DE202017103795U1 - Shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

A fall arrester for braking a falling person with at least one strap (3) having a first end (5) and a second end (6), said at least one strap (3) between its first end (5) and its second end (6) in at least one loop (2) is folded in such a way that in the region (1) of the loop (2) a part (8) of the band (3) and another part (9) of the band (3) abut each other, the band ( 3) is made of highly modular polyethylene, and in the region (1) of the loop (2) one part (8) and the other part (9) with a polyester bond (12) are torn together.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a shock absorber for braking a falling person with at least one band having a first end and a second end, wherein the at least one band between its first end and its second end in at least one loop is so folded that in the region of the loop a Part of the band and another part of the band abut each other.

Background of the invention

For braking a falling person, in particular a falling person, a climber, a mountaineer or Fassadenkletterers, various braking systems are known in the prior art, such as dynamic brakes, which reduce the falling speed of the falling person by elastic stretching of a rope or spring element. Static braking reduces the rate of fall by forcing friction of inextensible or slightly stretchy ropes or straps on perforated plates or buckles. In alternatively used Aufreißbremsen the impact energy is reduced by tearing a connection in the brake system.

However, the disadvantage of such dynamic brakes, which are also known as shock absorbers, is the package size and the weight. Especially when climbing, mountaineering and facade climbing the weight of the braking system plays a crucial role. Despite this need for lighter weight and pack size, which has existed for several years and decades, no progress can be seen in the development of textile shock absorbers, although new materials are constantly being developed and used in mountaineering and climbing. On the other hand, a reliable function of a fall arrester to reduce the fall rate is indispensable, as occurring in a fall accelerations at the cervical and thoracic spine injuries such as whiplash, spinal and fracture fractures can cause. In the worst case, internal accellerations and Decellerationsverletzungen such as contusions of the internal organs can occur, which can even be fatal.

Description of the invention

Based on this situation, it is an object of the present invention to provide a shock absorber which is much more compact and lighter compared to the known from the prior art shock absorbers, but can still safely slow down a falling person.

The object is achieved by the features of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

Accordingly, the object is achieved by a shock absorber for braking a falling person with at least one band having a first end and a second end, wherein the at least one band between its first end and its second end in at least one loop is folded such that in the area the strap abut one part of the strap and another part of the strap, the strap is made of highly modular polyethylene, and in the region of the strap one part and the other part are connected with a polyester bond so that they can be torn open.

An essential point of the invention is that the band is made of highly modular polyethylene, English high-modulus polyethylene or abbreviated HMPE. High modulus polyethylene tapes are known in the art and are used, for example, as tape loops. However, the use of highly modular polyethylene is often limited. High-modulus polyethylene tape loops can tear through knots. In addition, bands of highly modular polyethylene are generally not suitable to pass a so-called impact under standardized test conditions. When decelerating a falling person, kinetic energy is absorbed by stretching a rope securing the person. The energy is transmitted as a force on the rope as a so-called impact. In other words, the impact force is the jolt the person is subjected to when decelerating the fall through the rope.

Surprisingly, it has been found that a band fall damper consists of a band of highly modular polyethylene, which is folded together in at least one loop and its parts in the loop by a polyester bond as a so-called brake seam, the so-called impact test under standardized test conditions safely exists. The braking of the falling person is done by separating the aforementioned brake seam, so that the previously merged in the loop band can unfold. In other words, tearing open the polyester-bonded parts of highly modular polyethylene results in controlled force reduction and thus deceleration of the falling person. Due to the design of highly modular polyethylene, the shock absorber is characterized due to a very small package size with very low weight.

Preferably, the strip has a length of ≥ 4 m and ≦ 5 m between its first end and second end, wherein one part and the other part are each> 2 m and <2.5 m long and, in particular, continuously and along this length / or are connected to each other throughout. In the area of the loop, a tearing length of> 2 m and <2.5 m long, in particular 2.2 m, is formed, along which, in the event of a fall, the two parts of the loop are torn open in order to decelerate the person. Accordingly, the range preferably extends over> 2 m and <2.5 m. Preferably, the band fall damper on a plurality of loops. The band is preferably folded together in a plurality of loops, wherein the individual loops can in turn be torn together, for example with a further polyester bond.

