DE19514380A1 - Vehicle seat, esp rear or bench seat - Google Patents

Abstract

The seat has a locking device (16), which is coupled to securing equipment for the backrest. The locking device only releases the connection between the rear feet (2) of the seat and the floor structure, if the backrest is in its forward folded position.When in the forward folded position, the backrest is secured safely against swinging back into its seating position. The backrest is not released again, until the rear feet are connected to the floor structure of the vehicle by means of the locking device.

Description

The invention relates to a motor vehicle seat, in particular a rear seat or a rear seat bench, with a seat frame, which has rear feet, which means a manually releasable locking device with the bottom structure of the Vehicle can be connected, and with a backrest that connects to the seat frame is connected via lockable hinge fittings, which in the released state allow the backrest to be folded forward.

In the known motor vehicle seats of this type, the seat, when it is out a vertical position of his seat part with this backrest in the position of use swung back and the backrest in the Starting position has been folded back, can be used even if the rear feet not yet connected to the floor structure of the vehicle are, the locking device is still open without the Seat users noticed this.

Because a not properly connected to the floor structure of the vehicle ner seat the seat user and possibly other vehicle occupants endangered, the invention has for its object a motor vehicle seat to create the type mentioned above, which can not be used if he  is not properly connected to the floor structure. This task solves a motor vehicle seat with the features of claim 1.

Characterized in that the locking device with the inventive safe unit is coupled, the backrest can only be folded forward then be folded back into the use position when the rear Feet are properly reconnected to the floor structure and the Locking device is closed.

Advantageous refinements of the safety device are the subject of Claims 2 and 3.

In a preferred embodiment, the safety device has a Actuating lever on only in the one release of the locking device corresponding swivel sense inevitably Kopop with a swivel lever pelt is, which only then by means of the actuating lever in a loosening of Locking device allowing swivel position can be brought when the backrest is folded forward.

In order to prevent the safety device and in particular the Backrest in the locking position in the folded-up position Strains can be exposed if the backrest is attempted in spite of the locking mechanism, it can be folded back into the position of use Articulated fittings associated locking device, by means of which the back kenlehne is locked in the position of use position, designed so that it Can also lock the backrest in the folded forward position.

So that the locking device of the joint fitting is not released if the backrest is locked in the folded forward position, in a preferred embodiment, the safety device is so out  forms that it prevents release of the locking device when the Locking device is released.

In motor vehicle seats that have a locking device that for a Longitudinal adjustment and also for swiveling the seat part out of use must be solved in the vertical position and vice versa, is more advantageous as to the actuating lever of the safety device with limited Swivel range articulated a release lever for this locking device. It can then first use the actuating lever in this release lever be brought into the position in which the locking device the rear seat feet is released, and then by swiveling the Release lever released the locking device relative to the operating lever are now around the seat part together with the folded forward To be able to swivel the backrest into the vertical position.

In a preferred embodiment, each of the two rear has Feet associated locking devices a pivoted Hook on, which in the locked state is a bolt of the floor structure engages and in this locking position by a spring-loaded instep pawl is held by means of the actuating lever of the safety device device is pivotable against the force of a spring in a release position, in which the hook by the force of a return spring acting on it occupies its unlocking position releasing the bolt. Preferably this hook designed so that it inevitably in the locking position is pivoted when the foot is lowered onto the bolt of the floor structure will, thanks to the spring loading, the clamping blade automatically reacts sam becomes as soon as the hook has reached a swivel position in which it Begins to reach behind bolts.  

The motor vehicle seat according to the invention is preferably designed such that it not only with the backrest folded against the seat part, i.e. when folded state, can be pivoted into a vertical position, but also in The longitudinal direction of the seat is adjustable. This longitudinal adjustability can be done with rear Realize swinging on the one hand with the rear feet and on the other hand are pivotally connected to the supporting structure of the seat part. In front swinging can also be provided. But you can instead of the front Provide rocker supports and their upper end via a slot pin Connect the guide to the supporting structure of the seat part. Preferred out Management forms of the formation of the seat frame and feet are the subject of claims 12 to 22.

The configurations of the motor vehicle seat according to the invention lead to a minimal space requirement of the seat in the folded forward and in the vertical position swiveled state. At this minimal space requirement also contributes that thanks to the kinematics according to the invention the rear Swing into contact with the underside of the supporting structure of the seat part be pivoted when the seat part is forward to the vertical position is folded. In addition, the seat can also be locked in by means of the locking device the folded forward position can be determined so that it does not go through forces acting on it are moved unintentionally out of this position can. This also facilitates the removal of the seat and the installation, the formation of the feet according to the invention and their latches tion device can be performed quickly and without tools.

