EP1249560A2 - Method and apparatus for the production of building wall elements having a mortar coating and corresponding building wall element - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the production of building wall elements having a mortar coating and corresponding building wall element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1249560A2
EP1249560A2 EP02007950A EP02007950A EP1249560A2 EP 1249560 A2 EP1249560 A2 EP 1249560A2 EP 02007950 A EP02007950 A EP 02007950A EP 02007950 A EP02007950 A EP 02007950A EP 1249560 A2 EP1249560 A2 EP 1249560A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plaster
layer
plastered
flow
formwork
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02007950A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1249560B1 (en
EP1249560A3 (en
Inventor
Dietmar Hamann
Walter Simon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Quick-Mix Gruppe & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Tubag Trass Zement und Steinwerke GmbH
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Publication of EP1249560A3 publication Critical patent/EP1249560A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0053—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to tiles, bricks or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E04F13/04—Bases for plaster

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the horizontal production of wall components with a Plaster coating and corresponding wall components manufactured using the method.
  • the precast industry offers wall building elements for both residential construction as well as for industrial construction.
  • the elements are in the form of cast concrete slabs, lightweight concrete slabs or finished masonry in different sizes from the element factory to the construction sites where they are delivered be put together and plastered. In many cases it is indoors the subsequent building only needs filling, namely if that Wall component is correspondingly smooth, on the other hand, a must Basic plaster and a fine plaster can be applied.
  • the wall components i.e. the raw concrete slabs, Lightweight concrete slabs or masonry, already plastered by the manufacturer.
  • the time-consuming plastering on the construction site, except that of the joints between the individual elements is no longer necessary.
  • plaster layer The production of wall components with a plaster coating takes place in the element works, among other things, lying in a horizontal formwork, in who first given a thin layer of light plaster as an interior or exterior plaster becomes. Then concrete or lightweight concrete is poured onto the plaster layer. After setting, another layer of plaster is applied to the concrete surface usually applied in a thickness of about 1 centimeter. This layer must then be edited several times, including by peeling and rubbing, also called felting. After these operations, the plaster layer has one horizontal and smooth surface. If there is another on this plaster layer others, e.g. an outer plaster layer to be applied, it must also still to be roughened. If the plaster layer serves as interior plaster, it must be The surface can be felted off very smoothly, for example on the construction site directly the interior painting or a wallpaper can be stuck on can.
  • Another disadvantage of the prior art is that when a Plaster in layer thicknesses of about 10 millimeters and more when drying out of the wall element and the plaster different drying shrinkage in the Wall element and plaster takes place, causing chipping or cracking in the Cleaning bowl can lead.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, the horizontal production of To simplify wall components with a plaster coating in the element factory. Both the previously required work steps according to the Application of the upper layer of plaster reduced, as well as different Shrinkage can be avoided. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention corresponding wall component produced using the method according to the invention and to provide a corresponding device.
  • the object is achieved by the invention in a method for Manufacture of wall components with a plaster coating, on which the layer to be plastered in a formwork while lying Manufacturing a flow plaster, i.e. a mortar with a flowable consistency.
  • a flow plaster i.e. a mortar with a flowable consistency.
  • Such mortars used here as flowable plasters are e.g. modified Grouting and grout and modifications of the known Floor leveling compounds. Due to its flowable consistency, it is distributed Plaster on the area below.
  • the formwork can additionally with the layer to be plastered and the Flowing plaster should be shaken until the plaster is a layer of uniform thickness forms.
