DE1781117A1 - Device for lifting - Google Patents

Description

W "8 * 117

Raymond Harvey

"Door direction for lifting"

The invention relates to a device for lifting and lowering palletized loads, ie those that are on loading grids or the like, of bulky goods and packages and in particular, but not exclusively, the handling of palletized drums and barrels, wooden loads or logs, packages, Sheet steel stacks, rolls or wraps, pallets Λ and other loads when loading and unloading ships or other means of transport.

Nowadays it is common practice when loading drums, passports and other packages on loading grids or so-called tallettes to combine them into loading units and to store longer for bulky goods such as logs, sheet steel etc. on carriers, stowage bars or the like so that they can be stored with forklifts and can be transported on slings by cranes. If such loads are to be loaded from or into ships by cranes, the drums or passer are removed from the pallets or support grids and transported with "fitting hooks" on the cranes, in order to then be loaded onto pallets again. In some cases, v / o pallets are in very good condition, four drums are transported on pallets with crane forks at the same time,

however, the load must be perfectly balanced, as it is not possible to lift the load while it is being transported by the crane to hold on. In the case of bulky goods, such as logs and steel sheets, which are tightly packed on carriers, it is Time necessary to push them apart with bars to make ■ loops, to lay them so that they can be lifted by the crane.

"Bin object of the invention is to pallettierte drums Pässer etc., and other loads handle safer and less dangerous way ZM, and it is no longer necessary to take them to less dangerous transport by cranes or hoists of the pallets, or bulkier Goods, such as logs and steel sheets, whichee individually one after the other in known

■ 0098-50 / 0-93S-

Way by pushing apart to attach loops to have to handle so that they can be lifted by the crane or other devices.

It is common nowadays to ship steel sheets in stacks of various sizes according to the requirements of the buyer. They are tied together with steel straps and attached to carriers or damming bars so that they can be transported with forklifts and other devices to facilitate. Steel products, such as strip steel or wire in coils or lumps of various types Dimensions are tied with steel straps and are usually carried on forks or slings that are pushed through will. Palletized loads are on pallets of various widths and depths. When transporting such cargoes are to be, occur nowadays considerable damage the tips of the forks on a) by damaging the front edges the pallets j b) by using the shorter pallets protrude and damage the goods on the pallet behind it ^ c) by removing the metal straps with which e.g. The stacks of metal sheets and lobes are tied around, torn and the saree can be damaged in numerous other ways with the tips of the fork.

One of the objects of the invention is to reduce the damage caused by the fork tips of forklift trucks.

According to the invention, a device for lifting with load-bearing parts that are used to be brought under a load to be lifted, with an upper request, with structural parts, which connect the load-bearing part to the upper plate, and with structural parts for exerting a lifting force provided on the device, the connecting construct! tiotlst.eile are designed in such a way that they grasp the lasii between the load-bearing parts and the top plate cause · j Furthermore, the invention provides a method for lifting a load characterized in that the load-bearing parts a lifting device is brought under a load to be lifted, a lifting force is exerted on the device, and the load between the supporting parts and the top plate 30 is detected to be held during loading and unloading and lagefeat is made.

8 5 O / O 9 3 S bad ORIGINAL -

According to the invention, there is also a fork for one Forklift is provided with the door edge of each prong the fork is provided with at least one roller which is arranged such that a roller surface of at least one Surface of the fork prong protrudes. Is advantageous only one roller is provided on each tine and stands - on the upper one, front and bottom of the tine out. Preferably protrudes the roll surface out by about 1/4 "(6.35 mm).

According to the invention there is also a fork conversion part provided, which has a sleeve that is attached to a prong Lifting fork of a known type of fork lift truck can be fastened to form a fork with one or more as mentioned above arranged roles.

The rollers allow the fork tip on the edge of Rolling pallets and the steel straps of packs or packages with less damage to the goods, because instead of a sharp, chisel-shaped edge, they have a rounded, obtuse possesses.