According to a preferred development, the band consists of highly modular polyethylene, in particular of a highly modular polyethylene fiber, and / or the polyester bond consists of polyester and / or a thread. In other words, it is preferred that the band is 100% high modulus polyethylene and / or the polyester 100% polyester. Alternatively, the band may consist of ≥ 75%, ≥ 50% or ≥ 25% high modulus polyethylene, wherein a further portion, in particular the remaining portion, polyester and / or polyamide or consists of polyester and / or polyamide. As a highly modular polyethylene in the context of the invention, in particular the known under the trademark Dyneema understood, preferably a synthetic synthetic fiber based on ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and / or having a molecular mass in the range between 3.5 and 7.5 million amu u. Preferably, the highly modular polyethylene has a tensile strength value of 3 to 4 GPa and 3000 to 4000 N / mm ^2, respectively.

According to another preferred development, the strip, in particular one or each fiber of the strip, has a fineness of ≥ 1500/1 dtex and ≦ 2000/1 dtex, in particular 1760/1 dtex, and / or the polyester bond has a fineness of ≥ 250 / 1 dtex and ≤ 750/1 dtex, especially 550/1 dtex. The fineness can after DIN EN ISO 2060 or after DIN 53 830, part 3 to be determined. Such a fineness has proven to be particularly advantageous in order to obtain a reliable shock absorber with extremely high strength, which safely decelerates at drop heights of 2.4 or 5 m persons of 120 kg, even in the wet.

In principle, the band can have any width and / or thickness. According to a particularly preferred development, however, it is provided that the strip has a width of ≥ 20 mm and ≦ 30 mm, in particular 25 mm, and / or a thickness of ≥ 2 mm and ≦ 4 mm, in particular 3 mm. With such a thickness, on the one hand, a reliable shock absorber can be obtained, which, however, has a lower weight and a smaller pack size compared to the band fall arresters known from the prior art with the same functionality.

According to a preferred development, in the region of the loop, an inner band of one part and an inner band of the other part in particular touching each other, the polyester bond connects only the two inner bands einbindend each other, the polyester bond connects only outer bands of the two parts integrally with each other or connects the polyester bond to one the two inner bands and the other outer bands of the two parts einbindend each other and / or the two inner bands and outer bands of the two parts by means of a continuous "VW" binding are connected to each other and in particular sewn together.

The inner bands and / or the outer bands preferably each have warp threads, wherein the polyester weave binds in the respective warp threads, for example, around each warp thread in particular. Preferably, a first polyester bond connects the two inner bands and a second polyester bond, the two outer bands of the two parts integrally with each other. By a particular continuous "VW" binding is controlled by an alternate configuration with V-bond and W-bond by height and length of the respective stages of force reduction in the event of a fall controlled.

There are basically different possibilities for connecting the two parts to the polyester bond. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, in the region of the loop, the polyester bond and the band are connected to one another by means of a plain weave according to the bonding formula L 1/1. In addition, other types of bonding with other bonding formulas are possible.

In this context, it is provided according to a preferred development that in the region of the loop an inner band of one part and an inner band of the other part abut each other and the polyester bond connects the two inner bands and outer bands of the two parts by plain weave according to the binding formula L 1/1 , By such a bond can be achieved that the shock absorber in the case of a Falling down in a safe and reliable manner along the brake seam in order to decelerate the person secured with the shock absorber in a controlled manner.

According to another preferred development, in the region of the loop, one part and the other part are sewn together, glued and / or interwoven and / or contact each other in the region of the entire loop, one part and the other part touching each other. Preferably, the two parts along the entire loop and / or along the entire area sewn together, glued and / or interwoven.

In a further preferred embodiment, two bands are provided, wherein the first end of the first band is connected to the second end of the second band and the first end of the second band is connected to the second end of the first band. Preferably, the first end of the first band to the second end of the second band and the first end of the second band to the second end of the first band are each inextricably linked, in particular fixed sewn together, so that a respective loop is formed.

In this context, it is provided according to a preferred development that the two bands are twisted at their second ends with respect to their first ends by half a turn and the direction of rotation is selected in each case so that when completely tearing the loop an untwisted, parallel arrangement of the bands established. The twisting of the tapes ensures easy tearing during a fall.

According to yet another preferred embodiment, the first end of the first band and the second end of the second band are connected to an eyelet and / or a sling for connection to the person and / or are the first end of the second band and the second end of the first Bandes connected with a carabiner for connecting to a fuse point. At the eyelet and / or the sling also a carabiner may be provided to connect the shock absorber with a harness of the person to be secured. Further, at the first end of the second band and the second end of the first band, a Y-connection means may be provided with respective carabiners.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to preferred embodiments.

