DE19627930A1 - Adjustable mold and device for adjusting the shape of such a surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an adjustable casting mould with a plurality of axially displaceable moulding pins. Each moulding pin has a self-locking threaded mechanism (82, 84) by way of which the moulding pin is supported on a carrier plate (80). The carrier plates (80) on which in each case a plurality of adjustable moulding pins (64) are mounted are, in turn, connected to a moulding-box housing member to be adjustable in a different manner perpendicular to the mould parting surface.

Description

The invention relates to an adjustable mold according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device to adjust the shape of such a surface.

Known molds are, for one, at which for casting a workpiece Sand molding box is being prepared. Such sand shape boxes are well suited for small series production of products. But you are regarding disposal of the used molding sand disadvantageous. So arise e.g. B. when casting four propeller blades for one Ship's propeller 80 m³ of molding sand to be disposed of. By recycling used molding sand you can these problems are only partially solved. Furthermore reprocessing is expensive. The preparation of the Sand mold boxes are labor intensive and time consuming.

Castings that are not too large for mass production molds which can be used many times are also known. The Manufacturing these molds is very expensive, however that use in the manufacture of products in small series is eliminated.

DE 41 12 736 C2 is used to produce a casting shape with adjustable molding surface already proposed been, rod-shaped pins that are in the axial direction are movable against each other in a frame tighten, the end faces of the different set shape bars a stair curve shape surface with adjustable geometry.  

Such an adjustable mold has the disadvantage that the different shaped pins only when all Shaped pins have received the desired axial position, can be firmly fixed in their position. As long as this Fixation has not yet taken place, the shape may change move pins under interference. Besides, is the fixation of the layers of the shaped pins by together tension the entire package of shaped pins, the fixation only through frictional engagement, not without problems: On the one hand, the clamping forces can differ due to thermal expansion of pins and clamp frame under casting conditions considerably from those under Differentiate setting conditions. The other must in the molded pin pack, the clamping forces are clean Transfer the form pin to the adjacent form pin will. This means that the side faces of the mold pins must lie exactly flat against each other. The shaped pins must therefore be processed very precisely and when re- be cleaned accordingly. Even is in compliance with appropriate precautionary measures but the manufacture of adjustable molds for very large workpieces are not possible because they can only be Friction pins held larger loads cannot take up in the axial direction the influence of the weight of larger molten metal quantities can be adjusted in an uncontrolled manner.

The present invention is therefore intended to adjust bare mold according to the preamble of claim 1 so be trained that a more secure fixation of the individual shaped pins even when the Form is guaranteed.

This object is achieved by a adjustable mold with the specified in claim 1  Characteristics.

With her, the individual shaped pins are each one associated strut adjustable in length. Since each shaped pin has its own support, which is from the support of adjacent shaped pins is independent, can be found with the inventive concept molds easily produce any size.

The concept according to the invention also enables groups summarize from form pins to subunits, the without risk of changing the set Part-shaped surface can be handled and transported where, however, it is guaranteed that one can juxtaposing the different shaped pins groups an essentially seamless one Has shaped surface.

Advantageous developments of the invention are in Unter claims specified.

The use of a screw drive to support the Shaped pins (claim 2) is in view of a simple, precise adjustment of the end faces of the molded pins from Advantage. This setting can also be particularly easy done using a robot. Is also one such adjustable strut particularly unemp sensitive to high temperatures.

The development of the invention according to claim 3 is with regard to a good and safe alignment of the Shaped pins are an advantage regardless of their axial position.

With the development of the invention according to claim 4 it is guaranteed that the for setting a shape  pin used screw drive under casting conditions is protected against high temperatures.

If you see the threaded bore or spindle according to claim 5 nut of the screw drive on the guide section before, you can adjust the screw drive particularly convenient at the same axial position accomplish the head of the set screw.

The development of the invention according to claim 6 has the advantage that the position of the mold surface is not changes significantly if they prevail during the casting process de temperature is lower than that of the temperature who decides when specifying the target positions for the various shaped pins were used.

The development of the invention according to claim 7 allows it, the initially step-shaped surface by mecha to implement African reworking in a smooth mold surface.

The development of the invention according to claim 8 allows it, the material from which the volume of the shaped pins consists of selecting how this is with regard to the thermal properties or machinability which is cheap. Nevertheless, the desired mechanical one Cohesion of the shaped pins guaranteed. Is the order sheathing thin, it provides for any cutting No revision of a stair-shaped surface high resistance for the machining tool.