In the following the invention is illustrated by the drawing Exemplary embodiments explained in detail. Show it

Fig. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment in the rearmost position of the Längseinstellbereiches,

Fig. 2 is a side view of the first embodiment in the position of the front dersten Längseinstellbereiches,

Fig. 3 is a side view of the first embodiment at forward folded backrest,

Fig. 4 is a side view of the first embodiment in mengefaltetem together and folded state,

Fig. 5 shows an enlarged detail shown in FIG. 1 with the front seat foot,

Fig. 6 shows an enlarged detail shown in Fig. 1 with the joint fitting and the associated Verriegelungsvor direction him and security device,

Fig. 7 is a view shown in perspective of the supporting structure integral strap of the first embodiment with the associated secure,

Fig. 8 is a view shown in perspective of the two Gelenkbe beats a second embodiment,

Fig. 9 is a view shown in perspective of a shock Gelenkbe of the second embodiment,

Fig. 10 is a side view of a hinge shown schematically fitting of the second embodiment in the position of use of the backrest appropriate setting,

Fig. 11 is a side view corresponding to Fig. 10 in an attitude in forward folded backrest and closed Verrie gelungsvorrichtung the rear feet,

Fig. 12 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 11, but in a position at a forward folded backrest and dissolved locking device of the rear feet,

Fig. 13 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 12, but in the unlocked locking device of the seat frame,

Fig. 14 is a side view schematically shown of a rear foot in the play Associated with the bottom structure state,

Fig. 15 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 14 with enabled hook,

Fig. 16 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 15, but it completely releases the bolt of the floor structure at a pivot position of the hook in which,

Fig. 17 is a side view of the seat frame, shown schematically in the second embodiment in an adjustment of the seat at the rear end of the Längseinstellbereiches,

Fig. 18 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 17 without hinge fitting, but upon adjustment of the seat at the front end of the Längseinstellbereiches

Fig. 19 is a side view corresponding to Fig. 18 at a setting of the seat at the rear end of the Längseinstellbereiches,

Fig. 20 is a side view of the seat frame of the second Ausführungsbei game without showing the hinged fitting in a Vertika len position of the backrest and the seat part,

Fig. 21 is a schematic side view of the seat frame of a third embodiment.

A rear seat bench for motor vehicles has two front seat feet 1 and four rear seat feet 2 , which are each of the same design, which is why only those of the left seat side are shown and described below.

As shown in FIG. 5 in particular, the front seat foot 1 engages with a material part forming a mouth 3 that is open at the bottom into a first recess 4 of the floor structure 5 of the vehicle, in which a connecting bolt 6 is arranged, running in the transverse direction of the seat and rigidly connected to the floor structure 5 is. As shown in FIG. 5, at the upper end of the front flank of the mouth 3, a groove which is adapted to the diameter of the connecting bolt 6 and is only open to the rear is provided, in which the connecting bolt 6 lies when the connection between the front seat base 1 and the floor structure 5 is made. A above this groove on the front seat foot 1 hook 7 engages behind the connecting bolt 6 in its locked position from the open side of the groove. In this locking position, the hook 7 is positively held by a pivotally mounted on the front seat 1 , double-armed locking lever 8 , which has a parallel to its pivot axis pin 9 at the free end portion of its shorter lever arm, which in the locking position of the locking lever 8th engages in a provided in the rear hook side, open to the rear groove 10 . The position of the pivot axis of the locking lever 8 is chosen with respect to the position of the groove 10 and the position of the pivot axis of the hook 7 so that a load on the hook 7 in the sense of pivoting into its release position on the locking lever 8 exerts no torque. Only when the longer lever arm of the locking lever 8 is manually pivoted upwards, in a direction of view according to FIG. 5, counterclockwise, does a preloaded spring, not shown, move the hook 7 into its release position.

In a distance provided behind the first recess 4 , the second recess 11 of the floor structure 5 of the vehicle engages when the connection is made, the free end 12 'of a downwardly bent end portion 12 of the front seat base 1 , in one in the rear flank of the second Recess 11 provided groove open to the front. When a connection is made to the floor structure 5 , the front seat base 1 can therefore not perform any pivoting movement about the connecting bolt 6 .

If the front seat 1 is to be separated from the floor structure 5 , which is only possible from the position shown in FIG. 4, that is to say folded and folded forward, because only then is it possible to unlock the front seat 1 after the Release of the connecting bolt 6 by the hook 7, the front seat base 1 is initially moved somewhat forwards and then the material part forming the mouth 3 is lifted out of the first recess 4 . During the movement forward and the subsequent movement upwards of the material part forming the mouth 3 , the free end 12 'comes except for a grip with the groove of the second recess 11 and can now just be lifted out of it. Accordingly, when establishing the connection, the end section 12 is first inserted into the second recess 11 and then the jaw 3 is lowered onto the connecting bolt 6 .

Also, each rear seat foot 2 has a a forming by downwardly open mouth 13 material part which when connected with the floor structure 5 in a respective third Vertie Fung engages 14 the floor structure 5, verbun in parallel to the connecting pin 6 and rigidly connected to the floor structure 5 a connecting pin 15 is arranged. When the connection is made, the mouth 13 receives the connecting bolt 15 . In which when connected outside the third Vertie 14 part lying evaporation of the rear foot 2 is hinged 16 by a plane parallel to the coupling pin 15 pivot pin 17 to the rear seat foot so that it can from behind and below engage behind the coupling pin 15 without play a hook. The hook 16 must therefore be pivoted backwards, counterclockwise when looking in the direction of the figures, in order to release the connecting bolt 15 .

The pivot pin 17 pivotally connects the lower end of a rear rocker 18 to the rear seat base 2 . A similarly designed rear swing arm is pivotally connected to the other, not shown, rear seat foot in the same way. The slightly rear to the rear bent-rocker arm 18 is in the area of its upper end connected by means of the pivot pin 17 parallel connection pin 19 pivotally connected to a tab-shaped compensating rocker 20, the parallel on the other hand by means of the connecting pin 19, but lower than the lying pivot pin 21 pivotally connected to the rear end portion of the one side part of a carrying structure 22 of the seat part is connected. The supporting structure 22 carries a seat cushion 23 .

