DE202018104615U1 - Luminaire with variable light output - Google Patents

Abstract

Luminaire (1) with a housing (2) and lamps (20) arranged in the housing (2), the housing (2) having a light exit opening (5) for emitting the light generated by the lamps (20), characterized in that that the lamp (1) has a gray filter (10) which is designed and pivoted such that it essentially completely covers the light outlet opening (5) of the lamp housing (2) in a pivoting position.

Description

The present invention relates to a lamp according to the preamble of claim 1, which has a housing and lamps arranged in the housing, the housing having a light exit opening for emitting the light generated by the lamps and a change or adaptation of the light output of the lamp is desired , The lamp can in particular be a so-called wallwasher.

Luminaires that are arranged on the ceiling of a room or suspended from a ceiling in an upper area of a room are predominantly designed in such a way that they cause symmetrical light emission to the underside. Primarily, therefore, the light is emitted vertically downwards, with the light distribution with respect to this center being able to be stretched in one direction, for example, but symmetry with respect to this center. An exception to this are, for example, spotlights or spots which are oriented in a specific direction of preferred light emission and are used to illuminate certain areas of a room or objects located in the room.

Another type of luminaire in which asymmetrical light emission is provided are so-called wallwashers. These are luminaires that are usually arranged on the ceiling of a room, but are not intended to illuminate the floor area of the room below, but primarily serve to illuminate a vertically aligned wall located diagonally below the luminaire. Wall washers of this type are usually designed as recessed or surface-mounted luminaires. They then have a generally horizontally oriented light exit opening, although optical elements positioned within the luminaire housing are designed such that the light is emitted asymmetrically downwards via the light exit opening. Because of their special light emission characteristics, wallwashers of this type are used very frequently in museums, for example, since they can be used to illuminate objects on a wall, for example pictures or the like, very efficiently.

In particular, in the application example of a museum just described, it can often happen that the lighting of a wall needs to be adjusted. This can be the case, for example, when an image on a wall is replaced by a new one which has different dimensions, for example a different height. In this case, it would be advantageous if there was the possibility to adjust the light distribution over the height of the wall at least to a certain extent. On the other hand, in certain situations it may also be desirable to change the total amount of light directed onto the wall. This case can occur, for example, when the object to be illuminated is replaced by a new one, which changes in terms of its surface properties and / or its color in such a way that overall a reduction or increase in the amount of light directed at the object is desired.

A change in the total amount of light can be implemented electronically in modern luminaires. However, particularly in museums or comparable fields of application where high-quality lighting is sought, electronic adjustment of the light output has not always proven to be advantageous. The reason for this is that when the light sources, which are now predominantly in the form of LEDs, are dimmed, a slight flickering can often occur. This may be barely perceptible to the human eye, but it does have a negative impact on the lighting situation.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a luminaire in which the light output can be adapted in the manner described above, without the electronic output being influenced primarily for this purpose.

The object is achieved by a lamp which has the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The solution according to the invention is based on the idea of influencing the light output of the luminaire in a classic manner using a so-called “gray filter”, that is to say using a filter which uniformly influences all wavelengths of visible light. According to the invention, the gray filter is designed and pivoted such that it essentially completely covers the light exit opening of the lamp housing in a pivoting position. Because, at the same time, there is the possibility of swiveling the gray filter out of the position covering the light exit opening - as explained in detail below - not only influence the total amount of light emitted, but also the geometric light distribution.

According to the invention, therefore, a lamp with a housing and light sources arranged in the housing is proposed, the housing having a light exit opening for emitting the light from the Has illuminants generated light, and wherein the lamp has a gray filter, which is designed and pivoted such that it covers the light outlet opening of the lamp housing substantially completely in a pivoting position.

