DE202012000695U1 - Opening support device for a window, a door or the like and a corresponding window - Google Patents

Abstract

Opening support device (7) for a window (1), a door or the like, with at least one spring device (8) acting between a window frame (2) and a casement (3) of the window (1), the door or the like for opening support, thereby characterized in that the spring device (8) has a plurality of springs (9) connected in series and having different spring constants.

Description

The invention relates to an opening support device for a window, a door or the like, with at least one acting between a window frame and a sash of the window, the door or the like for opening support spring means. The invention further relates to a window.

The opening support device of the type mentioned is known from the prior art. It is assigned to the window or a comparable device, for example a door, wherein in the following only the window is discussed. However, of course, an analogous use for the comparable device is always possible. The window has the frame and the sash. The frame is fixed in a Bauwerkausnehmung a building can be arranged. The Bauwerkausnehmung can be, for example, a window opening of a building surface, such as a wall or a roof. The building surface is at a certain angle, for example, a roof pitch angle of the roof. Accordingly, the frame is arranged at the angle of inclination.

The casement is movably mounted on the frame and pivotable relative thereto at least about a first axis. The pivoting can be carried out in particular as flaps, swings or swinging. In the case of the flaps, the first axis lies in an upper region of the roof window, in particular in an upper third of the roof window-based on its height-or in the region of the upper edge of the casement. By folding the sash over the frame from a closed position in a (first) open position or vice versa can be brought. in the (first) open position, the roof window is substantially completely open.

For pivoting the first axis lies in a central region of the roof window, in particular in a second third of the height of the roof window. The pivoting serves, for example, to bring the casement from the closed position to a second open position, in particular a cleaning position, or vice versa. In the cleaning position, an external glass surface of the window can be cleaned easily and easily. When swinging finally, the pivoting takes place about a plurality of first axes, which are usually parallel to each other. For example, when swinging at the same time a pivoting about the first axis used for the flaps and the first axis used for pivoting before. The swing is used in particular to bring the casement from the closed position into a third open position, in particular a ventilation position.

When opening the window, in particular in the case of the flaps around the first axis located in the upper region of the roof window, an opening operator must apply a comparatively large force to an operating element of the window in order to overcome the influence of gravity on the casement. For this reason, the window is associated with the opening support device, which has a spring device that assists the operator in the opening of the window. For this purpose, the spring device brings the wing frame in the direction of the desired open position urging and thus supporting the opening force or a corresponding torque on the sash.

The window is characterized by an opening angle range which starts at a closed position of the window or the corresponding opening angle and ends at a maximum permissible opening angle. Accordingly, the opening angle range describes the totality of the opening angles at which the sash frame can be present relative to the window frame until the maximum permissible opening angle is reached. The opening angle range is divided into at least two opening angle partial areas. The first opening angle partial area starts from or closes the closed position, while at least one further opening angle partial area adjoins the first opening angle partial area. In the first opening angle partial area, the window should firstly be able to be opened by the operator with little effort and, moreover, the casement can remain at its current opening angle when the operating force is eliminated, ie, for example, the operator releases the operating element. At the same time, however, an opening with little effort by the operator should also be possible in the opening angle section area adjoining the first opening angle section.

The total operating force acting on the casement frame to open the window or the corresponding total torque is composed of the operating force expended by the operator and the spring force caused by the at least one spring device or the respectively corresponding torques. The operating force required to open the window is now usually larger at low opening angles and decreases with increasing opening angle, because the spring device at small opening angles - despite a large spring force - provides only a small, directed to the opening of the window torque. In order to keep the operating force as low as possible, so the operator to make the opening of the window as simple as possible, so the spring force at low opening angles must be very large.

The spring force of the spring device is determined by the momentarily present spring travel and the spring constant of the spring device. The spring travel is predetermined by the opening angle range. The travel is usually - when considering the opening angle range - usually maximum when the window or the sash is present in the closed position; Accordingly, the spring device is almost completely tensioned. The smallest spring travel, however, is in almost completely relaxed state of the spring device, ie in the open position of the window. In addition, it is often provided that the spring device must never be completely relaxed in order to avoid loosening of the spring device from its suspension. Because the spring travel is predetermined by the opening angle range, the spring force on the one hand on the spring constant and on the other by biasing the spring means can be adjusted to the opening support device on the weight of the sash and / or the inclination of the window, which is determined for example by the roof pitch to vote.

If the spring constant and / or the bias of the spring device chosen such that the persistence of the sash is realized at the current opening angle, the spring device is often already largely relaxed when leaving the first opening angle portion, the spring travel so small that the spring force caused low is. Accordingly, the operator must spend a very large operating force to achieve the necessary total operating force outside the first opening angle portion. If, on the other hand, the spring constant is chosen to be larger, so that the desired opening assistance also takes place outside the first opening angle portion, the spring force is still sufficiently large there, then the torque produced in the first opening angle portion is so great that the persistence of the sash at the instantaneous opening angle Elimination of the operating force can not be realized because the spring force alone, ie without additional operating force, already causes a further opening of the window.