If you provide groups of shaped pins on holding plates, as stated in claim 9, one can use these groups of shaped pins on clearly arranged small devices adjust, especially using a car Mats. Use groups of shaped pins  the holding plates is also simple in terms of Attach the pins in the molding box and in view on the realization of different shaped boxes Size using uniform basic components advantageous. Because the holding plates in turn adjustable on the frame in the axial direction of the pins of the molding box are needed for the individual shaped pins also do not have an excessively large axial Provide adjustment path, but can still be parallel Large dimensional differences to the longitudinal axis of the forming pin produce castings.

The development of the invention according to claim 10 in terms of a simple and resilient Attach the holding plates to the molding box frame from Vor part.

In a casting mold according to claim 11, one can individual holding plates and the shape they support pin groups very easily with the molded box frame tie, whereby automatically the flush side by side position of the shaped pin groups in two perpendicular to each other directions (one by impact, the other Times by the distance of the rails).

The development of the invention according to claim 12 allows it, partial areas of the mold surface in which differed requirements on the variability of the mold surface be put to realize economically. So can in extreme cases, edge areas of the mold box parting surface, which only serve to close the mold cavity, simply close with holding plates, which only one wear cuboid shaped pin. These shaped pins need then just to be adjusted to the mold interface further adjustment work is not necessary. In such  Edge areas of the molding box can then also be holding plates be attached with sprue and vent channels are provided.

The development of the invention according to claim 13 is in view of easy insertion of the Shaped pins in the mold box and a simple re take the shaped pins from the molding box an advantage.

With the development of the invention according to claim 14 is achieved that the temperature on the molding box frame and thus the mechanics for hanging and carrying the Shaped pins are held down.

A mold according to claim 15 essentially has one smooth molded surface. Machining the end faces the shaped pins are preferably used for large casting molds after setting the axial position of the shaped pins one Holding plate for such a shaped pin group Cut. This way, you don't need CNC machines with large travels. Where such machines are available stand, one can revise the by the Shaped end faces formed a smooth stair surface continuous mold surface but also on the mold itself make.

According to claim 16 you can a continuous molding surface also obtained by one through the Shaped end faces formed with a heat-resistant staircase spreads out the constant malleable material, which makes one also receives an essentially continuous mold surface. If such a streaked mold is readjusted, so it separates on the end faces of the shaped pins applied molding compound usually with the unequal Adjustment of the shaped pins by itself. This may  are still supported by the fact that Shaped pin end faces before applying the malleable material sprayed with a release agent.

The development of the invention according to claim 17 is with regard to the lowest possible weight of the shaped pins and / or their adjustment mechanism is advantageous, which the Handling of shaped pins and whole groups of shaped pins facilitated. So much for an end section of the shaped pins remains solid, is also with such shaped pins machining of their end faces for manufacture a continuous mold surface possible.

Of those provided in shaped pins according to claim 17 Cavities can also be used for cooling use purposes.

The development of the invention according to claim 19 allows an automatic adjustment of the end faces of the individual Shape pins on the desired shape surface. This is in particular those with very large shapes and which alternate frequently the production of different products is an advantage.

The invention will now be further elucidated by way of example play explained with reference to the drawing. In this show:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a casting mold for a propeller blade;

Figure 2 is a horizontal section through the mold shown in Figure 1 along the section line II-II there.

Fig. 3 is a front view of two adjacent units forming pin of the mold shown in Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged side view of a molded pin unit, in which two molded pins are shown in a fully retracted or maximally extended position;

FIG. 5 shows a section through the shaped pin unit shown in FIG. 4 and part of a neighboring shaped pin unit along the section line VV of FIG. 4;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the top of the molded pin unit shown in Fig. 4;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic plan view of a molding box of the casting mold shown in FIG. 1 and of the molding surface predetermined thereby;

Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of a device for automatic axial positioning of the molded pins of a molded pin unit and

Fig. 9 shows a longitudinal section through a modified form pin and its adjustment mechanism.

In Fig. 1 a mold for a propeller blade of a ship's propeller is shown, which consists of a lower mold generally designated 10 and a box, generally designated 12 upper mold box.

In principle, the two molding boxes 10 , 12 have the same structure, so that it is sufficient to describe one of the molding boxes in detail. For the sake of a better overview, reference numerals for components of the two molding boxes 10 , 12 are only entered once in one of the molding boxes.