When using such a fork with rollers at the top, it is also no longer necessary to provide larger flat packages with dunnage or beams by stacking the packages so that the upper one protrudes 2 "(5o, 8 mm) over the lower one The roller-fitted tip of the fork is then lifted under the 2 "protrusion and, with further lifting, moved forward M with the fork tip slightly higher than its other end, so that the load is placed on the fork without the support or Jam bars for the introduction of the fork would be required. ITonly the lowest package has to be provided with storage bars or supports »

Include the connecting structural parts mentioned above preferably a chain or cable with which the device is raised, the cable with the fork and / or the top plate is connected in such a way that by pulling on the cable a Movement of the fork and the upper had caused each other * Preferably is either the fork or the top plate at. a frame, fixed in which the moving part, the fork or the top plate is slidably arranged,. ■

--ΌΦ9850 / Ο93 *!

remaining substantially parallel to one another. The device can be provided with a cable retaining mechanism, that works together with the cable, e.g. by means of articulated plates and stop cams, such that after alternating downward movements of the G-hinged plates in relation to the stop cams Upward movement of the cable is prevented. The holding mechanisms can one under]? ederlast! st_ee | inde, from a hinge plate operated clamp included.

So the top plate of the load is pressed against the top plate when handling bulky goods such as logs, steel sheets, etc., and the top plate is pressed against the top of the load when handling palletized drums, passports, etc. to test them in their lag # before they are lifted when a lifting force is applied to the lifting device, j

The holding means can have a hinge plate that engages a movable roller box and supplies the holding force by means of chains or cables that go over sprockets or pulleys and are connected at one end to the lifting device and at the other end to the upper plate. The holding pressure can be varied from sprockets or sheaves by changing the number, so that's necessary for the various goods, such as fruit trees and pallettierten hordes ψ Liehe holding force is provided.

The invention further provides that the device for lifting automatically with the fork and the upper plate in the open The position is held when it is lifted without a load, the holding or pinching effect only occurring when the fork, the arms or another wing is loaded and the lifting force attacks the hearing direction for lifting. The holding mechanism holds securely while the lifting Power throws, and only releases when the load is safely placed and the lifting force no longer acts on the lifting device.

The invention also provides a device for setting *. the load on the suspension point. in front of correspondingly different widths of the loads and, in order to have a forward or nuokwürtskippeii of the öabtl

008650/0935

Allow me to meet different working conditions can be. This adjustment device contains a handwheel that actuates Hader and a spindle to use a chassis Bückhotyif eder on Gleitbahe ^ nn or Hollen forwards or backwards to move and thereby move the center of the suspension point. The chassis with Eückho spring is arranged in such a way that that it can move back and forth. When the fork is unloaded, the chassis is moved back by the spring, and this displacement of the suspension point causes the Fork tilts forward at an angle of about 2 on its own. A shock absorber can also be used instead of the return spring uses v; earth.

The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawings Embodiments described in more detail, wherein:

1 - 3 show a prong of a fork according to the invention in side, top and front views; Fi;?:. 4 - β part of the invention for conversion a Gaöel in a view from the side, from above and from show in front; this part becomes better known on a prong of a fork Type shown attached;

Fi ^. 7-9 show a further part according to the invention Transforming a fork in a side view, from above and show from the front;

Fi: ''. 1o - 12 in a view from the front, from above and from the side show a device for lifting according to the invention, specially designed for lifting palletized loads and barriers Objects is intended to be safe and harmless; Fig. 15 shows in side view an embodiment which is more suitable for handling pious and barrels;

14 and 15 show the operation of the cable holding mechanism show - which is shown on a smaller scale in. Fig. 1o}

Fi ^. 16-19 are top, rear, and vertical views Sectional views of the device for lifting according to the Invention show, FIG. 19 being a section along the line A-A of Fig. 1> 3 1st, and Fig. 17 ai £ sons near the line B-B of

Fi ·. 1Ζ int, Ι · 9Ι5Ο / Ο03§ ■ ^{; BATH} ORIGINAL

Pig. 2ο - 25 a further embodiment of the holding mechanism and the cable anchorage according to Pig. 16-19 aeigen. According to Pig. 1-3 is the front edge of the fork 1 with a roller 2, which is rotatable on / a pin 3,. Its ends run into holes in the tine and through fastening screws 4 are held, provided. .

The part of the conversion according to Pig. 4-6 contains the same pulley 2 with the pin 3 and the mounting bracket tubes 4 in the end of a box-like part 7 which is shown in place and parts on the tip of the fork 1. The part will; a countersunk screw 5 with nut 6 held in place by Wk.

