DE19816099A1 - Connection assembly for use in steel constructions esp. in building construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The connection assembly has a cavity (15) with a waste injection opening (29), and an outlet (31,32). The cavity is filled with fluid thermosetting filler with a mineral base. A part of the column section (11) and another attaching part (13) are connected, and a connection element (14) serves to connect the attaching part to the column section non-positively. The connection element comprises bolts and either the inlet or outlet have a plate (21,24) formation.

Description

The present invention relates to a connection arrangement for Ver binding of at least two to be positively connected with each other Share with one through a cavity of at least one part performed connecting element.

Connection arrangements of the aforementioned type are, for example often used in steel construction, especially in building construction, to make up single to create composite supporting structures. Here are used to connect the parts to be connected in the Rule bolt connections are used as fasteners that a Allow parts to be clamped using a threaded bolt. For this will steep in the case of two interconnection to be connected Through holes of the connecting parts in an overlap ge brings so that the bolt passes through both connecting parts and the connecting parts by screwing the bolt into a thread the nut can be clamped together.

In conventional building construction, where steel support elements are used together are connected, the bolt connections also become conventional designed with the bolt connections with a sufficiently large  dimensioned prestressing force can be braced with the support elements must to prevent the weight of the support structure and due to loads occurring during operation, such as Windla most in the case of facade support structures, harmful shear loads act on the bolt connection. In the case of Stahlkon Structures possible because of the special material and Surface properties of steel so large surface pressures between the bolt head of the threaded bolt and the support element can be realized are that without a negative influence on the material structure of the A sufficiently large bolt preload force can be set, to compensate for signs of settlement that occur over time can.

When using other building materials that are not high Surface strength of steel, so not a correspondingly high allowable surface pressure, however, the use of the first described conventional bolt connections as inadmissible proven. This is especially true when using brittle Materials, such as glass, too, where the surface is too high pressings, especially in the edge area of through holes, there is a high risk of breakage. In addition, such materials are also unable to do that with conventional connector assemblies to withstand high embrasure pressures that occur in the long run, because unlike ductile materials, there is no reduction in stress peaks through plastic material deformation.

With such materials, one has therefore switched to the for the bolt connection necessary through holes support sleeves, esp special of metal, to use the above, for a Bol to compensate for less suitable material behavior.

With such a construction of the bolt connection, however, result problems with the assembly of appropriate support structures often because the individual support elements in situ with their mounting holes in one Overlap must be brought to insert a sleeve  can and then the support elements through the inserted into the sleeve put bolt connection to secure in their relative position.

As an alternative to the use of support sleeves mentioned above there is also the possibility of a positive connection between the parts to be joined together via a pouring compound To produce plastic with the after making a bolt connection between the connecting parts between the connecting bolt and gaps remaining in the through holes are filled. When using such a plastic pouring compound however, emphasized that due to age-related changes in the Material structure of the plastic, for example due to UV-Be radiation, or by creeping due to long-term exposure does not require sufficient fatigue strength of such a connection is achievable.

The present invention is therefore based on the object Connection arrangement for permanent connection to propose other parts to be connected which are also reliable and enables easy connection between parts that are in the A relatively low permissible surface pressure compared to steel sen.

This task is accomplished by a connection arrangement with the features of claim 1 solved.

In the connection arrangement according to the invention that is at least Partially formed cavity for the passage of the connection elements with a filling opening and a degassing opening and is filled with a mineral-based filler. Hereby it is possible first to produce the connection arrangement Connecting element through the cavity of the at least one part lead through and a connection securing the relative position between parts and only afterwards by filling the remaining cavity has a sufficient adhesion between  the parts to be joined together for a permanently secured Connect. As a result of the essentially about that total volume of the filler with the surrounding to be connected Parts of the resulting frictional connection occur as far as possible Equalization of the embankment pressure, so that the occurrence of dangerous Voltage peaks is largely prevented.

It is felt to be particularly advantageous with this connection arrangement that because of the first between the through the cavity performed connecting element and the associated connection partially remaining sleeve-shaped cavity a limited relative movement between the parts remains possible, if necessary, an adjustment tion of the relative arrangement of the parts. Only after alignment The parts to be joined together are filled in remaining cavity with the initially liquid filler on mine ral basis which, after hardening, is permanent and non-positive Ensures fixation of the connected parts. Through the up closed on the filling opening and the degassing opening Formation of the cavity becomes a complete, viable backfill of the cavity without the risk of forming cavities due to the formation of gas bubbles when filling. In particular, by an addition of suitable blowing agents in the filler a shrinkage of the fill volume of material during the curing process is essentially compensated for the.