The known from the prior art opening support device thus has the disadvantage that either in the first opening angle portion of the persistence of the sash at the currently present opening angle at loss of operating force or - with a correspondingly larger selected spring constant - an operation by the operator with little effort outside of the first opening angle portion can be realized, but not both at the same time.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an opening support device, which does not have these disadvantages, but in particular in the first opening angle portion allows a persistence of the sash at the currently present opening angle with elimination of the operating force and also a sufficient opening support outside the first opening angle partial section.

This is achieved according to the invention with an opening support device having the features of claim 1. It is provided that the spring device has a plurality of series-connected, different spring constants having springs. The spring device thus has a plurality of springs, which are connected in series mechanically or in series. Each of the springs causes a determined by the respective spring travel and the respective spring constant spring force. A total spring force of the spring device now results from the spring forces of all springs. Due to the sequential arrangement of the springs, the individual spring forces are usually equal and corresponding to the total spring force. The spring travel of the springs each rise according to the spring constant and add up to a total spring travel of the spring device.

The spring device can in principle have any number of springs. These are preferably coordinated such that each of the springs unfolds their main effect at least in one of the opening angle partial areas. Preferably, each spring can be assigned exactly to an opening angle portion. Accordingly, preferably as many springs as opening angle partial areas are provided. Usually, however, only two opening angle portions and correspondingly only two springs per spring means are provided. Because each spring is associated with one of the opening angle portions and exhibits its primary effect therein, the spring force present in this opening angle portion can be adjusted to the total operating force necessary to open the window. This is preferably done in such a way that the operating force required to open the window, which has to be applied by the operator, is always smaller than a preselected operating force. From a support of opening can are spoken when the necessary to open the window operating force is smaller than the default operator force.

Accordingly, the spring force or the total spring force of the spring device must be greater than a minimum spring force. This should be the case according to the invention over the entire opening angle range, ie for each opening angle partial area. At the same time, however, to realize the persistence of the sash at the current opening angle in the absence of operating force, the spring force must be simultaneously smaller than a maximum spring force. This is preferably again the case over the entire opening angle range, but at least in the first opening angle partial area. The minimum spring force and / or the maximum spring force can be dependent on the opening angle, so be present as functions of this. Accordingly, the minimum spring force and / or the maximum spring force can assume different values for different opening angles.

A further development of the invention provides that at least one first spring of the springs configured as a main spring has a first spring constant and at least one second spring of the springs as auxiliary spring has a second spring constant, the second spring constant being smaller than the first spring constant. The spring device therefore has at least two springs, one being designed as a main spring and another as an auxiliary spring. Of course, however, it may be provided that more than two springs are present, in which case, for example, a plurality of springs as a main spring and / or a plurality of springs are formed as an auxiliary spring. The main spring has the first spring constant and the auxiliary spring has the smaller second spring constant. The main spring is now assigned, for example, to the first opening angle portion and the auxiliary spring to the at least one further opening angle portion.

The main spring or its spring constant is chosen such that in the first opening angle portion, the opening support is realized such that when the operating force of the wing frame remains in its current opening angle. Preferably, the auxiliary spring is present in the entire first opening angle portion in the fully tensioned state, so that the spring force, which flows into the total operating force, is generated only by the first main spring. The fully tensioned state is to be understood as meaning a state in which the spring travel of the considered spring does not increase further even when the force acting on it is increased. Outside the first opening angle partial area, the auxiliary spring should now also relax, so that the total spring force now jointly generated by the main spring and the auxiliary spring is still sufficient to support the opening of the window, the necessary operating force being less than the preselected operating force.

A further development of the invention provides that the spring device has a first coupling point and a second coupling point, wherein the coupling points are at least substantially rectified displaced out and between them the successively connected springs are arranged and connected to them. About the coupling points, the spring device is connected to the frame and the sash of the window. For example, the first coupling point with the casement and the second coupling point with the frame operatively connected, in particular via a lever element. The coupling points are rectilinearly displaceable with respect to the spring device, that is displaceable, for example, with respect to the longitudinal extent of the spring device or the associated springs. Preferably, both coupling points have only one degree of freedom, which is aligned such that by displacing the coupling points a tensioning or relaxing of the springs is effected. The springs of the spring device are all operatively connected between the two coupling points, wherein the first and the last of the springs connected in series are each connected to one of the coupling points.