The gray filter is preferably pivotably mounted on an edge region of the light exit opening, the shape of the gray filter preferably corresponding approximately to the shape of the light exit opening. In this case, the light exit opening preferably defines a plane with a perpendicular thereto, the luminaire being designed in such a way that it emits light asymmetrically with respect to this vertical. In particular, a preferred direction can be provided for the light emission, a pivot axis for the gray filter then being formed on that side of the light exit opening which corresponds to the preferred direction for the light emission. The pivot axis of the gray filter is in particular formed parallel to the plane of the light exit opening, preferably in the plane of the light exit opening, and particularly preferably oriented perpendicular to the preferred direction of light emission.

According to a variant according to the invention, the gray filter can be made homogeneous. As an alternative to this, however, there is also the possibility of using a gray filter that has a gradually changing filter thickness. In particular, it can be provided that the filter thickness decreases continuously starting from a region near the pivot axis.

The lamp can in particular be a so-called wallwasher. However, the invention is not limited to such a type of luminaire. Even with a luminaire that emits symmetrical light - e.g. According to the present invention, a pivotable gray filter could be provided on the light exit opening of the lamp housing.

In the event that the luminaire is a wallwasher, the illuminants are preferably formed by LEDs, which are arranged in such a way that the main emission direction is oriented away from the light emission opening of the luminaire, in particular the LEDs preferably essentially in one plane lie parallel to the plane of the light outlet opening. The luminaire then has suitable reflector means which deflect the light from the LEDs for emission via the light exit opening. These reflector means can have a first, diffusely reflecting reflector and a second, mirrored reflector, which together span the LEDs and the light exit opening of the lamp in a dome-like manner. In this case, the first reflector is arranged on a side of the LEDs facing away from the light exit opening and is preferably flat. The second reflector, on the other hand, is preferably curved in cross section, preferably parabolic, and extends from an edge region of the first reflector to an edge region of the light exit opening facing away from the LEDs. The light output can also be optimized by a second, translucent diffuser which extends from a region between the LEDs and the light exit opening to the transition between the first and the second reflector.

• 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in perspektivischer Ansicht;
• 2 eine Schnittdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte;
• 3 und 4 die erfindungsgemäße von 1 mit verschiedenen Schwenkstellungen des Graufilters;
• 5a bis 9b Darstellungen eines Querschnitts der Leuchte bei verschiedenen Schwenkstellungen des Graufilters sowie der sich hierbei jeweils ergebenden Lichtverteilung; und
• 10 eine Leuchte gemäß dem Stand der Technik.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it:

• 1 an embodiment of a lamp according to the invention in perspective view;
• 2 a sectional view of the lamp according to the invention;
• 3 and 4 the invention of 1 with different swivel positions of the gray filter;
• 5a to 9b Representations of a cross section of the lamp at different swivel positions of the gray filter and the light distribution resulting in each case; and
• 10 a lamp according to the prior art.

The concept according to the invention is explained below using a wall washer. As already mentioned, the idea of using a swiveling gray filter can also be used for other types of luminaires. In this regard, there is no restriction of the inventive concept.

The in 1 with the reference symbol 1 Wallwasher provided according to the invention largely corresponds to an in 10 shown, known from the prior art wallwasher 101 , Both lights 1 . 101 have an approximately cuboid housing 2 respectively 102 on, which in the case shown is designed for ceiling mounting, but could also be implemented in the same way as a suspended lamp, but in particular also as a recessed ceiling lamp. Inside the case 2 . 102 there are components for light generation and light influencing described in more detail below, the light ultimately via one on the underside 3 respectively. 103 of the housing 2 . 102 provided light exit opening 5 . 105 is delivered. In 1 is this light exit opening 5 not immediately recognizable, since it is due to the gray filter according to the invention, which is described in more detail below 10 is covered. The Light opening 5 . 105 can be designed slightly trapezoidal in accordance with the representations. However, this is not absolutely necessary and other forms can also be provided. Ultimately, the shape of the light outlet opening 5 . 105 at least to a certain extent the light distribution or the shape of the illuminated area can also be influenced.

