DE202019002273U1 - Component for forming a cantilevered window - Google Patents

Abstract

A structural member (1) for forming a cantilevered window (14), the structural member (1) comprising a tunnel-shaped frame (2) enclosing an internal space (25) and having open end portions (7, 8), a first end portion (7) of the frame (2) is an attachment end portion (7) adapted to secure the component (1) in and / or over a building opening (9), and wherein a second end portion (8) of the frame (2) Window end part (8) designed to receive a window (18), the component (1) further comprising an insulating jacket (3) enclosing the frame (2), characterized in that the frame (2 ) has one or more interconnected metal plate structures (4, 5, 6, 6 ').

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to components such as bay windows, dormer windows and projecting windows, to facade structures having such components, and further to methods for producing such components.

STATE OF THE ART

Building elements such as bay windows, dormers and projecting windows are used as an extension of the interior of a building; typically they stand out in relation to the other façade and / or roof structure.

By itself bay windows are known from the prior art. So describes US 2006 042 178 A1 a frame for a bay window. The frame is provided with flanges that allow easy connection to a building opening.

US 5,400,557 A. describes another bay window element that can be attached to the facade structure of a building. The glass panes of the element are framed in a wooden window frame.

Finally describes US 2005 246 978 A1 How a bay window can be clamped to a façade structure using an upward pull rope with hooks. However, such tension cables, as well as struts, disturb the straight-lined appearance of the bay window. In addition, the type of installation is very complex.

Some important characteristics of these components are their load-carrying capacity, the degree to which they admit light, their sound-proof, moisture-tight and tension-tight connection to the other façade structure, their insulating ability and in particular the absence of cold bridges, their light and fine construction, their straightforward appearance and their Longevity. Furthermore, it is advantageous if they can be easily transported and installed. Another important point is that they must be designed and installed in accordance with applicable legislation. For example, in principle, all construction and renovation projects in Flanders must comply with the "EPB energieprestatieregelgeving" [regulation on energy efficiency and indoor climate].

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved structural member for forming a cantilevered window. Preferably, the device has a straightforward appearance and a high load capacity and can be installed particularly easily.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

For this purpose, the invention provides a component according to claim 1. The device has a tunnel-shaped frame with two open end parts, wherein the frame is enclosed by an insulating jacket. In particular, the frame is composed of one or more interconnected plate structures made of metal. These enclose the internal space of the component. Preferably, therefore, the frame has a plate frame.

Compared to a window frame with hollow or open profiles, the wall thickness of a substantially closed frame of plate structures can be made much thinner while maintaining the mechanical properties. In addition, flat plate structures are compatible with a layered construction of the device, with the tunnel-shaped frame serving as a structural layer and with a tunnel-shaped insulating jacket being responsible for the circulating thermal insulation layer. Of course, instead of reducing the overall tunnel wall thickness, another compromise may be made in favor of the structural and / or insulating properties of the device.

In a further embodiment, the plate structures are connected to a box which encloses the internal space of the device. The global flexural strength and flexural rigidity of the component is thereby maximized due to the profile effect of the box structure. Optionally, one or more of the plate structures further have one or more reinforcing struts.

In other aspects, the invention also relates to a facade structure according to claim 14 and a method according to claim 15.

list of figures

• 1A-I are schematic representations of supporting frame according to possible embodiments of the device.
• 2 shows a perspective view of a building with facade structures according to a possible embodiment of the invention.
• 3A-D show lateral cross sections of facade structures. They contain components according to possible embodiments of the invention.
• 4A and 4B show frontal cross sections of components according to possible embodiments of the invention.
• 5A and 5B show detailed cross-sections of a structural element with a tunnel-shaped frame, each of which is constructed of a window frame of metal boxes (open frame) and interconnected, ribbed metal plate structures according to an embodiment of the present invention (closed frame).
• 6A-G show a series of schematic cross sections of facade structures according to possible embodiments of the invention.
• 7 Finally, shows a schematic cross section of a facade structure and a component according to yet another possible embodiment, also according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to a component for forming a projecting window, a facade structure having such a component, and further to a method for the insertion of a cantilevered window.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in the description of the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning that those skilled in the art understand it to mean. For a better understanding of the description of the invention, the following terms are explained explicitly.

"One" and "one" refer to both singular and plural in this document unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, "a segment" means one or more than one segment.

In this document, "about" or "round" with a measurable size, parameter, duration, or time, and so on. Ä. are variations of +/- 20% or less, preferably +/- 10% or less, more preferably +/- 5% or less, even more preferably +/- 1% or less, and even more preferably of +/- 0.1% or less, as far as such variations apply to the described invention. However, the value of the size that uses the term "about" or "round" must be unique.

The terms "comprising," "having," "consisting of," "consisting of," "having," "containing," "containing," "including," "including," "including," "including," are synonyms and broad or open terminology denoting the presence of the following and which does not preclude or hinder the presence of other components, features, elements, members, steps known in the art, or described therein.

The term "device" as used herein refers to an element designed for structural applications. Among other things, the carrying capacity and the insulation value were adjusted accordingly.

