DE102015105547B4 - Burning insert for tumble kilns and tumble kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

A firing insert for a tumble kiln, the tumble kiln (92) having a fuel chute (110) with a grate (12) for receiving solid fuels, especially wood fuels, and a combustion chamber thereunder in which the air supplied through a primary air channel and fire entry into the fuel chute are produced Combustion gases are combustible, which combustion chamber has an outlet opening for the hot exhaust gases, and wherein: - the combustion insert has a fuel gas inlet region (14) which is arranged under the grate (12) of the fuel shaft (110) of the tumble kiln (92), the fuel gas from the grate (12) flows through the combustion insert from top to bottom and the fuel gas inlet region (14) at the bottom has a cross-section reducing section (16) and at this section (16) connects a vortex chamber (18) an outwardly curved side wall (20) and opposite a vertical wall section (22) has, which merges into a curved wall portion (36), - the cross-section reducing portion (16) by two mutually facing surfaces (24, 26) is formed, the lower surface (24) with the vertical wall portion (22) is connected and openings (28) connected to a secondary air channel (30) via supply lines (32) and oriented such that, in cooperation with the curved side wall (20), cyclonic movement of the introduced fuel gases is generated and the gases burn, - below the vortex chamber (18) adjoins an outlet region (34) for the flames and the exhaust gases of the combustion gases burned in the vortex chamber (18), which starting from the vortex chamber (18) has an enlarging cross section and with an upwardly directed heat exchanger of the tumble kiln ( 92) is connected.

Description

The present invention relates to a burning insert for tumble stoves and a tumble kiln, wherein the tumble kiln has a fuel shaft with a grate for receiving solid fuel and a combustion chamber in which the supplied by a primary air duct air and fire entry in the fuel shaft combustion gases are combustible, the combustion chamber a Has outlet for the hot exhaust gases.

AT 394775 B discloses a special boiler for solid fuel, wherein as Brenneinsatz an upwardly at least substantially closed vortex chamber is provided with a horizontally arranged fuel gas collecting duct, which opens via an inlet nozzle in the swirl chamber, in which the fuel gases in a cyclone movement and at least one nozzle arrangement with Secondary air to be fed. The fuel gases are introduced laterally into the vortex chamber and the flames and the resulting heat are removed upwards.

At the in AT 394775 B disclosed special boiler is disclosed a side burning process. The fuel gases are passed from a nozzle, which is designed as a nozzle-shaped narrowed inlet opening, and then guided into the separately mounted vortex chamber. A disadvantage of the AT 394775 B The devices disclosed are the separate design of the components as well as the combustion values resulting from the side burning process with regard to pollutants and emissions.

The DE 10 2006 009 335 A1 discloses a boiler consisting of an upper, a primary air supply having fuel-filling space, under which an externally accessible Aschfallsammelraum with flue gas outlet is arranged. Between the two rooms an intermediate floor is arranged. In the intermediate floor is provided with adjustable secondary air supply and leading to the ash collection chamber gasification and combustion zone. Furthermore, a burnout channel is provided with a lateral opening. Also the AT 400 180 B discloses a solid fuel-fired underfire boiler with an exhaust fan, wherein also here the exit area for flames and exhaust gases is arranged laterally and the exhaust gases are discharged via a Saugzuggebläse upwards. This lateral discharge of the exhaust gases proves to be disadvantageous, as a result of which the combustion process is not efficient enough.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a burning insert for tumble kiln and a tumble kiln, the disadvantages of the prior art are eliminated and provides a significantly improved combustion in terms of pollutants and emissions and improved management of the fuel gases is achieved.

The object is achieved by an insert with the technical features specified in claim 1 and by a tumble kiln with the features specified in claim 5. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims in detail.