A development of the invention provides that the spring constants are chosen such that at a first distance from the first and second coupling point, the main spring at least partially and the auxiliary spring fully tensioned and at a smaller second distance, the auxiliary spring is only partially tensioned, the distance Coupling points on the size of an opening angle of the window, the door or the like is dependent. By opening or closing the window, the distance of the coupling points is changed accordingly. For example, the greatest distance between the coupling points in the closed position of the window and decreases with increasing opening angle. Alternatively, of course, a reverse embodiment may be provided. At a first, larger distance between the coupling points, both springs should now be tensioned, with the auxiliary spring being fully tensioned so that its spring travel does not increase even with greater stress. The main spring, however, is at least partially, preferably also fully tensioned. The main spring is to be understood by a complete tensioning, that its spring travel over the entire opening angle range seen in the state of full tension is maximum.

At the second distance, which is smaller than the first distance, however, the auxiliary spring should be only partially tensioned. Usually, the main spring will be at least slightly stretched, with their spring travel can be significantly smaller than that of the auxiliary spring due to the different spring constants. Due to the series connection of the auxiliary spring and the main spring, however, the main spring can never be completely relaxed, as long as the auxiliary spring is still stretched. The first distance between the coupling points is now preferably in the first opening angle partial area and the second distance outside the first opening angle partial area. In the entire first opening angle partial area, therefore, the auxiliary spring should be fully tensioned, while only the main spring is at least partially tensioned. Outside the first opening angle partial area, on the other hand, both the main spring and the auxiliary spring should only be partially tensioned, ie not fully tensioned.

A development of the invention provides that the first coupling point is connected to a first side of the main spring to this and on a first side opposite the second side of the main spring, a connecting body is attached thereto, wherein the auxiliary spring rests with a first side on the connecting body or is attached and on one of the first side opposite the second side of the auxiliary spring, the second coupling point is connected thereto. To the main spring so the first coupling point and the connecting body are connected. About the connecting body, the main spring and the auxiliary spring are operatively connected. For this purpose, for example, the auxiliary spring is also attached to the connecting body or is at least on this or is based on this. On the side facing away from the connecting body of the auxiliary spring, so the second side of the auxiliary spring, the second coupling point is connected. Thus, the series connection of the spring formed as a main spring and auxiliary spring results.

A development of the invention provides that the main spring and / or the auxiliary spring are each present as at least one coil spring or gas spring. In principle, the springs, in particular the main spring or the auxiliary spring, can be designed as desired. However, particularly preferably, at least one of the springs is present as a helical spring or gas spring. For example, the main spring is designed as a helical spring and the auxiliary spring as a helical spring or gas spring.

A development of the invention provides that the springs are arranged coaxially to each other. This means that the effective directions along which the springs cause their respective spring force align or coincide.

A development of the invention provides that the auxiliary spring is arranged in the main spring. The main spring thus has a (central) recess in which the auxiliary spring is present. It is designed for this purpose, for example, as a cylindrical coil spring.

The recess of the main spring in this case has internal dimensions, which are preferably greater than the outer dimensions of the auxiliary spring, but these correspond at least, so that the function of both the auxiliary spring and the main spring is ensured.

A development of the invention provides that the auxiliary spring is arranged in a guide sleeve. This is particularly useful when the auxiliary spring as a coil spring, in particular cylindrical coil spring, is present and arranged in the main spring. By means of the guide sleeve, a buckling of the auxiliary spring can be prevented perpendicular to its direction of action. For this purpose, the guide sleeve has internal dimensions, which - seen in cross section - the outer dimensions of the auxiliary spring substantially correspond. Of course, the dimensions are chosen such that a proper function of the auxiliary spring is ensured, so in particular a setting of the auxiliary spring in the guide sleeve is avoided. If the auxiliary spring is present in the main spring, then the guide sleeve has external dimensions which are smaller than or equal to the inner dimensions of the main spring.

A further development of the invention provides that, for the operative connection between the second coupling point and the auxiliary spring, there is provided a coupling element which penetrates the connecting body and preferably the auxiliary spring at least in regions. The coupling element establishes the operative connection between the auxiliary spring and the second coupling point. For this purpose, it preferably engages on the second side of the auxiliary spring, that is, the side of the auxiliary spring facing away from the connecting body. On its other side, it is connected to the second coupling point or has this on. The coupling element passes through the connecting body and / or the auxiliary spring. Usually, the connecting body is completely penetrated in the axial direction of the coupling element, while the auxiliary spring is penetrated only partially or also completely in the axial direction.

A development of the invention provides that the main spring is designed as a tension spring and the auxiliary spring as a tension spring or compression spring. The terms "tension spring" and "compression spring" determine the effective direction of the spring. A tension spring has a small axial extent in the relaxed state, while it has a greater extent in at least partially tensioned state. In the compression spring, the largest axial extension is in a relaxed state, while in at least partially tensioned state, the axial extent is smaller. However, the definition of the spring travel is always the same: in the relaxed state, the smallest spring travel and in the (fully) stretched state, the largest spring travel exists. If the respective spring is designed as a helical spring, then a tension spring can be referred to as a helical tension spring and a compression spring as a helical compression spring. Accordingly, a gas spring may be present as a gas tension spring or gas pressure spring.