A "cantilevered window" is a protruding / projecting part of a facade structure. Preferably, it is a window that is provided with a glass sheet or can be provided with it. The surface of this glass sheet lies substantially in front of the other facade surface. The window is thus protruding / cantilevering with respect to the further facade structure. In this respect, projecting windows resemble bay windows and dormer windows. Overhanging windows can be used in wall openings, in roof openings and in wall-roof openings, where on 2 is referenced. They can be used at ground level and parapet height, among other things. Optionally, a cantilevered window extends vertically over several floors.

The naming of numerical intervals by the endpoints includes all integers, fractions, and / or real numbers between the endpoints, including those endpoints.

In a first aspect, the invention relates to a structural member for forming a cantilevered window comprising a tunnel-shaped frame enclosing an internal space and having open end portions, a first end portion of the frame being an attachment end portion adapted to secure the component in and / or over a building opening, and wherein a second end portion of the frame is a frame end portion adapted for receiving a window, the component further comprising an insulating jacket enclosing the frame. In particular, the frame is constructed from one or more interconnected metal plate structures. These plate structures thereby at least partially enclose the above-mentioned internal space of the frame / component.

According to possible embodiments, the metal plate structure or plate structures may be supplemented by further wall parts and together form the frame. They connect the metal plate structures to a tunnel-shaped frame. Preferably, at least one Tunnel wall formed by a metal plate structure. For example, in the case of a box-shaped frame having a bottom wall, a top wall, and two side walls, it may be that only the bottom wall is formed by a metal plate structure. Alternatively, it is only the top wall, only one side wall, both side walls, a side wall and the bottom wall, a side wall and the top wall, both the bottom wall and the top wall or even all but one (e.g. Side walls, the lower wall or the upper wall).

According to other possible embodiments, both the bottom wall, the top wall and both side walls consist of metal plate structures. However, the invention is not limited thereto. The remaining tunnel walls may consist of other plate materials, for example of transparent plate materials such as glass plates. Preferably, the frame is enclosed at least at the level of the metal plate structures by an insulating jacket (in terms of thermal insulation). This is not necessarily the case for the remaining tunnel walls.

Preferably, the frame is the primary structural part of the device. The frame can be attached via the fastening end part (also: proximal end part) directly to a supporting structure which encloses a building opening. From this building opening, the frame then extends along a longitudinal direction tunnel-shaped to the window end part (also: distal end part). There he can support a window. The frame encloses an internal space between the two open end parts. In the installed state of the device, this internal space forms an extension of the interior of a building.

The attachment end part is preferably adapted specifically for its attachment in and / or over a building opening. In one possible embodiment, it has a shape that is congruent with the shape of the building opening. This shape may, for example, be triangular, quadrangular, n-angular (n> 4), circular or oval. The invention is not limited to any of these forms.

Optionally, the frame is provided with mounting holes (eg for securing concrete anchors) and / or fastening clamps at the fastening end part. Alternatively, such means are not used; For example, the frame can be easily glued in and / or over a building opening. Preferably, the attachment end portion is directly secured in or over the building opening, in direct contact with the edge portions of the building opening. Possibly sealing means are provided in between.

The Fensterendteil is designed for receiving a window. Preferably, the window end part comprises at least means for equipping with one or more windows or glass panes, for example a window frame or means for the direct reception of a glass pane. Optionally, the component is already prefabricated with a window reveal with one or more windows, designed as a rotating window, tilt windows, swing window, camber window, hinged window, folding sliding window, insert sliding window, lowered-hinged window, tilt and turn window, sliding sliding door, fixed window or any combination thereof are. However, this is not necessarily the case. Preferably, the frangible glass sheets are supplied separately from the component and used only after the installation of the device in the Fensterendteil.

The attachment end part and the window end part are open end parts, i. H. they are equipped with an opening. Near the mounting end portion, the corresponding opening in the installed state of the component allows access to the internal space of the component from and through the building opening. Near the Fensterendteils the appropriate opening for receiving a window is suitable. Preferably, the openings extend substantially transversely to the longitudinal direction of the frame. Preferably, the opening (or openings) on the attachment end portion comprises at least 75% of the transverse surface of the attachment end portion as viewed from the attachment side end. Preferably, the opening (or openings) at the window end portion comprises at least 75% of the transverse surface of the window end portion, as seen from the window side end.

However, the invention is not limited to openings which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel-shaped frame. A possible alternative, for example, in the embodiment of 6C shown. The invention is also not limited to shallow openings extending in a "surface". In general, the openings may be in a curved or angular surface. A possible related embodiment is disclosed in 7 shown.

Preferably, the frame substantially comprises a metal, which may refer to any alloy here. Typically, the frame can be made of steel, stainless steel or aluminum; however, this is not necessarily the case. In general, metals have relatively high stiffness, tensile strength, and toughness, making them particularly suitable for forming a supporting frame for a cantilevered window. An important disadvantage is that metals are a relatively high Have thermal conductivity. Therefore, the device further includes an insulating sheath enclosing the (metal) frame along the outside between the end parts to solve this problem. The shell extends in principle in the circumferential direction from near the fastening end part to near the window end part around the frame. The jacket forms a thermal insulation, which is taken over the tunnel-shaped frame.