  • the core of the wall component usually serves as the layer to be plastered, e.g. a layer of concrete, a layer of lightweight concrete or a layer of juxtaposed bricks can be. But it is also conceivable that the layer to be plastered previously on the top of the Element core is applied in any way first plaster layer. This is for example, the case when there is a base coat for the exterior another layer of flowing plaster should be applied. This would i.e. the flow plaster layer the outer plaster layer, i.e. the outer plaster layer, form.
  • a lower layer of plaster can be placed in the lying Formwork to be filled. Then the wall component would be after Stripping both on the inside and on the outside plastered.
  • the core of a wall component can consist of various Materials exist. Usually you use concrete cores, Lightweight concrete cores or a layer of brick. The latter can be on Different ways can be introduced into the formwork: For example a solid, already solid stone, Masonry as a whole are placed in the formwork and then with the inventive methods are plastered like a layer of concrete.
  • the formwork walls can have different heights, their thickness depends on the bricks used as the core or the concrete layer.
  • the other dimensions such as length and width of the formwork can also vary.
  • materials are made by means of a Shaker.
  • the Movement during the swinging or shaking process can be done in different ways Directions are done. It is also conceivable that the shaking, especially at small wall components, done by hand. By shaking the flowable plaster is even better distributed in the formwork, with additional Air pockets can be removed by moving the plaster.
  • that the flow plaster is roughly distributed e.g. through a screed smoother can be done. This way it is faster and more even Distribution of the flowing plaster on the underlying layer guaranteed.
  • the amount of plaster that is filled into the formwork is preferably so dimensioned that the layer thickness after its final distribution 1 to Is 10 millimeters.
  • the amount can be measured such that the plaster layer of the finished element is 3 to 4 millimeters.
  • the upper flow plaster layer of insulation boards on it can be glued to the layer to be plastered.
  • To this Way can be provided with insulation wall components directly in the Factory manufactured and delivered to the construction site. The time consuming Gluing and laying the insulation boards and their cutting would be no longer necessary on the construction site.
  • the flowing plaster to be applied serves as an external plaster, it can also do so be made hydrophobic against driving rain.
  • the fluidized plaster layer additionally contains reinforcement, especially made of fibers.
  • the plaster can be used for both Applications indoors as well as outdoors later Building can be colored.
  • the invention also relates to a device for producing Wall components with a plaster coating using the inventive method and wall components produced with this method.
  • these elements have after stripping uniform on both sides, possibly provided with insulation panels, Plaster layers on which no further processing such as peeling, felting or Roughen need more and hardly have any air pockets.
  • the Areas created can be painted or wallpapered directly on request become.
  • a formwork frame 1 made of metal can be seen, which on a smooth metal plate 2 rests. Together, frame 1 and plate 2 form one Encapsulation of. In this one is on both sides with the method according to the invention to recognize plastered wall component, due to the perspective View only the upper plaster layer 5, i.e. the flow plaster layer, too see is.
  • the upper plaster layer 5 i.e. the flow plaster layer
  • the flow plaster layer too see is.
  • the rear area of the wall component there are two rows Insulation boards 6 glued on.
  • Under the metal plate 2 is a device 7 arranged that the entire formwork as well as its filling in vibrations can move. The vibrations occur in different directions, in of the drawing represented by arrows. You improve the even Distribution of the upper plaster layer 5 in the flowable state, that is, before gluing the insulation panels 6, in the formwork on the underlying Surface, here the top of a concrete slab.
  • Figure 1b shows a section through the device according to the invention and the materials in it.
  • the vibrator 7 on which in turn the smooth, on the top, Metal plate 2 rests.
  • the metal plate 2 On the metal plate 2 is the metal frame 1.
  • a plaster layer 3 with a thickness of 4 millimeters given on which then a concrete layer 4 in a thickness of 18 centimeters was poured. After setting the concrete was on given its top leveling plaster 5, the first with a screed smoother was roughly distributed.
  • the vibrator 7 By operating the vibrator 7, the flow plaster 5 to a uniformly thick layer of another 4 millimeters distributed.
  • Insulation boards 6 placed on the not yet dried plaster 5 and glued in this way to the underlying concrete layer 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)