• – der Brenneinsatz einen Brenngas-Eintrittsbereich aufweist, der unter dem Rost des Brennstoffschachts des Sturzbrandofens angeordnet ist,
• – das Brenngas ausgehend von dem Rost den Brenneinsatz von oben nach unten durchströmt und der Brenngas-Eintrittsbereich untenseitig einen den Querschnitt verkleinernden Abschnitt aufweist und sich an diesem Abschnitt eine Wirbelkammer anschließt, die eine nach außen gewölbte Seitenwand und gegenüberliegend einen senkrechten Wandabschnitt aufweist, der in einen gebogenen Wandabschnitt übergeht,
• – der den Querschnitt verkleinernde Abschnitt durch zwei aufeinander zu gewandte Flächen gebildet ist, deren untere Fläche mit dem senkrechten Wandabschnitt verbunden ist und Öffnungen aufweist, die mit einem Sekundärluftkanal über Zufuhrleitungen verbunden und derart ausgerichtet sind, dass im Zusammenspiel mit der gewölbten Seitenwand eine Zyklonbewegung der eingeführten Brenngase erzeugt wird und die Gase verbrennen,
• – sich unterhalb der Wirbelkammer ein Austrittsbereich für die Flammen und die Abgase der in der Wirbelkammer verbrannten Brenngase anschließt, der ausgehend von der Wirbelkammer einen sich vergrößernden Querschnitt aufweist und mit einem nach oben gerichteten Wärmetauscher des Sturzbrandofens verbunden ist.

An inventive firing insert for a tumble kiln, wherein the tumble kiln has a fuel shaft with a grate for receiving solid fuels, especially wood fuels, also has an underlying combustion chamber, in which the supplied through a primary air duct air and fuel entry generated by firing fuel gases are combustible which combustion chamber has an outlet for the hot exhaust gases, and wherein:

• The firing insert has a fuel gas inlet region, which is arranged under the grate of the fuel shaft of the tumble-fire furnace,
• - The fuel gas from the grate flows through the combustion insert from top to bottom and the fuel gas inlet region has a cross-section reducing section bottom and connects to this section a vortex chamber having an outwardly curved side wall and opposite a vertical wall portion which in goes over a curved wall section,
• The portion reducing the cross-section is formed by two mutually facing surfaces, the lower surface of which is connected to the vertical wall portion and has openings which are connected to a secondary air duct via supply lines and aligned such that in conjunction with the curved side wall a cyclone movement of the introduced combustion gases is generated and the gases burn,
• - Below the vortex chamber, an exit region for the flames and the exhaust gases of the combustion gases burned in the vortex chamber followed, which starting from the vortex chamber has a magnifying cross-section and is connected to an upward heat exchanger of the tumble kiln.

In the present invention, the swirl chamber is a part of the nozzle (fuel gas inlet portion with the cross-section reducing portion). This ensures well-controlled and low-emission combustion in a small space. The insert can therefore also be used for room ovens or small kettles. In addition, there is a significantly improved combustion than it is achieved in known from the prior art ovens or inserts. In the use according to the invention, the fuel gases are passed via the grate and the fuel gas inlet region down into the vortex chamber. The fuel gas inlet region causes an acceleration of the incoming fuel gases over the cross section reducing section. The lower surface of this section with the openings introduces secondary air from a secondary air channel via the supply lines (venturi nozzles) into the vortex chamber. The arrangement of the openings below the edge formed by the two surfaces in the cross-section reducing section in the lower surface supports the generation of the cyclone movement. At the edge of the fuel gases are deflected in a certain direction. The inflowing air from the lower surface supports this movement. The air supplied via the secondary air channel and the combustion gases are deflected at the curved side wall and likewise deflected again at the opposite curved wall section below the vertical wall section. In this case, there is a mixing and burning of the fuel gases, wherein the exhaust gases are discharged down over the outlet area. The flames are also partially discharged via the outlet area and heat the heat exchanger. The supply pipes (venturi nozzles) supply fresh air as a function of the amount of the incoming fuel gases via the fuel gas inlet region. In the burning insert thereby the mixing is controlled automatically. Furthermore, in the region of the curved wall section, a negative pressure region sets in, whereby the inflow of the gases and the mixing (cyclone movement) are supported. The negative pressure range results constructively from the design of the firing insert. The negative pressure range results here from the section reducing the cross-section with the edge, the inclined surfaces, the curved side wall, the vertical wall portion and the curved wall portion.

The mixture of fuel gas and fresh air is heated due to the rotation in the vortex chamber, making the mixture more reactive and ausoxidiert in a small space. This results in low-emission and low-emission combustion.

The flow of the fuel gases and the air supplied is also due to the normal chimney draft from the grate on the insert to the exit area and a connected fireplace.