The embodiment in Pig. 7 - 9 results in an additional one Extension of the fork.

According to Pig. 1o - 12 is the device for lifting out of two U-profiles made of steel, stiffened by three plates 1o and are attached to an upper plate 1o2, which is stiffened by the plates 1o3. Only one U-iron 1o1 needs to be used for narrow constructions.

The carriage 1o4 on which the fork is attached is provided with rollers that sit on steel struts. The sled runs in the U-iron 1o1.

A lifting chain 1o6 is attached to a point 1o7 on the carriage 1o4 and runs over a roller 8 and around a roller W The upper end of the chain is designed so that a crane hook or other corresponding lifting device can be attached to it. Art. Of the chain is a Ansuhlagplatte 21-attached.

The working of the mechanism for holding the cable or the chain is given below using Pi ^. 14 and 15 abbreviated, the; the meohanism of keeping the cable closed and point in the open position.

Pig ·. 14 shows how the soling plate 21 moves in the direction of B. lowers. During this movement, it engages the levers 12 on the approaches 19 effective in one direction. These approaches are hinged to the levers 12 and hit it by means of the noses 24 at. The inner ends of the levers 12 move almost unevenly and lift the rods 13, which in turn versohwenkbardn the 14 versohwenkbardn Lever 2o 'in the direction of the arrows. The planes 2o be ■ • / LrlcHii, daea dLe lower ends of Sohenigi 17 aLoh inwards

IfISSQ / 0 911p BADORlGiMAL . ■■. Jf

move- and. pivot around the bearings 16 until the clamping forks Moving out over the center and through springs 18 in the position shown in FIG.

The Ansoh.lagpla.tte is now in position D. (Pig. 14). The fork is then loaded and the lifting chain 1οβ is sucked upwards. The stop plate 21 pivots the lever attachments 19 up without operating the lever 12, and goes between the jaws 25 carried by the legs 17, fixed load is recorded and lifted. When lowering, the touch Device Ίο1 and the fork comes to the bottom or the fork to rest on a platform. In both cases the load is taken up and the stop plate 21 moves downward in the position O (fig.15), where your squat surfaces 25 on the clamping levers 15 attack. The weight of the stop plate and the Chain pushes this lever 15 outwards in the sight of the arrows, and legs 17 move to bring jaws 25 together.

Now the fork is unloaded, and when the chain is 1o6 again if attracted, the stop plate 21 moves upwards past the spring-loaded lever lugs 19 until the pins 22 engage in the bores 23 in the jaws 25. Now the whole device can be lifted without the fork in ■ Direction on the top plate 1o2 goes up. When the device is lowered and the stop plate 21 to the Attacking approach levers 19, the whole sequence begins Operations again

Fig. 13 is ultimately a schematic side view an embodiment of the invention in which the top plate 1o2 is arranged so that it moves downwards and that on the The fork grips the load. The lifting chain 1o6 attached to the upper plate 1o2 goes over another one in the previous one In the embodiment discussed, roller 27 is not required. A chain containing mechanism such as that shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 may be used also provided in this embodiment of the device His »Another mechanism, not shown, lifts the top plate 1o2 so that the fork can be unloaded.

009860/0931

It is easy to understand that the fork of the in FIGS. 10-12 or embodiment of the invention shown in FIG may advantageously be spiked to carry rollers as described above.

According to a further feature of the invention, the entire Holding mechanism that is used in Pig. 14 and 15 is shown on a Chassis ^ attached with a return spring that has a forward and Backward movement can perform. When the fork is unloaded, the chassis is moved by the springs to the rear limit of its travel, resulting in a displacement of the suspension point of the device, which causes the fork slopes downwards by about 2 °.

However, when the fork is loaded and the device is raised, the chassis rolls forward, e.g. to reverse it inclined surface, and the fork is tilted horizontally. This feature facilitates loading by making it easier to insert the Simplified fork under a load.

The 'embodiment according to FIGS. 16-19 is described below. The device consists of two main frame U-irons 11 ο and two central U-irons 228, which are connected to an upper and a lower crossbeam 1o3 as well as the upper frame 1o2 and the fork support plate 1o4 to form a steel frame.