Abstract

To produce a wall unit, with a plaster cladding, it lies horizontally in a shell mold (1). A liquid plaster (5) is applied to the layer (4) to be plastered. A vibrator (7) shakes the mold assembly to spread the plaster in an even thickness of 1-10 mm and preferably 3-4 mm over the layer to be cladded, and the plaster is dried.. The layer to be plastered is of concrete or a light concrete, or a brick structure, and the mold vibration ensures that the plaster penetrates into the gaps between bricks. The plaster can be mixed with reinforcement fibers, and acts as an adhesive for applied insulation boards.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft die liegende Fertigung von Wandbauelementen mit einer Putzbeschichtung sowie entsprechende mit dem Verfahren hergestellte Wandbauelemente.The invention relates to the horizontal production of wall components with a Plaster coating and corresponding wall components manufactured using the method.

Die Fertigteilbranche bietet Wandbauelemente sowohl für den Wohnungsbau als auch für den Industriebau an. Die Elemente werden in Form von gegossenen Betonplatten, Leichtbetonplatten oder fertigen Mauerwerken in verschiedenen Größen vom Elementwerk zu den Baustellen geliefert, wo sie zusammengefügt und verputzt werden. In vielen Fällen ist im Innenbereich des späteren Gebäudes nur eine Spachtelung nötig, nämlich wenn das Wandbauelement entsprechend glatt ist, im Außenbereich hingegen muß ein Grundputz sowie ein Edelputz aufgetragen werden.The precast industry offers wall building elements for both residential construction as well as for industrial construction. The elements are in the form of cast concrete slabs, lightweight concrete slabs or finished masonry in different sizes from the element factory to the construction sites where they are delivered be put together and plastered. In many cases it is indoors the subsequent building only needs filling, namely if that Wall component is correspondingly smooth, on the other hand, a must Basic plaster and a fine plaster can be applied.

In zunehmendem Maße werden die Wandbauelemente, d.h. die rohen Betonplatten, Leichtbetonplatten bzw. Mauerwerke, bereits beim Hersteller verputzt. Das zeitaufwendige Verputzen auf der Baustelle, ausgenommen das der Fugen zwischen den einzelnen Elementen, ist dadurch nicht mehr nötig.The wall components, i.e. the raw concrete slabs, Lightweight concrete slabs or masonry, already plastered by the manufacturer. The time-consuming plastering on the construction site, except that of the joints between the individual elements is no longer necessary.

Die Herstellung von Wandbauelementen mit einer Putzbeschichtung erfolgt in den Elementwerken unter anderem liegend in einer waagerechten Einschalung, in die zunächst ein Dünnlagenleichtputz als Innen- oder Außenputz gegeben wird. Anschließend wird auf die Putzschicht Beton oder Leichtbeton gegossen. Nach dem Abbinden wird auf die Betonoberfläche eine weitere Putzschicht, in der Regel in einer Dicke von etwa 1 Zentimeter, aufgetragen. Diese Schicht muß dann mehrmals bearbeitet werden, u.a. durch Abziehen sowie Abreiben, auch Abfilzen genannt. Nach diesen Arbeitsgängen hat die Putzschicht eine waagerechte und glatte Oberfläche. Wenn auf diese Putzschicht noch eine weitere, z.B. eine Außenputzschicht, aufgebracht werden soll, muß sie außerdem noch aufgerauht werden. Dient die Putzschicht als Innenputz, so muß ihre Oberfläche ganz glatt abgefilzt werden, damit auf der Baustelle beispielsweise direkt der Innenanstrich aufgetragen oder eine Tapete aufgeklebt werden kann. The production of wall components with a plaster coating takes place in the element works, among other things, lying in a horizontal formwork, in who first given a thin layer of light plaster as an interior or exterior plaster becomes. Then concrete or lightweight concrete is poured onto the plaster layer. After setting, another layer of plaster is applied to the concrete surface usually applied in a thickness of about 1 centimeter. This layer must then be edited several times, including by peeling and rubbing, also called felting. After these operations, the plaster layer has one horizontal and smooth surface. If there is another on this plaster layer others, e.g. an outer plaster layer to be applied, it must also still to be roughened. If the plaster layer serves as interior plaster, it must be The surface can be felted off very smoothly, for example on the construction site directly the interior painting or a wallpaper can be stuck on can.

Die Herstellung von verputzten Wandbauelementen im Elementwerk ist allerdings sehr aufwendig. Insbesondere die Arbeitsgänge Abziehen, Filzen und Aufrauhen der oberen Putzschicht verlangsamen den Produktionsablauf.However, the production of plastered wall components in the element factory is very complex. In particular, the operations of peeling, felting and Roughening the upper layer of plaster slows down the production process.