The front end portion of the ge from the balance rocker 20 carried side part of the supporting structure 22 is pivotally connected to the upper end portion of a front rocker 25 by means of a pivot pin 24 extending parallel to the pivot pin 21 , the lower, angled portion in the region of its free end portion by means of a to the other pivot pin parallel pivot pin 26 is pivotally connected to the front seat 1 .

A coupling 27 formed by a rigid rod is pivotable on the one hand by means of the connecting pin 19 with the rear rocker 18 and the compensating rocker 20 and on the other hand with the front rocker 25 in the region of a protruding projection 25 'projecting ver connected. Furthermore, a pull coupling 28 , which is also formed by a rigid rod, can be pivoted in the region of its rear end by means of the joint pin 17 with the rear rocker 18 and the rear seat base 2 and in the region of its front end about an axis 29 parallel to the joint pin the front seat 1 pivotally connected. This axis 29 is located, such as Fig. 1 shows, in a height above the floor structure 5, which is greater than the depth of the first recess 4 and slightly below that point the coupling 27 from which these flat back and steeper rises at the front when the seat is at the rear end shown in FIG. 1 of its longitudinal adjustment range.

At a distance from the axis 29 , but still in the area of the front seat 1 , one end of a gas pressure spring 31 is articulated to the coupling 28 with axis 30 parallel to the axis 29 , which is articulated below the connecting pin 19 on the rear rocker 18 . This articulation point is marked with 32 . The gas pressure spring 31 is biased in the sense of an extension of its effective length and is continuously adjustable and fixed within its length adjustment range. When it is released, for which a Darge presented, manually operable actuator, for example, a Bowden cable can be provided, the gas pressure spring 31 therefore pushes the seat to the rear end of its longitudinal adjustment range. If this displacement of the seat is not desired, another cylinder-piston unit, for example a hydro-block element, can also be used instead of the gas pressure spring 31 .

On the seat side, not shown in the figures, a coupling and a coupling, which are designed and arranged like the coupling 27 and the coupling 28 , can be provided. This also applies to the gas pressure spring 31 and a corresponding locking element.

For a longitudinal adjustment of the seat, in which the seat height practically does not change thanks to the compensating rocker 20 , the gas pressure spring 31 must be released. If, as in the exemplary embodiment, the front rocker 25 in its rearmost pivot position shown in FIG. 1 can be positively locked with the front seat base 1 by means of a locking bolt 33 only shown schematically, this locking bolt 33 must also be brought into its release position for a longitudinal adjustment. Since the gas pressure spring 31 together with the coupling 28 and the rear rocker 18 form a triangle, the seat can be determined in any position of its longitudinal displacement range in the blocked state of the gas pressure spring 31 by means of this. In the area of the rear end section of the two side parts of the supporting structure 22 of the seat part, the lower fitting part 34 is fixed in each case by an articulated fitting, the upper fitting part 35 of which is laterally firmly connected to the supporting structure of a backrest 36 . Since the two hinge fittings are of the same design, only the hinge fitting visible in the figures is explained in the following.

A hinge pin 37 , which runs parallel to the hinge pins of the rockers, pivotally connects the upper fitting part 35 to the lower fitting part 34 . For the purpose of determining the backrest 36 in different inclinations was concentric to the hinge pin 37 a rotatably connected to the upper fitting part 35 lock washer 38 vorgese hen, which is associated with a pivot on a parallel to the hinge pin 37 bolt 39 pawl 40 which is assigned in its locked position with several teeth in engagement with the teeth of the toothed disk 38 . In this locked position, the pawl 40 is pivoted by means of a tensioning lever 41 which is pivotably mounted on the lower fitting part 34 and, with its free end forming a tensioning curve, bears against the rear side facing away from the teeth of the pawl 40 . The more the clamping lever 41 is turned in the sense of tensioning, in a clockwise direction according to FIG. 6, the more the pawl 40 is loaded in its locked position. A preloaded spring, not shown, exerts a torque on the tensioning lever 41 in the sense of a pivoting movement into the blocking position. This torque is chosen so large that with a normal load on the backrest 36 the teeth of the pawl 40 are not pushed out of the teeth of the toothed disk 38 , although neither the flanks of the teeth nor the clamping curve of the clamping lever 41 are in the self-locking range. In order to prevent the pawl 40 from disengaging from the toothed lock washer 38 even when the backrest is subjected to extraordinarily high loads, such as may occur in an accident, the tensioning curve 41 ′ of the tensioning washer 41, a section 41 ′, adjoins the self-locking curve 41 . ′, Which leads to self-locking.