The connection provided for establishing the connection arrangement selement can be designed in many different ways, it being in any case arrives that this connecting element at least temporarily, that is until to establish the positive connection via the filler Mineral base, fixing a relative arrangement of each other connecting parts. With this connecting element it can are a simple plug pin or the like, which the Allows absorption of thrust forces. Such a connection can also be used be designed as a threaded bolt, which is a definition of  Relative position of the parts to be connected to one another via Bolt pretension allows frictional forces generated. It is too possible, in the simplest way engaging components in the cavity jumps, such as arranged on a connecting element Cams to define the relative positions of the interconnect end parts. The aforementioned preferably act Fasteners transverse to the main loading direction of the connection arrangement.

In an advantageous variant of the connection arrangement, a part is as Frame part and the other part formed as an attachment, the Cavity is provided in the attachment and the connecting element for non-positive connection of the attachment with the frame part is used. At this variant of the connection arrangement serves the connection arrangement quasi as a force application, starting from, for example conventionally trained steel support structures with a the frame part cantilever extension are provided, a connection with an extension part of any material, such as glass, wood or also to be able to manufacture fiber composite materials. In this together menhang it should be noted that of the here and now The term "part" used also includes part arrangements, so that in particular the variant of the connection an explained above order also the connection of a parts arrangement, i.e. the connection of several parts with a frame part.

According to a further advantageous variant of the invention Connection arrangement are those covered by the connection arrangement Parts as connecting parts of one generated via the connecting element Part composite is formed and the cavity is out in the individual Connection parts formed part cavities. Of the Cavity can also consist of merging, each in the individual Nen connecting parts formed part cavities be. In this variant, the connection arrangement relates in particular the connection of mutually identical connections  share, for example the case of connecting two connections parts made of the same material, such as glass, wood or fiber composite material, such materials in particular in the area of Facade construction can be used.

It proves particularly in the case of the above-mentioned variant turns out to be advantageous if at least the filling opening or the Degassing opening is formed in the frame part.

It proves to be particularly advantageous if the connecting element is designed as a bolt of a bolt connection device and at least at least the filling opening or the degassing opening in one piece benelement of the bolt connection device is formed. At a such a design of the connection arrangement are the filling openings tion and / or the degassing opening in a anyway required Formed mounting part that is a conventional part of a Bolt connection forms. For example, in the case of a thread bolt connection the disc element from the one normally used Washer exist.

A particular advantage results from the use of a filler on a cement basis for the production of the connection arrangement. In addition to the a beneficial mineral filler Property of largely unaffected by time and stress Such a filler is particularly useful advantageous property that he knows over a wide range cures evenly, unaffected by environmental conditions. In particular, the use of grout or Swelling mortar as a filler was found to be particularly advantageous.

In particular when using the connection arrangement according to the invention In the field of facade construction, it proves to be advantageous if at least at least a part of the parts to be joined together as a glass part det.  

It also proves to be an advantage if at least some of the people are together parts to be connected other than on a supporting structure of a building arranged facade element or glass component is formed.

The attachment can be used as a glass component and the frame part as one Be part of the supporting structure of the building. Furthermore it is possible to design the connecting parts as glass components.

Basically, it should be noted that such a building support structure both around the support structure of the building envelope, i.e. at for example the building facade, as well as the interior of the Building segmenting inner building structure can act. Dement speaking the parts to be connected to the support structure as Glass components, for example when used as transparent Facade elements or as room divider elements or transparent Supporting elements of the inner building structure or outer building structure be trained.

In the event that the parts to be joined together are parts of the building shell, i.e. the outer structure of the building, the attachment can be used as Facade element and the frame part as part of the supporting structure of the Building facade or as a preferably adjustable connection element formed between the support structure and the facade element be.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below essen connection arrangement with reference to the drawings explained. Show it:

Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the connection arrangement as a force application.

Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the connection arrangement for connecting two similar connecting parts;

Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the connection arrangement for connecting two similar connecting parts;

Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the connection arrangement for connecting two similar connecting parts in a partially sectioned side view;

FIG. 5 shows the connection arrangement shown in FIG. 4 in a cross-sectional illustration;

Fig. 6 is yet another embodiment of the Verbindungsanord voltage for connecting two similar connecting parts;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the connec tion arrangement shown in Figure 6 along the section line VII-VII in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a connection arrangement for producing a spatial connection support structure;

9 shows a further embodiment of a connection arrangement for producing a spatial connection supporting structure.

Fig. 10 shows a connection arrangement for producing a complex support structure made of steel elements and glass, such as a combination of a laminated glass assembly and steel cables or steel rods.