Show it

1 a portion of a loop of a strip attenuator according to preferred embodiments of the invention in three sectional views, and

2 a further strip fall damper according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in a perspective view.

Detailed Description of the Embodiments

1 shows an area 1 a loop 2 a Bandfalldämpfers for braking a falling person according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in a schematic sectional view in three different embodiments.

The shock absorber has a band 3 on which is between a first end 4 and a second end 5 extends. The ribbon 3 , in 1 are single warp threads 4 of the band 3 is shown between his first end 5 and his second end 6 in the loop 2 merged, indicated by a dashed line 7 , In the area 1 the loop 2 lies a part 8th of the band 3 and another part 9 of the band 3 touching each other.

The ribbon 4 is from an inner band 10 and an outer band 11 designed so that in the field 1 the respective inner bands 10 of the one part 8th and the other part 9 abut each other and through the respective outer bands 11 are enclosed. While 1 only a single loop 2 shows, the band can 3 in a plurality of touching loops 2 be merged.

The ribbon 3 It consists of 100% highly modular polyethylene with a fineness of 1760/1 dtex, specifically made of high-modulus polyethylene, HMPE, also known under the brand name Dyneema, and has a width of 25 mm with a thickness of 3 mm. By design of the band 3 HMPE is a loop pack of the shock absorber packable in a particularly small and lightweight textile bag.

In the complete area 1 the loop 2 is one part 8th and the other part 9 by means of a polyester bond 12 sewn together tearfully. In addition, the two parts 8th . 9 glued together and / or interwoven. The polyester bond 12 consists of 100% of a polyester thread with the fineness 550/1 dtex, which in so-called plain weave to the binding type L 1/1, the two parts 8th . 9 tearfully interconnects.

1a shows a first embodiment in which the polyester bond 12 only the outer bands 11 the two parts 8th . 9 binding together, so only to the warp threads 4 the outer bands 11 is guided around.

1b shows a second embodiment in which the polyester bond 12 only the two inner bands 10 binding together, so only to the warp threads 4 the inner bands 10 is guided around.

1c shows a third embodiment, which is a combination of in 1a and 1b shown embodiments and in the two polyester bonds 12 are provided. One of the polyester bonds 12 connects the warp threads 4 the two inner bands 10 and the other of the polyester bonds 12 connects the warp threads 4 the two outer bands 11 ,

In the embodiments shown, the polyester bond connects 12 the two inner bands 10 or outer bands 11 each by means of a plain weave to the binding type L 1/1 with each other. Alternatively, not shown, the two inner bands 10 and the outer bands 11 the two parts 8th . 9 be connected or sewn together by means of a continuous "VW" binding.

2 shows a further embodiment, in which the shock absorber strip two bands 3 having. The first end 5 of the first volume 3 is with the second end 6 of the second volume 6 and the first end 5 of the second volume 3 is with the second end 6 of the first volume 3 connected. The two bands 3 are at their second ends 6 opposite to their first ends 5 each twisted by half a turn, the direction of rotation is chosen in each case so that when completely tearing the loop 2 an untwisted, parallel arrangement of the bands 3 established. In the area 1 the loop 2 the two bands are as previously described by means of the polyester bond 12 connected with each other.

As further out 2 It can be seen that these are the first end 5 of the first volume 3 and the second end 6 of the second volume 3 with an eyelet 13 to connect with the person. The first end 5 of the second volume 3 and the second end 6 of the first volume 3 are with two carbines 14 connected to fuse-points for connection.

The person secured with the shock absorber carries a safety harness on which the first end 5 the shock absorber is attached via another carabiner. The second end 6 the shock absorber is for example by a Y-connection means on the carabiner 14 can be connected to the securing fixed point or the like.

In the event of a fall of the secured with the shock absorber, after a short stretch of free fall kinetic energy acts on the shock absorber, so that the polyester bond 12 between the two parts 8th . 9 rips and gets it in the loop 2 folded band 3 between its two ends 5 . 6 unfolded. When the shock absorber is fully deployed, the remaining kinetic energy is released through the band 3 himself and the body of the fallen person absorbed. As a result, the risk of injury is reduced, since the impact is damped by the shock absorber.

