DE202014101757U1 - Burning insert for lintel burners - Google Patents

Abstract

Burning insert for a fall-burning furnace, wherein the fall-burning furnace has a fuel shaft with a grate (12) for holding solid fuels, in particular wood fuels, and a combustion chamber located underneath, in which the air gases and fire input generated by a primary air duct and combustible gas generated in the fuel shaft are combustible, which combustion chamber has an outlet opening for the hot exhaust gases, and wherein: - the fuel insert has a fuel gas inlet area (14) which is arranged under the grate (12) of the fuel shaft of the lintel furnace, - the fuel gas, starting from the grate (12), the fuel insert from Flows through downwards and the fuel gas inlet area (14) has a section (16) on the underside that reduces the cross section, and a swirl chamber (18) adjoins this section (16), which has an outwardly curved side wall (20) and a vertical one opposite Has wall section (22) which in one curved wall section (36) merges, - the section (16) reducing the cross section is formed by two mutually facing surfaces (24, 26), the lower surface (24) of which is connected to the vertical wall section (22) and openings (28) which are connected to a secondary air duct (30) via supply lines (32) and are oriented in such a way that, in interaction with the curved side wall (20), a cyclone movement of the fuel gases introduced is generated and the gases burn, - below the swirl chamber (18) an exit area (34) for the flames and the exhaust gases of the combustion gases burned in the swirl chamber (18) connects, which has an increasing cross-section starting from the swirl chamber (18) and is connected to an upwardly directed heat exchanger of the lint kiln.

Description

The present invention relates to a burning insert for tumble stoves, wherein a tumble kiln having a fuel shaft with a grate for receiving solid fuel and a combustion chamber in which the fuel gas produced by a primary air duct and air entry fuel combustion gases are combustible, wherein the combustion chamber has an outlet opening for the having hot exhaust gases.

AT 394775 B discloses a special boiler for solid fuel, wherein as Brenneinsatz an upwardly at least substantially closed vortex chamber is provided with a horizontally arranged fuel gas collecting duct, which opens via an inlet nozzle in the swirl chamber, in which the fuel gases in a cyclone movement and at least one nozzle arrangement with Secondary air to be fed. The fuel gases are introduced laterally into the vortex chamber and the flames and the resulting heat are removed upwards.

At the in AT 394775 B disclosed special boiler is disclosed a side burning process. The fuel gases are passed from a nozzle, which is designed as a nozzle-shaped narrowed inlet opening, and then guided into the separately mounted vortex chamber. A disadvantage of the AT 394775 B The devices disclosed are the separate design of the components as well as the combustion values resulting from the side burning process with regard to pollutants and emissions.

The object of the present invention is therefore to specify a firing insert for a tumble-kiln, the use of which remedies the disadvantages of the prior art and provides significantly improved combustion in terms of pollutants and emissions, and indicates improved guidance of the combustion gases.

The object is achieved by an insert with the technical features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims in detail.

• – der Brenneinsatz einen Brenngas-Eintrittsbereich aufweist, der unter dem Rost des Brennstoffschachts des Sturzbrandofens angeordnet ist,
• – das Brenngas ausgehend von dem Rost den Brenneinsatz von oben nach unten durchströmt und der Brenngas-Eintrittsbereich untenseitig einen den Querschnitt verkleinernden Abschnitt aufweist und sich an diesem Abschnitt eine Wirbelkammer anschließt, die eine nach außen gewölbte Seitenwand und gegenüberliegend einen senkrechten Wandabschnitt aufweist, der in einen gebogenen Wandabschnitt übergeht,
• – der den Querschnitt verkleinernde Abschnitt durch zwei aufeinander zu gewandte Flächen gebildet ist, deren untere Fläche mit dem senkrechten Wandabschnitt verbunden ist und Öffnungen aufweist, die mit einem Sekundärluftkanal über Zufuhrleitungen verbunden und derart ausgerichtet sind, dass im Zusammenspiel mit der gewölbten Seitenwand eine Zyklonbewegung der eingeführten Brenngase erzeugt wird und die Gase verbrennen,
• – sich unterhalb der Wirbelkammer ein Austrittsbereich für die Flammen und die Abgase der in der Wirbelkammer verbrannten Brenngase anschließt, der ausgehend von der Wirbelkammer einen sich vergrößernden Querschnitt aufweist und mit einem nach oben gerichteten Wärmetauscher des Sturzbrandofens verbunden ist.