In the axial direction next to the toothed lock washer 38 , but non-rotatably connected thereto, a cam washer 42 is arranged on the hinge pin 37 , on which a control lever 43 which is pivotably mounted next to the pawl 40 on the bolt 39 is pivotably mounted independently of the pawl 40 . As shown in FIG. 6, this control lever 43 is designed as a double-armed lever, one arm of which rests on the lateral surface of the control disk 42 that forms the control curve. The other arm is connected via a cable 44 to the hook 16 of the rear seat foot 2 such that the latter cannot be pivoted out of its locking position when the control lever 43 , as shown in FIG. 6, on the high, cylindrical part of the control curve rests because the cable 44 is then tensioned. This is always the case when the backrest 36 is in one of the selectable inclination positions. Only when the backrest 36 is folded forward onto the seat cushion 23 , the control lever 43 is in contact with the gene 42 'of the control curve. Then the connec tion point between the cable 44 and the shorter arm of the control lever 43 has approached the hook 16 so far that it can be pivoted into its release position, in which the cable 44 is then tensioned again. This ensures that the connection between the rear seat base 2 and the floor structure 5 cannot be released when the backrest 36 is in its position of use and the seat could therefore be used.

As long as the hook 16 is in the release position, the control lever 43 prevents due to its abutment on the step, which leads from the low section 42 'of the control curve to the high section, a folding back of the backrest 36 into the use position. This is only possible again if the hook 16 has previously been pivoted into its locked position. This also prevents the seat from being able to be used if it is not properly connected to the floor structure 5 .

Since the hook 16 can be only swiveled into its release position when the backrest is folded 36 forward is only forward folded backrest 36, so in the folded state of the seat, a pivoting it possible in the position shown in Fig. 4 position , in which the seat part and the backrest 36 resting against the seat part cushion 23 are practically in a vertical position. Thanks to the pull coupling 28 , when the folded seat is pivoted forward into a vertical position, the rear rockers 18 are pivoted towards the underside of the supporting structure 22 of the seat part, as shown in FIG. 4. The Raumbe may the folded seat is then relatively low.

The gas pressure spring 31 holds the seat in this ge folded forward position. The locking pin 33 locks the front rocker 25 with the front seat base 1 . In addition, since the front foot 1 is immovably connected to the floor structure 5 , the position of the seat is stable in this folded forward position.

The removal of the seat and also the installation is only possible in the state shown in FIG. 4, in which the folded seat is folded forward, because only in this state the locking lever 8 is accessible and can be actuated. But this is not a disadvantage, because in this state the seat is easier to handle than if only the backrest is folded forward or is in the use position.

As shown in FIG. 7, the two rear seat feet 2 , which are not spaced behind one of the two front seat feet 1 , are arranged on both sides of the middle seat. They serve to anchor the seat belts and are designed like the above-described, outermost rear seat 2 and each provided at the lower end of a rear rocker 18 . The rear seat feet 2 , which are arranged on the inside, are also pivoted toward the underside of the supporting structure 22 via a tube 45 which is arranged coaxially with the connecting pins 19 when the rear seat bench is folded forward. This tube 45 and a tube connecting the front seat feet 1 and concentric with the axis 29 increase the transverse rigidity.

A third depression 14 is also provided for each of the two rear seat feet 2 arranged on the inside, and is formed like the other two third depressions 14 . The seat belts are attached to the two pivot pins 17 , which carry the hooks 16 of the rear seat feet 2 arranged on the inside. The belt forces are introduced so over the hooks 16 and engaged behind of them connecting bolts 15 into the vehicle structure. If the seat belts are not fastened, the two outer 3-point belts are rolled up by their belt retractors until they are tightened. Then they do not appear disruptive and do not hinder the swiveling of the backrest and the folding of the seat. The latter also applies to the middle lap belt, which, when not in use, rests on the seat cushion and lies between the cushion and the seat cushion when the backrest is swung forward.

The two joint fittings 150 shown in FIG. 8, mirror image of the same design, connect the backrest of a second exemplary embodiment of a rear seat or a rear seat bench to the supporting structure of the seat part. By means of a hinge pin 137 , the upper fitting part 135 connected to the backrest is pivotally connected to the lower fitting part 134 . In order to be able to lock the backrest in different inclination settings, there is a sprocket concentric with the hinge pin 137 at the lower edge of the upper fitting part 135 , in the teeth of which the teeth of a locking blade 140 can engage, which like the upper fitting part 135 next to the lower fitting part 134 lying on the latter is pivotally mounted by means of a rivet bolt 139 parallel to the hinge pin 137 . A tensioning pawl 141 designed as a double-armed lever is fixedly arranged on a connecting pin 151 parallel to the hinge pin 137 , which is rotatably mounted in the lower fitting part 134 . The connecting pin 151 extending against the upper fitting part 135 arm of the clamping pawl 141 lies with its free end on the pawl 140 and here has a clamping curve 141 ', the slope of which is chosen so that there is no self-locking, but with normal load on the backrest, the torque exerted by the pawl 140 on the tensioning pawl 141 is smaller than the opposite torque, which is generated by a prestressed spring 152 , which engages on the other arm of the tensioning blade 141 and on the other hand on the lower fitting part 134 , as shown in FIG. 8 shows. However, one can in the connection to the clamping curve 141 'a self-locking section 141 ''hen, which comes into contact with the pawl 140 when the clamping pawl 141 slightly counter to the clamping direction, that is to say in a counterclockwise direction according to FIG. 8, is rotated.

In order not only from the front of the seat, but also from the back of the seat to be able to pivot the tensioning pawl 141 counterclockwise in a direction of view according to FIG. 10 into the position in which the pawl 140 is disengaged from the teeth of the upper fitting part 135 is fixed on the connecting pin 151 an up and forward the first release lever 153 and a downwardly extending second release lever 154 are arranged, on the free end portion in the embodiment a parallel to the connecting pin 151 hand grip is provided. This handle is easily accessible from the room behind the seat.