Primarily, however, the distribution of the emitted light is first of all made within the luminaire housing 2 . 102 components for light emission and light influencing. These should be based on the sectional view of 2 are explained in more detail. A sectional view of the lamp is shown here 1 of 1 , the gray filter is not shown in this representation. This sectional view thus also corresponds to a section through the lamp known from the prior art 101 according to 10 ,

LEDs come as light sources 20 used in the longitudinal direction of the lamp housing 2 , that is to say arranged one behind the other perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The LEDs are on a carrier element, for example an LED circuit board 21 positioned that is parallel to the plane e the light exit opening 5 is aligned, but slightly higher than this level E within the luminaire housing 2 is positioned. The LEDs 20 are on the top of the LED board 21 positioned so that the main emission direction H upwards and thus from the light exit opening 5 the lamp 1 points away. This alignment of the LEDs 20 has the consequence that the light emitted by the LEDs is influenced by at least one of the optical elements described below. In this way, on the one hand, the light output can be better adjusted in terms of its direction in the desired manner, and at the same time there is a better mixture of the LEDs 20 emitted light achieved so that overall a more homogeneous light output is obtained.

So that from the LEDs 20 emitted light, which is primarily emitted upwards, at the bottom 3 of the housing 2 provided light exit opening 5 can leave, at least a reflection of the light is required. For this are in the light shown 1 two reflectors responsible, on the one hand a first reflector 22 , as well as a second reflector 23 , Overall, both reflectors form 22 and 23 a dome-like structure that the LEDs 20 and the light exit opening 5 spans. The first reflector 22 extends from one long side of the LED board 21 flat or straight to the top of the case 2 out. It is oriented slightly inclined so that its lower end is aligned with the light exit opening 5 opposite side of the LEDs 20 the upper end, however, almost in the middle above the LEDs 20 is positioned.

This first reflector 22 consists preferably of a diffusely reflective material and can accordingly be provided, for example, with a highly reflective white coating which causes the scattering. With the help of this first reflector 22 the LEDs in particular 20 into one of the light exit opening 5 Direction of light emitted reflected back, the inclination shown 22 leads to a certain proportion of the light deliberately sloping to the side above the light outlet opening 5b is emitted in order to achieve the asymmetrical light emission characteristic of a wallwasher.

Adjacent to the first reflector 22 is the second reflector 23 intended. This is curved in cross section, for example parabolic, and extends to the side of the light exit opening 5 downward. According to the illustration, light rays are directed onto this parabolic reflector 23 fall, deflected in such a way that they are primarily released downwards. The second reflector 23 is accordingly in contrast to the diffusely reflecting reflector 22 mirrored design, since here no strong scattering of light, but a pure reflection is preferred, which enables better control of the light distribution.

Finally, the light output of the lamp 1 optimized by the fact that a translucent diffuser 24 is provided. This, in turn, is inclined and extends from an area between the LEDs 20 and the light exit opening 5 up to the area where the transition from the first reflector 22 to the second reflector 23 takes place. The scatter of this diffuser 24 causes light that is not on the first reflector 22 hits and is scattered by this, despite everything experiences a scatter before it hits the second reflector 23 falls. As a result, this light is also scattered or made uniform in such a way that the LEDs are emitted in the light emitted towards the bottom 20 can no longer be perceived as individual light sources.

Overall, this results in the 2 recognizable light emission, which is typical for a wallwasher. This means that the light is emitted through the light outlet 5 emitted obliquely downwards, the preferred direction V or the direction in which the center of the light emission lies overall, with the perpendicular, that of the normal to the plane E of the light exit opening 5 corresponds to an angle α.

The design of the optical components just described, with the help of which for the Wallwasher typical asymmetrical light emission has been proven. In spite of everything, the use of these components is only to be regarded as exemplary and the invention can of course also be used in combination with other optical systems. In particular, as already explained, it is not absolutely necessary for asymmetrical light emission to be present at all.