The fork is provided with rollers 2 at each end and is attached to the fork support plate 1o4.

The frame 21B. for the upper plst is on the slide plate 211 attached, on the side parts of which the rollers 212 sit, which run in the U-iron 1o1. -

The lifting cables 1o6 are anchored in a displaceable anchoring block 129 and, after they have passed over the rear lifting roller 22i8, under the front lifting roller 222, past the Fahrgeatellhubsei.lrolle 22o and through the trailer rope pulley 126, are anchored in the sliding chassis frame 12H. The upper end of the towing rope pulley 216 is designed so that it can be attached to a crane hook or the like. Two hinge plates 21 ο are attached to the movable cable anchoring block 129. Chains or cables 214 are attached to the anchoring points 217 of the upper plate unevenly via the rollers 215 and the movable roller box 213 to be anchored again at the lower anchoring points 216 *

009850/0935

How the Zlemm Mechaniamus and the device work to adjust the suspension point are described below.

In pit ;. 19 the hinge plate 21 o is shown in its front position, while the hanging rope pulley 126 and the hoisting rope 1o6 are amrehob '^ n. When the hinge plate 21o has risen to the underside of the slide plate for the upper plate 211, it engages the bevelled lower edge of this plate and has the plate 21ö open for loading after the fork is under the one to be lifted. Load has been brought. Then the lifting is slackened until the hoisting rope 1o6 is a little slack. As a result, the displaceable anchoring block 129 can slide down a little on the central U-iron 228 of the frame and past the stop cams 23ο. These fold the hinge plates 21 o in the opposite direction so that they then engage the lower edge of the sliding roller box 213, which is raised and thereby pulls the chains or cables 214, which are anchored at point 216, around the carriage plate of the upper plate 211 and the frame 218 according to the same ^f un; s pull au so that they by means of the rollers 2t2 in the frame U-iron 2o1 downward slide, in order to exert the required holding pressure on the load. This pressure can be adapted to requirements by choosing the correct number of disks 215. ■. 'J If loads of different width or depth or transported. '· Be raised aollen, the Aufhängungapunkt can be adjusted in a suitable manner by the hand wheel is rotated 223, the 224 spins the wheel and DIEX spindle for displacing the suspension point, and thereby the slidable chassis according vornt or after, rear, ·) · upon need. The slidable chassis 128 is provided with a return spring 225 in order to change the suspension point in accordance with the loading condition. A Stofldärapfer (eg an oil shock absorber) can also be used in place of the Huokatall spring.

As can be seen, the tips of the fork according to Pig. 16-19 are advantageously provided with rollers 2 at the top in the manner described above in order to facilitate the introduction of the fork under the load. ^J "009850/0935

2ο-25 show a further embodiment of the holding mechanism and the cable anchoring device. The hinge plates 21 o are attached to the pivot pin 231 here and are controlled by a circuit board 236 which is held in place by a circuit board compression spring 232. the Downward movement of the slidable cable anchor block 129 on the stop cams 23o causes the switching plate 236 to reverse its position and to rotate the pivot pin 231 of the hinge plates 21o with them. The stop cam 23o is on one Pivoting pin 235 attached and seated between attachment plates 234 »which are attached to the lower cross member 1o3. The stop cam 23o is made of leather 233 bent like a hairpin held in a central position, which can be moved in their slots is when the stopper cam 23o is moved by the switch plate 236. The lifting cable 1oss consists of one piece and runs through four roles. The ends and the middle of the lifting cable 1o6 are in the sliding cable anchoring block 129 in particular Wells housed and at their ends by wedges -138 anchored, the duroh slots 237 are accessible. The front panel 24-0 of the anchoring block is with the other half of the ■ Provide connections for the lifting cable and provide access to the anchoring block.

