DE19913691A1 - Perforated masonry brick is faced in cover layers in metal or plastics fiber reinforced mortar or mortar based on early-setting cement. - Google Patents

Abstract

The planar-parallel bearing and setting face (10,11) of the brick (1) has mortar containing a cover layer (2) which forms a stiff plate and aids soundproofing and is windproof. The finished height (HF) of the brick is determined by the brick height (HP) and the height of the cover layer (HD) and a cover layer can be provided on both faces of the brick. The cover layer and the mortar containing this are applied to the brick faces of the shaped and fired brick and there trimmed to required finish height once set.

Description

The invention relates to a brick with planparaüelen storage or Settling surfaces and vertical channels.

Masonry brick made of clay or clay-containing masses with or without the addition of Lean agents or pore-forming substances are shaped, for example by extrusion and fired.

To improve the thermal insulation, the masonry bricks with channels or provide holes as so-called perforated bricks. Through the mechanical Machining of the bearing surfaces, especially by grinding, results in flat surfaces and parallel storage areas. Such bricks are also called Planned brick. The assembly is usually done in that on a layer of masonry bricks a connection layer of mortar is applied, the bricks of one layer with that of the next higher Location connects. Ground brick is sanded with thin-bed mortar assembled, which results in a mortar layer of 1 mm or less. In Building bricks run more to achieve greater thermal insulation or fewer vertical holes or channels. Will not be the conventional one Mortar layer from 10 mm to 15 mm thick, but one Thin bed mortar layer is used, which is applied on site when bricking, these holes in the brick at the bed joint are no longer closed because the thin bed mortar as opposed to a thick one Mortar layer can no longer span these holes. Remain this  vertical holes open above the wall height, it can cause sound transmission come in masonry.

The masonry brick or facing brick, which has a significant advantage due to the continuous manufacturing process and the low mortar consumption due to the use of thin-bed mortar, also has disadvantages. These disadvantages are that

• 1. the soundproofing of the face brick both in relation to the Direct sound insulation dimension as well as on the longitudinal sound line is lower because the stiffening mortar joint is missing, making it easier to relevant acoustic resonances.
• 2. The thermal insulation of the facing brick wall is impaired when it is used vertical conection comes within the wall. This will happen as soon as the wet wear layers are broken through (e.g. sockets inside and outside) or a wet plaster layer is missing, e.g. B. because of an outside Formwork, curtain wall or the like, and / or a final mortar adjustment on the masonry crown (especially missing at the gable or under masonry openings). The latter is a Frequently occurring lack of execution on the construction site.
• 3. The brick must be ground due to the manufacturing process. This can be because of the Dimensional tolerances of the large ceramic product usually only in the fired state. The grinding process required is because of the The hardness of the ceramic body is expensive. Besides fall still Dusts that are collected for occupational safety reasons have to.

The invention has for its object the disadvantages of the facing brick repeal.  

According to the invention it is proposed to solve this problem with one Bricks with plane-parallel bearing or setting surfaces on the bricks one of its plane-parallel bearing and setting surfaces with a rigid plate forming and the vibration behavior of the brick in relation to the Equip the mortar to improve the soundproofing cover layer.

In this way, a "cover tile" is obtained. Beneficial Further developments of the invention are the characteristic features of Removable subclaims.

According to a further proposal of the invention, a method for Manufacture of a brick as a ceramic product made by Forming and firing with plane-parallel setting and storage areas proposed, in the factory on the brick in the fired state Cover layer containing mortar on one of the setting and storage areas is applied and after the cover layer of the brick has hardened on the two setting and bearing surfaces by applying the cover layer in the required thickness is brought to the finished dimension height HF.

One solution to the problems outlined is factory one To produce mortar cover. This has the particular advantage that the Workflow on site would still be accelerated (processing as with the tarpaulin brick by means of immersion or roller application) and the The aforementioned problems can be solved with the mortar cover. The factory manufactured "cover bricks" (cover mortar) can be used regardless of the weather Mortar consumption optimized and above all continuous and therefore inexpensive be brought here. The application to the brick can be done, for example, by a Pumping nozzle either on one side or on both cutting sides respectively.

