DE1619107C3 - Antistatic textile auxiliary for synthetic fibers - Google Patents

Description

IO weight percent mineral oil and / or aliphatic acid ester as a lubricating component and 0 to 40 weight percent of an anionic and / or nonionic emulsifier.

2. Antistatic textile auxiliary according to claim 1, additionally containing one or more higher alcohols and / or one or more higher aliphatic acids.

The invention relates to an antistatic textile auxiliary of the type of an oil-in-water mixture, which forms a stable emulsion, which is used to prevent synthetic electrical charging Fibers is used.

For this purpose are l-ethylol-2-alkyl-imidazolines, which is obtained by reacting fatty acids and hydroxyethyl diamine is known. you will be only used as a cationic surfactant as it is used in combination with anionic compounds are unsuitable as emulsifiers for finishing purposes.

The invention is based on the object of providing an antistatic textile auxiliary for synthetic To create fibers that form a stable emulsion and give the fibers excellent antistatic properties Gives properties.

The antistatic textile auxiliary for synthetic fibers according to the invention consists of an emulsion of a mixture of 10 to 50 percent by weight of a carboxyethylated derivative of 1-Ethylene-2-alkyl-2-imidazoiin, 40 to 80 percent by weight mineral oil. and / or an aliphatic Acid ester as a lubricating ingredient and 0 to 40 percent by weight of an anionic and / or nonionic emulsifier. The textile auxiliary according to the invention can additionally contain one or more higher alcohols and / or one or more higher alcohols contain aliphatic acids.

The uniformity of the emulsion plays a role in the application of a textile auxiliary emulsion to the fibers and their stability play a crucial role. For example, if the fibers with an unstable Are treated with the emulsion, tension points form after the application of the emulsion as soon as the Fibers come into contact with or are guided over a metal roller, with the result that that the fibers break and their quality suffers considerably.

A mineral oil or mineral oil is usually used as the lubricating component in textile auxiliaries Fatty acid esters. So far, polyoxyethylated fatty acids, higher ones, have been used as emulsifiers for mineral oil Alcohols or aliphatic alkylamines or amides are used, but these are not always used as emulsifiers suitable for the fatty acid esters.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,730,464 discloses textile auxiliaries known for synthetic fibers, which consist of mineral oil and 2-alkyl-imidazoline and the Fibers are intended to impart antistatic properties. In particular, 1-ethylol-2-alkyl-imidazoline is also used specified as an essential component for an antistatic textile finish. In contrast, offers the carboxyethylated imidazoline compound used according to the invention with regard to its emulsion resistance, the distribution on the roller rollers and the wetting capacity of the application rollers represent a significant technical advance like this one from the comparative examples given below.

The softening agent according to the invention is a very uniform, stable emulsion, and moreover has excellent antistatic properties.

In the new softener, the amount of the individual components can be within a certain range vary, namely the components should be present in the following proportions:

component Weight percent Lubricating ingredient
Carboxyethylated derivative of
1-Ethylene-2-alkyl-2-imidazoline
Emulsifier 40 to 80
10 to 50
0 to 40

If necessary, a

Coupling agents in the form of one or more higher alcohols and / or one or more higher aliphatic ones Acids are present.

Any anionic or nonionic surfactant can be used as the emulsifying agent or use a mixture of such agents.

The textile auxiliary according to the invention is usually used in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion, in which the lubricating mixture in a proportionate amount of usually 5 to 30 percent by weight is available. The proportional amount of lubricating mixture applied to the fibers or • Yarn is applied, is usually 0.2 to 1.0 percent by weight, preferably about at 0.2 to 0.5 percent by weight.

example 1

In the presence of an alkali catalyst, 1 mol of 1-ethylol ^ -heptadecenyl ^ -imidazoline was reacted for 3 hours in an aqueous medium with 1 mol of methyl acrylate ^{at 8O 0 C, then the product was hydrolyzed, and the sodium salt of 1 -} Carboxyethoxyethyl - 2-heptadecenyl-2-imidazoline (this salt is hereinafter referred to as the "carboxylated imidazoline salt") obtained. Using this salt, the following mixture was prepared:

composition Weight
percent Carboxylated imidazoline salt
mineral oil 20th
60
10
10 · Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether
Sodium salt of petroleum sulfonate

The particle size of the resulting emulsion in water was less than 0.2 microns, and if the emulsion was left for one week at room temperature. temperature, there was neither creaming nor settling. The antistatic property of the emulsion was measured on fibers by means of a potentiometer of the Kasuga type with the fibers moving at a speed of 300 m / min. At the ver. 20 fibers in the form of a yarn at 40% relative humidity and 20 ^° C. were also tested.

Untreated yarn
Treated yarns ...

Example 2

Electric potential (volts)

+40,000 -5

component

Carboxylated imidazoline salt.