Due to its simple design, the insert can be used differently than known inserts of the prior art over its entire width, for example, front side in a tumble kiln. Furthermore, the insert has small dimensions, so that the insert is also suitable for smaller lint kilns. Due to its design, the inventive fuel insert nevertheless achieves a significantly better mixing and combustion of fuel gases with fresh air compared to prior art fuel cartridges.

The fuel gas inlet region may have a rectangular cross section. In particular, the insert has rectangular cross-sections in its planes, starting from the grate to the exit region.

The fuel gas inlet region can be arranged parallel to a viewing window and / or a filling door in the tumble furnace, the filling door being arranged on one side of the tumble kiln in the region of the fuel shaft and / or the window on one side of the tumble kiln in the region of the combustion chamber. However, in further embodiments, it is also possible to arrange the burner insert in the combustion chamber such that the fuel gas inlet region extends orthogonally to the viewing window or the filling door. Accordingly, only the fuel gas inlet region can extend orthogonally to the viewing window or filling door, with the arrangement of the remaining components of the burning insert corresponding to the embodiments of a burning insert which is arranged substantially parallel to the viewing window or filling door. For example. is the Füllraumtür at a front of the tumble kiln in the region of the fuel shaft and / or the lens is arranged on a front side of the tumble fire in the combustion chamber. The filling door and / or the viewing window can also be arranged on the side walls, the back or on other side walls.

In a preferred embodiment, the firing insert is inserted into a tumble kiln so that the fuel gas inlet region of the firing insert runs parallel to a viewing window and / or a filling door. The fuel gas inlet region, which is also referred to as rust, if it is designed to receive solid fuels, is therefore arranged transversely in the tumble kiln.

The curved wall section may also have openings which are connected to a recirculation channel via supply lines or open directly. Due to the rotation of the combustion gases, some of the combustion gases are recirculated via the recirculation channels. This reduces the excess air and the flame kernel temperature. On the one hand, this leads to an increase in the firing efficiency on the other to a reduction of the nitrogen oxide content in the flue gas.

The secondary air channel and / or the recirculation channel may run parallel to and spaced from the firing insert in the horizontal direction to the firing insert. This ensures a uniform supply of air over the length of the secondary air channel and / or the recirculation channel, since the openings are horizontal in a plane.

The supply of fuel gas may be controllable. The control can be done via an air damper, wherein depending on the position of the air damper, the fuel gas flows through the chimney train variable the combustion insert.

The grate may have a metal rod extending centrally over the horizontal longitudinal axis of the fuel gas inlet region. The metal rod is heated during operation of the tumble kiln and gives off its heat to the fuel gases flowing through it, whereby the fuel gases are preheated.

The metal rod may have a diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm, wherein the metal rod may be made of stainless steel and in particular has a diameter of substantially 20 mm. It has been found that in such an embodiment, an optimal preheating of the fuel gases in view of the combustion taking place in the vortex chamber and minimizing pollutants are achieved.

The secondary air in the secondary air duct may be preheatable, for which purpose the secondary air duct runs within the firing insert, wherein the firebox adjoins the exit region and / or is part of the exit region and / or the secondary air may be preheatable via a bottom of the fuel duct.

The object specified above is also achieved by a tumble kiln with a burning insert of the above-mentioned embodiments.

At least one first channel may run in the bottom or along the bottom of the fuel shaft, via which the secondary air can be fed to the secondary air channel of the combustion chamber and / or at least one second channel may extend in the bottom or along the bottom of the fuel shaft, via which at least one part the primary air of the combustion chamber can be fed. The separation of the primary air and the secondary air and thus the separate preheating ensures that the secondary air is not contaminated. The preheating of the secondary air and the primary air serves to increase the temperature in the firing insert for complete or better combustion of the combustion gases.

The walls and bottom of the firing insert, combustor and / or fuel stack may be made of a metal, firebricks, ceramics, sintered materials and / or composites. This achieves storage of the heat, which serves to deliver the heat to the fuel gases and the fresh air and to use the heat for other facilities.

The at least one second channel may be arranged so that the primary air is conducted to the window of the combustion chamber. The primary air flows against the viewing window and carries off, for example, adhering to the viewing window particles. As a result, premature fouling and fogging of the lens is prevented / reduced.