Among other things, this structure is particularly advantageous for use of the device in or over a wall opening of a conventional multilayer wall. Such walls typically include a supporting layer and an insulating layer extending outwardly along the supporting layer. Now the frame can be attached directly to the supporting layer via the fastening end part; he ensures a supporting projection from the supporting layer of the wall. On the other hand, the insulating jacket may be connected to the insulating layer of the wall near the attachment end portion of the frame; he ensures an insulating projection from the insulating layer. The thermal insulation also protrudes without interruption.

In particular, the frame is constructed of one or more interconnected metal plate structures. Preferably, therefore, the frame comprises a plate frame. Preferably, the plate structures are integrally connected (eg, welded or folded from a larger plate structure), wherein the material is not interrupted at the level of the connections. However, this is not necessarily the case; possibly they are mechanically connected (eg via threaded bolts and nuts, rivets, metal screws) or even chemically (eg via metal adhesive). The invention is not limited to any of these joining techniques.

In comparison to an "open" window frame made of profiles (I-profiles, T-profiles, H-profiles, L-profiles, U-profiles, box profiles, tube profiles, ...) a "closed" frame of plate structures with comparable mechanical features Although more material, but the wall thickness is lower. In addition, plate structures are compatible with the layered construction of the device, with the insulating sheath enclosing the plate structures of the frame. The jacket thereby forms a thermally insulating, tunnel-shaped outer layer around the per se also tunnel-shaped frame, as described above. Preferably, the insulating jacket is substantially parallel to the plate structures that it covers. An important advantage of using plate material is that the overall "tunnel wall thickness" of the device can be made thinner while maintaining strength and insulation. The component thereby receives a slimmer appearance. The incidence of light can also be maximized; the opening at the window end part can be made larger with the same outer circumference of the component.

Optionally, the plate structures are provided with openings; For example, they are provided with uniform perforations. This is still a substantially closed frame of plate structures. However, this is preferably not the case, since the plate thickness must then be chosen larger so that the mechanical properties are retained. The component preferably only provides window openings at the window end part transversely to the longitudinal direction of the component. Lateral window openings ensure weakening of the frame.

According to alternative embodiments, one or more of the plate structures are nevertheless provided with additional window openings which are suitable for receiving a separate glass pane. This glass pane is then aligned laterally, downwards or upwards.

Preferably, the plate structures have a thickness of at least 3 mm and a maximum of 40 mm, more preferably of at least 4 mm and not more than 35 mm, more preferably not more than 30 mm, more preferably not more than 25 mm, more preferably not more than 20 mm, more preferably from a maximum of 15 mm, more preferably of a minimum of 5 mm.

Conversely, the carrying capacity and the maximum projection depth can be increased while maintaining the tunnel wall thickness. The same reasoning is followed as above. The present component can be made self-supporting, so that it is no longer necessary to provide tension cables and / or compression struts. The projection depth in the installed state preferably amounts to a minimum of 5 cm and a maximum of 300 cm, more preferably a maximum of 200 cm, more preferably a maximum of 100 cm, further preferably a minimum of 10 cm, for example approximately 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, 60 cm, 70 cm, 80 cm, 90 cm, 100 cm or any value in between. The carrying capacity on the ground surface is preferably at least 100 kg / m ² , more preferably at least 200 kg / m ² , more preferably at least 300 kg / m ² . In an installation of the device at floor level, the floor can thereby continuously through to the internal space of the device. The component thus forms a complete extension of the interior of the building.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the plate structures are one Box connected. The box encloses the internal space of the frame. In cross-section, the box may comprise any profile, such as a square profile, a rectangular profile, a regular or irregular polygonal profile, an oval profile, a round profile, a star-shaped profile u. Ä. Optionally, the box extends tighter from the fastening end part to the window end part. Optionally, the box extends wider tapering from the mounting end portion to the window end portion. In one possible, non-limiting embodiment, the device includes a curved plate structure that is independently welded to a global box with a circular profile. The box is covered on the outside by means of an insulating jacket. Non-limiting embodiments of box-shaped frames that extend narrower and / or wider are disclosed in U.S. Pat 6A-G shown.

It is well known from profiles that for the same amount of material per meter, the flexural strength and flexural rigidity are much higher than for solid pieces. There is as much material on the outside as possible. The present invention does not include an open window frame having a plurality of composing profiles but a substantially closed frame of plate structures. However, these plate structures are independently connected to a global box, forming a global box profile. The internal space of the box section coincides with the internal space of the frame. Moreover, the same mechanism applies to this global box profile, maximizing the overall flexural strength and flexural rigidity of the component. For example, it can be used without problems a relatively heavy, three-layer glazing near the Fensterendteils. Another advantage is that the closed box ensures the structural relationship of the device. Also, the closed plate structures are considered to be an additional moisture and tensile barrier.