An inventive firing insert for a tumble kiln, wherein the tumble kiln has a fuel shaft with a grate for receiving solid fuels, especially wood fuels, also has an underlying combustion chamber in which the supplied by a primary air duct air and fuel entry generated by firing fuel gases are combustible which combustion chamber has an outlet for the hot exhaust gases, and wherein:

• The firing insert has a fuel gas inlet region, which is arranged under the grate of the fuel shaft of the tumble-fire furnace,
• - The fuel gas from the grate flows through the combustion insert from top to bottom and the fuel gas inlet region has a cross-section reducing section bottom and connects to this section a vortex chamber having an outwardly curved side wall and opposite a vertical wall portion which in goes over a curved wall section,
• The portion reducing the cross-section is formed by two mutually facing surfaces, the lower surface of which is connected to the vertical wall portion and has openings which are connected to a secondary air channel via supply lines and aligned such that in conjunction with the curved side wall a cyclone movement of the introduced combustion gases is generated and the gases burn,
• - Below the vortex chamber, an exit region for the flames and the exhaust gases of the combustion gases burned in the vortex chamber followed, which starting from the vortex chamber has a magnifying cross-section and is connected to an upward heat exchanger of the tumble kiln.

In the present invention, the swirl chamber is a part of the nozzle (fuel gas inlet portion with the cross-section reducing portion). This ensures well-controlled and low-emission combustion in a small space. The insert can therefore also be used for room ovens or small kettles. In addition, there is a significantly improved combustion than is achieved in known from the prior art ovens or inserts. In the use according to the invention, the fuel gases are passed via the grate and the fuel gas inlet region down into the vortex chamber. The fuel gas inlet region causes an acceleration of the incoming fuel gases over the cross section reducing section. The lower surface of this section with the openings introduces secondary air from a secondary air channel via the supply lines (venturi nozzles) into the vortex chamber. The arrangement of the openings below the edge formed by the two surfaces in the cross-section reducing section in the lower surface supports the generation of the cyclone movement. At the edge of the fuel gases are deflected in a certain direction. The inflowing air from the lower surface supports this movement. The over the secondary air duct supplied air and the fuel gases are deflected at the curved side wall and on the opposite curved wall portion below the vertical wall portion also deflected again. In this case, there is a mixing and burning of the fuel gases, wherein the exhaust gases are discharged down over the outlet area. The flames are also partially discharged via the outlet area and heat the heat exchanger. The supply pipes (venturi nozzles) supply fresh air as a function of the amount of the incoming fuel gases via the fuel gas inlet region. In the burning insert thereby the mixing is controlled automatically. Furthermore, in the region of the curved wall section, a negative pressure region sets in, whereby the inflow of the gases and the mixing (cyclone movement) are assisted. The negative pressure range results constructively from the design of the firing insert. The negative pressure range results here from the section reducing the cross-section with the edge, the inclined surfaces, the curved side wall, the vertical wall portion and the curved wall portion.

The mixture of fuel gas and fresh air is heated due to the rotation in the vortex chamber, making the mixture more reactive and ausoxidiert in a small space. This results in low-emission and low-emission combustion.

The flow of the fuel gases and the air supplied is also due to the normal chimney draft from the grate on the insert to the exit area and a connected fireplace.

The fuel gas inlet region may have a rectangular cross section. In particular, the insert has rectangular cross-sections in its planes, starting from the grate to the exit region.

The curved wall section may also have openings which are connected to a recirculation channel via supply lines or open directly. Due to the rotation of the combustion gases, some of the combustion gases are recirculated via the recirculation channels. This reduces the excess air and the flame kernel temperature. On the one hand, this leads to an increase in the firing efficiency on the other to a reduction of the nitrogen oxide content in the flue gas.

The secondary air channel and / or the recirculation channel may run parallel to and spaced from the firing insert in the horizontal direction to the firing insert. This ensures a uniform supply of air over the length of the secondary air channel and / or the recirculation channel, since the openings are horizontal in a plane.

The supply of fuel gas may be controllable. The control can be done via an air damper, wherein depending on the position of the air damper, the fuel gas flows through the chimney train variable the combustion insert.

The grate may have a metal rod extending centrally over the horizontal longitudinal axis of the fuel gas inlet region. The metal rod is heated during operation of the tumble kiln and gives off its heat to the fuel gases flowing through it, whereby the fuel gases are preheated.

The metal rod may have a diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm, wherein the metal rod may be made of stainless steel and in particular has a diameter of substantially 20 mm. It has been found that in such an embodiment, an optimal preheating of the fuel gases in view of the combustion taking place in the vortex chamber and minimizing pollutants are achieved.