It can also be seen that in the case of the 1 and 2 explained embodiment of the angle α by the design of the optical components, that is, for example, by the inclination of the first reflector 22 as well as the curvature of the second reflector 23 can be influenced. After completion of the luminaire, however, these components can no longer be changed - or only with great effort - so that in the case of previously known solutions, the light emission characteristic could no longer be changed for the end user or customer.

With the help of the present invention, the possibility is now opened, the light emission characteristic of the lamp 1 overall to some degree.

This is done according to the invention with the help of a gray filter 10 enables that in the lower area of the lamp housing 2 arranged and pivotally mounted. Such a gray filter, which is also referred to as a neutral density filter (ND filter), is usually used in photography and is screwed or inserted in front of the lens of a camera in order to achieve a uniform darkening in the image. A gray filter is characterized by the fact that it is colored neutral gray so that the color rendering is not falsified. Accordingly, it influences all wavelengths - at least visible light - in the same way.

According to the present invention it is now provided that the gray filter 10 pivotable on the lamp housing 2 is arranged, the pivot axis S (please refer 3 ) in the plane of the light exit opening 5 lies and perpendicular to the preferred direction V the light output of the lamp 1 is aligned. In particular, it is provided in the present case that the pivot axis S on that side of the light exit opening 5 is provided in the direction of the asymmetrical light output of the wall washer 1 he follows. This opens up the possibility of starting from the in 1 shown closed position, the gray filter 10 out of the plane e the light exit opening 5 swing out. The 3 and 4 show further possible swivel positions for the gray filter 10 , whereby the possibility of pivoting could be restricted to a certain angular range. However, it should preferably be possible to use the filter 10 to be pivoted so far that there is almost no influence on the light emission in an end position. Ideally, there is the possibility of using the filter 10 to pivot almost up to 180 degrees.

The shape of the gray filter 10 should preferably be the shape of the light exit opening 5 correspond in such a way that in the 1 shown closed position this opening 5 completely through the filter 10 is covered. Ideally, the shape of the gray filter corresponds 10 exactly the shape of the light outlet opening 5 and the pivotable mounting is designed such that when the gray filter is closed 10 the light exit opening 5 flush with the bottom 3 of the lamp housing closes. Storage of the gray filter is also conceivable 10 , in which a manual pivoting is provided, as well as an embodiment in which the pivoting can be carried out by means of an electric drive.

The effect of the gray filter should be based on the 5 to 9 are explained. The figures show sectional views of the lamp 1 and the resulting beam of light on the one hand and on the other at an angle below the lamp 1 located wall achieved light distribution. The situation for different pivoting positions of the filter is shown here 10 , so that it can be seen in what way by pivoting the filter 10 Influence on the light output can be exerted.

The 5a and 5b first show a situation like that in 2 is shown. This corresponds to the case that there is no gray filter at all 10 is provided or this way from the light exit opening 5 was swung out that he was the light output of the lamp 1 no longer influenced. In this case it becomes purely through the optical elements 22 to 24 produced light emission characteristic, which produces a light distribution on the wall, as in 5b is shown. The curve I in the left area of 5b in this case represents the light intensity as a function of the height, while the upper curve II shows the change in brightness in a direction perpendicular to it. In the 5b As already mentioned, the curves shown are typical for a classic wallwasher.

The others 6 to 9 show the corresponding beam profiles and light distributions in the event that the gray filter 10 increasingly in the direction of the light outlet opening 5 the lamp 1 is pivoted.

The 6a and 6b show the situation for an angle β of 120 degrees, whereby it can be seen that in this position the gray filter 10 especially affects the light emitted laterally at very flat angles. As it darkens, this leads to a significant reduction in brightness, especially in the upper area of the wall. This can be seen in particular in the step-like course of the left curve I in 6b ,

Will the gray filter 10 now increasingly in the direction of the light exit opening 5 pivoted, it results from the 7 (β = 90 °) and 8 (β = 60 °) recognizable light influence. Here too, the light that is emitted at steeper angles, that is to say increasingly downwards, is increasing through the gray filter 10 affected. This means that the overall brightness is reduced overall, but the relative maximum of the lighting moves increasingly upwards.