According to an alternative embodiment as described above, the metal plate structures are not interconnected to form a closed, box-shaped frame, but are supplemented by further tunnel walls (possibly of other materials). For example, one or more metal plate structures are supplemented with glass sheets to form a tunnel-shaped frame.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the box extends with a substantially invariant profile. In a further or alternative embodiment, the frame comprises a rectangular profile. Such frames can be produced more easily. In one possible, non-limiting embodiment, the device comprises four flat plate structures (i.e., a bottom plate, a top plate, a left side plate, and a right side plate) welded together to form a global box having a rectangular profile. The box is covered on the outside by means of an insulating jacket. In such a construction, the flexural rigidity for the downward load is determined primarily by the left and right side panels.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the plate structures are provided with one or more reinforcing struts. Preferably, these are metal ribs which extend substantially perpendicularly to the plate structure and are connected thereto in a manner mentioned above in connection with the plate structures. A plate structure having such a rib locally has greater flexural rigidity and flexural strength. A similar situation occurs with a T-profile, which can be seen as a flat piece with a reinforcing strut. More preferably, the reinforcing struts are integrally connected to the plate structure; For example, it is welded ribs and / or folded end edges. Optionally, one or more ribs are included with a T-profile (a transverse reinforcing strut), an L-profile (transverse reinforcing strut) or a U-profile (two transverse reinforcing struts) suitably attached to or along the Frame (s) is welded.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the insulating jacket extends over and along the reinforcing struts. When two or more reinforcing ribs are on the same plate structure, the insulating sheath preferably extends above and between these reinforcing ribs. As described above, it is preferable that the jacket is provided on the outside around the frame. Preferably, the ribs now extend into this insulating jacket, ie along the outside of the plate structures. As further in the description of the 5A and 5B As will be appreciated, a thermally conductive plate structure having reinforcing ribs, between / along which and over which insulating material extends, still provides good thermal insulation performance. In particular, the insulating material between / along the ribs will greatly contribute to this. This allows to maximize the insulation value with a limited tunnel wall thickness.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the reinforcing ribs comprise at least one longitudinal rib. Such longitudinal ribs extend substantially according to the longitudinal direction of the device. In a further or alternative embodiment, the reinforcing ribs comprise at least one transverse rib. Such transverse ribs extend substantially in a direction which is transverse to the longitudinal direction. A plate structure provided with a longitudinal rib / rib has a greater flexural rigidity near the reinforcing rib. Of course, alternatively or additionally, one or more reinforcing ribs may be provided which run obliquely and / or bent.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the reinforcing ribs comprise at least one circumferential rib. A circumferential rib includes one or more transverse ribs that connect to each other and run around the entire circumference of the tunnel. Preferably, at least one transverse rib is located near the window end portion. Further preferably, the transverse rib is located on the bottom plate. More preferably, the transverse rib is comprised of a circumferential rib located near the window end portion. This provides for the window end portion to be able to support relatively heavy multi-layer glazed windows, even with the use of relatively thin-walled panel structures, as these are locally reinforced with reinforcing ribs.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the insulating jacket comprises a first and a second cladding layer. The first cladding layer preferably extends along any reinforcing ribs, i. H. it rests against these ribs along at least part of its peripheral edge. When a plurality of ribs are on the same plate structure, the first coating layer preferably extends between these ribs. The second cladding layer preferably extends over the first cladding layer and the reinforcing ribs. This allows a simple production, in which it is not necessary to work out the ribs in the insulating material. Optionally, the second layer comprises a hard insulating material such as wood or a rigid foam.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the fastening end part comprises a fastening lip and / or a fastening flange. These allow a simple arrangement and attachment of the device in and / or over the building opening. The mounting flange may be a circumferential flange. The mounting lip may be a circumferential lip. Alternatively, however, local mounting flanges and / or lips may be provided only at certain locations along the circumference of the mounting end portion.

In a further or alternative embodiment, at least one of the plate structures opens at the fastening end part in a fastening lip. The fastening lip extends in the longitudinal direction in the extension of the corresponding plate structures. This allows for easy production.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the component comprises at least one fastening flange and furthermore one or more reinforcing ribs with the above-mentioned advantages. These reinforcing ribs may include an end rib.

In a further or alternative embodiment, the component further comprises an inner lining and / or an outer lining. However, this is not necessarily the case. In one possible embodiment, the interior lining comprises plasterboard panels. In one possible embodiment, the outer lining comprises sheet material made of aluminum, EPDM film and / or wood. Interior trim and exterior trim may already be pre-fabricated, which simplifies installation and finishing. Preferably, the device is a prefabricated component. Optionally, the device still includes a (separate) roof structure to improve the acoustics.

In a second aspect, the invention relates to a facade structure having a component according to the first aspect of the invention. The same characteristics can be adopted and the same examples repeated. Of course, "façade structure" can refer to a front, a back, a side gable and any other façade.

In a third aspect, the invention relates to a method of deploying a cantilevered window, the method comprising attaching a component according to the first aspect of the invention into and / or over a building opening. The same features can be adopted and the same benefits repeated.

In one possible embodiment, the component is placed from the outside in or over a shell opening, wherein the fastening end part is substantially congruent with this shell opening. The component is independent of the further construction of the facade from the supporting layer of the wall self-supporting. This allows the prefabricated component to be executed by one and the same trade. In particular, it is not necessary that a large number of tradesmen (eg the shell contractor, window setter, Carpenters and plasterers) have to coordinate their work. Unfortunately, in most prior art designs, it is not possible to use a cantilevered window when the other facade structure is not yet completely finished.