The secondary air in the secondary air channel may be preheatable, for which purpose the secondary air channel runs inside the firing insert, wherein the firebox adjoins the outlet region and / or is part of the outlet region.

The walls of the firing insert may consist of a metal and / or fireclay bricks. This achieves storage of the heat, which serves to deliver the heat to the fuel gases and the fresh air and to use the heat for other facilities.

The firing insert and / or a firebox may be surrounded by water-bearing walls, whereby a heat exchange takes place.

The supply of secondary air via the secondary air duct can additionally be controlled via a fresh air flap.

Due to its simple design, the insert can be used differently than known inserts of the prior art over its entire width, for example, front side in a tumble kiln. Furthermore, the insert has small dimensions, so that the insert is also suitable for smaller lint kilns. Due to its design, the inventive fuel insert nevertheless achieves a significantly better mixing and combustion of fuel gases with fresh air compared to prior art fuel cartridges.

Further advantageous embodiments and features of the invention will become apparent from the The following description of the figures of non-limiting embodiments to be understood.

In the drawings shows 1 a schematic view of an insert in a perspective view.

1 shows a burning insert 10 for fall fire stoves. The tumble kiln has a fuel shaft with a grate 12 on, on the grate solid fuels, especially wood fuels are stored. These are ignited so that fuel gases from the fuel chute (in 1 not shown) in the fuel gas inlet region 14 reach. This is due to the natural chimney draft, as the fuel gases can escape only through a fireplace, in addition to the burning insert 10 arranged and over the exit area 34 with the fuel gas inlet area 14 connected is.

The rust 12 is a metal rod 44 , preferably consisting of a precious metal with a diameter of substantially 20 mm. The metal bar 44 may not have bearing surfaces, which laterally in the direction of the walls 48 and 50 the fuel gas inlet area 14 extend. In the fuel shaft, a fire entry takes place, so that the fuels start to glow and the metal rod 44 is heated. The on the metal rod 44 Passing fuel gases are through the metal rod 44 further heated. In the fuel gas inlet area 14 turns a fuel gas flow 60 one. The fuel gases flow down here and become on the surface 26 partially diverted. The surfaces 24 and 26 also form a section 16 , which is the cross section of the fuel gas inlet area 14 reduced. In addition, there is an acceleration of the incoming fuel gases. The area 24 has openings 28 on that over supply lines 32 (Venturi nozzles) with a secondary air channel 30 are connected. Via the secondary air duct 30 Fresh air is supplied via other means and facilities from outside the tumble kiln and due to the chimney draft in the vortex chamber 18 brought in. In the secondary air duct 30 there is a secondary air flow 56 as indicated by the arrows. Due to the distraction of the fuel gases on the surface 26 and because of the over the opening 28 penetrating fresh air arises in the vortex chamber 18 an eddy current 62 one. This eddy current 62 is further supported by being below a wall 22 a wall section 36 is arranged, which is also executed bent. In this area, there is a negative pressure area during operation of the tumble-fire kiln 66 one. The vacuum area 66 advantageously supports the cyclone movement in the vortex chamber 18 and supports the influx of gases. The curved version of the wall section 36 supports the diversion of the mixture of fuel gases and fresh air. Furthermore, the wall section 36 openings 38 on that over supply lines 42 with a recirculation channel 40 are connected. The supply lines 42 serve as recirculation nozzles and support the cyclone movement in the vortex chamber 18 ,

About the recirculation channel 40 there is a recirculation flow 58 , where flue gases through the supply lines 42 and the openings 38 in the vortex chamber 18 be introduced. The arrangement of the openings 38 hereby supports the rotation of the eddy current 62 , That via the recirculation channel 40 introduced flue gas is supplied from the lower combustion chamber.

In the vortex chamber 18 a mixing of the fuel gases and the flue gas, via the secondary air channel 30 and the recirculation channel 40 be supplied. Further, in the vortex chamber 18 a combustion of this mixture. The resulting exhaust gases are over an exit area 34 issued due to the natural chimney draft. The exhaust gas flow 64 follows after the exit area 34 the design of the channels of the tumble kiln. At the in 1 illustrated embodiment is right next to the secondary air duct 30 and the recirculation channel 40 arranged a heat exchanger which emits the resulting heat, for example via a fluid system to other devices. According to the exhaust gas flow 64 protrude in the vortex chamber 18 caused by the combustion flames down and are partially deflected.