Ein weiterer Nachteil des Standes der Technik ist, daß beim Aufbringen eines Putzes in Schichtdicken von etwa 10 Millimetern und mehr beim Austrocknen des Wandelements und des Putzes unterschiedliches Trocknungsschwinden im Wandelement und Putz stattfindet, was zu Abplatzungen oder Rissen in der Putzschale führen kann.Another disadvantage of the prior art is that when a Plaster in layer thicknesses of about 10 millimeters and more when drying out of the wall element and the plaster different drying shrinkage in the Wall element and plaster takes place, causing chipping or cracking in the Cleaning bowl can lead.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die liegende Fertigung von Wandbauelementen mit einer Putzbeschichtung im Elementwerk zu vereinfachen. Dabei sollen sowohl die bisher notwendigen Arbeitsgänge nach dem Aufbringen der oberen Putzschicht reduziert, als auch unterschiedliches Schwinden vermieden werden. Weiterhin ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein entsprechendes mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestelltes Wandbauelement sowie eine entsprechende Vorrichtung bereitzustellen.The invention is therefore based on the object, the horizontal production of To simplify wall components with a plaster coating in the element factory. Both the previously required work steps according to the Application of the upper layer of plaster reduced, as well as different Shrinkage can be avoided. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention corresponding wall component produced using the method according to the invention and to provide a corresponding device.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe durch die Erfindung besteht in einem Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wandbauelementen mit einer Putzbeschichtung, bei dem auf die in einer Einschalung befindliche zu verputzende Schicht bei liegender Fertigung ein Fließputz, d.h. ein Mörtel fließfähiger Konsistenz, gegeben wird. Derartige hier als fließfähige Putze eingesetzte Mörtel sind z.B. abgewandelte Verguß- und Verpreßmörtel sowie Abwandlungen der an sich bekannten Bodenausgleichsmassen. Durch seine fließfähige Konsistenz verteilt sich der Putz bereits auf der darunterliegenden Fläche. Die Einschalung kann aber zusätzlich noch mit der darin befindlichen zu verputzenden Schicht und dem Fließputz gerüttelt werden, bis der Fließputz eine Schicht gleichmäßiger Dicke bildet.The object is achieved by the invention in a method for Manufacture of wall components with a plaster coating, on which the layer to be plastered in a formwork while lying Manufacturing a flow plaster, i.e. a mortar with a flowable consistency. Such mortars used here as flowable plasters are e.g. modified Grouting and grout and modifications of the known Floor leveling compounds. Due to its flowable consistency, it is distributed Plaster on the area below. The formwork can additionally with the layer to be plastered and the Flowing plaster should be shaken until the plaster is a layer of uniform thickness forms.

Als zu verputzende Schicht dient in der Regel der Kern des Wandbauelements, der z.B. eine Betonschicht, eine Leichtbetonschicht oder eine Schicht aus nebeneinander angeordneten Mauersteinen sein kann. Denkbar ist aber auch, daß die zu verputzende Schicht eine bereits zuvor auf die Oberseite des Elementkerns in beliebiger Weise aufgebrachte erste Putzschicht ist. Dies ist zum Beispiel dann der Fall, wenn für den Außenbereich auf eine Grundputzschicht noch eine Fließputzschicht aufgetragen werden soll. Hierbei würde also die Fließputzschicht die äußere Putzschicht, d.h. die Außenputzschicht, bilden.The core of the wall component usually serves as the layer to be plastered, e.g. a layer of concrete, a layer of lightweight concrete or a layer of juxtaposed bricks can be. But it is also conceivable that the layer to be plastered previously on the top of the Element core is applied in any way first plaster layer. This is for example, the case when there is a base coat for the exterior another layer of flowing plaster should be applied. This would i.e. the flow plaster layer the outer plaster layer, i.e. the outer plaster layer, form.

Es ist auch denkbar, daß bei einem Element mit mehreren Putzschichten das Auftragen einzelner Schichten mit anderen Mitteln bzw. Verfahren erfolgen kann. Zumindest sollte aber die äußere Schicht mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren aufgebracht werden, da diese dadurch besonders glatt und gleichmäßig wird.It is also conceivable that in the case of an element with several layers of plaster Individual layers are applied using other means or methods can. At least, however, the outer layer should be in accordance with the invention Processes are applied, as this makes them particularly smooth and even becomes.

Auch schon vor dem Einfüllen des Kernmaterials, z.B. des Betons, Leichtbetons oder der Mauersteine, kann eine untere Putzschicht in die liegende Einschalung gefüllt werden. Dann wäre das Wandbauelement nach dem Ausschalen sowohl auf der späteren Innenseite wie auch auf der Außenseite verputzt.Even before filling the core material, e.g. of concrete, lightweight concrete or the bricks, a lower layer of plaster can be placed in the lying Formwork to be filled. Then the wall component would be after Stripping both on the inside and on the outside plastered.

Der Kern eines Wandbauelements kann, wie zuvor erwähnt, aus verschiedenen Materialien bestehen. In der Regel verwendet man Betonkerne, Leichtbetonkerne oder eine Schicht aus Mauersteinen. Letztere kann auf verschiedene Weisen in die Schalung eingebracht werden: So kann beispielsweise ein aus bereits vermörtelten Steinen bestehendes, also festes, Mauerwerk als Ganzes in die Einschalung gelegt werden und dann mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wie eine Betonschicht verputzt werden.As previously mentioned, the core of a wall component can consist of various Materials exist. Usually you use concrete cores, Lightweight concrete cores or a layer of brick. The latter can be on Different ways can be introduced into the formwork: For example a solid, already solid stone, Masonry as a whole are placed in the formwork and then with the inventive methods are plastered like a layer of concrete.