In the following, the invention will be described by way of non-limitative examples which illustrate and are not intended or to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

1A-I are schematic representations of the frame 2 for possible embodiments of the device 1 , Each of the frames shown 2 is made of a metal bottom plate 4 , a metal top plate 5 and left 6 and right 6 ' Side panels made of metal. The plates / plate structures 4 . 5 . 6 . 6 ' are integrally connected. For example, the individual plates were welded together and / or folded at right angles from a larger plate structure. In any case, the interconnected plate structures of metal 4 . 5 . 6 . 6 ' a tunnel-shaped frame 2 with a rectangular profile. They are to a certain extent connected to a box, the tunnel-shaped from an open attachment end part 7 up to an open Fensterendteil 8th extends. The plate structures 4 . 5 . 6 . 6 ' enclose an internal space like an outline 25 of the frame 2 ,

The window end part 8th one hand, is for taking a window 18 or a glass pane 17 designed, the / s in terms of the further facade structure 20 protrudes. Because the plate structure 4 . 5 . 6 . 6 ' forms a rectangular profile, it equips the component 1 from the building opening 9 with a high load capacity.

The attachment end part 7 on the other hand is for the attachment of the corresponding component 1 in and / or over a building opening 9 to form a cantilevered window 14 as shown below. These are the attachment end parts 7 for example, with mounting holes 10 (eg for fastening by means of fasteners 13 like concrete anchors). Some of the attachment end parts 7 still have a mounting lip 11 for securing the device 1 in a building opening 9 , Alternatively or in addition, a transverse mounting flange may also be used 12 for fastening over a building opening 9 be provided. In the embodiments of the 1A . 1D and 1G the plate structures open 4 . 5 . 6 . 6 ' on the fastening end part in a fastening lip 11 ; such fastening lips 11 However, they can also be located at a different height, for example, transversely on a possible mounting flange 12 (see, for example 3D ). In the 1B . 1E and 1H however, has the attachment end part 7 rather, over a transverse mounting flange 12 , Finally, both the mounting lip come 11 as well as the mounting flange 12 in the embodiments according to the 1C . 1F and 1I combined before. In the embodiments shown, the fastening lips 11 circumferential lips and mounting flanges 12 are circumferential flanges; they run along the entire circumference of the device 1 , As an alternative or moreover, however, one or more local fastening lips may be used 11 and / or -flansche 12 may be provided, for example, only near the four corners of the device 1 ,

The component 1 according to the present invention may be in any building opening 9 be attached. So it can be a wall opening 9 act, for example, a frame 2 after one of the 1A-C is used. However, it is an oblique roof opening 9 ' , as an alternative, a frame according to one of 1G-I be used. components 1 with a frame 2 after one of the 1D . 1E or 1F are mainly suitable for use in a building opening which extends partly through a wall and partly through a roof construction, also referred to herein as a wall-roof opening.

Optionally, the plate structure comprises 4 . 5 . 6 . 6 ' one or more reinforcing ribs 16 such as longitudinal ribs, transverse ribs, circumferential ribs or any combination. These are not in the 1A-I shown.

2 shows a perspective view of a building 19 with facade structures 20 according to a possible embodiment of the invention. The building includes both cantilevered windows 14 . 14 ' . 14 " as well as conventional windows 15 , Above projecting windows 14 . 14 ' . 14 " Incidentally, in wall openings 9 , in roof openings 9 ' and in wall-roof openings 9 " be used.

3A-D show lateral cross sections of facade structures 20 with a component 1 according to possible embodiments of the invention. The component 1 is placed in and / or over a shallow wall opening 9 placed, where there is a cantilevered window 14 from this wall opening 9 forms; possibly the components include 1 a frame 2 to 1A . 1B or 1C , Of course, the skilled person is capable of the components shown 1 for use in a roof opening 9 ' or wall roof opening 9 " adapt. For example, frames are made according to one of the 1D . 1E . 1F respectively 1F . 1H . 1I used.

So shows 3A a lateral cross section of a facade structure 20 that with a component 1 is equipped according to a possible embodiment. The facade structure 20 includes a multi-layered wall 21 with a wearing layer 22 (eg, an interior wall cladding), an insulating layer 23 and a facade cladding 24 (eg an exterior wall cladding). For example, the facade cladding 24 executed as masonry. If necessary, located between the facade cladding 24 and the insulating layer 23 another gap. In any case, the frame is 2 of the component 1 essentially from plate structures 4 . 5 . 6 . 6 ' built up; in the cross section shown 3A are exclusively the lower plate 4 and the top plate 5 visible, noticeable. However, in particular wear the left 6 and the right ones 6 ' Side plates essential to the flexural rigidity of the device 1 at a downward load at.

At the attachment end part 7 the frame ends 2 in a mounting flange 12 , This is from the outside over a wall opening 9 against the load-bearing layer 22 the wall 21 arranged. About fasteners 13 through appropriate mounting holes 10 is the mounting flange 12 at this wearing layer 22 attached. The component 1 (just like the frame 2 ) forms a tunnel-shaped passage 25 from the open attachment end part 7 to the open Fensterendteil 8th where the internal space 25 by means of a window 18 with glass panes 17 is completed. The internal space 25 of the component 1 forms a clear extension of the interior 27 , He stands opposite the further façade structure 20 forth; In particular, in this context, the so-called projection depth 26 noted, which can typically be a few inches to several tens of centimeters. In the installed state of the device 1 can the projecting depth 26 as the distance between the outer surface of the facade cladding 24 and the outer surface of the glass sheet 17 To be defined.