A development of the invention provides that at least one of the springs is associated with a spring travel limiting element, in particular in the form of a spring cage. The spring travel limiting element serves to limit the maximum spring travel of the respective spring. It therefore does not allow exceeding a maximum travel through the travel. With the help of Federwegbegrenzungselements can be realized, for example, with springs designed only as springs the embodiment described above, according to which at a first distance of the coupling points, the main spring at least partially and the auxiliary spring is fully tensioned, while at the smaller second distance, the auxiliary spring and the main spring only partially stretched. The Federwegbegrenzungselement is, for example, as a spring cage, which surrounds the spring at least partially. In particular, the Federwegbegrenzungselement has at least one end stop against which the spring occurs upon reaching the maximum spring travel and subsequently abuts against it. Accordingly, the spring travel of the spring can not be increased further. The spring travel limiting element can be formed, for example, together with the guide sleeve or integrated into it.

A development of the invention provides a biasing device, by means of which the distance between the first and the second coupling point is adjustable. In this way, a desired bias of the spring means can be adjusted. In particular, the biasing device is used to adjust the spring device after assembly of the spring device to the window so that the spring at each opening angle within the opening angle range of the window are always at least partially tensioned, so at no opening angle the springs are present in a fully relaxed state. In conventional embodiments of the opening support device, such a complete relaxation would lead to an interruption of the operative connection between the spring device and the frame or the sash, so that subsequently no opening assistance is possible.

A development of the invention provides that one of the coupling points is attached to the frame or the sash and the other of the coupling points on a lever element acting between the frame and the sash frame. As already described above, one of the coupling points on the frame or the sash and the other coupling point is attached to the other element. The attachment of the coupling points can, but need not be provided directly to the respective elements mentioned. Rather, a merely indirect fastening can be provided by producing a corresponding operative connection.

The operative connection between the casement and the frame should be present via the lever element. For example, it is provided that the one of the coupling points is attached directly to the frame or the sash, so it is not displaced relative to this. The other of the coupling points, however, should be connected to the lever element. The lever element is connected to both the frame and the sash and causes by its leverage the implementation of the spring force in the opening support, so the corresponding torque. For this purpose, the lever element, for example, two connection points, wherein one of the connection points is present on the window frame. At the second of the connection points finally attacks the spring device. The lever element is rotatably mounted at the connection points in each case. For example, the lever element is connected via a displaceable slide to the spring device.

A development of the invention provides a further spring device, which is operatively connected via a respective pivot bearing with the frame and the sash. The further spring device is provided to further improve the opening assistance. It causes a further spring force, which generates an additional, directed to the opening of the window torque and thus reduces the necessary to open the window operating force. The further spring means is operatively connected for this purpose, for example via two pivot bearings with the frame and the sash. The further spring device engages on the casement in such a way that a torque is generated by, for example, the first axis. The further spring device has, for example at least one gas spring on. Of course, several such spring devices can be provided. In particular, each side spar of the sash is associated with one of these spring devices.

The invention further relates to a window, in particular a living roof window, with a sash, a frame and an opening support device, in particular an opening support device according to the preceding embodiments, wherein the opening support device has at least one acting between the window frame and the sash for opening support spring means. It is provided that the spring device has a plurality of series-connected, different spring constants having springs. On the problem occurring in the realization of the opening support has already been addressed at the beginning. The window presented here has the opening support device with the at least one spring device. The opening assisting device may be formed as described above. Of course, the invention in addition to the window presented here also similar types of equipment, such as doors or the like.

Finally, the invention relates to a method for assisted opening of a window, a door or the like, wherein the window, the door or the like has a sash, a frame and an opening support device, in particular according to the preceding embodiments, wherein the opening support device at least one between the Blendrahmen and the sash for opening support acting spring means. It is provided that the spring device has a plurality of series-connected, different spring constants having springs that support the opening of the window, the door or the like at least in an outgoing from a closed position support angle range.

With regard to the opening support device, reference is again made to the above statements. The support angle range describes that angular range within which the opening of the window is assisted by the opening assist device. This is the case when the operating force to be applied to open the window is smaller than the preselected operating force, which has already been explained above. Ideally, the support angle range extends over the entire opening angle range of the window, that corresponds to this substantially. Of course, however, it may also be provided that the support angle range covers only a part of the opening angle range, so that outside the support angle range, the operating force necessary for opening the window is greater than the preselected operating force.

In a development of the invention, the support angle range is divided into at least two support angle subareas, wherein at least a first of the springs is at least partially tensioned and a second of the springs is fully tensioned in a first angle of support subareas present at smaller opening angles and in both of the support angle subareas first as well as the second of the springs is only partially stretched. Preferably, the first one of the support angle portions proceeds from the closed position while the second one of the support angle portions adjoins the first one of the support angle portions. The first of the springs corresponds to the main spring described above, while the second of the springs is present as an auxiliary spring.