Claims (1)

- ιϊ - Claims 1. Device for lifting, characterized by a load-bearing Construction part (11) which serves to be lifted under a last to be brought, a top plate (103), one the supporting structural part and connecting the plate to one another Construction part (1o6) and a device for exerting a lifting force on the device for lifting, wherein the connecting structural part (1o6) is designed so that he a gripping of a load between the load-bearing structural part and the top plate. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the load-bearing structural part consists of a fork (1) and the connecting structural part made of a chain or a cable (1o5). 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the chain 'or the cable (1o6) with at least one fork part (11) is connected in such a way that tensioning the chain or cable causes the fork and the top plate (1o3) to come together to move. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the fork (11) has mostly horizontal legs, the upper plate (1o3) and the fork are connected to the! Lame (1o1), the the fork UiU the top plate parallel with respect to each other holds when the fork moves upwards towards the upper " plptte that stops moving. 5. Device according to one of claims 2-4, characterized in that that a cable holding device (Fig. 14,15) is provided through which the cable goes. 6 «Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the cable holding device (Fig. 14,15) has a stop plate (21) which is attached to a chain or a cable (1o6), and one under spring load operated by a hinge plate Clamp that has a first lever (17) with a shoulder (19) against that the stop plate can hit, one end of the lever with a second lever (2o) connecting rod (13) »a clamping fork (15), a spring or the like (IB) -UHd a chain- t) 09850 / 093S - 43s- or Eabelklemrie (2! ;-) owns that around a Pooh. kt is swiveled below the first lever.cbar is unc. the cable release ', the clamping lever Venn over the' moves i'ot ^ unict addition. ?. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that characterized in that the load-bearing structural part (11; can move in sight of the upper plate (1o;>), i.n the load 'to take. rf .. device according to one of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that that the upper plate (218) can occupy itself in the direction of the load-bearing part (1) in order to move the load. 9. Device according to one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the free bark of the connecting construction ■ is partly (1o6) connected with a hook or * an eyelet, and das. the other end of the chain- ode?: · d -s Zabel over -two discs or roles (8,9) and with the supporting ^ onstruktionteil - (11) is connected. 10. Device according to .Anspruch 8, characterized in that another disk or E0II3 (27) vo. ^ it just. is about the the Jlette or the cable goes and then with the top plate (1o2) is connected. 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a back and forth movable chassis (128) which contains an elastic structural part, such as a spring (225), to cause that. ^ ET-bearing lionstrulction part (1) sieve, inclines forward up to 2 ° in relation to the horizontal in the unloaded state. 12. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that it has a device sun holding a chain or a label, the joint plates (21ο), a movable hollow bar (-21 '^), a displaceable verran iRrurigskloti: (129 ), which is connected to the lifting cables and attached to the U-eienkplat i: t? n, and has stop cams (2; · ο) which are connected to the lioi Im buttons and act with the G-eleuk plates, whereby ans Cable or the chain around rollers in the "b-weglichen lioilenkastpn, around further, fixed, on the KaMen (Ιοί) dt;. ·· device \ u. Fixed KoIlen (21ü>); - eht and then on the movable '.Γοΐ1 ( 2ΐ1), which is the upper plate (; 218) trii ^ t., ^. Tefui] -tigt. 009850/0935 BAD OWGiNAL 13. Device according to claim. 12, - denoted by, - That they have a device (12ü) for adjusting the position of a Lifting cable reel (22o) has an adaptation to different loads Allow expansion. 14. Performing according to claim 13 , characterized in that the device contains a handwheel (23) for adjusting the suspension point and a spindle (224) cooperating therewith. 15. Device according to claim 13 ^, - or 14, characterized in that that the lifting rope pulley (12ö) under spring load either one Tension spring (225) or a shock absorber. 16. Device according to one of the preceding claims, da- ' characterized in that the end of the load-bearing construction is partly (1), which can be brought under a load, is provided with at least one roller (2) which is removed from the surface of the load-bearing! Constructions partly protrudes upwards « 17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that the front edge of the fork (1) has at least one hollow (2), which is arranged in such a way that the roller surface projects beyond at least one surface of the fork. "] '<■■>. Device according to claim 16 and 17, characterized in that a sleeve (7) fitted over the fork (1) and at least one Bolle (2) disposed on the leading edge of such sawn g sits that their Surface protrudes from it and thereby transforms the fork. 19. A method for raising a load using the apparatus according to claim 1 - 1 NC, characterized in that a supporting Const rukt ionsteil means of lifting under brought to hobende load, a lifting force to the device is allowed to act, and the! Load between the load-bearing structural member and the top plate is so measured that it is retained during loading and unloading. 009850/0935 L e r s e i t e