The molded boxes each have a supporting box part 14 , which is equipped on the outside with supporting bolts 16 , on which rope straps can be hung. Furthermore, the box parts 14 of the mold parting surface have adjacent tabs 18 , on which the two mold boxes 10 , 12 are releasably connected to one another by means of screws 20 and nuts 22 .

The inner surfaces of the box parts 14 are covered by heat-insulating pads 24 . Through this extend on the bottom or ceiling wall of the molding box attached vertical beams 26 , which are arranged in regularly spaced rows and each carry rails 28 . The latter have a similar cross-sectional shape to that of a double-T beam. As seen from Fig. 3, 28 running walls 30 are welded to the vertical webs of the rails. These work with their top and bottom with vertically spaced trunnions 32 (or impellers), which belong to a total designated 34 running head. The latter also includes a mounting plate 36 , which is to be understood with the openings 38 .

The latter 40 assembly are means Absteckstiften portions 42 by generally designated 44 form pin units fastened, to which the mounting portions are provided with a set of Abstecköffnungen 46 42, by which different selectively into alignment with the Abstecköffnungen 38 position are movable. In this way, the shaped pin units 44 can be connected to the running heads 34 in different vertical positions and suspended from them on the rails 28 .

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the spacing of the rails 28 is selected to be exactly the same as the lateral dimension of a shaped pin unit 44 . If one successively introduces shaped pin units 44 into the rails 28 running perpendicular to the drawing in FIG. 28 in the direction perpendicular to the drawing plane, one can produce a shaped surface which is curved in two directions according to the different vertical position of the shaped pin units. For the sake of clarity, in Fig. 1 the lower end faces behind the plane of the stylus units are wegge. It goes without saying that these end faces advance in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing towards the edge of the mold boxes towards the mold parting surface, as is shown for the lateral direction in FIG. 1.

So that the pin units positioning slides and running heads 34 do not need to absorb large tilting moments under casting conditions (in this case one would have to choose the play between the trunnion 32 and the running wall 30 very small, which would impair the displaceability of the running heads 34 ) carry the peripheral walls of the casing parts 14 also lateral support rails 48 which are adjacent in one of the mounting plate 36 the area of the marginal form of pin units 44 and one of the end faces of these forming pin units attack Benach disclosed range. These support rails can be biased by springs or conceivable against the housing interior by tensioning screws, not shown in the drawing.

Further lateral support rails 50 engage in the outside of the marginal rails 28 . They are in turn carried by box part 14 .

In the exemplary embodiment considered here, the interior of the casting mold is divided into two sections: a section on the left in FIG. 2 contains the actual molding space, which has a finely stepped molding surface that complies with the product surface and is formed by a large number of small-sized molding units 44 , as described above. Those parts of the mold cavity which relate to the sprue are located in a mold section on the right in FIG. 2. In this section of the casting mold, a fine mold surface specification is not required, so that there are used pin units 52 , the edge dimensions of which are each twice the edge dimensions of the pin units 44 . In the exemplary embodiment considered here, rails 54 , to which the shaped pin units 52 are attached in a similar manner, as described in detail above for the shaped pin units 44 in connection with the rails 28, are mounted in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the rails 28 . The shaped pin units 52 can be installed and removed by means of a pivotable door which is provided in a side wall of the box part.

The shaped pin units 52 have predominantly one-piece, cuboid shaped shaped pins 58 which abut one another with their end faces at the mold separating surface. Only the three middle shaped pins of the row of shaped pin units 52 on the left in FIG. 2 are formed with sprue channels and distribution channels for liquid metal, not shown, which open out into the molding space 60 delimited by the shaped pin units 44 (cf. FIG. 1).

By attaching the shaped pin units 44 to the rails 28 in different alignments of their pegging openings 46 on the pegging openings 38 , a relatively roughly stepped step-shaped molding surface 62 is obtained , as shown in FIG. 1. In order to be able to fine-tune the molding surface 62 to a desired workpiece surface, the molding pin units 44 each have a multiplicity of individual molding pins 64 arranged in a matrix, which can be adjusted independently of one another in the axial direction, as will be described in more detail below. In this way, the large step in FIG. Between adjacent shaped pin units 44 can be resolved into a much smaller number of steps between adjacent shaped pins 64 . This gives a fine approximation of the shaped surface 64 to the workpiece contour, as indicated in the right part of FIG. 3.