Regarding the thermal insulation becomes the frame 2 like an outline of an insulating coat 3 enclosed. The construction is such that the insulating jacket 3 to the insulating layer 23 the wall 21 connects and that this from the insulating layer 23 along the frame 2 as far as the thermally insulating window itself 18 with glass pane 17 enough; if necessary, it is a two- or three-layer glass pane 17 , The window, on the other hand, is made of, for example, PVC or thermally broken aluminum, as known to those skilled in the art. Just like the interior 27 about the internal space 25 of the component 1 to the cantilevered window 14 protrudes (a) the thermal insulation from the wall insulation 23 and over the insulating coat 3 of the component 1 to the window 18 with glass pane 17 out and also (b) the load-bearing structure sticks out from the load-bearing layer 22 the wall 21 and over the frame 2 to the window 18 out. Such a layered structure causes the device 1 at the same time has a high load capacity and is thermally insulating.

Finally, the window end part 8th still with a reinforcing rib 16 equipped, preferably a circumferential rib. This allows a better anchoring of the window frame 18 for example, by sticking to it. In addition, this increases the flexural rigidity of the plate material, in particular the lower plate 4 near the window frame 18 , This is important in supporting relatively heavy, multi-layer glazed panes. The insulating jacket 3 extends over and along this (r) reinforcing rib 16 , Furthermore, the interior 27 and the inside of the device 1 with a continuous layer of plaster 28 executed. This was only after the onset of the device 1 applied. Along the outside is the component 10 optionally with a moisture-proof and tension-tight outer lining 30 Mistake. These are, for example, plate material made of aluminum or EPDM film. Optionally, there are still sealants 31 like a sealing joint 31 ' and / or a sealing film 31 " (eg an EPDM film). In the embodiment shown, the outer lining runs 30 in the left direction almost to the mounting flange 12 by. If the outer lining 30 However, if aluminum plate material is included, this may not be the case, so that cold bridges are avoided. For example, the outer lining runs 30 then in the left direction only until just behind the facade cladding 24 as is the case in 3B is.

Seen from the front side of the window side covers the outer lining 30 the window frame 18 essentially completely off. This contributes to the moisture and tensile density and the linear appearance of the device 1 at.

The structure of the frame 2 allows the device 1 from the wearing layer 22 the wall 21 free to wear. This allows easy attachment of the above-mentioned sealing foils 31 " , In particular, the device can 1 already installed in a shell before the insulating layer 23 and the facade cladding 24 be attached.

3B shows a facade structure 20 with a component 1 according to another embodiment. This time is the wall opening 9 by means of a reinforcing beam or frame 32 , z. B. steel or reinforced concrete reinforced. This will ensure that the bearing layer 22 the wall 21 is strong enough to the component 1 to support. Near the attachment end part 7 has the frame 2 both over a mounting lip 11 as well as a mounting flange 12 , with the / the component 1 on the reinforcement frame 32 is attached. Furthermore, the lower plate 4 with a variety of transverse ribs 16 fitted; the cross rib 16 ' the window end part is surrounded by a circumferential rib 16 ' with essentially the same function as in 3A includes. Now includes the insulating jacket 3 a first cladding layer 3 ' extending along and / or between the reinforcing ribs 16 . 16 ' extends, and a second cladding layer 3 ' extending over the first cladding layer 3 ' and over the reinforcing ribs 16 . 16 ' extends and covers them. This specific construction allows the device 1 thin-walled and strong and thermally insulating perform. Optionally, the second cladding layer comprises 3 ' a relatively hard material, such as a wood panel or a foam board, so that this layer further strength of the device 1 contributes. Perhaps the different layers are joined together (eg with glue and / or screws), which further increases the strength.

Finally, the device has 1 in the present embodiment still has its own interior trim 29 ; For example, it is a plasterboard. Preferably, such an inner lining 29 already prefabricated available. After inserting the device 1 can the plaster layer 28 of the interior 27 to this inner lining 29 be applied. The glass pane 17 is preferably separated with the device 1 delivered. For ease of installation, the window reveal may be 18 ' already in the prefabricated component 1 are located.

3C shows a further lateral cross section of a component 1 in a facade structure 20 according to a possible embodiment. This time the device is located 1 at ground level 33 , wherein it by means of a fastening lip 11 on a survey 34 from the actual supporting floor 35 is attached. Optionally, the device 1 already prefabricated with an inner lining 29 equipped, ie along the side walls and the top wall. Preferably, while the sub-wall was released, so that the ground 36 uninterrupted into the component 1 can be pulled through. The component 1 offers a complete extension of the interior 27 , Halfway is the frame 2 possibly still with a circumferential rib 16 equipped for reinforcement. At the window end part 8th the frame ends 2 in addition, in a circumferential rib 16 ' comprising four end ribs forming an end flange. A hard but insulating material (eg wood or hard foam) can be attached to it with screws and / or glue. This allows the window reveal 18 be enclosed laterally within the hard material.