The exemplary embodiments described are merely examples which can be modified and / or supplemented in many ways within the scope of the claims. Each feature described for a particular embodiment may be used alone or in combination with other features in any other embodiment. Each feature described for one embodiment of a particular category may also be similarly employed in an embodiment of another category.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Area

2

loop

3

tape

4

warp

5

First end

6

Second end

7

line

8th

A part

9

Other part

10

sweatband

11

outer band

12

polyester bond

13

eyelet

14

carbine

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN EN ISO 2060 [0011]
• DIN 53 830, Part 3 [0011]

Claims (11)

Bandfall damper for braking a falling person with at least one band ( 3 ) with a first end ( 5 ) and a second end ( 6 ), the at least one band ( 3 ) between its first end ( 5 ) and its second end ( 6 ) in at least one loop ( 2 ) is merged in such a way that in the area ( 1 ) of the loop ( 2 ) a part ( 8th ) of the band ( 3 ) and another part ( 9 ) of the band ( 3 ) abut each other, the band ( 3 ) is made of highly modular polyethylene, and in the area ( 1 ) of the loop ( 2 ) one part ( 8th ) and the other part ( 9 ) with a polyester bond ( 12 ) Are torn together. Band damper according to the preceding claim, wherein the band ( 3 ) consists of highly modular polyethylene, in particular of a highly modular polyethylene fiber, and / or the polyester bond ( 12 ) consists of polyester and / or a thread. Band damper according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the band ( 3 ) a fineness of ≥ 1500/1 dtex and ≦ 2000/1 dtex, in particular 1760/1 dtex, and / or the polyester bond ( 12 ) has a fineness of ≥ 250/1 dtex and ≤ 750/1 dtex, in particular 550/1 dtex. Band damper according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the band ( 3 ) has a width of ≥ 20 mm and ≤ 30 mm, in particular 25 mm, and / or a thickness of ≥ 2 mm and ≤ 4 mm, in particular 3 mm. Band damper according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the area ( 1 ) of the loop ( 2 ) an inner band ( 10 ) of the one part ( 8th ) and an inner band ( 10 ) of the other part ( 9 ) abut one another, the polyester bond ( 12 ) only the two inner bands ( 10 ) binds together, the polyester bond ( 12 ) only outer bands ( 12 ) of the two parts ( 8th . 9 ) binds together or the polyester bond ( 12 ) on the one hand, the two inner bands ( 10 ) and on the other hand outer bands ( 12 ) of the two parts ( 8th . 9 ) einbindend connecting and / or the two inner bands ( 10 ) and outer bands ( 12 ) of the two parts are connected to each other by means of a continuous "VW" binding. Band damper according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the area ( 1 ) of the loop ( 2 ) the polyester bond ( 12 ) and the band ( 3 ) are connected together by means of a plain weave according to the binding formula L 1/1. Band damper according to the preceding claim, wherein in the range ( 1 ) of the loop ( 2 ) an inner band ( 10 ) of the one part ( 8th ) and an inner band ( 10 ) of the other part ( 9 ) abut one another, the polyester bond ( 12 ) the two inner bands ( 10 ) and outer bands ( 11 ) of the two parts by means of plain weave according to the binding formula L 1/1 interconnects. Band damper according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the area ( 1 ) of the loop ( 2 ) one part ( 8th ) and the other part ( 9 ) are sewn together, glued and / or interwoven and / or in the area ( 1 ) of the entire loop ( 2 ) one part ( 8th ) and the other part ( 9 ) contact touching each other. Band damper according to one of the preceding claims with two bands ( 3 ), the first end ( 5 ) of the first volume ( 3 ) with the second end ( 6 ) of the second volume ( 3 ) and the first end ( 5 ) of the second volume ( 3 ) with the second end ( 6 ) of the first volume ( 3 ) connected is. Band damper according to the preceding claim, wherein the two bands ( 3 ) at their second ends ( 6 ) opposite to their first ends ( 5 ) are twisted by half a turn and the direction of rotation is chosen in each case so that when fully tearing the loop ( 2 ) an untwisted, parallel arrangement of the bands ( 3 ). Band damper according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the first end ( 5 ) of the first volume ( 3 ) and the second end ( 6 ) of the second volume ( 3 ) with an eyelet ( 13 ) and / or a sling for connection to the person are connected and / or the first end ( 5 ) of the second volume ( 3 ) and the second end ( 6 ) of the first volume ( 3 ) with a carabiner ( 14 ) are connected for connection to a fuse-fix point.

Images