In the closed position or at a corresponding opening angle with this, the main spring is at least partially and the auxiliary spring fully stretched. If the window is now opened by applying the operating force, only the main spring causes the spring force, because the auxiliary spring is fully tensioned and thereby only causes a spring force which is smaller than the spring force of the main spring. However, because the auxiliary spring is fully cocked and thus their spring travel does not change, it transmits the spring force caused by the main spring between the main spring and the coupling point facing away from this. Only from reaching the second of the support angle portions (starting from the first of the support angle portions), the spring force of the main spring has fallen so far that the spring force caused by it corresponds to the spring force of the still fully tensioned auxiliary spring.

As the opening angle becomes larger, both the main spring and the auxiliary spring relax in the second of the support angle partial areas. Accordingly, at the end of the second of the support angle subareas, which preferably coincides with the end of the opening angle range of the window, both springs are partially relaxed. Preferably, the springs are largely relaxed, so bring only a small total spring force.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, without any limitation of the invention. Showing:

1 a side sectional view of a window, with a frame and a sash and an opening support device, wherein the sash with respect to the window frame is present at a first closed position of the window corresponding opening angle,

2 that from the 1 known window, wherein the sash is arranged at a second opening angle to the window frame,

3 that from the 1 and 2 known window, wherein the sash is present at a third opening angle with respect to the frame,

4 the opening assisting device in the presence of the first opening angle,

5 the opening assisting device in the presence of the second opening angle, and

6 the opening assisting device in the presence of the third opening angle.

The 1 shows a side sectional view of a window 1 , in particular a residential roof window. The window 1 fitted over a frame 2 as well as a sash frame 3 , where the frame 2 is fixedly arranged in a building recess or the like. The sash frame 3 is, however, with respect to the frame 2 pivotable, in particular about an axis 4 , In the in the 1 shown closed position is a frame level 5 in or parallel to a sash frame plane 6 ; By definition, there is an opening angle of 0 ° in the closed position. The window 1 has an opening angle range, which extends from the present in the closed position opening angle to a larger, present at an open position opening angle. The opening angle range thus extends from the closed position corresponding opening angle up to an opening angle at which the window 1 is completely open. The process of opening the window 1 is based on the 1 to 3 shown, wherein the 1 the window 1 at a first opening angle shows which corresponds to the closed position.

The window 1 has an opening assist device 7 that at least one spring device 8th having. The spring device 8th consists of several cascaded springs 9 , Preference is given to every window 1 at least two spring devices 8th assigned. For example, the opening assist device is located 7 in or on the sash 3 in front. In particular, each side spar of the sash is 3 each a spring device 8th assigned. In addition to the spring device 8th can be another spring device 10 be provided. Both the spring device 8th as well as the other spring device 10 cause one to open the window 1 directed spring force.

To open the window 1 So to increase the opening angle between casement 3 and frame 2 , must have a certain torque on the sash 3 around the pivot axis 4 Act. This torque is made up of one of an operator of the window 1 on the sash frame 3 impressed operating torque and one of the opening support device 7 generated support moment together. The torque is affected by the influence of gravity on the sash 3 caused the window to close 1 directed torque against. The opening assist device 7 supports in particular a folding movement of the window 1 So a flap around the axis 4 which is usually in an upper area of the sash 3 is present. The axis 4 is arranged horizontally, so it is parallel to a horizontal spar of the window 1 ,

The operating torque is usually from the operator via a not shown here control on the sash 3 imprinted, whose distance from the pivot axis 4 is known. In that regard, instead of the operating torque from the opening of the window 1 necessary operating force spoken with which the operator to the control to open the window 1 must act. The opening assist device 7 is intended to reduce the necessary operating force and in particular substantially independent of the size of the window 1 or - in the case of a roof window - the inclination of the roof and the corresponding inclination of the window 1 to keep. Advantageously, the operating force over the entire opening angle range of the window 1 smaller than a certain default operator force, and in a particularly preferred embodiment at least nearly constant.

The 2 shows the window 1 at a second opening angle which is greater than the first opening angle, while the 3 the window 1 at a third opening angle, which in turn is greater than the second opening angle. The opening angle lies between the frame frame level 5 and the sash frame level 6 before, as in particular on the basis of 2 and 3 is recognizable.

From the 1 to 3 it can be seen that the spring device 8th a first coupling parts 11 and a second coupling point 12 has, wherein the spring means 8th at the second coupling point 12 , for example via a carriage 13 , with a lever element 14 is actively connected. The lever element 14 is at a first junction 15 pivoting with the carriage 13 connected. Via a second connection point 17 is the lever element 14 pivotable on the frame 2 hinged. The spring device 8th now causes a total spring force on the lever element 14 , which consists of the individual spring forces of the springs 9 composed.

