DE1955035A1 - Firing for incineration of waste - Google Patents

Description

LMNO. COOL

D R-ϊ Γν; β, -D Ta η K 415 Krefeld, October 31, 1969

PATS, \ - Γ ^ j-, j »iy _s LTt
415 KJSEFELD, MOERSER STR. 140

Our reference: 60 333

Α / Γ- E ₀ cracks

Fredericia. Denmark

Furnace for incineration of waste,

The invention relates to a furnace for the incineration of waste or corresponding fuel, consisting of a fire box provided with an outlet opening, which is closed at the bottom with a fixed combustion grate on which the fuel is transported from one end to the other, and where after the combustion grate There is a combustion grate, which is set up, for example, as a tilting grate for the periodic emptying of slag and similar unburned material, to which host combustion air is supplied from below Dsruclc from pressure chambers located below them,

the supply of fuel from one end before the access VertHrennungsrostes, aur.serhalb the fire-box lying tien above and outgoing with hopper did dead shaft or magazine takes place, the bottom of which is located in the HlJhe of the grate, and which shaft in the side facing the fire-box side has an opening that extends from the bottom of the shaft to about the height

009832 / U39

the desired thickness of the fuel layer extends, and their Width is adapted to the width of the grate.

In the known furnaces of this type, the fuel slides out of the shaft, which is filled to above the upper edge of the side opening, due to its gravity onto the grate and is positioned with the surface following the natural slope of the material ■ from the upper edge of the opening to the outlet end of the grate. Here, the thickness of the fuel layer decreases sharply towards this end, which is detrimental to uniform combustion and the regulation of the air supply through the grate, as well as the combustion capacity of the furnace is reduced. Furthermore, the waste usually contains parts of very different large, some of them very large, which the formation of a natural slope is ψ hindrance and even partial blockage of Einführiingsöffnung for may cause the burning material "

The purpose of the invention is to provide a furnace of the above-mentioned type where these disadvantages are avoided.

According to the invention, the Dinführtmgsöffnung is tightly closing dxirch the firebox into gegenüberbefindliche ^Q eite of the shaft at the bottom thereof a vqrzrigsweise hydraulically actuated back and forth slidable, box-shaped Stoker ¹ coIben or "pusher" guided, the be moved along the shaft bottom and vie a plunger the fuel located in front of the end face of the piston in the direction of the inlet opening and. can push into the grate, in that the height dimension of the piston is smaller, ^ preferably much smaller, than the height of the inlet opening to the fire box. ·

Through this event you get a forced introduction of the fuel regardless of the size of the fuel in the lower part of the quantity of fuel resting on the grate, the surface of which becomes much flatter than the natural slope of the material, so that the thickness of the Brcnnmatorinlschicht is substantial becomes more similar.

Except for overcoming any mechanical difficulties when the fuel is introduced into the firebox, the invention achieves better conditions for an effective Combustion} which is why the firing is shorter and cheaper, and among other things can be made less space-consuming than is otherwise the case would also be, the invention has the advantage that the shaft can be completely emptied of its fuel content

iittfmo gas 00 9822/1439

may, in which case preferably certain of those described below Supplementary events according to the invention to avoid wrong draft or kickback of flue gases through the combustion shaft is tr of for! are,

According to the invention, the ° -tokor piston can be hollow and with eririor compressed air source connected and with openings, preferably in its end face, to the Bdnbla. ^ en of fresh air in the in the lower part the "°> rennmr> torir \! amount located in the shaft" must be given away.

This is achieved, depending on the nature of the fuel or waste, pre-drying or preliminary incineration of the same, whereby the performance of the furnace is increased,

In cases where the cross section of the shaft is square or is right-angled, and the entry opening to the firebox into it a substantially rectangular opening the full width of the Shaft is, according to the invention, the "width of the stoker piston correspond to the width of the shaft so that the TT. piston in The forward "P division" fills the bottom cross-section of the · <"\ chaclitcs.

! ■ 'an receives a supply of as similar as possible "ronnmaterial flbc-r · the whole" ride of the P.oste-s, and the above-mentioned eventuals The shaft is emptied completely.

The Verbronnungsrost zweckmässigervoise is inclined to rV-i of the transport to facilitate "rontunaterials on the same" ^ u dom generally in a ¹ lower level attached Ausbronnnngsrost. Since the Zusamme η jrefczung of the fuel or waste and linen natural slope vary greatly lcSnnen, it is appropriate to regulate the Tnigung dos Verbrennungsrostcs? "Can n For this purpose may be simply supported genäss the invention öor Yerbreriiunr ^ rust and with his Zugangscndc imverschrebbar on a feston T ^T he nt support rest and end ο sliding divisible with his departure on a höhene .ins support. !, "cgen this sliding TTnt he support of the outlet end ot? I..ann:; I dcT grate freely expand and contract with temperature changes.

