DE19709249A1 - Mechanical or rotary separator for removing foreign bodies from liquid manure - Google Patents

Abstract

The liquid manure passes out of a supply pipe through a round pipe section into a rectangular pipe set across the flow direction and from there back through the round pipe section into the supply pipe. The cross section for the rectangular pipe is reduced by a flat iron screwed onto the cover (5) to keep back large foreign bodies. The flat iron can be cleaned or exchanged by opening the cover. For a rotary separator a drive vane (9) is fitted on baffle plates (8) so that the liquid manure flows between the baffle plate and separating plate through an adjustable gap. The gap is adjustable according to the foreign matter to be removed. Rotary cutters can be provided to shred straw etc which would cause blockage.

Description

The currently used slurry spreaders for spreading the slurry close to the ground are at the rear Liquid manure tank attached and are driven by hydraulic motors. These distributors, like also the pump necessary for the conveyance are very susceptible to coarse and Foreign parts that are common in the manure. Because these foreign bodies or clumps often too Blockages, damage and failure of the distribution device are increased and labor-intensive maintenance necessary.

The inventions specified in claims 1 to 4 reduce this maintenance effort a minimum, prevent damage and total failure, and make maintenance very much easy to use and therefore inexpensive.

Explanation of the inventions 1. Separation of coarse constituents and foreign bodies in the slurry before Pump and thereby protect the pump from damage

Because in the manure foreign bodies, such as large stones, concrete parts, loose steel parts from the Stalls in the barn, claws, horns, cleaning rags, or simply larger slurry lumps can occur and this may cause clogging or major damage to the It is necessary to cause the feed pump beforehand. H. before going into the pump come to deposit.  

Figure 1 shows a mechanical separator, Figure 2 shows a rotary separator. Both devices are suitable for separating foreign bodies. It can therefore also be referred to as pump and cutterbar protection. Thanks to their simple and stable construction, they can be manufactured inexpensively and easily installed in the suction or delivery line.

How the foreign matter separator works

Image 1 (mechanical separator):

Fig. 1.1 shows the front view;

Fig. 1.2 shows the side view;

Fig. 1.3 shows the top view;

Fig. 1.4 shows a section along the axis AA in plan view.

As can be seen in the top view ( Fig. 1.3), the manure flows from the pipe through the round pipe section ( 1 ) into the rectangular pipe ( 2 ) attached transversely to the flow direction and from there via the round pipe section ( 3 ) the line back.

In section AA ( Fig. 1.4) it can be seen that the cross section of the rectangular tube is reduced by a flat iron ( 4 ) which is screwed and fastened to the cover ( 5 ). This means that only foreign bodies or coarse slurry of liquid manure that are smaller than the gap can flow through this gap. Foreign bodies that are larger than the adjustable gap remain in the chamber in front of the gap and can be removed by hand at certain intervals.

The gap can vary depending on the nature of the liquid manure and the type of distributor interchangeable flat iron can be set.

To clean or replace the flat iron, just open the lid, then you can simply pull the flat iron out of the guides and against it replace another that creates a different gap width.

Image 2 (rotary separator):

Fig. 2.1 shows the front view;

Fig. 2.2 shows the side view in full section;

Fig. 2.3 shows the top view.

As can be seen in Figure 2, Fig.2.2, the slurry enters the closed housing ( 7 ) at the inlet ( 6 ) and flows against the drive vanes ( 9 ) attached to the baffle plate ( 8 ). This causes the baffle plate ( 8 ) to rotate. From the baffle plate ( 8 ), the manure flows between the baffle plate and the partition plate ( 10 ) through the adjustable gap and reaches the left side in the housing through the circular cutout in the partition plate. Now the slurry continues to flow through the outlet ( 11 ) in the suction or pump circuit.

It is important that you can adjust the gap through which the manure must flow. This is done by the axial adjustment of the baffle plate ( 8 ) on the shaft by means of a clamping screw ( 12 ). The grain size of the foreign bodies to be separated can thus be adjusted depending on the nature of the liquid manure and the type of distribution device. In addition, the rotary movement of the baffle plate prevents the gap from becoming blocked by foreign bodies or lumps.