Each of the two joint fittings 150 is assigned a security device, both of which are of the same design, which is why only one is explained in more detail below.

The security device has a cam plate 142 arranged on the hinge pin 137 , which is connected to the latter by means of an angled nose which engages in an opening of the upper fitting part 135 in a rotationally fixed manner. The cam 142 has a concentric to the hinge pin 137 high curve section and a low curve section 142 ', which are connected via a step 142 ''. Furthermore, the safety device has a double-armed, in the exemplary embodiment right-angled pivot lever 143 , which is rotatably mounted on the rivet bolt 139 lying in the plane of the cam plate 142 . One arm of the pivot lever 143 is when the backrest is in a position of use, on the high portion of the cam 142 , as shown in FIG. 10. The other arm of the pivot lever 143 extends in this pivot position of the pivot lever 143 downwards from the rivet bolt 139 and is connected at its lower end to a Bowden cable 144 .

If one of the two release levers 153 or 154 is actuated in the sense of releasing the pawl 140 and the backrest is then folded forward, the upper fitting part 135 comes into the pivot position shown in FIG. 11, in which the teeth of the pawl 140 fit into a groove 155 of the Upper loading part 135 engage and thus positively lock the upper fitting part 135 in this swivel position as soon as the spring-loaded clamping pawl 140 is released by releasing the release lever in the sense of tensioning, looking clockwise as viewed in FIG. 11.

If, in this position of the backrest folded forward, the connection of the rear feet of the seat to the floor structure of the vehicle is to be released, the pivoting lever 143 must be pivoted counterclockwise when looking in accordance with FIG. 11, so that the locking device via the bow 144 the rear feet is released. In order to be able to effect this pivoting movement of the pivoting lever 143 , the safety device has an actuating lever 156 pivotably mounted on the rivet bolt 139, in the pivoting path of which a part of the material of the arm of the pivoting lever 143 cooperating with the cam plate 142 projects and a stop surface 157 for the top of the actuating lever 156 forms. The pivot lever 143 is therefore inevitably pivoted counterclockwise when looking in accordance with FIG. 11 if the actuating lever 156 is pivoted in the same sense. As shown in Fig. 12, the pivot lever 143 comes into contact with the low curve section 142 'of the cam 142 and forms a stop for the step 142 ''with its free end. In the pivot position shown in FIG. 12, the pivot lever 143 would therefore block the backrest even if the pawl 141 were not in engagement with the groove 155 .

As shown in FIGS . 10 and 11, the arm of the pivot lever 143 which extends downward from the rivet bolt 139 has a mouth 158 which is aligned with the connecting pin 151 . This is provided on both sides in the swivel range of the mouth 158 with a flattening 159 , the angular position and spacing of which are selected such that the mouth 158 can receive the flattened section of the connecting pin 151 with almost no play when the tensioning blade 141 is in the tensioning position. When the swivel lever 143 blocks the upper fitting part 135 in the swiveled-forward position, it simultaneously blocks the tensioning blade 141 , so that the pawl 140 cannot emerge from the groove 155 . This reliably prevents the safety device from having to block the backrest alone in the folded-forward position.

If the folded seat is now to be pivoted into a vertical position, it is necessary to first release its locking device formed by a gas pressure spring 131 . For this purpose, the Be is hinged tätigungshebels 156 of both hinge fittings 160 with a release lever be pivotal range ited to the free end, wherein the pivot axis of a trip lever 160 with that of the other release lever is aligned 160th Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, the two release levers 160 are connected to one another in the region of their free end by a rod 161 in a torsionally rigid manner. This rod 161 can be used as a handle to simultaneously pivot the two actuation levers 156 into the pivot position shown in FIG. 12 and then also pivot the two release levers 160 into the position shown in FIG. 13, in which one not shown Bowden cable, the soul of which is attached to the release lever 160 and the jacket of which is supported on a shoulder 162 of the actuating lever 156 , the gas pressure spring 131 is released.

A pivoting back of the trigger lever 160 into the initial position shown in FIGS. 8 to 12 and a pivoting back of the actuating lever 156 into the initial position shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 has only the result that the gas pressure spring is blocked. The pivot lever 143 , however, remains in the locking position shown in FIGS . 12 and 13, because the actuating lever 156 Be the pivot lever 143 takes only in the other direction of pivot and the Bowden cable 144 prevents a pivoting movement.

As shown in FIG. 14, each of the two identically constructed rear feet 102 a downwardly open mouth 113 which receives disposed a in a recess of the floor structure of the vehicle and having this structure determines verbun which bolt 115 which extends in the seat transverse direction. A hinge pin 117 of the rear foot 102 lying parallel to the bolt 115 carries a hook 116 of a locking device pivotably. As shown in FIG. 14, the hook 116 engages the bolt 115 in its locking positions and is pressed against the bolt 115 by a pawl 163 . The hook 116 is designed such that it is not only able to connect the rear foot 102 to the bolt 115 in a form-fitting manner but also without play. A preloaded spring engaging on the pawl 163 , the effect of which is shown by the arrow 164 , constantly loads the pawl 163 in the sense of tensioning. The connected with the pivot lever 143. Bowden cable 144 on the other hand connected to a second arm of the tension latch 163 so that upon pivotal movement of the pivot lever 143 in the clockwise direction in a viewing direction as shown in FIGS. 10 through 13, the chuck pawl 163 in the in Fig. 15 shown Swiveling position comes, in which it releases the hook 116 , which is now pivoted by a pre-tensioned spring acting on it counter-clockwise in a viewing direction according to FIGS. 14 to 16. This pivoting movement has the result that a provided on the hook 116 nose 116 'from above presses against the bolt 115 and to the extent of a pivoting movement of the hook 116 to its release position shown in Fig. 16, in which the foot 102 upwards is moved. In the release position, as shown in FIG. 16, the hook 116 comes into contact with a flank of the clamping blade 163 and is thereby held in this swivel position.