3D shows a further embodiment of a facade structure 20 where the ground 36 turn into the internal space 25 that by the component 1 is formed, runs. This time the frame has 2 not over transverse ribs 16 or circumferential ribs 16 for reinforcement. Optionally, however, one or more longitudinal ribs are provided which are not shown (since they are not in the area of the cross section shown). Below is the attachment end part 7 with a fixing lip 11 Mistake; However, this does not extend to the extension of the lower plate 4 ,

4A-B show frontal cross sections of components 1 according to possible embodiments of the invention. The component 1 to 4A includes a tunnel-shaped frame 2 with a lower plate 4 , a top plate 5 , a left side plate 6 and a right one 6 ' Side plate. On the outside has the frame 2 still over reinforcing ribs 16 extending along the corner edges and across the bottom plate 4 extend. For example, the different plates 4 . 5 . 6 . 6 ' and reinforcing ribs 16 welded together. At the level of the longitudinal ribs 16 is the frame 2 strengthened locally. The longitudinal ribs 16 ensure a greater bending stiffness of the frame 2 as is the case with a standing leg of a T-profile. Between, along and over the reinforcing ribs is still an insulating jacket 3 that the frame 2 like an outline between its end parts 7 . 8th dressed. The insulating coat 3 includes a first cladding layer 3 ' extending along and between the reinforcing ribs 16 extends, and a second cladding layer 3 ' extending over the first cladding layer 3 ' and the reinforcing ribs 16 extends. The component 1 further includes an interior trim 29 and an outer lining 30 For example, as described above. The component 1 to 4B however, does not include longitudinal ribs 16 in the area of the cross section shown. The insulating coat 3 is executed here in a single layer.

Of course, mixed forms of 3 and 4 used in combinations of one or more longitudinal ribs, transverse ribs and / or circumferential ribs occur.

5A and 5B show detail cross sections of a component 1 with tunnel-shaped frame 2 , where the frame 2 each of a window frame of metal boxes 37 (open frame) and interconnected, ribbed plate structures made of metal 4 / 16 (closed frame) is constructed. In both embodiments, the internal space is located 25 of the component 1 at the top in the cross section shown; there is an interior lining 29 , Furthermore, both are frames 2 directly with an insulating jacket 3 dressed. From there extends a first cladding layer 3 ' between and along the boxes / reinforcing ribs 37 / 16 , A second cladding layer 3 ' covers both this first cladding layer 3 ' as well as the intermediate boxes / reinforcing ribs 37 / 16 from. The second cladding layer 3 ' in turn, through an outer lining 30 covered.

An important disadvantage of the window frame made of boxes 37 to 5A is that this is not the entire inner surface of the device 1 supported. If the interior trim 29 is not sufficiently strong (eg gypsum board), this can be between the boxes 7 just be pressed in. Another disadvantage is that the boxes 37 both the inside (top) and the outside (bottom) have a relatively large heat transfer surface. In between there are also two transverse box walls that transport heat well between both surfaces. It is also not obvious, the boxes 37 thermally isolate from the inside. As a result, there is a great risk for cold bridges at the height of the box profiles 37 , The thermal resistance of the intervening pieces of the first cladding layer 3 ' is largely bridged so that mainly the second cladding layer 3 ' responsible for the thermal insulation. This second cladding layer 3 ' would have to be thicker. Another disadvantage is that an open box frame is not a moisture and zugdichten degree in case of failure of the outer lining 30 offers.

The ribbed plate structure 4 / 16 however, it provides support equal to the entire interior surface of the device 1 , In addition, the reinforcing ribs increase 16 the bending stiffness of the plate structure 4 on the same principle as a standing leg of a T-profile. The structures after 5A and 5B thus have almost the same strength with the same thickness. The ribbed plate structure 4 / 16 provides much smaller heat transfer surfaces (actually rather heat transfer margins) on the outside (bottom). This can make heat much more difficult through the second cladding layer 3 ' through to the reinforcing ribs. The first cladding layer 3 ' So still contributes greatly to the overall thermal resistance of the device 1 at. This greatly reduces the risk of cold spots developing at about the same thickness and strength. The insulation value is therefore also the use of a ribbed plate structure 4 / 16 higher. The person skilled in the art is in a position to strike a suitable balance between the wall thickness, the strength and the thermal insulation value of the component 1 hold true.

6A-G show a series of schematic cross sections of facade structures 20 according to possible embodiments of the invention. These can be horizontal cross sections as well as vertical cross sections.

The facade structure 20 each contains a component 1 , The component 1 includes a tunnel-shaped frame 2 that has an internal space 25 encloses. The frame 2 contains a fastening end part 7 and a window end part 8th , The attachment end part 7 is for mounting the device 1 in and / or over a building opening 9 in a wall 21 suitable. The window end part 8th has means for receiving a glass pane 17 ,

In 6A the frame extends 2 from the attachment end part 7 to the window end part 8th symmetrically wider expiring. In 6B the frame extends 2 from the attachment end part 7 to the window end part 8th symmetrically narrower. In 6C however, the frame extends 2 with a constant cross-section, but at an angle to the wall 21 , The longitudinal direction of the frame 2 So closes an angle to the surface of the wall 21 one. The attachment end part 7 and the window end part 8th run parallel to the wall 21 ; they are no longer perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the building element 1 , In 6D the frame extends 2 wider, but no longer symmetrical. The wall part shown on the left extends perpendicular to the wall 21 , while the wall part shown on the right in relation to the wall 21 it runs obliquely, taking the internal space 25 of the component 1 widened. In 6E the frame extends 2 asymmetrically narrower, according to the situation in 6D , 6F shows a frame 2 which is still between two open end parts 7 . 8th extends tunnel-shaped. A wall of the frame 2 shows a jump inside (also: "jump"). Also 6G shows a frame 2 , the tunnel-shaped from an attachment end part 7 up to a window end part 8th extends. The open window end part 8th has an additional structure formed inside. For example, this last structure is made by means of three individual glass panes 17 . 17 ' . 17 " educated.