Fig. 1 is designed as a force transmission connection assembly 10 for connecting a full frame part 11 formed like a fork here with a plurality of glass sheets 12 composite assembly 13 is used. The frame part 11 may, for example, be a protruding extension of a supporting structure, in particular a facade supporting structure, and the composite arrangement 13 may be a supporting, bending-resistant facade element, which in practice serves to absorb wind loads acting on the facade. Facade elements of this type are often arranged as vertically standing, transparent supporting elements between the storey levels of a building facade and are referred to as a glass sword. In addition, such support elements can also be used as bending greases in roof and sloping glazing.

For non-positive connection of the composite assembly 13 to the frame part 11 a Querverbin here configured as a threaded bolt 14 is extension element is provided which hindurchge by a transversely and continuously arranged here in the composite assembly 13 cavity 15 leads, and with its end mounting holes 16 and 17 in parallel here arranged fastening cheeks 18 , 19 of the frame part 11 penetrates. At one end of the threaded bolt 14 is a Bol zenkopf 20 with the interposition of a washer 21 on the outside on the one fastening cheek 18 and at the other end of the threaded bolt 14 a threaded nut 23 screwed onto a bolt thread 22 with the interposition of a further washer 24 as a result of a on the threaded bolt 14 applied bolt pretension force.

After inserting the threaded bolt 14 into the cavity 15, the sleeve-shaped filling cavity 25 is filled with a mineral-based filler 26 .

To produce the connection assembly 10 shown in Fig. 1 of the composite assembly 13 in the frame part 11, after insertion, in such a way that an overlap between the cavity 15 of the laminated assembly 13 and the mounting holes 16, 17 of the frame part 11 yields, which in Fig. 1 bolt connection shown. The Bol zenvorspannkraft for producing a non-positive and the Verbun danordnung 13 and the frame part 11 at least temporarily in their Rela tivlage fixing connection is only applied after reaching the desired relative arrangement, that is, after an adjustment of the parts to be connected. Since the bolt pretensioning force applied to the bolt connection only serves to fix the relative arrangement via frictional forces and the bolt connection does not yet have to absorb any operating forces, such as those caused by wind loads applied to a building facade, the bolt pretensioning force can be compared to that of conventional bolt connections, which also and must bear loads, the required bolt preload forces are comparatively low. As a result, the surface pressures occurring in particular in the cavity 15 of the composite arrangement 13 surrounding outer edge region 27 , 28 are comparatively low.

The manufacture of a connection arrangement 10 that is ultimately stable is achieved by subsequently filling the remaining filling cavity 25 with the filler 26 . For this purpose, be provided 14 extending filling duct 29 in the present case the threaded bolt 14 a by the bolt head 20 in the longitudinal direction of the threaded bolt, in a transverse transitioning to the longitudinal axis of the threaded bolt 14 outflow channel 30 passes, which opens into the Verfüllhohlraum 25th In order to enable a largely complete filling of the filling cavity 25 with filler material 26 , in the present case a ventilation opening is provided in the fastening cheek 18 , which is in fluid communication with a ventilation opening 32 in the washer 24 . In order to ensure that, unaffected by the relative position of the washer 24 with respect to the fastening cheek 18, ventilation of the filling cavity 25 is ensured, a plurality of pairings of filling openings 31 , 32 in the washer 24 and the fastening cheek 18 can also be seen, whereby between Different distances can be provided between the individual ventilation openings 31 and 32 in order to achieve an at least partial coverage of the ventilation openings 31 , 32 .

After hardening of the introduced into the Verfüllhohlraum 25 filling material 26 of this bearing and supporting function is performed, so that now a frictional connection between the frame part 11 and the composite assembly is given 13 through the filler 26 in the Verfüllhohlraum 25th This force circuit is sufficient to derive the static and dynamic loads occurring during operation from the composite arrangement 13 in the frame part 11 .

FIG. 2 shows a connection arrangement 33 which serves for the non-positive connection of a plurality of composite arrangements 34 , 35 and 36 , which in the present case are each composed of glass panes 12 . The bolt connection described above with reference to FIG. 1, the parts of which therefore have the same reference numerals here as in FIG. 1, is also used to produce the force fit necessary for fixing the relative arrangement between the composite arrangements 34 , 35 and 36 . Also in the case of the connection arrangement 33 shown in FIG. 2, the frictional connection required for the transmission of operating forces between the parts to be connected to one another, that is to say here the composite arrangements 34 , 35 and 36 , is formed via the hardened filler 26 . For this purpose, partial cavities 37 , 38 and 39 are formed in the individual verb assemblies 34 , 35 and 36 , which form a composite overall cavity 40 . It is because of the initially liquid physical state of the filler 26 is not a mutually aligned arrangement of the limitation of the individual sub-cavities. Unaffected by protrusions or undercuts in the wall of the entire cavity, a complete filling of the filler, which enables a comprehensive adhesion, is achieved.

