Y3, PES and DSA and through SIB, 3Y6, 3Y7 and 1Y4, SIA, in parallel with 1Y3, PES and DSA. The relay solenoid Y7 is one terminal provided, which is connected to the line χ, while the other terminal is connected to the line y via the switch S4 is, as well as via switch 2Yl, switches 4Y7, 2Y6 connected in series and normally open contacts of switch S9 via either 4Y7, 2Y6 or 2DSB to 1Y4, SlA, which are parallel with 1Y3, PES and DSA via series-connected switches S6 and DSC.

The valve solenoid coil VR is through between the lines χ and y the relay switch 1Y7 switched. The valve solenoid coil VF is connected between the lines χ and y through the relay switch 1Y8. A signal lamp Ll is connected between the lines χ and y through the relay switch 2Y5. A signal lamp L2 is between the lines χ and y through the relay switch 2Y3 and

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the switch S9 switched, which are connected in series. A signal lamp L3 is between the lines χ and y through the switch S3 switched.

Further details, but in particular the exact structure of the circuit described above, result from the exact Illustration according to FIG. 9.

The following is the mode of operation and operation of the inventive Compaction device described.

When the device is in the active rest position, the door 37 is closed and locked. The ram-like plate 32 is located in the middle layer A according to Figure 4. The individual elements of the Control circuits have the position shown in FIG. On the light hits the photosensitive element, whereby the switch PES is opened. The switches SlA, SlB and S2 are operated and the pressure switches LS and HS are open. Under these conditions all relay solenoids are dead and not energized. When there is enough rubbish and rubbish in the funnel-like gutter accumulates, the passage of light rays to the photosensitive element 60 is interrupted, the switch PES and the appropriate circuits are closed and the relay solenoids Y4 and Y7 are energized. This actuates the starter MS, the motor M and the pump 58. The solenoid interlock switch 1Y4 is closed and the valve solenoid VR is energized. It follows that the hydraulic Pressure medium is pumped into the front part of the cylinder 29, the pressure piston 32 being withdrawn with the plate 33,

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namely up to the rearmost position according to FIG. 5. The material that has accumulated in the channel 23 can then enter the pressure chamber 19 fall. During the aforementioned return stroke, the solenoid Y4 is energized by the hold switch 1Y4. The solenoid coil Y7 is energized by the hold switch 4Y7.

When the ram-like plate 32 is in the fully retracted Position, switch S3 is closed by cam C3 and the other cam operated switches are in returned to their normal positions. Closing switch S3 energizes solenoids Y6 and Y8. The excited Solenoid Y6 opens switch 2Y6 so that solenoid Y7 is de-energized. The switch 1Y7 and opens the valve solenoid VR is de-energized. After a short Delay, the energized relay Y8 closes switch 1Y8. This energizes the valve solenoid VF and the plunger 32 is moved forward to compress the material located on its front side. When the ram-like Plate 32 has returned to its middle position Λ, the cam ClA. opens the switch SlA, since there is not enough material is present in the channel 23, the relay solenoid Y4 de-energizes, so that the motor M is switched off and the relay Y6 and Y8 are de-energized, so that the control circuit returns to its starting position. As long as the door 37 is closed and the pressure switches LS and HS are open, the aforementioned becomes

*
The cycle is repeated each time the light rays impinging on the photosensitive element 60 are interrupted by material accumulating in the channel 23.

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When the amount of material compressed in the pressure chamber 19 reaches a density such that the reaction pressure on the advancing arm-like plate 32 between the intermediate positions A and B. reaches a certain value, the pressure of the hydraulic medium actuates the pressure-sensitive arrangement LS, whereby the relay solenoid Y3 is excited by the closed switches LS and S2, which in turn opens the relay switch 1Y3 and the relay switch 2Y3 closes. Opening the switch 1Y3 prevents in connection with the photosensitive switch PES another compression cycle. However, if another compression cycle is desired, the push button switch S9 is pressed momentarily, its normally open and closed contacts are opened and closed and the relay solenoid coil Y3 is de-energized and another compression stroke in the aforementioned manner is carried out again. It is important that such a further compression stroke can only be performed when the door 37 is closed. When the magnet relay coil is excited Y3 the lamp L2 is made to light up in order to indicate the desired loading of the chamber 19.

To empty the chamber 19, the lock 42 is unlocked and the door 37 is pivoted outwards into its fully open horizontal position, as shown in FIG. An empty sack 65 of suitable construction having approximately the same dimensions as that outer border of the chamber 19 and a greater length than the compressed mass 66 is slipped over the chamber 19. When the door 37 is open, the switches DSA, DSC and 2DSB are opened and the switch IDSB is closed. The switch S9 is then depressed to each of its normally closed

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to open and close current and opened contacts the magnetic starter MS is operated via the switch 1Y5 and the relay magnet coils Y6 and Y8 energized. Accordingly, the closed relay switch 1Y8 operates the valve solenoid VF to advance the plate 32 and Ejecting the compressed mass 66 through the outlet opening 18 into the sack 65. The filled sack is opened along the horizontally Door 37 is moved until the entire mass 66 is completely enclosed by it and removed from the chamber 19. This way of working, In particular, the various positions of the sack can be seen in the illustration according to FIGS. 7 and 8. The filled sack 65 is then removed and in the area of its upper part 67 to close folded, as can be seen in FIG. 3.