From the 1 to 3 it can be seen that the first connection point 15 of the lever element 14 together with the sledge 13 with respect to a longitudinal axis 18 (which here in the sash frame level 6 and in the effective direction of the springs 9 lies) with respect to the sash 3 is relocatable. In contrast, the second connection point 17 with respect to the frame 2 fixedly arranged. That means the leverage of the lever element 14 is small at small opening angles and steadily increases with increasing opening angles. The same applies to the other spring device 10 , which has a pivot bearing 19 with the frame 2 and another pivot bearing 20 with the sash 3 is actively connected. Accordingly, this is caused at small opening angles, on the opening of the window 1 directed support torque despite high total spring force low. With increasing opening angle decreases from the spring device 8th provided total spring force, because the springs 9 relax, but at the same time increases the leverage of the lever element 14 ,

The window 1 should be designed such that it is easy to operate in at least a first opening angle portion which immediately adjoins the closed position or this includes, and also remains in absence of the operating force applied by the operator in the current opening angle. At the same time, a simple opening of the window should also be outside the first opening angle partial area 1 to be possible. Accordingly, both in the first opening angle portion and outside of this, the necessary operating force should be smaller than the default operating force. To meet the conditions mentioned in the first opening angle partial area, must be for large windows 1 and / or with strong inclination of the window 1 (For example, due to strong roof pitch) the total spring force be comparatively large.

The size of the total spring force is determined in particular by the spring constants of the springs 9 and their bias determined because of the spring travel of the spring 9 is essentially predetermined by the opening angle range. Accordingly, to increase the total spring force at a given spring travel, the spring constants of the spring 9 enlarged or the spring device 8th be more biased. These are in usual windows 1 or opening support devices 7 the spring constants 9 the springs either chosen so that they persist in the sash 3 allow at the currently present opening angle in the first opening angle partial area in case of elimination of the operating force or a sufficient opening support outside the first angle range.

Basically, two cases can be distinguished: In the first case, the spring device 8th formed such that the support torque in the first rotation angle range is so small that when omitting the operating force of the sash 3 remains at the current opening angle. However, this also means that outside the first opening angle partial area the support torque - due to already far relaxed springs 9 - Is low, so that a very large operating force must be applied by the operator. This operating force is often greater than the default operator. In the second case, the spring device is adjusted such that the operating force is also smaller than the default operating force outside the first opening angle section. This means, however, that within the first opening angle partial area, the assisting moment is so great that even if the operating force of the sash frame disappears 3 not at the current opening angle remains, but the window 1 automatically opens further.

This is achieved with the opening assistance device presented here 7 avoided, which on the basis of 4 to 6 will be explained in more detail below.

The 4 shows a detail sectional view of the opening support device 7 with the spring device 8th , It can be seen that the springs 9 in the case 16 the spring device 8th are guided. In this case, the housing 16 be formed as a separate element or alternatively as part of the sash 3 available. A first spring of the springs 9 lies as the mainspring 21 before, while a second spring of the spring 9 as an auxiliary spring 22 is trained. The main spring 21 now has a first spring constant and the auxiliary spring 22 a second spring constant. The second spring constant should be smaller than the first spring constant. On a first page 23 the mainspring 21 the latter is via a biasing device 24 with the housing 16 connected. The first page 23 the mainspring 21 So it is in the case 16 not freely movable, but in position only by means of the biasing device 24 adjustable.

For this purpose, the biasing means 24 a leader body 25 on, on the first page 23 the mainspring 21 is attached. For this he is, for example, a few turns of the main spring 21 encompassed. The preload body 25 has an internal thread, which with an external thread of a threaded rod 26 interacts. On the the mainspring 21 opposite side of the threaded rod 26 is a control 27 provided, which can be actuated for example with a biasing tool. By means of the biasing tool is via the control element 27 a rotary motion on the threaded hub 26 be impressed. By this rotational movement of the biasing body 25 and thus the first page 23 the mainspring 21 in the axial direction, ie along the longitudinal axis 18 , relocated.

On the first page 23 remote second side 28 the mainspring 21 is a connecting body 29 attached to her, for example, in turn, by the connecting body 29 from a few turns of the main spring 21 is encompassed. About the connection body 29 is an operative connection between the main spring 21 and the auxiliary spring 22 produced. For this purpose, the connecting body 29 on his the auxiliary spring 22 facing side a support surface 30 on. On this lies the auxiliary spring 22 with a first page 31 on. In addition, the auxiliary spring 22 on the connecting body 29 be attached. Opposite the first page 31 is on a second page 32 the auxiliary spring 22 a coupling element 33 attached. The coupling element 33 is for example available as a coupling rod. About the coupling element 33 is an operative connection between the second side 32 the auxiliary spring 22 and the second coupling point 12 produced. For this purpose, the coupling element passes through 33 the auxiliary spring 22 from her first page 31 to her second page 32 and points to his on the second page 32 protruding end at least one support body 34 , For example in the form of one or more radial projections, on. On this support body 34 the auxiliary spring is supported 22 with her second page 32 on. In addition, the coupling element passes through 33 the connecting body 29 in the axial direction completely.