Es ist aber auch denkbar, daß die Mauersteine einzeln in die Form gelegt werden und noch nicht durch Mörtel miteinander verbunden sind. Um einen gleichmäßigen Fugenabstand zwischen den Steinen zu erhalten, können Abstandshalter benutzt werden. Im Fall einzelner, noch nicht vermörtelter, Steine kann der Fließputz gleichzeitig zum Füllen der Fugen verwendet werden. Der auf die Steine gegebene Fließputz verteilt sich dann auch in den Fugen. Dieser Vorgang kann durch zusätzliches Rütteln der Einschalung noch erleichtert werden. Ein vorangehendes Vermörteln der Mauersteine ist somit nicht nötig. Das Herstellen eines festen Elementkerns und das Verputzen sind dann ein einziger Arbeitsgang. Durch bestimmtes Anordnen der Steine in der Schalung, z.B. durch ihr Plazieren auf Abstandshaltern, kann sich der Putz, insbesondere während des Rüttelns, nicht nur in den Fugen und auf den Steinen, sondern auch darunter verteilen. In diesem Fall wird mit einem einzigen Arbeitsgang aus lose nebeneinander liegenden Mauersteinen ein beidseitig verputztes Wandbauelement hergestellt.But it is also conceivable that the bricks placed individually in the form and are not yet connected by mortar. To one to maintain an even gap between the stones Spacers are used. In the case of individual, not yet mortarized, Flowing plaster can also be used to fill the joints with stones become. The flow plaster given on the stones is then distributed into the Put. This process can be done by additionally shaking the formwork be relieved. A previous mortaring of the bricks is therefore not necessary. The making of a solid element core and the plastering are then a single operation. By arranging the stones in the Formwork, e.g. by placing them on spacers, the plaster, especially during shaking, not just in the joints and on the Stones, but also distribute underneath. In this case, one single work step from loose bricks lying next to each other Wall element plastered on both sides.

Die Einschalungswände können verschiedene Höhen aufweisen, deren Dicke von den als Kern verwendeten Mauersteinen bzw. der Betonschicht abhängt. Auch die übrigen Abmessungen wie Länge und Breite der Einschalung können variieren.The formwork walls can have different heights, their thickness depends on the bricks used as the core or the concrete layer. The other dimensions such as length and width of the formwork can also vary.

Das zusätzlich mögliche Rütteln der Einschalung mit den darin befindlichen Materialien erfolgt gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform mittels einer Rüttelvorrichtung. Diese überträgt mechanische Schwingungen auf die Einschalung und die in der Einschalung befindliche zu verputzende Schicht. Die Bewegung während des Schwing- bzw. Rüttelvorgangs kann in verschiedenen Richtungen erfolgen. Denkbar ist auch, daß das Rütteln, insbesondere bei kleinen Wandbauelementen, von Hand erfolgt. Durch das Rütteln wird der fließfähige Putz noch besser in der Einschalung verteilt, wobei zusätzlich Lufteinschlüsse durch die Bewegung der Putzmasse entfernt werden.The additional possible shaking of the formwork with the ones inside According to a preferred embodiment, materials are made by means of a Shaker. This transmits mechanical vibrations to the Formwork and the layer to be plastered in the formwork. The Movement during the swinging or shaking process can be done in different ways Directions are done. It is also conceivable that the shaking, especially at small wall components, done by hand. By shaking the flowable plaster is even better distributed in the formwork, with additional Air pockets can be removed by moving the plaster.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß der Fließputz grob verteilt wird, was z.B. durch einen Estrichglätter erfolgen kann. Auf diese Weise ist eine schnellere und gleichmäßigere Verteilung des Fließputzes auf der darunterliegenden Schicht gewährleistet.According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, that the flow plaster is roughly distributed, e.g. through a screed smoother can be done. This way it is faster and more even Distribution of the flowing plaster on the underlying layer guaranteed.