Even when the switch S9 is released, the plate 32 moves with it Move forward as relay solenoids Y6 and Y8 pass through

which keep the switch 3Y6 closed, the / solenoids Y6 and Y8 connects to line 7 via relay switch 3 Y7.

When the plate 32 reaches its front position D shown in FIG. 8, When the cam C4 engages and closes the switch S4, the relay solenoid Y7 is energized. This opens switch 3Y7. The relay solenoids Y6 and Y8 are de-energized and the switch 1Y7 becomes As a result, the valve solenoid VF is de-energized and the valve solenoid VR is energized to retract the plate 32. When the plate 32 reaches its intermediate position A, the switches Sl, A and SlB are opened so that the starter MS except Effect is brought and the motor M and the pump 58 stopped

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will. The door 37 can then be closed and a further compression cycle take place in the manner described above. .

If during the compression stroke of the pressure piston an obstruction occurs which hinders the pressure piston or causes it to jam, so that its reaction pressure rises and the pressure of the hydraulic fluid rises above the set pressure value of the pressure-sensitive switch HS, the switch HS is closed, the relay solenoid Yl excited and thereby the relay holder IYl, 2Yl are closed. Closing the relay switch 1 Yl energizes the relay solenoid Y2, which is held by the relay switch 1Y2 and energizes the adjustable time delay relay solenoid 1Y5. Closing relay switch 2Yl energizes relay solenoid Y7. The energization of relay solenoid Y7 deenergizes relay solenoids Y6 and Y8 and energizes valve solenoid VR through relay switch 1Y7 to retract plate 32. When plate 32 reaches its retracted position G, cam C3 closes switch 63, releasing the Relay solenoids Y6 and Y8 are energized (held by relay switch 3Y6). This results in the relay solenoid coil Y7 being de-energized and the valve solenoid coil VF being energized after the short delay

in fact
of the relay Y8, / for advancing the plate 32. This unimpeded cycle is repeated until the obstruction is removed, which is indicated by a drop in the pressure in the hydraulic fluid below the response pressure of the switch HS, or until the adjustable time delay of the relay Y7 has elapsed, after which the relay switch 1Y5 opens and the motor starter MS is rendered ineffective and the motor M and the pump 58 are stopped,

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The relay switch 2Y5 closes and the lamp Ll lights up. If the obstruction lapses or is removed before the delay time of relay Y5 has expired, plate 32 resets their forward movement continues to the intermediate position and the control circuit is in its normal operating position according to FIG. deferred.

During the ejecting forward stroke of the ribbon-like plate 32 between the intermediate position A and the outlet position D - when the door 37 from its open position to close the switch DSC has been raised (switch S6 is closed by cam 6C) - relay solenoid Y7 is energized. The relay solenoids Y6 and Y8 are de-energized urri the valve solenoid VR is energized, so that the ram-like Plate 32 is withdrawn into its intermediate position.

The time delay of the relay Y8 is expediently set to a time that ensures that the material from the Channel 23 can fall into the compression chamber. Such a time is between 1 and 10 seconds. The time delay of relay Y5 is adjustable to allow a certain number of unhindered cycles to be performed by plate 32 before shutdown. the set time can be up to 120 see. be. The pressure switches HL and HS are adjustable to the desired resultant compression force and the maximum force without hindrance. This setting

The 2 bar pressure values of the switches are between approx. 7 and 140 kp / cm The various positions A, B, C and D of the ranmen-like plate or the plunger can be adjusted by adjusting the position (in the longitudinal direction) of the corresponding cams Cl to C6 or the

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ordered switches Sl to S6 can be set, which are accessible via the opening 24.

Fig. 13 shows a further preferred embodiment, which from the one described above only with regard to the training and arrangement the outlet opening and the outlet door. A Carrier 67 is provided on a side wall 68 of a chamber 69 on the rear side of an outlet opening 70. One himself extending in the transverse direction and spaced from the side wall 68 arranged arm 71 extends from the support 67 to the front end of the chamber 69. Eire door 72, which is similar to the door .37 designed is, is connected in a suitable Wei se to the free end of the arm 71 and can swing about a vertical axis. One Locking device 73, which is similar to the locking device 42.1st arranged on the free edge of the door 72 and works with a locking slot 74 in the side wall 76 of the chamber 69 together. Switches for the position and location of the door are the Door 72 is assigned in the same way as door 37. The embodiment of FIG. 13 operates in the same way as that of FIG Fig. Ibis 12.,

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Claims (20)