The firing insert and / or a firebox may be surrounded by water-bearing walls, whereby a heat exchange takes place. The thus heated water can be used, for example, for a direct or indirect hot water supply. Furthermore, water-carrying pipes can also be arranged in the walls or in the firebox, which, for example, have helical courses in order to expose the water flowing through the pipes as long as possible to the heat input through the tumble kiln.

The supply of secondary air via the secondary air duct can additionally be controlled via a fresh air flap.

The fresh air flap can be coupled to and / or connected to an actuating element, via which adjusting element the amount of the supplied secondary air can be regulated. The control element may, for example, be a handwheel. The adjusting element (eg handwheel) is arranged so that it can be actuated from the outside by an operator during operation of the tumble fire furnace. The rotation of the handwheel then causes via a linkage or coupled to the handwheel and the fresh air flap mechanism pivoting the fresh air damper. Hereby, the amount of secondary air supplied can be adjusted and changed during operation of the tumble kiln by an operator.

Primary air supplied to the fuel chute (combustion air supply) can be controlled via a control flap. Analogously to the supplied secondary air, the amount of primary air fed into the fuel slot can be controlled. For this purpose, adjusting elements can also be provided.

The fresh air flap and / or the control flap may additionally or alternatively be electrically or mechanically controllable via a controller. A controller may for this purpose have input devices that allow an operator to make the position of the fresh air flap and the control flap by means of the controller. A change of position can also be done by hand.

The control flap and / or the fresh air flap can be controllable in accordance with the exhaust gas temperature, a fluid temperature of a fluid reservoir coupled to the heat exchanger and / or the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gases. The fluid reservoir is, for example, a hot water boiler of a heating system, which is coupled to the tumble kiln. The heat generated by the tumble kiln is passed through a secondary circuit in which water is passed through the tumble kiln (water-bearing walls, pipes, ceilings, floors) to another heat exchanger. The heat exchanger then heats the water in the hot water boiler via the heat provided by the secondary circuit. In order to maintain or reach a certain temperature in the boiler, for example, a controller controls the position of the control flap and / or the fresh air flap. The controller may additionally or alternatively measure the exhaust gas temperature and / or the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gases via corresponding devices and control the position of the fresh air damper and / or the control damper.

For this purpose, the tumble kiln may have a λ-probe for determining the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gases.

The control flap and / or the fresh air flap can be designed to automatically suppress the supply of fresh air into the fuel slot and / or the supply of secondary air into the combustion chamber in an emergency operation. If, for example, a power outage occurs and a controller provided for the lintel firebox is no longer able to properly ensure the operation of the lintel furnace, the control damper and / or the fresh air damper assume an emergency position, which emergency position prevents the supply of fresh air or secondary air. This can be done mechanically or electrically, with the absence of control commands from the controller, the flaps go back to their original position (emergency position, closed), for example, to prevent overheating of the tumble kiln.

The tumble kiln may further comprise a fan which generates an overpressure in the fuel chute or a negative pressure in the combustion chamber. The function of the fuel insert can thereby be supported, wherein the fuel used to the combustion fuel gases and the secondary air drawn more strongly into the firing insert ("induced draft") or pressed.

The blower may be operable depending on the position of the control flap and / or the fresh air flap. A controller for the tumble oven can hereby switch off the fan when the damper and / or the fresh air damper are closed to prevent rapid cooling. A rapid cooling could also cause the boiler temperature of a hot water boiler of a coupled with the tumble kiln heating system drops rapidly. Furthermore, the control flap and / or the fresh air damper are closed to prevent the supply of fresh air (primary air) and secondary air, so also by the natural chimney draft also no cooling occurs (residual heat capture).

The torrential furnace may also include a controller which controls the position of the butterfly damper, the fresh air damper, and the operation of the blower in accordance with further means disposed in a building. The control is intended to control the above-mentioned operations and operations of the torrential furnace, in addition, a control of other devices such. B. to control a gas or oil heating. The controller can also be integrated into an existing controller of a heating system. For example. For example, the controller may control operation of the tumble-fire furnace in low-energy homes, with controlled home ventilation and e.g. B. a control of a fume hood (with external air connection) etc. takes place. For this purpose, the control can have various control inputs and outputs, which are provided for switching on and off further devices (eg burner oil / gas heater).