2. Crushing the coarse parts of the manure

Slurry contamination caused by straw, silage, hay etc., as well Foreign bodies such as wires, plastic cords, etc. lead to the formation of lumps in the manure and thus to block the distribution devices. These then have to be complex Handwork are cleaned, each time a downtime for the slurry application arises. So that this cleaning can be almost completely eliminated, a device has been created invented. With the help of this device it is possible to remove the impurities of the manure to separate or shred them in such a way that they do not cause blockages or other damage bring about. The separated foreign bodies can easily be stopped when the slurry tanker is at a standstill be removed. The shredding can also continue while driving to the application site will.

Figure 3 shows the required device for pumping drums;

Fig. 3.1 shows the front view;

Fig. 3.2 shows the side view;

Fig. 3.3 shows the top view;

Fig. 3.4 shows the section along the axis BB in plan view;

Fig. 3.5 shows the section along the axis AA in plan view.

functionality

The liquid manure enters the housing through the circular inlet ( 15 ) and then hits the adjustable, rotating protective plate ( 16 ). Then it runs around the protective plate and penetrates through the mesh of the perforated plate ( 17 ) into the left part of the housing. From there it returns to the line via the circular outlet ( 18 ).

If there are parts in the manure that are larger than the set distance of the protective plate ( 16 ) to the perforated plate ( 17 ), they remain in the anteroom and are separated in front of the perforated plate ( 17 ). The parts that are smaller than the set gap flow to the perforated plate, are sheared off by the rotating knife ( 20 ) and can thus flow back through the mesh ( 19 ) back into the line. The knife ( 20 ) is pressed against the perforated plate ( 17 ) by a compression spring ( 21 ), which creates the cutting effect. The separated foreign bodies can be removed from the anteroom of the cutting unit through the maintenance opening ( 22 ) when the machine is switched off.

The comminution device is driven by toothed belt, chain drive or hydraulic.

The overpressure that can arise when the perforated plate is blocked (possible due to a blunt knife) is discharged into the barrel via a line ( 23 ) with an adjustable pressure relief valve.

Maintenance of the device

The maintenance of the device is very easy to use. A pressure gauge on the housing of the cutting unit indicates that there is a fault. The display can be done electronically, hydraulically or mechanically. If the pressure rises above a certain point, the housing must be opened via the maintenance cover ( 22 ) so that you can see which maintenance work is required. The maintenance work is as follows:

• 1. Foreign parts are stuck in the perforated plate ( 17 ) and prevent the knife from rotating, in this case the shear pin ( 24 ) must be replaced and the foreign parts removed.
• 2. There are so many foreign parts (stones, etc.) in the housing so that the slurry can no longer flow properly through the perforated disc ( 17 ), then they only have to be removed.
• 3. Perforated disc ( 17 ) and knife ( 20 ) are blunt, ie they have to be reground or replaced with new, different or sharpened ones.

Removal of the perforated plate and the knife

To remove the perforated plate ( 17 ) and the knife ( 20 ), the cover ( 22 ) of the housing must first be opened, then the knife ( 20 ) is pressed against the pressure spring ( 21 ) using a lever. The knife ( 20 ) can be moved freely on the drive shaft ( 25 ), since the drive is positive. The now pressureless perforated plate ( 17 ) can be pulled out of the guides ( 26 ). The lever bar is slowly released, which means that the knife can now be removed from the square of the shaft. If both have been replaced or reground, the installation can be started in reverse order.

Pictures 4 and 4 . 1 show the required device for vacuum drums;

Fig. 4.1 shows the front view;

Fig. 4.2 shows the side view;

Fig. 4.3 shows the top view;

Fig. 4.4 shows the section along the axis FF in plan view;

Fig. 4.5 shows the section along the axis EE in plan view;

Fig. 4.6 shows the section along the axis GG in plan view.

functionality

As shown in Fig. 4.6, the slurry is sucked in via the vacuum pump of the slurry tank through the circular inlet ( 30 ) into the housing ( 31 , Fig. 4.3) and then hits the rotating pump blades ( 32 ). These increase the conveying capacity (and a degree of filling of the drum of almost 90% is reached, which is otherwise only around 60% for vacuum drums filled with cattle manure) and convey the manure into the next chamber, in which it is placed on the rotating protective plate ( 33 ) hits. Then it runs around the protective plate ( 33 ) and penetrates through the sieve mesh ( 34 ) of the perforated plate ( 35 ) into the left part of the housing. From there it returns to the line via the circular outlet ( 36 ).