Die Menge des Putzes, der in die Einschalung gefüllt wird, ist vorzugsweise so bemessen, daß die Schichtdicke nach seiner endgültigen Verteilung 1 bis 10 Millimeter beträgt. Insbesondere läßt sich die Menge derart bemessen, daß die Putzschicht des fertigen Elements 3 bis 4 Millimeter beträgt. Ein nachträgliches Abziehen und Abreiben des Putzes ist mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren somit nicht mehr nötig. Das Aufbringen einer Putzbeschichtung und somit die gesamte Herstellung von liegenden Wandbauelementen wird dadurch im Elementwerk deutlich vereinfacht. The amount of plaster that is filled into the formwork is preferably so dimensioned that the layer thickness after its final distribution 1 to Is 10 millimeters. In particular, the amount can be measured such that the plaster layer of the finished element is 3 to 4 millimeters. An afterthought Removing and rubbing the plaster is with the invention The procedure is therefore no longer necessary. Applying a plaster coating and thus the entire manufacture of horizontal wall components thereby significantly simplified in the element plant.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, daß unmittelbar nach dem Verteilen der oberen Fließputzschicht Dämmplatten darauf gelegt werden können und so mit der zu verputzenden Schicht verklebt werden. Auf diese Weise können mit einer Dämmung versehene Wandbauelemente direkt im Werk hergestellt und zur Baustelle geliefert werden. Das zeitaufwendige Verkleben und Auflegen der Dämmplatten sowie deren Zuschnitt wäre somit auf der Baustelle nicht mehr nötig.In a further embodiment it is provided that immediately after the Spread the upper flow plaster layer of insulation boards on it can be glued to the layer to be plastered. To this Way can be provided with insulation wall components directly in the Factory manufactured and delivered to the construction site. The time consuming Gluing and laying the insulation boards and their cutting would be no longer necessary on the construction site.

Soll der aufzubringende Fließputz als Außenputz dienen, so kann dieser auch gegen Schlagregen hydrophobiert werden. Für spezielle Ausgestaltungen kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Fließputzschicht zusätzlich noch eine Bewehrung, insbesondere aus Fasern, aufweist. Weiterhin kann der Putz sowohl für die Anwendungen im Innenbereich als auch im Außenbereich des späteren Gebäudes eingefärbt werden.If the flowing plaster to be applied serves as an external plaster, it can also do so be made hydrophobic against driving rain. For special designs it should be provided that the fluidized plaster layer additionally contains reinforcement, especially made of fibers. Furthermore, the plaster can be used for both Applications indoors as well as outdoors later Building can be colored.

Gleichermaßen betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Wandbauelementen mit einer Putzbeschichtung unter Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sowie mit diesem Verfahren hergestellte Wandbauelemente. Diese Elemente weisen im Idealfall nach dem Ausschalen auf beiden Seiten gleichmäßige, gegebenenfalls mit Dämmplatten versehene, Putzschichten auf, die keiner weiteren Bearbeitung wie Abziehen, Filzen oder Aufrauhen mehr bedürfen und kaum noch Lufteinschlüsse aufweisen. Die entstandenen Flächen können auf Wunsch direkt gestrichen oder tapeziert werden.The invention also relates to a device for producing Wall components with a plaster coating using the inventive method and wall components produced with this method. Ideally, these elements have after stripping uniform on both sides, possibly provided with insulation panels, Plaster layers on which no further processing such as peeling, felting or Roughen need more and hardly have any air pockets. The Areas created can be painted or wallpapered directly on request become.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung beispielhaft anhand von Zeichnungen verdeutlicht:

  • Figur 1a zeigt in perspektivischer Ansicht eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit Rüttelvorrichtung und
  • Figur 1b zeigt schematisch einen Schnitt durch die Vorrichtung.
    • The invention is illustrated below by way of example with reference to drawings:
  • Figure 1a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention with vibrating device and
  • Figure 1b shows schematically a section through the device.