In the following, further application possibilities and embodiments of the connection arrangement are explained with reference to the further FIGS. 3 to 10.

The connecting arrangement 41 shown in FIG. 3 is a further exemplary embodiment of a connecting arrangement for connecting two connecting parts of the same type, which in the present case are shown as laminated glass arrangements 42 and 43 . In a departure from the connection arrangement 33 shown in FIG. 2, the laminated glass arrangements 42 and 43 are not connected directly here, but rather by means of drawers 44 , 45 connecting the laminated glass arrangements 42 , 43 on both sides. In the illustrated in Fig. 3 embodiment is the construction of a so-called glass sword 46, wherein the laminated glass assemblies 42 and 43 form individual modules of the heavy glass 46 tes. For the positive connection of the laminated glass assemblies 42 and 43 to one another, the drawers 44 , 45 are connected to one another via the laminated glass assemblies 42 , 43 in recesses not shown here, penetrating threaded bolts 47 . Here, the individual threaded bolt 47, as described in detail already in Fig. 1 Darge presented and explained in detail with reference to the illustration in Fig. 1, angeord net in the backfilled by the filler 26 cavity 15 to pick up the filler 26 to the power circuit between the Threaded bolts 47 and the laminated glass assemblies 42 and 43 produce.

In Figs. 4 and 5 is shown 48 in another embodiment, a Verbin-making assembly which is also adapted to be a so-called glass sword of a plurality of glass elements 49, 50 used to build. In contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the connection arrangement 48 shown in FIG. 4 has two essentially U-shaped connection profiles 54 , 55 , which comprise outer edges 51 of the glass elements 49 , 50 and with projections 52 in this case as edge recesses 53 trained recesses of the glass elements 49 , 50 engage. To secure in their relative position relative to the glass elements 49 , 50 , the Verbindungspro file 54 , 55 are connected to one another by threaded bolts 56 , which extend through flanges 57 arranged in each case on the connecting profiles 54 , 55 and parallel to the glass elements 49 , 50 . By tightening the threaded bolts 56 , the connecting profiles 54 , 55 , as shown in FIG. 4, can be secured in their relative position with respect to the glass elements 49 , 50 such that the projections 52 engage in the edge recesses 53 , with 49 between the end regions of the glass elements , 50 a force-free gap 58 is maintained. Subsequently, as already explained in detail with reference to FIG. I, the edge recesses 53 can be filled with the filler 26 analogously to the cavity 15 shown in FIG. I, so that after the filler 26 has cured, the flow of force from the upper glass element 49 runs over the filler 26 in the projections 52 and the connecting profiles 54 , 55 and over the projections 52 and the filler 26 in the lower glass element 50 . This flow of force flow is shown in Fig. 4 with a dash-dotted line.

Fig. 6 shows a principle of the force application via projections 58 with the connection arrangement 48 shown in FIGS . 4 and 5 basically matching connection arrangement 59th

As is particularly clear from Fig. 7, the main difference compared to the connection arrangement 48 is that the projections ge 58 do not engage in edge recesses 53 ( Fig. 4), but rather in recesses 83 , the elements parallel to the thickness direction of the Glasele 49 , 50 extend through the glass elements 49 , 50 .

To produce a frictional connection between the upper glass element 49 and the lower glass element 50 , the projections 58 , as can be seen in particular from FIG. 7, are arranged on the inner sides of drawers 60 , 61 and engage in the passage recesses 83 . To secure the relative positioning of the drawers 60 , 61 relative to the glass elements 49 , 50 , such that a non-force gap 62 is formed between the end regions of the glass elements 49 , 50 , the drawers 60 , 61 are in the present case above themselves in the thickness direction of the glass elements 49 , 50 extending connecting pieces 63 connected to each other. As further shown in FIGS . 6 and 7, in the vorlie case, the connection of the drawers 60 , 61 with the connec tion pieces 63 via a screw connection.