Is then like in 9a respectively. 9b shown the gray filter 10 in the closed position (β = 0 °) and thus covers the light exit opening 5 the lamp 1 completely, the curve shape corresponds I . II the light output in turn the course as it in 5b is shown. The light distribution itself is no longer influenced, but the total amount of light is reduced overall.

Overall, the use of the swiveling gray filter opens up the possibility of influencing the total amount of light on the one hand and influencing the light distribution characteristic on the other.

It should be noted that the example shown was explained using a homogeneous gray filter, which therefore has the same filter thickness over its entire surface. Here too, however, it would be conceivable to make changes or modifications. Filters whose filter strength gradually increases or decreases in a certain direction would also be conceivable. In particular, for the illustrated example of a wall washer, it would also be appropriate to design the filter in such a way that it has a greater filter thickness in the region of the pivot axis S than at the end opposite the pivot axis. As a result, the light emitted at very flat angles can be influenced even more efficiently.

Claims (16)

Luminaire (1) with a housing (2) and lamps (20) arranged in the housing (2), the housing (2) having a light exit opening (5) for emitting the light generated by the lamps (20), characterized in that that the lamp (1) has a gray filter (10) which is designed and pivoted such that it essentially completely covers the light outlet opening (5) of the lamp housing (2) in a pivoting position. Afterglow Claim 1 , characterized in that the gray filter (10) is pivotally mounted on an edge region of the light exit opening (5), the shape of the gray filter (10) preferably corresponding to the shape of the light exit opening (5). Afterglow Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the light exit opening (5) defines a plane (E) with a perpendicular thereto, the light (1) causing an asymmetrical light emission with respect to this vertical. Afterglow Claim 3 , characterized in that the lamp (1) emits light in a preferred direction (V), a pivot axis (S) for the gray filter (10) being formed on that side of the light exit opening (5) which is the preferred direction (V) of the Light emission corresponds. Afterglow Claim 4 , characterized in that the pivot axis (S) of the gray filter (10) is parallel to the plane (E) of the light outlet opening (5), preferably in the plane (E) of the light outlet opening (5). Afterglow Claim 5 , characterized in that the pivot axis (S) of the gray filter (10) is substantially perpendicular to the preferred direction (V) of the light emission. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gray filter (10) is made substantially homogeneous. Light up according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the gray filter (10) has a gradually changing filter thickness. Afterglow Claim 8 , characterized in that the filter strength decreases continuously from a region near the pivot axis (S). Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a wallwasher. Afterglow Claim 10 , characterized in that the illuminants (20) are formed by LEDs, which are arranged such that the main emission direction (H) of the LEDs is oriented in a directional manner from the light emission opening (5), wherein the LEDs lie essentially in one plane (E) parallel to the plane of the light exit opening (5). Luminaire according to claim Claim 11 , characterized in that the light (1) has reflector means which deflect the light from the LEDs for emission via the light exit opening (5). Afterglow Claim 12 , characterized in that the reflector means have a first, diffusely reflecting reflector (22) and a second, mirrored reflector (23) which together span the LEDs and the light exit opening (5) in a dome-like manner. Afterglow Claim 13 , characterized in that the first reflector (22) is arranged on a side of the LEDs facing away from the light exit opening (5), the first reflector (22) preferably being flat. Afterglow Claim 13 or 14 , characterized in that the second reflector (23) is curved in cross section, preferably parabolic, and extends from an edge region of the first reflector (22) to an edge region of the light exit opening (5) facing away from the LEDs. Afterglow Claim 15 , characterized in that it also has a translucent diffuser (24) which extends from a region between the LEDs and the light exit opening (5) to the transition between the first and the second reflector (22, 23).

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