The shaped pins 64 (see FIG. 4) have a quadratic cross section having a core 66 which is surrounded by a sheath 68 which has only a small wall thickness (the wall thickness of which is shown in FIG. 4 in an exaggerated manner only for the purpose of illustration). The core 66 consists of a material which has only small thermal expansion coefficients at least in the region of the temperatures occurring under casting conditions in the form pins, preferably in the entire temperature range between room temperature and casting temperature has only small thermal expansion coefficients. Such a material is e.g. B. graphite, as used for the production of electrodes. Another material that is suitable in terms of thermal and mechanical properties is wood. However, graphite is preferred because it can easily be industrially formed into rods of the desired geometry using the technology developed for graphite electrodes.

The graphite cores 66 are releasably connected to the sheath 68 via transverse pins 70 . The casing 68 is connected via a weld seam 72 to an inner telescopic part 74 , an insulating piece 76 being arranged in the latter facing end section of the casing 68 in order to thermally decouple the telescopic part 74 and the graphite core 66 .

The inner telescopic part 74 works together with a likewise cylindrical outer telescopic part 78 , the upper end of which is welded to a holding plate 80 . The inner telescopic part 74 and the outer telescopic part 78 together form a telescopic guide. A spindle nut 82 is welded into the upper end of the inner telescopic part 74 . This works together with an adjusting screw 84 , the upper end of which supports a bearing disk 86 which cooperates with the underside of the holding plate 80 . The latter, together with a head 88 of the adjusting screw 84, forms a radial / axial bearing. By turning the adjusting screw 84 of a shaped pin 64 , its end face can thus be precisely and easily adjusted in the axial direction between a fully retracted (left half of FIG. 4) and a fully extended (right half of FIG. 4) position.

The pitch, the profile and the fit of the thread of the adjusting screw 84 and the spindle nut 82 and the material of the latter are chosen so that the threaded drive formed by them under all casting conditions, under which the mold is to be used, in the load-free state and under the Shocks to which the mold is exposed is self-locking.

As can be seen from the drawing, the shaped pins 64 in the exemplary embodiment considered here each have a square cross section, and a shaped pin unit 44 each comprises a grid arrangement of 10 × 10 shaped pins and is therefore itself square.

By adjusting the various shaped pins 64 , the fine contour of a shaped surface 62 can thus be set, by setting out the individual shaped pin units 44 on the associated running heads 34, the coarse contour of a shaped surface 62 . In this way one can also produce workpieces with a surface that varies greatly in the vertical direction with a limited adjustment path of the individual shaped pins 64 .

Fig. 7 shows schematically the profile of a propeller wing 90 for a propeller. To produce this wing, the shaped pins 64 of all the shaped pin units lying outside the wing contour are fully advanced. For these shaped pin units, one can alternatively also use simplified shaped pin units, which simply have a single graphite block, which is dimensioned such that the block end face lies in the mold separation area when the shaped pin unit is correspondingly staked out. For those shaped pin units 44 , which are cut from the edge contour of the propeller wing 90 ge or lie within the same, the staking out of the individual shaped pin units 44 and the axial adjustment of the shaped pin end faces is carried out in such a way that a finely stepped shaped surface is obtained which is continuously on the Outside of the workpiece target surface. The shaped pin units indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 7 can again be formed by single-block shaped pin units in which the block end faces lie in the mold separating surface. Some of the latter shaped pin units are machined to provide a sprue.

The molded boxes set as described above assembled for casting a workpiece and after the workpiece solidifies again separates. The removed workpiece has a fine abge stepped surface, of which only minimal material quantities have to be removed in order to remove the To reach the target surface.

In a modification of the game of execution described above, the surface of the individual mold pin units after the axial adjustment of the mold pins 64 can additionally be machined with a multi-axis CNC milling machine, so that the end face of a mold pin unit with a tolerance of 0 in practice, 1 to 0.2 mm corresponds to an assigned area of the target workpiece surface. The thus machined Formstiftein units 44 then form after their insertion into the Ge housing parts 14 a smooth, the workpiece target surface very close to the mold surface 62nd

If large-stroke multi-axis CNC machines are available, the shaping of the shaped surface 62 can be carried out by over-milling even after inserting the preset shaped pin units 44 into the box parts 12 or 14 .

In a further modification, a continuously running mold surface can also be achieved in such a way that the finely stepped mold surfaces obtained after the installation of molded pin units 44 into the box parts 14 of the mold boxes 10 , 12 are smoothed with a pasty material (e.g. graphite pulp), e.g. . B. using rubber scrapers or the like. In this way too, a very good approximation of the shaped surface 62 to the desired workpiece surface is obtained, but the shaped pins 64 remain unchanged:

A casting mold made using graphite mold can be produced as described above for successively casting a smaller number of workpieces are used, e.g. B. for casting three to five propeller blades for a propeller. After that, the form pin units are for manufacturing of molds of other workpieces can be reused.