From the 4 it becomes clear that the auxiliary spring 22 coaxial with the main spring 21 is present and arranged in this. For this purpose, the auxiliary spring 22 for example, in a guide sleeve 35 arranged. The guide sleeve 35 prevents direct contact between the main spring 21 and auxiliary spring 22 in the radial direction and thus provides the functionality of the spring device 8th for sure. In the embodiment shown here is the main spring 21 as a tension spring and the auxiliary spring 22 designed as a compression spring. Both springs 21 and 22 are available as coil springs. In that regard, the mainspring 21 also as a coil tension spring and the auxiliary spring 22 be referred to as a helical compression spring. In particular, the auxiliary spring 22 However, in principle can be configured arbitrarily, for example as a gas spring or the like. It is only important that the spring constant of the auxiliary spring 22 smaller than the spring constant of the mainspring 21 ,

The two coupling points 11 and 12 the spring device 8th are substantially rectilinearly displaceable, in the embodiment shown here along the longitudinal axis 18 , Between them are the feathers 9 or the mainspring 21 and the auxiliary spring 22 arranged. This is the mainspring 21 only with the first coupling point 21 and the auxiliary spring 22 only with the second coupling point 12 in immediate operative connection. To the other coupling point 11 or 12 they are above each other's spring 9 only indirectly connected. Overall, so the main feather 21 only to the first coupling point 11 and the auxiliary spring 22 only to the second coupling point 12 immediately connected.

As already on the basis of 1 to 3 explained, the distance between the coupling points depends 11 and 12 from the current size of the opening angle of the window 1 from. In the 4 is the opening assist device 7 represented at the first opening angle, which also at the window 1 of the 1 is present. Because the window 1 is present in the closed position, which is above the opening angle range greatest distance between the coupling points 11 and 12 in front. Of course, however, the distance can also be manually in the closed position by means of the biasing device 24 to be changed. The first coupling point 11 and the second coupling point 12 are at a first distance from each other. The spring constants of the main spring 21 and the auxiliary spring 22 should now be chosen such that the auxiliary spring 22 at the first distance of the coupling points 11 and 12 is fully tensioned from each other while the main spring 21 at least partially curious.

The main spring 21 can, but need not, also be completely curious. In the closed position, ie at the first distance of the coupling points 11 and 12 from each other, is the largest total spring force of the spring device 8th ago, which between the coupling points 11 and 12 acts. Accordingly, the opening of the window 1 initially supported by the high total spring force (but only low leverage). In the 4 it becomes clear that the pivot axis 4 at a junction 36 is present, at which the frame 2 and the sash frame 3 are pivotally connected to each other. The connection point 36 lies on a lever extension 37 of the sash 3 or of the housing 16 the opening assist device 7 in front.

The main spring 21 has an outer diameter substantially equal to an inner diameter of a guide portion 38 of the housing 16 equivalent. In this way, a buckling of the main spring 21 in the radial direction (ie perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 18 ) prevented. The guide sleeve 35 has corresponding outer dimensions, which are substantially the inner diameter of the main spring 21 correspond or are slightly smaller. By contrast, the inner diameter essentially corresponds to the outer diameter of the auxiliary spring 22 or is slightly larger. In this way, a safe guide is the mainspring 21 and the auxiliary spring 22 ensured in the radial direction, so that the springs 21 and 22 are deformable only in the axial direction and can not buckle in the radial direction.

The 5 shows the from the 4 known opening assistance device 7 at the second opening angle, which is greater than the first opening angle. At this second opening angle are the coupling points 11 and 12 at a second distance from each other, which is smaller than the first distance. The second opening angle should lie on the side of the first opening angle partial area facing away from the closed position. At this opening angle are those of the main spring 21 and the auxiliary spring 22 each caused spring forces the same size, with the main spring 21 only partially tensioned and the auxiliary spring 22 is still fully stretched. However, the opening angle of the window 1 , Increased only slightly from the second opening angle, so also begins the auxiliary spring 22 to relax.

The spring forces of the main spring correspond 21 and the auxiliary spring 22 always.