The brick according to the invention solves the problems listed at the beginning as follows:  

The cover mortar forms a rigid plate, which determines the vibration behavior of the Improved brick walkways. The amplitudes of the resonance frequency are reduced and the natural frequencies shifted to higher frequencies and therefore less relevant acoustically.

The cover mortar forms a windproof cover for the brick. The open remaining butt joints are covered by the cover above and underlying brick also sufficiently covered.

The tile can be covered by the mortar at the factory done with millimeter precision. This eliminates the need to grind the brick. The the exact height of the tile can be achieved either by "stripping" the mortar in the continuous process or by immersing (impressing) the Brick in a continuously produced mortar bed.

The factory covering of the brick offers further advantages:

The cover of the brick prevents the entry of moisture, e.g. B. can occur in the brick chambers by rain. One at the time Necessary covering of the uppermost stone layer during work breaks can be omitted.

By a mortar modification, e.g. B. a fiber reinforcement can Deformation behavior of the mortar better adapted to the brick, which leads to a further increase in the compressive strength of the masonry would come.

By modifying the mortar with a view to a foamed structure, or through particularly highly heat-insulating additives Thermal conductivity of the brick wall can be improved again.  

Any mortar can be used to create the cover layer, special mortar is provided to achieve special properties can be. The setting time of the mortar is matched to the Manufacturing process, whereby accelerated mortar with the addition of Accelerators can be adapted accordingly.

The thickness of the cover layer of a few millimeters depends on shape and Structure of the brick that is to be capped.

The invention is shown in the drawing on a Embodiment shown.

Show it:

Formed Fig. 1 is a plan bricks as bricks and perforated bricks,

Fig. 2 shows a brick according to FIG. 1 with a cover layer according to the invention.

Designed as a flat brick masonry brick 1 according to FIG. 1, the setting surfaces 10, 11 on the mutually plane parallel are ground after firing of the product. Channels 12 for thermal insulation are formed in the brick 1 vertically to the bearing and seating surfaces. After the surface grinding, the brick 1 has a finished dimension height HP that is defined. The grinding process required to achieve an exact dimension HP as a finished dimension is cost-intensive because of the hardness of the ceramic product.

In FIG. 2 according to the invention equipped wall brick 1 is illustrated, which is preferably only on one of its set and bearing surfaces with a cap layer 2 on the basis mortar is shipped from the factory. The cover layer 2 has a height DH. After the cover layer 2 has been applied , it is stripped off before curing so that the finished dimension HF is obtained, the finished dimension of the capped brick from the height HP of the fired brick plus the height HD of the cover layer.

Claims (8)

1. Building brick with plane-parallel bearing or setting surfaces and vertically running channels, characterized in that the building brick on one of its plane-parallel bearing and setting surface equipped with a rigid plate forming and the vibration behavior of the wall brick in relation to the soundproofing cover layer containing mortar is. 2. Building brick according to claim 1, characterized in that the Cover layer is windproof. 3. Building brick according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Production height HF of the brick is from the height HP of the Building brick plus the height HD of the cover layer determined. 4. Building brick according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the brick with on both plane-parallel bearing and setting surfaces is equipped with a cover layer. 5. Building brick according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cover layer one with fibers made of metal and / or plastic contains reinforced mortar to increase the compressive strength. 6. Building brick according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cover layer has a foamed structure and / or Mortar containing heat-insulating additives to increase the Contains thermal insulation.   7. Building brick according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cover layer is a mortar based on an early, high-strength Contains cement or plaster. 8. Method of making a brick as a ceramic product through shaping and firing with plane-parallel setting and bearing surfaces according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that on the Building bricks in the fired state have a cover layer at the factory containing mortar is applied to one of the setting and storage areas and after the top layer of the brick has hardened on the two Settling and storage areas by applying the cover layer in the required thickness is brought to the finished dimension height HF.