In a preferred embodiment, the firing insert is inserted into a tumble kiln so that the fuel gas inlet region of the firing insert runs parallel to the sight glass and / or the filling chamber door. The fuel gas inlet region is therefore arranged transversely in the tumble furnace. In particular, the fuel gas inlet region runs parallel to a front side of the tumble fire furnace.

Further advantageous embodiments and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures of non-limiting embodiments to be understood.

In the drawings shows

1 a schematic view of an insert in a perspective view;

2 a schematic representation of means for mechanically adjusting a fresh air damper; and

3 a schematic representation of a tumble kiln in a perspective view.

1 shows a burning insert 10 for fall fire stoves. The tumble kiln has a fuel shaft with a grate 12 on, on the grate solid fuels, especially wood fuels are stored. These are ignited, allowing fuel gases from the fuel chute 110 (in 1 not shown) in the fuel gas inlet region 14 reach. This is due to the natural chimney draft, as the fuel gases can escape only through a fireplace, in addition to the burning insert 10 arranged and over the exit area 34 with the fuel gas inlet area 14 connected is.

The rust 12 is a metal rod 44 , preferably consisting of a noble metal with a diameter of substantially 20 mm. The metal bar 44 may not have bearing surfaces, which laterally in the direction of the walls 48 and 50 the fuel gas inlet area 14 extend. In the fuel shaft, a fire entry takes place, so that the fuels start to glow and the metal rod 44 is heated. The on the metal rod 44 Passing fuel gases are through the metal rod 44 further heated. In the fuel gas inlet area 14 turns a fuel gas flow 60 one. The fuel gases flow down here and become on the surface 26 partially diverted. The surfaces 24 and 26 also form a section 16 , which is the cross section of the fuel gas inlet area 14 reduced. In addition, there is an acceleration of the incoming fuel gases. The area 24 has openings 28 on that over supply lines 32 (Venturi nozzles) with a secondary air channel 30 are connected. Via the secondary air duct 30 Fresh air is supplied via other means and facilities from outside the tumble kiln and due to the chimney draft in the vortex chamber 18 brought in. In the secondary air duct 30 there is a secondary air flow 56 as indicated by the arrows. Due to the distraction of the fuel gases on the surface 26 and because of the over the opening 28 penetrating fresh air arises in the vortex chamber 18 an eddy current 62 one. This eddy current 62 is further supported by being below a wall 22 a wall section 36 is arranged, which is also executed bent. In this area, there is a negative pressure area during operation of the tumble-fire kiln 66 one. The vacuum area 66 advantageously supports the cyclone movement in the vortex chamber 18 and supports the influx of gases. The curved version of the wall section 36 supports the diversion of the mixture of fuel gases and fresh air. Furthermore, the wall section 36 openings 38 on that over supply lines 42 with a recirculation channel 40 are connected. The supply lines 42 serve as recirculation nozzles and support the cyclone movement in the vortex chamber 18 ,

About the recirculation channel 40 there is a recirculation flow 58 , where flue gases through the supply lines 42 and the openings 38 in the vortex chamber 18 be introduced. The arrangement of the openings 38 hereby supports the rotation of the eddy current 62 , That via the recirculation channel 40 introduced flue gas is supplied from the lower combustion chamber.

In the vortex chamber 18 a mixing of the fuel gases and the flue gas, via the secondary air channel 30 and the recirculation channel 40 be supplied. Further, in the vortex chamber 18 a combustion of this mixture. The resulting exhaust gases are over an exit area 34 issued due to the natural chimney draft. The exhaust gas flow 64 follows after the exit area 34 the design of the channels of the tumble kiln. At the in 1 illustrated embodiment is right next to the secondary air duct 30 and the recirculation channel 40 arranged a heat exchanger which emits the resulting heat, for example via a fluid system to other devices. According to the exhaust gas flow 64 protrude in the vortex chamber 18 caused by the combustion flames down and are partially deflected.

Preferably located below the exit area 34 a firebox with a floor of firebricks. The burning insert 10 is preferably made of metal, cast iron or fireclay bricks. It can be seen that in this case also a heating of the secondary air in the secondary air channel 30 results.