Will the window 1 further opened, so the third opening angle, which is greater than the second opening angle, and preferably in the open position of the window 1 in which the window 1 is fully open. At the third opening angle is a distance between the coupling points 11 and 12 which is smaller than the second distance. Accordingly, starting from the second opening angle, the main spring 21 and the auxiliary spring 22 continue relaxed. Preferably, however, make sure that the main spring 21 and the auxiliary spring 22 even when the window is completely open 1 , So at the third opening angle, are not completely relaxed. In this way prevents, for example, the coupling element 33 from the sled 13 solves, which subsequently no opening support of the window 1 more would be possible. When mounting the window 1 So the spring device needs to be 8th be adjusted accordingly, including by means of the biasing device 24 the distance between the coupling points 11 and 12 is chosen such that even with the window completely open 1 all feathers 9 the spring device 8th are at least partially curious.

By the here presented opening support device 7 is achieved that, especially with large windows 1 and / or strong tilt of the window 1 both holding at the same opening angle in the first opening angle portion is possible as well as a sufficient opening support is present outside the first opening angle portion. In the process, only the main spring acts in the first opening angle partial area, ie between the first opening angle and the second opening angle 21 while the auxiliary spring 22 is in fully tensioned state and can not be further compressed. In contrast, between the second and the third opening angle, the auxiliary spring begins 22 to relax, so that the total spring force of main spring 21 and auxiliary spring 22 is generated together. The spring constants of the springs 9 Therefore, they are to be chosen such that preferably over the entire opening angle range, but at least within a support angle range, both the holding at the current opening angle is realized, as well as a sufficient opening assistance, wherein the operating force is smaller than the default operating force.

Claims (16)

Opening support device ( 7 ) for a window ( 1 ), a door or the like, with at least one between a frame ( 2 ) and a sash ( 3 ) of the window ( 1 ), the door or the like for opening assistance acting spring device ( 8th ), characterized in that the spring device ( 8th ) via a plurality of successively connected, different spring constants having springs ( 9 ). Opening assistance device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one main spring ( 21 ) formed first spring of the springs ( 9 ) a first spring constant and at least one auxiliary spring ( 22 ) present second spring of the springs ( 9 ) has a second spring constant, wherein the second spring constant is smaller than the first spring constant. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring device ( 8th ) a first coupling point ( 11 ) and a second coupling point ( 12 ), wherein the coupling points ( 11 . 12 ) at least are guided substantially rectified displaced and between them the cascaded springs ( 9 ) are arranged and connected to them. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring constants are selected such that at a first distance from the first and second coupling point ( 11 . 12 ) the main spring ( 21 ) at least partially and the auxiliary spring ( 22 ) completely tensioned and at eifern smaller second distance the auxiliary spring ( 22 ) is only partially tensioned, wherein the distance of the coupling points ( 11 . 12 ) of the size of an opening angle of the window ( 1 ), the door or the like is dependent. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first coupling point ( 11 ) on a first page ( 23 ) of the main spring ( 21 ) is connected to it and on one of the first page ( 23 ) opposite second side ( 28 ) of the main spring ( 21 ) a connecting body ( 29 ) is attached thereto, wherein the auxiliary spring ( 22 ) with a first page ( 31 ) on the connecting body ( 29 ) is attached or fixed and on one of the first side ( 31 ) opposite second side ( 32 ) of the auxiliary spring ( 22 ) the second coupling point ( 12 ) is connected to this. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main spring ( 21 ) and / or the auxiliary spring ( 22 ) are each present as at least one coil spring or gas spring. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the springs ( 9 ) are arranged coaxially with each other. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the auxiliary spring ( 21 ) in the main spring ( 22 ) is arranged. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the auxiliary spring ( 21 ) in a guide sleeve ( 35 ) is arranged. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the operative connection between the second coupling point ( 12 ) and the auxiliary spring ( 22 ) a the connecting body ( 29 ) and preferably the auxiliary spring ( 21 ) each at least partially cross-coupling element ( 33 ) is provided. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main spring ( 21 ) as a tension spring and the auxiliary spring ( 22 ) is designed as a tension spring or compression spring. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the springs ( 9 ) is associated with a spring travel limiting element, in particular in the form of a spring cage. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a pretensioning device ( 24 ), by means of which the distance between the first and the second coupling point ( 11 . 12 ) is adjustable. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the coupling points ( 11 . 12 ) on the frame ( 2 ) or the sash ( 3 ) and the other of the coupling points ( 12 . 11 ) at one between the frame ( 2 ) and the sash ( 3 ) acting lever element ( 14 ) is attached. Opening assistance device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a further spring device ( 10 ), which in each case via a pivot bearing ( 19 . 20 ) with the frame ( 2 ) and the sash ( 3 ) is operatively connected. Window ( 1 ), in particular roof windows, with a sash ( 3 ), a frame ( 2 ) and an opening assisting device ( 7 ), in particular according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the opening support device ( 7 ) at least one between the frame ( 2 ) and the sash ( 3 ) for opening support acting spring device ( 8th ), characterized in that the spring device ( 8th ) via a plurality of successively connected, different spring constants having springs ( 9 ).

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