2022069 Patent attorney Dipl.-Phys. Gerhard Liedl 8 Munich 22 Steinsdorfstr. 21-22 Tel. 29 84 MernatioriaLDynetics.Corp. B 4625 claims 1. Device for compacting and compressing garbage, refuse and the like, characterized by a longitudinally extending device Pressure chamber (19) with an outlet opening (18) on one of them, in particular the front one. End and an inlet port (21) at its the other, in particular the rear, end, through a first door (37) which is movable, in particular swingable, between two positions, wherein the outlet opening (18) is closed in one position and opened in the other position, in particular through a funnel-like formed channel (23), which is in connection with the inlet opening (21), by a particularly as a ranmen-like plate (32) trained pressure piston, which is between a front position in the Near the outlet opening (18) and a retracted position behind the front edge of the inlet opening (21) displaceable in the longitudinal direction is, by a second plate-like door (33), through which the feed opening (21) according to the displacement of the Pressure piston (32) is opened and closed by means for detecting garbage, refuse and the like in the channel (23), by means for reciprocating displacement of the pressure piston (32) and by control means, which on the means for detecting garbage, garbage and the like. respond in the channel (23) and the position of the first door (37) and the means for reciprocating forward pushing and retracting actuate the pressure piston (32) automatically, whereby the pressure piston (32) 0098A7 / 1211 H / hu withdrawn and the second door (33) is opened to release the feed opening (21) and wherein the pressure piston (32) up to one certain intermediate position between the advanced and the retracted position advanced and the second door (33) closed will. . 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that means are provided which at a certain pressure of the pressure piston (32) respond in the vicinity of the intermediate position and the drive means for the reciprocating movement of the pressure piston (32) render ineffective. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that means are provided for setting the specific pressure value. 4. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive means for the pressure piston (32) with a hydraulic cylinder (29) and a arranged therein and provided with the pressure piston (32) connected piston, and with a hydraulic pump (58), which one having an outlet connected to an inlet of the cylinder (29), and with an electric motor (M) driving the pump (59) and that the control means are provided with means that control the energy supply to the electric motor (M). 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that means are provided which are at an adjustable pressure of the below Hydraulic fluid under pressure in the hydraulic cylinder (29) respond when the pressure piston (32) is in the vicinity of the intermediate layer, with the electric motor (M) being de-energized Ot 9 8 47/12 Π will. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that means are provided which on a pressure of the pressure piston (32) address during the forward shift if a second certain value at a point behind the selected liner is exceeded, the pressure piston (32) being withdrawn from the rear position and then being pushed forward. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that means are provided which the repeated and reciprocating Limit the retraction and advance movement of the pressure piston (32) during the time when the pressure reaches the second predetermined value exceeds. 8. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the successive retraction and forward movement of the Pressure piston (32) which occurs due to the pressure exceeding the second specific pressure value, regardless of the scanning and Locking means is. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that · a photosensitive element (60) is provided which is inside the funnel-like channel (23) is arranged above the second door (33) and that an arrangement is provided which extends across the funnel-like Channel (23) light shines on the photosensitive element (60). 10. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that optionally actuatable means are provided through which the drive means independently of the first pressure-responsive means can be actuated to bring the plunger (32) to the retracted Position moved and returned to the intermediate position 0 0 9 8 A _{7/1 2 1 1 can #} 11. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that optionally actuatable means are provided, which are independent of the first pressure responsive means and the means for sensing and locking actuate the drive means, wherein the pressure piston (32) is moved into the retracted position and is returned to the intermediate position. ' 12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the selectively actuatable means actuate the drive means when the first door (37) is opened to forward the plunger (32) to move to the front position. 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that means are provided on the movement of the door (37) from the respond to the open position, while the pressure piston (32) lies between the front position and the intermediate position, the 3Sachvorneverschrift the pressure piston (32) is interrupted. 14. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that selectively actuatable means for actuating the drive means independently the first pressure responsive means are provided so the drive means return the pressure piston (32) to the intermediate position. 15. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that Means are provided which respond to the opening of the first door (37), so that the control means responsive to the means for scanning and detecting become ineffective. 009847/1211
4625 16. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that optionally actuated means are provided which actuate the drive means, when the first door (37) is in the closed position, with the plunger (32) displaced to the retracted position and in the intermediate position is returned again, and when the first door (37) is open, the pressure piston (32) in the front position is moved. 17. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the a'äeTür (37) is pivotable about an axis that extends outward from the Outlet opening (18) is offset. 18. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front part of the pressure chamber (19) extends over a longitudinal direction extending support element (12) protrudes, which is arranged outside the outer wall of the front part, the pressure chamber (19) and that the first door (37) is hinged to the support part (12). 19. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply opening (21) for the pressure chamber (19) in an upper wall the same is arranged so that the particular funnel-like channel (23) starts from the feed opening (21) and extends upwards and that the second door (33) consists of a longitudinally extending end plate which is connected to the pressure piston (32) and herewith can be displaced transversely to the feed opening (21). 4625 0098 ^ 7/1211 20. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first door (37) is free from the freely projecting elongated part of the pressure chamber (19) when fully opened, so that a container, in particular a sack, over the front part of the pressure chamber (19) can be pulled over. 4625 009847/1211