The axial setting of the shaped pin end faces can be carried out automatically in a simple manner and taking into account the individual wear of the shaped pins with a device as is shown schematically in FIG. 8.

A C-shaped bracket part 92 can be displaced in the x, y and z directions by coordinate drives 94 , 96 , 97 , which are only indicated schematically. By moving in the x and y directions, a distance sensor 98 carried by the lower arm of the bracket part 92 can be placed one after the other under the end faces of the various shaped pins 64 of a shaped pin unit 44 . This is done under the control of a control unit 100 , which operates in dependence on a main control 102 . The upper arm of the bracket part 92 carries with the spacer 98 vertically aligned a nut 104 , which can be rotated by a servo 106 by a predetermined angle in one direction or the other.

The servomotor 106 is controlled by a control unit 108 , which is supplied with the output signal of the distance sensor 98 at a first input and is supplied with a set position signal for the end face of the shaped pin under consideration, which provides a shaped surface memory 110 , at a second input. In the mold surface memory 110 a set of data is stored, which speaks the finely stepped mold surface 62 ent. The mold surface memory 110 is loaded via an interface assigned to the main control 102 in accordance with data derived from CAD data for the workpiece to be produced (provision of the required excess, stair formation).

Addressing of the shaped surface memory 110 takes place, on the one hand, according to the later position of the shaped pin unit 44 in the shaped surface 62 . For this purpose, a read head 112 reads out a machine-readable code 114 attached to the side of the holding plate 80 . This forms a partial address for the mold surface memory 110 . The other address parts were formed by the x and y position of the bracket part 92 corre sponding signals which are given by the control unit 100 to further address terminals of the mold surface memory 110 . Thus, the shaped surface memory 110 provides a desired position signal corresponding to the desired position of the end face of that shaped pin, which is just in front of the distance sensor 98 .

In a modification of the game Ausführungsbei described above, one can also work with initially not coded form units 44 ar and instead of the read head 112 a write head, e.g. B. provide an inkjet write head that writes an instruction on the holding plate 80 , where the stylus unit 44 is to be built into the box part, for. B. an indication "third rail, sixth position". The attachment of such human-readable information can be done with the y-adjustment of the holding plate in the course of the adjustment of the row of shaped pins adjacent to the writing head. Optionally or in addition, the same information can also be written on the holding plate in machine-readable form.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9, components of the shaped pin attachment which have already been explained in a functionally equivalent manner with reference to FIGS . 1 to 4 are again provided with the same reference symbols.

An axially short shaped pin 64 made of graphite has a sleeve-shaped recess 116 with which it is inserted directly into the end of the inner telescopic part 74 and is secured there by the pin 70 . The adjusting screw 84 is designed as a hollow screw and radial feed openings 118 are provided in its section lying in the holding plate 80 . These communicate via an annular groove 120 which has a large flow cross-section compared to the total area of the feed openings 118 , with a feed channel 122 which runs in the longitudinal direction of the plate and intersects the successive annular grooves of a row of shaped pins.

The axial channel 124 formed in the set screw 84 opens freely into the telescopic part 74 . The spindle nut 82 is formed with a plurality of circumferentially distributed axial passages 126 , and in the upper Endab section of the telescopic part 78 exhaust air openings 124 are provided in the circumferential direction.

When successive Formstiftein units 44 in a rail 28 are pushed, their feed channels 128 are thus connected. If the ends of the feed channels 128 assigned to the various rails 28 are connected to a compressed air source, compressed air flows through the channels 124 of the various adjusting screws 84 into the interior of the inner telescopic part 74 , is reflected by the rear end face of the graphite shaped pin 64 and flows over the Passages 126 into the space that lies above the shaped pins 64 that are juxtaposed in an abrupt and fluid-tight manner. About in the side walls of the box parts 14 provided openings, not shown in the drawing, the used cooling air can flow out.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9, the shaped pins 64 are not surrounded by a sheath, that is to say they form the shaped surface 62 alone. This is advantageous with regard to particularly easy finishing of the molding surface. By changing the small-volume shaped pins, you can restore the shape of the mold with little waste.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, the shaped pin 64 also has larger radial dimensions than the telescopic parts 74 , 78 . This is advantageous in view of reducing the total number of telescopic guides and screw drives required if a somewhat coarser step of the molding surface is more acceptable.