Since the pawl 163 is coupled via the Bowden cable 144 of the safety device in such a way that the hook 116 can only be pivoted into the release position in which the rear foot 102 is no longer connected to the bolt 115 when the backrest is folded forwards and in this position has been locked, and that in particular the backrest can only be pivoted again from the folded-forward position into a position of use if the connection between the rear foot 102 and the bolt 105 has been established beforehand. For this it is first necessary that the rear foot 102 has been lowered to a position of the pin 115 on the base of the mouth 113 . Here, because of the contact of the nose 116 'of the hook 116 on the pin 115, the hook 116 is inevitably pivoted into its locking position, in which it engages the pin 115 under. Only now can the clamping pawl 163 pivot into the clamping position, which is a prerequisite for the connection via the Bowden cable 144 that the pivot lever 143 can be pivoted into its release position in which it releases the cam plate 142 and the connecting pin 151 . Only now can the tensioning pawl 141 be pivoted back into its release position, in which the upper fitting part 135 can be pivoted back into a pivot position corresponding to the positions of use of the backrest.

In Figs. 17 to 20, the supporting structure of the rear seat or the rear seat is shown bench according to the second embodiment, and connected only in FIG. 17, the connected to the supporting structure 122 of the seat section lower fitting part 134 and the bearing with the structure of the backrest upper fitting part 135 is shown.

As in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 7, two identically designed front seat feet 101 and two likewise identical rear seat feet 102 are provided. Unlike the first embodiment, however, the two rear seat feet 102 are integrally formed with a longitudinal spar 128 , which replaces the coupling 28 of the first embodiment, but how this is pivotally connected about an axis 129 running in the transverse direction of the seat to a front rocker 125 . A pin 165 arranged parallel to the axis 129 engages in a slot 166 concentric with the axis 129 . A pivot pin 126 with a longitudinal axis running in the transverse direction of the seat pivotally connects the front foot 101 to the front rocker 125 . The front rocker 125 is on the one hand pivotally connected to a compensating bracket 120 which on the other hand is articulated laterally on the supporting structure 122 of the seat part with an axis 121 parallel to the pivot pin 126 . In a concentric to the axis 121 slot 167 , a connecting pin 119 engages, which connects the front swing ge 125 with the balance rocker 120 .

One pivot pin 117 connects each of the two rear feet 102 to a rear rocker 118 , which is articulated laterally to the supporting structure 122 in the region of its upper end by means of a connecting pin 119 .

As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 17 to 19, a rod serving as a coupling 127 is located on the rear rocker 118 near the pivot pin 117 connecting it to the rear foot 102 and with the front rocker 125 approximately in the middle between the connection points with the front Foot 101 and the supporting structure 122 of the seat part pivotally connected. The mobility of the quadrangle formed from the rear rocker 118 , the front rocker 125 , the coupling 127 and the longitudinal spar 128 is not only limited by the slot 166 and the pin 165 engaging in it, but also by a slot 168 into which the pin 165 also engages and runs concentrically to the pivot pin 126 .

The four-bar linkage is fixed by means of the gas pressure spring 131 , which is biased in the sense of an extension of its effective length and is continuously adjustable and lockable within its length adjustment range. This Gasdruckfe the 131 is articulated in the area of the front rocker 125 on the longitudinal beam 128 and in the upper half of the rear rocker 118 . In order to release the gas pressure spring 131 so that its effective length can be changed, a train must be exerted on an actuator (not shown), which is done in the exemplary embodiment by means of the Bowden cable, the jacket of which is supported on the shoulder 162 of the actuating lever 156 and its soul with the release lever 160 is connected.

The seat can be continuously adjusted between the foremost seat position shown in FIG. 18 and the rearmost seat position shown in FIG. 19 in the longitudinal direction of the seat if the gas pressure spring 131 has been released beforehand, which fixes the seat in the selected longitudinal position in the blocked state. The force of the gas pressure spring 131 supports the movement of the seat part with the backrest resting against it into the vertical position shown in FIG. 20, in which the seat is held by the gas pressure spring 131 . The seat is expediently brought into this vertical position before the connection of the front feet 101 to the floor structure is released in order to remove the seat. The seat is also expediently installed in this swivel position.

The advantages of the second embodiment over the first embodiment Example are above all to be seen in the fact that the seat frame is constructive is easier and therefore cheaper. It also prevents a headrest provided on the backrest when the folded seat after is folded in front, is pressed against the vehicle floor.  