Preferably located below the exit area 34 a firebox with a floor of firebricks. The burning insert 10 is preferably made of metal, cast iron or fireclay bricks. It can be seen that in this case also a heating of the secondary air in the secondary air channel 30 results.

The walls 46 . 48 and 50 as well as the side wall 20 , the areas 24 and 26 , Wall 22 and wall section 36 consist of either metal, cast iron or fireclay bricks. The deflection of the flames and the exhaust gas flow 64 takes place due to the chimney draft, in which in 1 illustrated embodiment of the exit area 34 and the fireplace over one below the firing insert 10 arranged firebox and a shaft to the chimney, next to the firing insert 10 is arranged, are connected.

For controlling the fuel gas flow 60 a flap can be provided. Depending on the position of the flap, the chimney draft will pass over the burner insert 10 and set the manhole to the fireplace. The larger this chimney draft, the larger are also the over the secondary air duct 30 supplied amount of fresh air and over the recirculation 40 supplied amount of flue gas. That is, more fuel gases are entering the vortex chamber 18 introduced, so the required fresh air automatically increases.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

burning application

12

rust

14

Fuel gas inlet area

16

section

18

swirl chamber

20

Side wall

22

wall

24

area

26

area

28

opening

30

Secondary air duct

32

supply line

34

exit area

36

wall section

38

opening

40

recirculation

42

supply line

44

metal rod

46

wall

48

wall

50

wall

52

opening

54

opening

56

Secondary air flow

58

recirculation

60

Fuel gas stream

62

eddy current

64

exhaust gas flow

66

Under pressure range

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• AT 394775 B [0002, 0003, 0003]

Claims (12)

Firing insert for a torrential kiln, wherein the torrential kiln a fuel shaft with a grate ( 12 ) for receiving solid fuels, in particular wood fuels, and a combustion chamber located below it, in which the fuel gases generated by a primary air duct and fuel entry in the fuel shaft combustion gases are combustible, which combustion chamber has an outlet opening for the hot exhaust gases, and wherein: - the burning insert a Fuel gas inlet area ( 14 ), which under the grate ( 12 ) is disposed of the fuel shaft of the tumble kiln, - the fuel gas from the grate ( 12 ) flows through the firing insert from top to bottom and the fuel gas inlet area ( 14 ) at the bottom a section which reduces the cross section ( 16 ) and to this section ( 16 ) a vortex chamber ( 18 ), which has an outwardly curved side wall ( 20 ) and opposite a vertical wall section ( 22 ), which in a curved wall section ( 36 ), - the section reducing the cross-section ( 16 ) by two mutually facing surfaces ( 24 . 26 ) whose lower surface ( 24 ) with the vertical wall section ( 22 ) and openings ( 28 ) having a secondary air channel ( 30 ) via supply lines ( 32 ) and aligned in such a way that in interaction with the curved side wall ( 20 ) a cyclone movement of the introduced fuel gases is generated and the gases burn, - below the vortex chamber ( 18 ) an exit area ( 34 ) for the flames and exhaust gases in the vortex chamber ( 18 ) burnt fuel gases, which starting from the vortex chamber ( 18 ) has a magnifying cross section and is connected to an upwardly directed heat exchanger of the tumble kiln. Firing insert according to claim 1, wherein the fuel gas inlet region ( 14 ) has a rectangular cross-section. Firing insert according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the curved wall section ( 36 ) Openings ( 38 ), which with a recirculation channel ( 40 ) via supply lines ( 42 ) are connected or open directly. Firing insert according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the secondary air channel ( 30 ) and / or the recirculation channel ( 40 ) parallel and spaced from the firing insert ( 10 ) in the horizontal direction to the firing insert ( 10 ). Firing insert according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the supply of fuel gas is controllable. Firing insert according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the grate ( 12 ) one centered on the horizontal longitudinal axis of the fuel gas inlet area ( 14 ) extending metal rod ( 44 ) having. Firing insert according to claim 6, wherein the metal rod ( 44 ) has a diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm. Firing insert according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the metal rod ( 44 ) is made of stainless steel and has a diameter of substantially 20 mm. Firing insert according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the secondary air in the secondary air channel ( 30 ) is preheatable, wherein for this purpose the secondary air duct ( 30 ) runs within the firing insert. Firing insert according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the walls and the bottom of the firing insert ( 10 ) consist of a metal and / or fireclay bricks. Firing insert according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the firing insert ( 10 ) and / or a firebox surrounded by water-bearing walls. Firing insert according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the supply of secondary air via the secondary air channel ( 30 ) is controllable via a fresh air flap.

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