    • In Figur 1a ist ein Einschalungsrahmen 1 aus Metall zu sehen, der auf einer glatten Metallplatte 2 aufliegt. Zusammen bilden Rahmen 1 und Platte 2 eine Einschalung. In dieser ist ein mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beidseitig verputztes Wandbauelement zu erkennen, wobei bedingt durch die perspektivische Ansicht nur die obere Putzschicht 5, d.h. die Fließputzschicht, zu sehen ist. Im hinteren Bereich des Wandbauelements sind zwei Reihen mit Dämmplatten 6 aufgeklebt. Unter der Metallplatte 2 ist eine Vorrichtung 7 angeordnet, die die gesamte Einschalung sowie ihre Füllung in Schwingungen versetzen kann. Die Schwingungen erfolgen in verschiedenen Richtungen, in der Zeichnung dargestellt durch Pfeile. Sie verbessern die gleichmäßige Verteilung der oberen Putzschicht 5 im fließfähigen Zustand, also noch vor dem Aufkleben der Dämmplatten 6, in der Einschalung auf der darunterliegenden Fläche, hier der Oberseite einer Betonplatte.In Figure 1a, a formwork frame 1 made of metal can be seen, which on a smooth metal plate 2 rests. Together, frame 1 and plate 2 form one Encapsulation of. In this one is on both sides with the method according to the invention to recognize plastered wall component, due to the perspective View only the upper plaster layer 5, i.e. the flow plaster layer, too see is. In the rear area of the wall component there are two rows Insulation boards 6 glued on. Under the metal plate 2 is a device 7 arranged that the entire formwork as well as its filling in vibrations can move. The vibrations occur in different directions, in of the drawing represented by arrows. You improve the even Distribution of the upper plaster layer 5 in the flowable state, that is, before gluing the insulation panels 6, in the formwork on the underlying Surface, here the top of a concrete slab.

    Figur 1b zeigt einen Schnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung und die darin befindlichen Materialien. Unter der Vorrichtung ist zunächst die Rüttelvorrichtung 7 zu erkennen, auf der wiederum die, an der Oberseite glatte, Metallplatte 2 aufliegt. Auf der Metallplatte 2 liegt der Metallrahmen 1. In die Einschalung wurde zunächst eine Putzschicht 3 in einer Dicke von 4 Millimetern gegeben, auf die anschließend eine Betonschicht 4 in einer Dicke von 18 Zentimetern gegossen wurde. Nach dem Abbinden des Betons wurde auf seine Oberseite Fließputz 5 gegeben, der zunächst mit einem Estrichglätter grob verteilt wurde. Durch Betätigen der Rüttelvorrichtung 7 wurde der Fließputz 5 zu einer gleichmäßig dicken Schicht von wiederum 4 Millimetern verteilt. Anschließend wurden die beiden Reihen der in Figur 1b nicht sichtbaren Dämmplatten 6 auf den noch nicht getrockneten Fließputz 5 gelegt und auf diese Weise mit der darunter befindlichen Betonschicht 4 verklebt.Figure 1b shows a section through the device according to the invention and the materials in it. Under the device is the vibrator 7 on which in turn the smooth, on the top, Metal plate 2 rests. On the metal plate 2 is the metal frame 1. In the Formwork was first a plaster layer 3 with a thickness of 4 millimeters given on which then a concrete layer 4 in a thickness of 18 centimeters was poured. After setting the concrete was on given its top leveling plaster 5, the first with a screed smoother was roughly distributed. By operating the vibrator 7, the flow plaster 5 to a uniformly thick layer of another 4 millimeters distributed. The two rows were then those that are not visible in FIG. 1b Insulation boards 6 placed on the not yet dried plaster 5 and glued in this way to the underlying concrete layer 4.

    Nach erfolgtem Trocknen und Abbinden aller drei Schichten kann die Einschalung entfernt und das Wandbauelement liegend oder stehend zur Baustelle transportiert werden. After all three layers have dried and set, the Formwork removed and the wall component lying or standing Construction site to be transported.

    BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

    11
    EinschalungsrahmenEinschalungsrahmen
    22
    Metallplattemetal plate
    33
    untere Putzschichtlower plaster layer
    44
    zu verputzende Schichtlayer to be plastered
    55
    obere Putzschicht aus Fließputzupper layer of plaster
    66
    DämmplatteInsulation Board
    77
    Rüttelvorrichtungshaker

    Claims (16)

    Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wandbauelementen mit einer Putzbeschichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei liegender Fertigung auf die in einer Einschalung (1) befindliche außen zu verputzende Schicht (4) ein Fließputz (5) gegeben und gegebenenfalls die Einschalung (1) mit der zu verputzenden Schicht (4) und dem Fließputz (5) gerüttelt wird, bis der Fließputz (5) eine Schicht gleichmäßiger Dicke bildet.Process for the production of wall components with a plaster coating, characterized in that, with production lying flat, a flow plaster (5) is applied to the layer (4) to be plastered on the outside in a formwork (1) and optionally the formwork (1) with the layer to be plastered (4) and the flow plaster (5) is shaken until the flow plaster (5) forms a layer of uniform thickness. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu verputzende Schicht (4) eine Betonschicht oder eine Leichtbetonschicht ist.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer (4) to be plastered is a concrete layer or a light concrete layer. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu verputzende Schicht (4) eine Schicht aus nebeneinander angeordneten Mauersteinen ist.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer (4) to be plastered is a layer of bricks arranged side by side. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fließputzschicht (5) die Außenputzschicht bildet.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flow plaster layer (5) forms the outer plaster layer. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Fließputz (5), insbesondere während des Rüttelns, auch in den Fugen zwischen den Steinen verteilt.Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the flow plaster (5), in particular during shaking, is also distributed in the joints between the stones. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steine derart angeordnet sind, daß sich der Fließputz (5), insbesondere während des Rüttelns, auch unter den Steinen verteilt.Method according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the stones are arranged in such a way that the flow plaster (5), especially during shaking, is also distributed among the stones. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rütteln mittels einer Rüttelvorrichtung (7) erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shaking is carried out by means of a shaking device (7). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fließputz (5), z.B. mit einem Estrichglätter, grob verteilt wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the flow plaster (5) is roughly distributed, for example with a screed smoother. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Menge des Fließputzes (5) derart bemessen ist, daß die Schichtdicke nach seiner Verteilung 1 bis 10 mm, insbesondere 3 bis 4 mm, beträgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the amount of the flowing plaster (5) is dimensioned such that the layer thickness after its distribution is 1 to 10 mm, in particular 3 to 4 mm. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fließputzschicht (5) hydrophobiert wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the flow plaster layer (5) is made hydrophobic. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fließputzschicht (5) eine Bewehrung aufweist.Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the flow plaster layer (5) has reinforcement. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewehrung aus Fasern besteht.A method according to claim 11, characterized in that the reinforcement consists of fibers. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fließputzschicht (5) eingefärbt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the flow plaster layer (5) is colored. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Dämmplatten (6) durch die Fließputzschicht (5) mit der zu verputzenden Schicht (4) verklebt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that insulation boards (6) are glued to the layer (4) to be plastered through the flow plaster layer (5). Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14.Device for performing the method according to one of the claims 1 to 14. Wandbauelement, das mit dem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14 hergestellt ist.Wall component using the method according to one of the claims 1 to 14 is made.
    EP02007950A 2001-04-12 2002-04-09 Method and apparatus for the production of building wall elements having a mortar coating and corresponding building wall element Expired - Lifetime EP1249560B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10118288A DE10118288A1 (en) 2001-04-12 2001-04-12 Method and device for the production of wall components with a plaster coating and corresponding wall component
    DE10118288 2001-04-12

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    EP1249560A2 true EP1249560A2 (en) 2002-10-16
    EP1249560A3 EP1249560A3 (en) 2003-08-20
    EP1249560B1 EP1249560B1 (en) 2011-11-16

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    EP (1) EP1249560B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE533902T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE10118288A1 (en)
    PL (1) PL199057B1 (en)

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    CN101791173A (en) * 2010-03-19 2010-08-04 吴江龙泾红贝家装有限公司 Clamshell-decorated chicken cabinet
    CN101806132A (en) * 2010-03-19 2010-08-18 吴江龙泾红贝家装有限公司 Clam shell decorative brick used for decoration in bathroom
    CN108265947A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-07-10 上海墙特节能材料有限公司 A kind of wall facing moulding mould and the method for making facing moulding

    Families Citing this family (1)

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    CN109594679A (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-04-09 杭州江润科技有限公司 Prefabricated assembled wall and construction method

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    DE2520773A1 (en) 1974-05-16 1975-11-27 Anton Brenner Prefabricated reinforced brick walls with plaster surface - using a form for both operations
    EP0756047A2 (en) 1995-07-26 1997-01-29 Ziegelmontagebau Winklmann GmbH & Co KG Method of making prefabricated plastered masonry walls, and formwork table for executing such a method

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    CN101791173A (en) * 2010-03-19 2010-08-04 吴江龙泾红贝家装有限公司 Clamshell-decorated chicken cabinet
    CN101806132A (en) * 2010-03-19 2010-08-18 吴江龙泾红贝家装有限公司 Clam shell decorative brick used for decoration in bathroom
    CN108265947A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-07-10 上海墙特节能材料有限公司 A kind of wall facing moulding mould and the method for making facing moulding

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP1249560B1 (en) 2011-11-16
    DE10118288A1 (en) 2002-10-17
    EP1249560A3 (en) 2003-08-20
    PL353384A1 (en) 2002-10-21
    ATE533902T1 (en) 2011-12-15
    PL199057B1 (en) 2008-08-29

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