The walls 46 . 48 and 50 as well as the side wall 20 , the areas 24 and 26 , Wall 22 and wall section 36 consist of either metal, cast iron or fireclay bricks. The deflection of the flames and the exhaust gas flow 64 takes place due to the chimney draft, in which in 1 illustrated embodiment of the exit area 34 and the fireplace over one below the firing insert 10 arranged firebox and a shaft to the chimney, next to the firing insert 10 is arranged, are connected.

For controlling the fuel gas flow 60 a flap can be provided. Depending on the position of the flap, the chimney draft will pass over the burner insert 10 and set the manhole to the fireplace. The larger this chimney draft, the larger are also the over the secondary air duct 30 supplied amount of fresh air and over the recirculation 40 supplied amount of flue gas. That is, more fuel gases are entering the vortex chamber 18 introduced, so the required fresh air automatically increases.

2 shows a schematic representation of means for mechanically adjusting a fresh air damper 68 ,

The fresh air damper 68 is for opening and closing a secondary air duct in a tumble kiln 92 (please refer 3 ) arranged. The fresh air damper 68 is with a wave 76 connected and about the longitudinal axis of the shaft 76 pivotable. 2 shows the fresh air damper 68 in a first position. The wave 76 is at one end of the fresh air damper 68 off and is from a housing 90 surround. The wave 76 is inside the case 90 from a spring 74 surrounded, which at one end opposite to the wave 76 and at the opposite end opposite a sliding surface 78 is supported. For this purpose, the sliding surface 78 be arranged on a sliding disk. The sliding washer is inside the housing 90 rotatably mounted and is over the spring 74 pressed against an opposite fixed wall. This wall has an opening. The shaft passes through the opening 76 , The feather 74 sets by pushing the sliding surface 78 or the sliding disc against the wall, ensure that the position of the fresh air damper 68 maintained in the different positions. For this purpose, the spring force is dependent on various factors, such. B. Size and weight of the fresh air damper 68 , To determine.

The wave 76 indicates at one end, that from the housing 90 protrudes an internal thread, in which a threaded portion of a fastener 88 is included. The fastener 88 connects a first end of a pole 84 so with the wave 76 that during a movement of the rod 84 a twisting of the shaft 76 and thus a pivoting of the fresh air damper 68 he follows. The wave 76 and the pole 84 are about the fastener 88 rotatably connected.

A second end of the rod 84 has an opening in which another fastener is received. This further fastener is also in an opening at a first end of another rod 86 added. The further fastening element connects the rod 84 with the rod 86 such that the rods 84 . 86 can be pivoted to each other.

The second end of the rod 86 is with a hand wheel 70 connected. The second rod 86 is to the handwheel 70 pivotable. The handwheel 70 is with the housing of the tumble kiln 92 rotatably connected, the handwheel 70 has a central opening in which a fastener 72 is included. The handwheel 72 is about the fastener 72 rotatable. Furthermore, the handwheel points 72 two attacks 82 on, in maximum end positions of the handwheel 72 on a boundary element 80 issue. This is the maximum twisting of the handwheel 72 specified.

Will the handwheel 72 twisted, this is done by coupling with shaft 76 over the pole 86 and rod 84 a twisting of the shaft 76 and thus a pivoting of the fresh air damper 68 , which leads to an opening or closing of a secondary air duct, wherein intermediate positions can be adjusted.

3 shows a schematic representation of a tumble kiln 92 in perspective view. The tumble kiln 92 has two opposite side walls 94 , a front side 98 , a top 96 and a floor, not shown, and a back on. The representation of 3 is only an example. The tumble kiln 92 is connected to a fireplace. Furthermore, the tumble kiln 92 for example on a side wall 94 or at the back one in the area of the combustion chamber, which is below the fuel slot 110 is arranged, have a heat exchanger or means which dissipate the heat generated in the tumble kiln example. Via a water cycle to a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger then releases the energy stored in the water to the water of a heating system.

The tumble kiln 92 has a filling door 100 with a lens 104 on. Over the filling door 100 can fuel, for example, wood, in the fuel shaft 110 be introduced. The lens 104 gives the view of the fuel shaft 110 free.