The third embodiment shown schematically in FIG. 21 is even more simplified compared to the first and second embodiments, since instead of the two front rockers only two supports 225 are required, which can be formed in one piece with the front foot 201 , and in addition the coupling 27 , 127 is omitted. Nevertheless, the seat can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction and swiveled into a vertical position with the backrest folded forward. The connection of the front supports 225 to the supporting structure 222 contributes to this by means of a pin 224 , which is guided in a slot 267 . This slot 267 has a radius of curvature that corresponds at least approximately to the distance between the pivot pin 217 and the connecting pin 219 , which articulate the rear rocker arm 218 to the rear foot 202 or the supporting structure 222 of the seat part. As in the other embodiments, the seat frame is fixed by a gas pressure spring 232 , which is pivotally connected to the rear rocker 218 on the one hand in the front end region of the longitudinal spar 228 and on the other hand somewhat below the connecting pin 219 .

As in the second exemplary embodiment, the seat part is connected to the backrest by means of a pair of joint fittings, which is designed like that according to FIGS. 8 to 13. A locking device is provided for the connection of the front and rear feet 201 and 202 , as shown in FIGS. 14 to 16. Therefore, in this third exemplary embodiment too, the connection of the rear feet 201 to the floor structure of the vehicle can only be released when the backrest is folded forward and locked in this position. The seat folded in this way can then be pivoted forward into a vertical position. The longitudinal spar 228 pivots about the axis 229 connecting it to the associated front support 225 and the supporting structure 222 about the pin 224 . Furthermore, each of the two rear wings 218 comes into a suit as shown in FIG. 20.

Claims (22)

1.Motor vehicle seat, in particular rear seat or rear seat bench, with a seat frame which has rear feet which can be connected to the floor structure of the vehicle by means of a manually releasable locking device, and with a backrest which is connected to the seat frame via lockable bare fittings, which in the released state of their locking device, the backrest can be folded forward, characterized in that the locking device ( 16 ; 116 , 116 ', 163 ) is coupled to a safety device ( 42 , 43 ; 142 , 143 , 156 ) assigned to the backrest , Which

• a) the locking device ( 16 ; 116 , 116 ', 163 ) only for releasing the connection between the feet ( 2 ; 102 ) and the floor structure only when the backrest is in its forward pivoted position,
• b) the backrest in the swiveled-forward swivel position formally secures against swiveling back into the position of use and
• c) the securing of the backrest in the swiveled-forward position only releases again when the rear feet ( 2 ; 102 ) are connected to the floor structure of the vehicle by means of the interlocking device ( 16 ; 116 , 116 ', 163 ).

2. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized in that the safety device ( 42 , 43 ; 142 , 143 , 156 ) has a concentric to the pivot axis ( 37 ; 137 ) of the backrest and rotatably connected to this locking disc ( 42 ; 142 ), which a cooperating locking element ( 43 ; 143 ) in all pivot positions of the backrest with the exception of the pivot position with the backrest folded forward in a first locking position in which the locking device ( 16 ; 116 , 116 ', 163 ) is secured against loosening , And in the forward pivoted position of the backrest a movement of the locking element ( 43 ; 143 ) due to a release of the locking device ( 16 ; 116,116 ', 163 ) in a second locking position in which it allows the locking disc ( 42 ; 142 ) against a rotation in the sense of a folding back of the backrest into the position of use and which secures it only when the locking device ung ( 16 ; 116 , 116 ', 163 ) again. 3. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking disk as a cam ( 42 ; 142 ) with two different heights, via a step ( 142 '') interconnected, cylindrical cam sections and the locking element as a pivot lever ( 43 ; 143 ) is in a first pivot position corresponding to the first pivot position on the high curve section and in a second pivot position corresponding to the second pivot position on the low curve section ( 42 '; 142 ') and here forms a stop for the step ( 142 ''). 4. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 3, characterized in that the safety device has an actuating lever ( 156 ) which is rotatably mounted on the axis ( 139 ) of the pivoting lever ( 143 ) and only in a release of the locking device ( 116 , 116 ', 163rd ) correspond to the direction of swivel with the swivel lever ( 143 ) for an inevitable take-up until the second swivel position is coupled. 5. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the backrest can be locked both in different positions of use and in the pivoted position folded forward by means of a latch ( 140 ), which by means of a clamping eccentric ( 141 ) which is rotatably fixed with a parallel to Pivot axis ( 139 ) of the pivot lever ( 143 ) in the fitting-mounted pin ( 151 ) is connected, can be held in engagement with catches, and that the pin ( 151 ) is secured against rotation by means of the pivot lever ( 143 , 158 ) when the Swivel lever ( 143 ) is in its second swivel position. 6. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 5, characterized in that the pin ( 151 ) in the pivoting range of the pivoting lever ( 143 , 158 ) has a section formed as a polygon and the pivoting lever ( 143 , 158 ) has an aligned and adapted to it mouth ( 158 ) has, which receives the section in the second swivel position with the formation of a rotation lock. 7. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 6, characterized in that the pivoting lever ( 143 ) has an arm with the cam disc ( 142 ) cooperating and an arm provided with the mouth ( 158 ). 8. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that both the pivot lever ( 143 ) and the pawl ( 140 ) and the actuating lever ( 156 ) by means of a single, parallel to the hinge axis ( 137 ) arranged bearing pin ( 139 ) are rotatably mounted on the joint fitting. 9. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that on the actuating lever ( 156 ) with a limited pivoting range a trigger lever ( 160 ) is articulated for a length-adjustable Feststellvor direction and the trigger lever ( 160 ) of both joint fittings preferably via a parallel rod ( 161 ) lying to the hinge axis ( 137 ) are rigidly connected to one another for joint actuation. 10. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that each of the two rear feet ( 2 ; 102 ) as a locking device a pivotally mounted hook ( 116 , 116 ') which in the locked state a bolt ( 115 ) Grips the floor structure, and has a spring-loaded, rotatably mounted clamping pawl ( 163 ), which holds the hook ( 116 , 116 ') in contact with the bolt ( 115 ) in its effective pivoting position and by means of the actuating lever ( 156 ) of the safety device against the spring force in a release position is pivotable, in which the hook ( 116 , 116 ') assumes its unlocking position which releases the bolt ( 115 ) by the force of a return spring acting on it. 11. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 10, characterized in that the hook ( 116 , 116 ') has a nose ( 116 '), the movement of the hook ( 116 , 116 ') in the pivotal movement into the unlocking position from above against the bolt ( 115 ) and thereby lifts the foot ( 102 ). 12. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by