¥ egcn the open connection between c \ ot Fou.erbUchse and Gehacht, and especially when fed by the ^ τ nb la se openings in Stolcerkolben fresh air, there is a risk that part of the flue gases his lie bay by ■ Ircnnmatoria! up into the open takes place dux-ch dr-.n Gchornstein, bo'Zichungav / eipe that a combustion takes place up through the '! racing or waste material located in the shaft.

V) Ji counteract this danger l.anr in rl en from d-c-r Feuei-btlchse zu

009822/1439

thorn chimney leading flue in per se known 'ioiso a' yes draft fan switched on

For the same purpose I: r.nn {Jemäsc der · Erfrl ITc ¹ UiIg Torisch en the fuel shaft and its filling ti-ic ¹ " ¹ tor .rn ± m vrcscntlnch an airtight closure of the upper part of the shaft a hydraulically operated slide valve .ussklappe provided cein, the movement of which, a first Br onnria t ex ial fill in the funnel dionenien! / "» docippprat ζ. B, a crane, is controlled.

Uo the space under the post in several separate rruck spaces is divided, can according to the invention of Πρ.ττπ under Make a pressure space for the combustion grate and the one under the combustion grate another pressure room, which eruckritune of. one each Blower are supplied.

This relatively simple division with a ο in τ · a pressure space! Under each of the hosts is made possible as a result of the targeted, relatively uniform thickness of the fuel material layer on the individual grate, whereby the through. - Flow resistance for the combustion air penetrating up through the loest "for the whole post area correspondingly similar * ^T ird.

When using a hollow one equipped for air injection Stoker piston can be used for this purpose according to the invention its supply of compressed air with the one under the combustion grate located pressure] <■ .ra ^^ m be connected.

I / ie vrird invention has been explained in detail in connection ¹ of the embodiment schematically shown in the drawing riit a furnace according to the invention with thereto connected waste pit and Ker-leaching plant enables.

In the drawing, which shows the system in longitudinal section, 1 represents a waste pit and 2 represents a slewing crane equipped with a loading grapple , d.er is designed with a fuel shaft 6 open at the top and a fire box 7, which has a connection to the rear via a fire bridge 2h with an afterburning chamber 9 and thereby with the exhaust opening 25 of the furnace. The fire box is delimited at the bottom by a fixed cremation grate 13 and a burnout grate constructed as a double-winged tilting grate 1 ^ /, which is much lower, r-Is the grate 13> so that the part of the fire box above the burnout grate has a .Λ, ρτ.ΐ of Excavation eight 8

00.9 852/113 9

13 is established under · don host ir a closed pressure chamber l6 which is supplied by a blower I ^ with compressed air, and under the grate lh a likewise closed Druckratim 18, which is supplied nit compressed air by a fan 17, and adapted 1st , a cinder wagon. 28 or some other means of removing unburned material.

Tn the partition, between the shaft 6 and the fire box 7 a connecting hole 26 is established which is perpendicular to arched ci "upper edge, and their lower edge with the top of the" ostes 13 and that of a shooting plate 12 made of cast iron or other suitable Material formed bottom of the shaft 6 is aligned relationally is formed from these parts. The arched shape of the top edge The purpose of the opening is to ensure an expedient expansion in the lateral direction to obtain fuel imported from dom on the Tlont,

In an opening in the side of the shaft opposite the opening 26 , an electrically controlled, hydraulically displaceable, stoker piston or "pusher" 10 designed as a hollow box is inserted, which can be pushed back and forth along the lock plate 12 and the like The end face is provided with blow-out nozzles 11 for compressed air, which is supplied to the piston through a hose 27 and a tube 27 'from the Dmcirl-iaMinor 16 »Dar. Bronn or waste material located in the shaft 6, which is filled in by means of the Iran 2 through a filling funnel h mounted on top of the shaft, and through the opening 20 into the Fouerbüchse 7, and through the to and fro movement of the With the piston 10, which can be automatically controlled, further fuel is pushed onto the combustion grate 13 along its surface, whereby a layer of fuel of some wet thickness of the same thickness is formed up to the end of this grate, at which point the most essential part of the combustion takes place is, after which the fuel falls down onto the burnout grate 14 for final burnout, the material filling the burnout shaft 8 gradually sinking down and in a completely burned-out state through the interstice in the grate Ik ■ 'ilndxirchclringt or by tilting the same into the slag carriage 28 willo

The combustion gases penetrate through the opening 2 ^ 'located above the fire bridge Zh , in the vicinity of which air nozzles V) are set up in the side walls of the spring bushing for blowing in secondary air, into the afterburning chamber 9, where afterburning takes place by means of the supplied secondary air and at the same time lent a separation of coarser fly ash by making the Kainmor so dimensional

OO9022 / U39

it is ned that the flow velocity is relatively is low, and you blaze up in the ratio ku der Abzugöffnnnj -Γ 'in front of- ■ lowers so that a pit emerges from which the absoschierlrno Ashes have been removed at intervals through a hatch that has not been roped can.