Formed in the above-described embodiments a threaded spindle and one working with it Spindle nut each has a self-locking screw drive for adjustable support of a shaped pin or a Form pin group. Other adjustable struts that with good thermal shielding of the support against the Mold cavities that can also be used are hydraulic or pneumatic working cylinders with a lock lungseinrichtung or other linear drives, for. B. by Pinion moving racks.

Claims (19)

1. Adjustable casting mold, with a box part ( 14 ) and with a plurality of box part ( 14 ) carried, a shaping surface ( 62 ) defining and abutting shaped pins ( 64 ) which are adjustable in the axial direction, characterized in that the shaped pins ( 64 ) are supported on the box part ( 14 ) by a strut ( 82 , 84 ) adjustable in length. 2. Casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustable strut has a self-locking screw drive ( 82 , 84 ). 3. Casting mold according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaped pins ( 64 ) are each connected to a guide section ( 74 ) which runs in a fixed guide part ( 78 ). 4. Casting mold according to claim 3, characterized in that the guide sections ( 74 ) are each connected via an insulating piece ( 76 ) to the associated shaped pin ( 64 ). 5. Casting mold according to claim 3 or 4 in conjunction with claim 2, characterized in that through the guide part ( 78 ) extends an adjusting screw ( 84 ) which cooperates with a spindle nut ( 82 ) carried by the guide section ( 74 ), the Set screws ( 84 ) are each connected via an axial / radial bearing ( 86 ) to a holding plate ( 80 ) which in turn is attached to the box part ( 14 ). 6. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shaped pins ( 64 ) are made of a material with a small coefficient of thermal expansion, in particular graphite or wood. 7. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shaped pins ( 64 ) are made of a slightly machining material, in particular graphite or wood. 8. Casting mold according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the shaped pins ( 64 ) are at least partially surrounded by a jacket ( 68 ), which consists of heat-resistant and mechanically resilient material, in particular steel. 9. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that groups of shaped pins ( 64 ) are carried by holding plates ( 80 ) which in turn are adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the pin ( 38 , 40 , 46 ) on the box part ( 14 ). 10. Casting mold according to claim 9, characterized in that the holding plates ( 80 ) are connected to mounting sections ( 42 ) which have a plurality of pin openings ( 46 ) spaced in the longitudinal direction of the pin and via pins ( 40 ) carried by a part of the box ( 14 ) Fastening part ( 36 ) are connected. 11. Casting mold according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the holding plates ( 80 ) are connected to running heads ( 34 ) which run in rails ( 28 ) carried by the box part ( 14 ). 12. Casting mold according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that it has, in different regions of the shape, shaped-pin units ( 44 , 52 ) of different sizes, each of which has a holding plate ( 80 ) and a plurality of shaped pins ( 64 ) carried by it or one have a single shaped pin ( 58 ). 13. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the box part ( 14 ) has a door ( 56 ) in at least one of its side walls. 14. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the box part ( 14 ) has on its inside a heat-resistant and poorly heat-conducting lining ( 24 ). 15. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the end faces of the shaped pins ( 64 ) are machined to form a continuous shaped surface ( 62 ). 16. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized characterized in that by the shaped pin forehead surface formed by a heat resistant Diges malleable material to form a steady shape surface is at least partially covered, preferably with the interposition of a release agent. 17. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the shaped pins ( 64 ) and / or parts ( 74 , 78 , 84 ) holding them are formed at least in sections as hollow parts. 18. Casting mold according to claim 17, characterized in that the hollow parts are connected to a supply line ( 122 ) for cooling medium. 19. A device for adjusting the mold surface of a casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized by a movable in a reference plane distance sensor ( 98 ), which is the distance of the end face of the respective standing pin ( 64 ) from the reference plane assigned output signal, a shape memory ( 110 ) addressable according to the position of the distance sensor ( 98 ), a control unit ( 108 ) acted upon by the output signals from the distance sensor ( 98 ) and shape surface memory ( 110 ) and a drive unit ( 106 ) controlled by the latter , which is coupled ( 92 ) to the distance sensor ( 98 ) for common movement with respect to the shaped pin arrangement ( 64 ) and acts on the screw drive ( 82 , 84 ) of the shaped pin ( 64 ) standing in front of the distance sensor ( 98 ), that the end face of this shaped pin ( 64 ) on a position corresponding to the desired point of the workpiece shape g is driven.