FIGS. 8 and 9 finally show embodiments that the dung Ausbil a spatial link supporting structure using geeig neter embodiments of connecting assemblies 64, 65 ermögli chen. The Fig. 8 shows the connection assembly 64 are constructed as angle brackets in the IMP EXP including the four push plates 66 and which allows the connection of a first laminated glass assembly 67 with two further laminated glass assemblies 68 and 69, the dung each under Ausbil a force-free gap 84 and 85 are non-positively connected to the first laminated glass arrangement 67 at a right angle. By means of such a connection arrangement 64 , it is possible, for example, to construct a fat cross 86 constructed from laminated glass arrangements 67 to 69 , in which the individual laminated glass arrangements 67 to 69 assume the function of bending beams or other spatial structures.

The connection arrangement 65 shown in FIG. 9 also has angled brackets 70 , which in the present case form a support 71 for connecting a laminated glass arrangement 87 to a cross member, which is designed here, for example, as a square tube 88 .

In addition to the connection arrangement 65 , the illustration according to FIG. 9 also has a further connection arrangement 72 , which forms a suspension device on the laminated glass arrangement 87 and, for this purpose, has two slide plates 73 , which have fastening bores 74 at their free ends for connection to any of the laminated glass arrangement 87 have parts to be suspended.

Fig. 10 finally shows a connection arrangement 75 , which - here using the example of a surface support on a large-area, in the present case vertically standing laminated glass arrangement 76 represents - enables the formation of complex support structures using cable braces or tie rods. For this purpose, the connec tion arrangement 75 on both sides of the laminated glass arrangement 76 has a combination of drawers 77 and 78 , both of which have a central connecting bolt 79 , which, analogously to the connec- tion bolt 14 shown in FIG. 1, has a cavity 15 filled with the filler 26 in the laminated glass arrangement 76 penetrates, are connected. Each Schubla rule composite 77 , 78 is formed from individual drawers 80 , which also serve as clamping disks for the frictional reception of performed rope areas 81 of wire ropes 82 . Supported in this way, undesirable surface deflections of the fabric formed here by the composite glass arrangement 76 can be prevented.

According to the structure of the support structure explained above, pull or push rods can also be used instead of wire ropes. The wire ropes, pull or push rods can under any spatial Chen angles on both sides or only on one side of the area to be supported Image can be arranged and can thereby be part of a complex form spatial support structure.

Claims (10)

1. A connection arrangement for connecting at least two parts to be positively connected to one another with a connection element passed through a cavity of at least one part, characterized in that the cavity ( 15 , 40 , 53 , 83 ) has a filling opening ( 29 ) and a degassing opening ( 31 , 32 ) and is filled with a liquid, hardenable filler ( 26 ) on a mineral basis. 2. Connection arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that a part is designed as a frame part ( 11 ) and another part as an attachment part ( 13 ), the cavity ( 15 ) being formed in the attachment part, and the connecting element ( 14 ) for non-positive Connection of the attachment ( 13 ) with the frame part ( 11 ) is used. 3. Connection arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the parts as connecting parts ( 34 , 35 , 36 ; 42 , 43 ; 49 , 50 ; 67 , 68 , 69 ) one over the connecting element ( 14 ; 47 , 52 ; 58 ; 79 ) he created part composite and the cavity ( 40 ) from partial cavities ( 37 , 38 , 39 ; 53 ; 83 ) formed in the individual connecting parts ( 34 , 35 , 36 ; 42 , 43 ; 49 , 50 ; 67 , 68 , 69 ) ) is composed. 4. Connection arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that at least the filling opening ( 29 ) or the Entgasungsöff opening ( 31 , 32 ) is formed in the frame part ( 11 ). 5. Connection arrangement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting element ( 14 ) is designed as a bolt of a Bolzenverbin extension device and at least the filling opening ( 29 ) or the degassing opening ( 31 , 32 ) in a disc benelement ( 21st , 24 ) is formed. 6. Connection arrangement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a filler based on cement, in particular a grout or a swelling mortar, is used as the filler ( 26 ). 7. Connection arrangement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a part of the parts to be connected together ( 11 , 13 ; 34 , 35 , 36 ; 42 , 43 ; 49 , 50 ; 67 , 68 , 69 ) as Glass part is formed. 8. Connection arrangement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least part of the parts to be connected together ( 11 , 13 ; 34 , 35 , 36 ; 42 , 43 ; 49 , 50 ; 67 , 68 , 69 ) as a arranged on a support structure of a building glass component is formed. 9. Connection arrangement according to claim 2 and 8, characterized in that the add-on part ( 13 ) is designed as a glass component, and the frame part ( 11 ) forms part of the supporting structure of the building. 10. Connection arrangement according to claim 3 and 8, characterized in that the connecting parts ( 34 , 35 , 36 ) are formed out as glass components.