Otherwise, the function and maintenance is the same as with the pumping pass.  

3. Prevention of clogging by means of a flushing circuit and protection against excess pressure Pump pass

Figure 5 shows the slurry circuit on the pumping pass;

Fig. 5. 1 shows a front view of the pumping drum with circuit;

Fig. 5.2 shows a top view of the pumping barrel.

As can be seen in Fig. 5.1, the pump protection ( 41 ) from Figure 1 or 2 is installed in front of the pump ( 40 ) and the cutting unit ( 42 ) after the pump. Two 3-2-way valves are also installed. The most important thing about this arrangement, however, is the return flow from the distributor device ( 43 ) to the drum. A certain pressure can be set at this return (overpressure protection ( 44 )), from which the liquid manure runs back into the drum. This can never lead to an unacceptable overpressure.

Function of this arrangement

When filling the barrel valve 1 is switched so that the slurry flows from the intake manifold into the pump and then into the shredder. Valve 2 is switched so that the slurry flows from the shredder into the drum.

While driving to the field, valve 1 can now be switched so that the liquid manure flows from the drum back through the pump ( 40 ) and the shredder ( 42 ) back into the drum via valve 2 .

This means that large lumps can be shredded while driving to the application site. When spreading the slurry, valve 1 is switched so that the slurry flows from the drum via the pump ( 40 ) and the shredder ( 42 ). Valve 2 is switched so that the slurry flows to the distributor device. If large lumps cannot now escape into the hoses ( 45 ) via the small outlet holes, they are conveyed back into the drum via the return line ( 46 ) and passed back to the pump and the shredder. This continues until they are small enough to escape or until the barrel is empty. Even storage spaces that are otherwise common on the distribution facilities therefore no longer need to be emptied regularly.

By installing the flushing circuit, the distributor can be operated at very low pressure because the distributor is always exactly filled by the flushing circuit. This in turn has the important advantage that the outlets of the distributor operated with a larger diameter can be. In turn, the risk of constipation is very low.  

4. Vacuum drum with combination pump and cleaning circuit

Figure 6 shows the slurry circuit on the vacuum drum;

Fig. 6.1 shows a front view of the vacuum drum with circuit;

Fig. 6.2 shows a top view of the vacuum drum.

As can be seen in Fig. 6. 1, the pump protection ( 50 ) from Fig. 1 or 2 is installed in front of the pump and then the combination of the pump with cutting unit ( 51 ). Two 3-2-way valves are also installed. The most important thing about this arrangement, however, is the return ( 52 ) from the distributor device to the drum. A certain pressure can be set at this return (overpressure protection ( 53 )), from which the liquid manure runs back into the drum. This can never lead to an unacceptable overpressure. Due to the additional installation of the pump, the drum can be filled almost completely, whereby only one filling up to max. 60% is possible with cattle slurry.

In the normal version of the vacuum drum, the drum is under pressure when spreading the manure. Because the barrel is under pressure, the return cannot work. In the embodiment shown here, the liquid manure is spread by the additional pump ( 51 ) or pumped over and broken down while driving to the field. The drum is depressurized by the application with the additional pump, so that the return works again. The compressor ( 54 ), which generates the excess pressure, is simply switched off when it is discharged or an opening is made from the barrel to the outside via a slide, so that no pressure can build up in the barrel.

Function of this arrangement

The function of the system is the same as that of the pumping barrel.

Claims (4)

1. Separation of foreign bodies by means of a mechanical separator or Rotary separator to prevent damage to the feed pump, on the cutting unit or on the distributor. 2. Simple drive mode and maintenance of the cutting unit and foreign objects Scheiders. 3. Overpressure protection and cleaning circuit of the distribution system to one Prevent clogging of the manifold. 4. Combination pump for vacuum vessel

• a) Complete filling of the vacuum drum in combination with a rotary separator and cutting unit.
• b) As a spreading pump for filling the distribution device in order to restore the function of the pressure and cleaning circuit of the distribution system.