• a) two front supports ( 25 ; 125 ; 225 ) which are releasably connectable to the floor structure of the vehicle and whose upper end portion with one or the other side of the supporting structure ( 22 ; 122 ; 222 ) of the seat part by a transverse direction of the seat extending upper axis ( 24 ; 119 ; 224 ) is pivotally connected,
• b) two rear rockers ( 18 ; 118 ; 218 ), whose lower end section around a lower axis ( 17 ; 117 ; 217 ) running in the transverse direction of the seat with one or the other rear seat foot ( 2 ; 102 ; 202 ) and whose upper end section an upper axis ( 19 ; 119 ; 219 ) parallel to the lower axis ( 17 ; 117 ; 217 ) is pivotally connected to one or the other side of the supporting structure ( 22 ; 122 ; 222 ) of the seat part,
• c) a locking device ( 31 ; 131 ; 231 ), by means of which the rear rockers ( 18 ; 118 ; 218 ) can be locked in selectable pivot positions corresponding to different longitudinal seat positions.

13. A motor vehicle seat according to claim 12, characterized in that the locking device ( 31 ; 131 ; 231 ) has at least one cylinder-piston unit which is infinitely variable in its effective length and lockable in any length setting, which on the one hand on the rear rocker ( 18 ; 118 ; 218 ) at a distance from the connection points with the rear foot ( 2 ; 102 ; 202 ) or the supporting structure ( 22 ; 122 ; 222 ) of the seat part and on the other hand in the area of the front support ( 25 ; 125 ; 225 ) on one with this pivotably connected longitudinal bar ( 28 ; 128 ; 228 ) is articulated. 14. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 13, characterized in that the longitudinal spar ( 28 ; 128 ; 228 ) in the region of its rear end pivotally connected to the rear foot ( 2 ) or integrally formed with this ( 102 ; 202 ). 15. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the cylinder-piston unit ( 31 ; 131 ; 231 ) is biased in the sense of an enlargement tion of its effective length. 16. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the two front supports each consist of a foot ( 1 ; 101 ) and one in the region of its lower end articulated on this front rocker ( 25 ; 125 ). 17. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 16, characterized in that little least a front rocker ( 25 ) with the front foot ( 1 ) carrying it can be locked. 18. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 16 or 1 7, characterized in that the rear ( 18 ) or the front ( 125 ) rocker via a respective swing arm ( 20 ; 120 ) with the load-bearing structure ( 22 ; 122 ) of the seat partially pivotally connected is. 19. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 18, characterized in that the connecting pin ( 119 ), which pivotally connects the front rocker ( 125 ) to the compensating rocker ( 120 ), into a slot ( 167 ) provided in the supporting structure ( 22 ) of the seat part. engages, which runs concentrically to the axis ( 121 ), which connects the compensating rocker ( 120 ) to the supporting structure ( 122 ) in an articulated manner. 20. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the front supports ( 225 ) are each connected via a pin ( 224 ) to the supporting structure ( 222 ) of the seat part, which in a in the supporting structure ( 222 ) provided slot ( 267 ) is displaceable along a path which corresponds to the path of the connecting pin ( 219 ), which connects the rear rocker ( 218 ) to the supporting structure ( 222 ) of the seat part, in the case of a longitudinal seat adjustment. 21. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the two front seat feet ( 1 ; 201 ) apart from a downwardly open mouth ( 3 ) for receiving a connecting bolt extending in the transverse direction of the seat ( 6 ) of the floor structure ( 5 ) of the vehicle and a locking device ( 7 , 8 , 9 ), in its locked position, if the connecting bolt ( 6 ) emerges from the mouth ( 3 ) in a form-locking manner, has a second connecting device ( 12 ) which is offset against the rear seat foot ( 2 ; 202 ), which must be connected to the floor structure ( 5 ) of the vehicle before the mouth ( 3 ) on the connec tion bolt ( 6 ) and can be locked with this. 22. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 21, characterized in that the locking device has a pivotally mounted on the front seat base ( 1 ) hook ( 7 ) which engages behind the connecting bolt ( 6 ) in its locked position, and a manually operable lever ( 8 ) which an axis parallel to the pivot axis of the hook ( 7 ) is mounted on the front seat base ( 1 ) and has a stop ( 9 ) which, in the blocking position of the lever ( 8 ) and the hook ( 7 ), form-fit this against movement into the release position blocked.