In the under the fuel shaft 110 arranged combustion chamber is a burning insert 10 arranged. The burning insert 10 is, for example, the in 1 shown firing insert 10 , The burning insert 10 is so arranged in the combustion chamber that the fuel gas inlet area 14 parallel to the front 98 of the tumble kiln 92 is arranged. A floor 108 of the fuel shaft 110 has to an opening, which directly above the fuel gas inlet area 14 is arranged. The combustion chamber has a combustion chamber door 102 with a lens 106 on. The lens 106 gives a view of the burning insert 10 free. The combustion chamber door 102 allows cleaning of the combustion chamber when the tumble kiln 92 not in operation. Furthermore, over the combustion chamber door 102 the burning insert 10 be inserted and removed. For example. around the burning insert 10 to clean, to exchange or to the tumble kiln 92 with a burning insert 10 to provide.

In the ground 108 may also include first and second channels for preheating from outside the tumble kiln 92 be supplied secondary air or primary air (fuel gases and combustion air) to be arranged. First channels for preheating secondary air lead the heated secondary air, for example, the secondary air duct 30 to and pass a fresh air flap 68 (please refer 2 ). The fresh air damper 68 but can also control the secondary air flow already before preheating. Second channels for preheating primary air, in particular the combustion air, for the combustion or gasification of the fuel in the fuel chute 110 is required may be arranged and designed so that supplied from outside of the tumble kiln combustion air only through the ground 108 and then into the fuel slot 110 arrives. For this purpose, a control flap may be provided, which controls the amount of combustion air supplied.

The control of the amount of the supplied secondary air and the amount of the supplied combustion air can be performed by a control unit. The control unit is, for example, a separate control module, which measures parameters of the combustion / gasification or of the resulting exhaust gases and the position of the fresh air flap 68 and the control valve controls.

The interior walls and floors of the tumble kiln 92 are preferably made of fireclay. In addition, the walls may have water-carrying lines, which are also coupled to a heat exchanger of a heating system, so that by the tumble kiln 92 heat generated during operation may be used to heat a building alternatively or in addition to conventional oil or gas heating. In addition, the outer shell of the tumble kiln 92 "cooled" via the water-carrying lines or the generated heat is dissipated, so that injury to persons or damage to the site prevented or injuries and damage due to heat dissipation are reduced.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

burning application

12

rust

14

Fuel gas inlet area

16

section

18

swirl chamber

20

Side wall

22

wall

24

area

26

area

28

opening

30

Secondary air duct

32

supply line

34

exit area

36

wall section

38

opening

40

recirculation

42

supply line

44

metal rod

46

wall

48

wall

50

wall

52

opening

54

opening

56

Secondary air flow

58

recirculation

60

Fuel gas stream

62

eddy current

64

exhaust gas flow

66

Under pressure range

68

Fresh air flap

70

handwheel

72

fastener

74

feather

76

wave

78

sliding surface

80

limiting element

82

attack

84

pole

86

pole

88

fastener

90

casing

92

Downburn oven

94

Side wall

96

top

98

front

100

Füllraumtür

102

combustion chamber door

104

Window

106

Window

108

ground

110

fuel bay

Claims (13)