From the hood opening 25 ms the smoke passes through one Boiler 20 or another heat exchanger, dor two!: MSssicorwoinc is set up with a separate supplementary oil heating system, and from here through a cyclone 21 for the further separation of riugas and by an induced draft fan 22, from where the submerged through the Chimney 23 of the system is sent out. At the top of the Tlrennmaterialschachtes 6, between this and. the funnel, is one horizontally slidable, hydraulically operated closing flap 5 arranged, which can seal the shaft tightly, and that of the Crane 2 is controlled in such a way that when the J'ran τη it. his Gripper is swinging in via the funnel 4, the opening between this and the shaft 6 is exposed, while it is with all others .Position of the ICran is closed.

The grate 13 consists of Roststftben or sections 13 '' the AIIF a frame 13 'are supported by a fixed mounting on a profile bar at one end and a sliding bearing ⁿ IXF a pipe at its other end, which frame at the access end of the Grate is rotatably supported and at the outlet end is vertically displaceable supported on an adjustable support, which is not shown in detail. The suction side of the fans 15 and 17 or one of the same can be connected to the waste pit 1, so that air is sucked in on this, and a a certain negative pressure is generated, which prevents the spread of smells into the environment

To start the furnace is on the side of the fire box in a known manner and ¥ also a gas burner, z, T3. for propane, set up.

The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown, in that the furnace can be set up in a significantly different way within the scope of the invention, if only the stoker or pusher introduction of the fuel or waste, with or without bending of air through the, peculiar to the invention Piston, is present. As is apparent from the Bosch description, the further peculiarities specified by the following claims all serve to "support the effect achieved by the device for introducing the fuel or waste, or to remedy the disadvantages associated with this device. & HO: A- 009822 / U39.

BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

? ^ ei-_crung sT.tr Yorbrcnrmng of waste or corresponding ^ ri tor :! al, bor raging rvus one with an outlet opening in front of the level Peuerbfichrc, ( ¹ Ic nrton r> it is closed by a 'solid burn-out, a ^i-! f ( ⁵ CIi the "" rcnnmcvterip-l transported from one Dn de j? ti to the other and where after the incineration grate there is a burning grate voi-limclon, the Zi B, is set up as a tilting grate for the periodic emptying of cement and similar unburned material Print from among them be find lic "! - on Druckx'ftuinen -aufjeftihrt- is, ^ Shi-end the" supply of "re: ri ™ rtirinl from a front of the! 3ugar? ^ Sonr? O des Verbrenmmc'srostcs, ra -.- ca ^ i ^ lb d.oi- roiicrbüchse lying, open at the top and with funnel rui- ^ cctc'-ttotcn shaft or: Ia ^ ai? in, the bottom of which is in the "lohe des" c-i_-tee liect, and which shaft in the egg pouch t -: lte has a Dinftthinmcs opening, which extends from the bottom of the · chr nschtcii thickness of the Γι-eiuinatcrialcc ^ -icht err stretches, and. whose "width of the width of the TiO s TOS t * .n- C'cj ^ i-et IIJT, dadui'ch ^ jelieiinzeichnet that dichtsc ^1-> lit-iii, c- il ⁽¹ ViXh the clex- Einfüliruncsöffnunc! to the crab in; _; eccnübcr> cfir7dliclae side of the shaft at its bottom a vorp.ugsv.circ hydi'o.i: liGch hetati {jter, movable back and forth er, kasteiiför-vL ^ er r: tokcr?.: olboii or "pusher" through cführt ^ ', the Lancs L ¹ Cu Cchachtbod-ene vorschoben be and as a plunger the voider B-i'. ¹ "before the fib T'olbcns located Brcnrriat-orial in Hichtunc scr ^ ori T ¹ XO Bi-TfLlhr-ai.Ts8ffrn.mc; and '-.uf. The Rcab can be pushed in by the height di'TC ^- IPion of the IColbens Zileincr, vorsussvcisc \: eaentlieh jclclnor, irt rls the IlrShe ciex IDinfHhi-Ttn ^ copening niur Pouef rifle in. ' 2. roucr-ling still Anspi-uch- 1, characterized that the Gtokerlcolben is hollow and with a compressed air quo he vorbTtndcTi. covrie with openings, preferably in its end face, for Binblason of fresh air into the one located in the lower part of the shaft Bi-cnnniaterialniengc is provided. 3 · FoTi.ervng according to claim 1 or 2, where the cross section of the BronTiinatcrinlr-chnrhtcs is square or right-angled, and the opening to the Foucrbttch.se is an essentially right-angled opening in the whole width of the shaft, thereby geke η η ζ eich ii ο t that the width of the stoker piston also corresponds to the width of the ScT ' Achtos corresponds, so that the piston in the advanced position C ¹ OjJ "f-donniTorschnitt fills the shaft." 009822 / U39 i.e., Poun ^ inj after. An.?i:>imch 1, 2 or j, dar ¹ Hr ¹ Ch ge ^1- ο η η - ζ ρ i ο h η ο t that the burnt rust is simply inside and with r ^ lnon access end urix ^ or slidable on a foptcn tutor support rests and nit seigern exit end sliding on oinor h'öheneinp, tell-r available support « 5. Feucin.mg according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it ο η η - draw π ο t that in that from the furnace to the f'-chornntein moving fume cupboard in per se hohrnntcr Vciso an extractor fan switched on is· ο »Firing no> ch claim 1, 2 or j, thereby r; e "; e η ώ - draw η. ct that ^ -. 'icciicn den "nronnnater.iaLncliacht nrid dor.sen ΠΜ It: ichtQD.- to essentially airtight closure d.oii upper part of the shaft a hydraulically operated Cc ^ iobevcrachluce ^ -lapijo provided ict, whose DcvTc ^ ng by oinen mn Ίΐ-onnrin torin leinfüllen serving in don hopper charging apparatus, κ. Ή. a uranium * ^ eatouert VRIT-cl. 7 Fcienmc according to claim 1, doi ¹ 2 vein 5> ^ ei under the Hon ten located space in several separate Dntclci'äune a.uf ^ etoilt j is characterized by the fact that the Ηγίιη under the Combustion makes out a pressure space and the space under the fire grate another print room, --rclcho DruclrrStune of 30 one Blower are supplied. S. I ^ eiterunc according to claims 2 and 7> thereby fr e!; ο η η - Draws that the hollow S t oi; or ⁿ : o Ib un for its Vcrsor ^ iin ^ with compressed air with the truck XT.tini located under your Verhrennim ^ Most. 9. Fetterunc according to claim 1-8 »cc Ic ο η η r; 0 i c h η ρ t through a square ürennmaterialschacht (^), OeT above with ciinera Ptilltricliter (h) is provided with dazt- ^r ir.chenlio.; jendom CloitverschlT'ss (j)> von. a Le.de! .ran (2), and think the testicle is formed from a "Cchleissplntte (l2), along such a in the fchnchtseite ein.rrebn.utor" hydraulically displaceable, holilor Sto3corkol.ben (lO) with Ausbl- aseöffniingon (ll) in direction: rc ^ on an opening (26) located in the removed chute soitc to the port (7) to be moved into the inflation -krmn, rolrhe Pouerbüchso to the rear while keeping an opening ' ? J \ ' with a fire bridge serving as a demarcation for a post-combustion chamber (9) is closed, in the 17Shο from which opening (2'ί ') in the side walls of the Fcuerbtichse air nozzles (19) are provided for blowing Se ¹ UiIdSrIUft, "while the fire book below nbgogroiiKt ir>l; through a fixed »· but Jieigu-n ^ seinsäellbai'on burn rest (.13) as well as a nlü 0 0 9 8 2 2/1 Λ 3 9 bad original Tip-rest furnished Ai ^ brenramcr- ^ ost (I'U, below in front of. - .. "oak grating jo a DriTcfrrn ^ .iT! (L ^) or (lG) rcrhaiulen which is ¹ of c-UTC"! Clobliise (l ^) or (l7) borrowed with compressed air wii-d, -inr ¹ vro r ^ cr Tlaurn (3.υ) cV-ircli a line (- ^ 7.27 ')? Ni.t the piston (ic ) ^ i.ir Voi'uor ^^ mc "of the same nit Briic ^T -air vorbi-indon is, T. ^T Shxend. dci- Πρ ■ - ■ _ ■: (IC) zui ¹ Attachment of a Sclalacicenvracon (28) or a r.rdoren Transpox-tnittol is set up, - xmd i / o also the TTachverbi-oiinunGslin.inmer (9) through the exhaust opening \ ~ 5) of the furnace and a 7 ⁷ OcSeI (20) τη? t the chimney (23) Connection Tiat, in which a cyclone (21) and a suction fan (22) are switched on. BATH ORIGINAL 009822 / U39 Blank page