7 finally shows a schematic cross section of a facade structure 20 and a component 1 according to yet another possible embodiment, also according to the present invention.

It can be both a horizontal cross section and a vertical cross section. The component 1 includes a tunnel-shaped frame 2 that has an internal space 25 encloses. The frame 2 extends wider tapered between a mounting end 7 (for fastening the component 1 in a building opening 9 ) and a Fensterendteil 8th (for holding two glass panes 17 . 17 ' ). In contrast to the embodiments according to 3A-D the end pieces run 7 . 8th not here mainly in a "plane".

Rather, the fastening end part 7 worked out according to an angle inside, while the window end part 8th protrudes angularly. Such a device 1 is, for example, at the height of a corner in a building 19 Installed. Optionally, the Fensterendteil is suitable 8th for holding two individual glass panes 17 . 17 ' , The shown component 1 makes it possible to install a projecting window on the corner of a building.

1.

Bauelement

2.

Rahmen

3.

Mantel

4.

Unterplatte

5.

Oberplatte

6.

Seitenplatte

7.

Befestigungsendteil

8.

Fensterendteil

9.

Gebäudeöffnung

10.

Befestigungsloch

11.

Befestigungslippe

12.

Befestigungsflansch

13.

Befestigungsmittel

14.

Auskragendes Fenster

15.

Herkömmliches Fenster

16.

Verstärkungsrippe

17.

Glasscheibe

18.

Fenster

19.

Gebäude

20.

Fassadenstruktur

21.

Mauer

22.

Tragende Schicht

23.

Isolierschicht

24.

Fassadenverkleidung

25.

Interner Raum

26.

Auskragungstiefe

27.

Innenraum

28.

Putzschicht

29.

Innenverkleidung

30.

Außenverkleidung

31.

Dichtungsmittel

32.

Verstärkungsrahmen

33.

Bodenniveau

34.

Erhebung

35.

Tragender Boden

36.

Boden

37.

Kasten

The numbered elements in the figures are:

1.

module

Second

frame

Third

coat

4th

lower plate

5th

top plate

6th

side plate

7th

Mounting leg

8th.

Fensterendteil

9th

building opening

10th

mounting hole

11th

fixing lip

12th

mounting flange

13th

fastener

14th

Projecting window

15th

Conventional window

16th

reinforcing rib

17th

pane

18th

window

19th

building

20th

Fassadenstruktur

21st

Wall

22nd

Wearing layer

23rd

insulating

24th

cladding

25th

Internal room

26th

Auskragungstiefe

27th

inner space

28th

Rendering

29th

interior panelling

30th

Siding

31st

sealant

32nd

reinforcing frame

33rd

ground level

34th

survey

35th

Carrying ground

36th

ground

37th

box

It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and that simple adaptations to or modifications of the described examples and figures can be made without having to re-evaluate the appended claims.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2006042178 A1 [0003]
• US 5400557 A [0004]
• US 2005246978 A1 [0005]

Claims (14)

A structural member (1) for forming a cantilevered window (14), the structural member (1) comprising a tunnel-shaped frame (2) enclosing an internal space (25) and having open end portions (7, 8), a first end portion (7) of the frame (2) is an attachment end portion (7) adapted to secure the component (1) in and / or over a building opening (9), and wherein a second end portion (8) of the frame (2) Window end part (8) designed to receive a window (18), the component (1) further comprising an insulating jacket (3) enclosing the frame (2), characterized in that the frame (2 ) has one or more interconnected metal plate structures (4, 5, 6, 6 '). Component (1) according to the above Claim 1 , characterized in that the plate structures (4, 5, 6, 6 ') are connected to a box. Component (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 1 and 2 , characterized in that the frame (2) has a rectangular profile. Component (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the plate structures (4, 5, 6, 6 ') have one or more reinforcing ribs (16). Component (1) according to the preceding claim (4), characterized in that the insulating jacket (3) extends over and along the reinforcing ribs (16). Component (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 4 and 5 , characterized in that the reinforcing ribs (16) comprise at least one longitudinal rib. Component (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 4 to 6 , characterized in that the reinforcing ribs (16) comprise at least one circumferential rib. Component (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 4 to 7 , characterized in that the insulating jacket (3) comprises a first (3 ') and a second (3 ") cladding layer. Component (1) according to the above Claim 8 characterized in that the first cladding layer (3 ') extends along the reinforcing ribs (16) and that the second cladding layer (3 ") extends over the reinforcing ribs (16). Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening end part (7) has a fastening flange (12). Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening end part (7) comprises a fastening lip (11). Component (1) according to the above Claim 11 , characterized in that the plate structure (4, 5, 6, 6 ') opens at the fastening end part (7) in a fastening lip (11). Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises an inner lining (29) and / or an outer lining (30). Facade structure (20), which facade structure (20) via a component (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 13 features.

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