Burning insert for a tumble kiln, wherein the tumble kiln ( 92 ) a fuel shaft ( 110 ) with a grate ( 12 ) for receiving solid fuels, in particular wood fuels, and has a combustion chamber located below it, in which the fuel gases generated by a primary air duct and fuel entry in the fuel shaft combustion gases are combustible, which combustion chamber has an outlet opening for the hot exhaust gases, and wherein: - the burner insert a Fuel gas inlet area ( 14 ), which under the grate ( 12 ) of the fuel shaft ( 110 ) of the tumble kiln ( 92 ) is arranged - the fuel gas from the grate ( 12 ) flows through the firing insert from top to bottom and the fuel gas inlet area ( 14 ) at the bottom a section which reduces the cross section ( 16 ) and to this section ( 16 ) a vortex chamber ( 18 ), which has an outwardly curved side wall ( 20 ) and opposite a vertical wall section ( 22 ), which in a curved wall section ( 36 ), - the section reducing the cross-section ( 16 ) by two mutually facing surfaces ( 24 . 26 ) whose lower surface ( 24 ) with the vertical wall section ( 22 ) and openings ( 28 ) having a secondary air channel ( 30 ) via supply lines ( 32 ) and aligned in such a way that in interaction with the curved side wall ( 20 ) a cyclone movement of the introduced fuel gases is generated and the gases burn, - below the vortex chamber ( 18 ) an exit area ( 34 ) for the flames and exhaust gases in the vortex chamber ( 18 ) burnt fuel gases, which starting from the vortex chamber ( 18 ) has a magnifying cross-section and with an upwardly facing heat exchanger of the tumble kiln ( 92 ) connected is. Firing insert according to claim 1, wherein - the fuel gas inlet region ( 14 ) has a rectangular cross-section, and / or - the fuel gas inlet region ( 14 ) parallel to a viewing window ( 104 ; 106 ) and / or a Füllraumtür ( 100 ) in the flash furnace ( 92 ), wherein the filling door ( 100 ) on one side of the tumble kiln ( 92 ) in the area of the fuel shaft ( 110 ) and / or the viewing window ( 104 ; 106 ) on one side of the tumble kiln ( 92 ) are arranged in the region of the combustion chamber, and / or - the curved wall portion ( 36 ) Openings ( 38 ), which with a recirculation channel ( 40 ) via supply lines ( 42 ) or directly open, and / or - the secondary air channel ( 30 ) and / or the recirculation channel ( 40 ) parallel and spaced from the firing insert ( 10 ) in the horizontal direction to the firing insert ( 10 ) run, and / or - the supply of fuel gas is controllable, and / or - the rust ( 12 ) one centered on the horizontal longitudinal axis of the fuel gas inlet area ( 14 ) extending metal rod ( 44 ) and / or - the metal rod ( 44 ) has a diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm. Firing insert according to claim 2, wherein the metal rod ( 44 ) is made of stainless steel and has a diameter of substantially 20 mm. Firing insert according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the secondary air in the secondary air channel ( 30 ) is preheatable, wherein for this purpose the secondary air duct ( 30 ) runs within the firing insert and / or the secondary air over a bottom ( 108 ) of the fuel shaft ( 110 ) is preheatable. Tumble furnace, having a burning insert ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4. A tumble kiln according to claim 5, wherein in the soil ( 108 ) or along the ground ( 108 ) of the fuel shaft ( 110 ) runs at least a first channel, via which the secondary air to the secondary air channel ( 30 ) is the combustion chamber fed and / or in the ground ( 108 ) or along the ground ( 108 ) of the fuel shaft ( 110 ) runs at least a second channel, via which at least a portion of the primary air of the combustion chamber can be fed. A flash furnace according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the walls and the bottom of the firing insert ( 10 ), the combustion chamber and / or the fuel shaft ( 110 ) consist of a metal, firebricks, ceramics, sintered materials and / or composite materials. A flash furnace according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the at least one second channel is arranged so that the primary air to the lens ( 106 ) is passed to the combustion chamber. A flash furnace according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein - the firing insert ( 10 ) and / or a combustion chamber are surrounded by water-carrying walls, and / or - the supply of secondary air via the secondary air channel ( 30 ) via a fresh air flap ( 68 ) is controllable, and / or the fresh air damper ( 68 ) is coupled to an actuating element and / or connected, via which adjusting element the amount of the supplied secondary air can be regulated, and / or - in the fuel shaft ( 110 ) supplied primary air via a control flap is controllable. Tumble furnace according to claim 9, wherein - the control flap and / or the fresh air flap ( 68 ) in accordance with the exhaust gas temperature, a fluid temperature of a coupled to the heat exchanger fluid reservoir, and / or - the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gases are controllable, wherein the tumble furnace has a λ-probe for determining the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gases. A flash furnace according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the control flap and / or the fresh air flap ( 68 ) are adapted, in an emergency operation, the supply of fresh air into the fuel slot ( 110 ) or to automatically stop the supply of secondary air into the combustion chamber. A lint kiln according to any one of claims 5 to 11, comprising a fan which is located in the fuel chute ( 110 ) generates a negative pressure or in the combustion chamber, a negative pressure, and / or wherein the fan depending on the position of the control flap and / or the fresh air flap ( 68 ) is operable. A tumble kiln according to any one of claims 9 to 12, comprising a controller which controls the position of the butterfly damper, the fresh air damper (10). 68 ) and controls the operation of the fan in accordance with further arranged in a building facilities.

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