Octyl oleate

Polyoxyethylene castor oil
Oleyl alcohol "

Weight percent

20th

50

25th

The antistatic effect in the case of treating polyester fibers using the above listed mixture was eaten. Also listed for comparison is the result that was obtained was when testing the same fibers, but using a conventional finish-oil mixture from a mineral oil and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (hereinafter referred to as the "conventional brightener-oil mixture" referred to) were treated.

Untreated fibers

Fibers that have been treated with a conventional mixture of brivier and oil

Fibers treated with the agent according to the invention
had been

Electric potential (volts)

+45,000

+ 5.500

+50

Average Stability of component Emulsion*) (Particle size in microns) Sorbitan ester (100 parts) / carboxy- Lated imidazoline (30 parts) ... very stable (0.1) Sorbitan ester (100 parts) / imide azoline acetate (40 parts) ... unstable (4) Sorbitan ester (100 parts) / imide azoline reaction product (4OTeUe) very unstable (10)

*) Determined was allowed to stand in a graduated cylinder for 24 hours at 3O ⁰ C by the settling state, which occurred after 100 ml of the 10% emulsion.

Example 4

The antistatic effect was compared by measuring the electrical potentials that arise when a thread, made of 34 individual fibers, was guided past a metallic thread guide under friction with a total denier of 210 denier and at 0.5% (based on the dry weight of the fibers calculated) was prepared with a lubricant mixture obtained by mixing 50% mineral oil, 30% Polyoxyäthylenojeyläther with 6 Oxyäthyjengruppen and 20% of an imidazoline compound

which corresponded to the following structural formula I.

R-C

N-CH ₂ .
CH ₂ CH ₂ OCH ₂ CH ₂ COONa

R. Electrical potential
in volts Frictional force
ing QiH ₂₃
QsH ₃₁
QvH ₃₅
Q7H33
Coconut alkyl
Untreated ... -120
-150
> -34Q
-100
-140
+4000 ■ 55
56
53
50
55
250

Example 3

There were 100 parts of SoTbitan trioleate and sorbitan monooleate (1: 1) emulsified by means of the carboxylated imidazoline salt according to the invention, and were obtained when using 30 to 40 parts of the imidazoline salt a very stable emulsion, while when using of the acetate of l-ethylol-2-alkyl-2-imidazoline or of the reaction product of this imidazoline a stable emulsion could not be obtained with monochloroacetic acid. This is in the following Table illustrates.

^5U example 5

For comparison purposes, lubricant blends were made by mixing 50 parts Mineral oil, 10 parts of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether with 6 oxyethylene groups, 25 parts of a sulphated Oleyl oleate sodium salt and 15 parts of 1-polyoxyethylene-2-hepta-decenyl-2-imidazoline, which correspond to the following structural formulas II and III, or with 1-ethylol-2-alkyl-2-imidazoline, which of the structural formula IV corresponds to and according to US Pat. No. 2,730,464 for antistatic textile treatment is known. The compounds II and III were added by adding 1 and 3 moles of ethylene oxide, respectively L-Ethylol ^ -heptadecenyl ^ -imidazoline obtained. the Appropriate lubricant compositions were applied with the help of lubricant application rollers Multi-ply nylon yarn made of 34 individual fibers with a total titer of 210 denier applied in such a way that

a preparation of 0.5% of the mixture, calculated on the fiber weight, applied to the threads would. The ability to distribute a 5% solution of the lubricant mixture on the application rollers, its emulsion resistance and the potentials, that of rubbing the treated yarn with a metallic thread guide at a yarn speed of 300 m per minute were measured.

R-C

N-CH ₂

IO

(H)

N-CH ₂

CH ₂ CH, OCH ₇ CH, OH

R-C

R-C

N-CH ₂

N-CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) ₃ H

(III)

N-CH ₂

(IV)

N-CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ OH

Type of imidazoline derivatives Emulsion resistance Networking the roles Electrical potentials "
in volts l-polyoxyethylene-2-heptadecenyl- 2-imidazoline with 2 oxyethylene - groups according to the structure formula II unstable l-polyoxyethylene-2-heptadecenyl- 2-imidazoline with 4 oxyethylene - groups of structural formula III stable bad l-ß-hydroxyethyl-2-heptadecylene- 60 imidazoline of structural formula IV according to the state of the art unstable - l-carboxyethoxyethyl-2-heptadecenyl- 2-imidazoline of structural formula I ... stable Well

It is evident that the polyoxyethylene imidazoline compounds of the structural formulas II, III and IV with regard to their resistance to emulsion and the wetting ability of the applicator rolls or the

Distribution on the peeling rollers of the carboxylated imidazoline compound according to the invention of the structural formula I are inferior.

Example 6

The emulsion resistance, the ability to network the roles and the electrical potentials

groups, 25 parts of sulfated whale oil and 10 parts the corresponding imidazoline compounds obtained

when using a lubricant mix which were 45 ns were using the same

by mixing 50 parts of mineral oil, 15 parts of polyoxyethylene coconut alkyl ether with 5 oxyethylene

Methods measured as in Example 5, the following results being obtained:

Types of imidazoline compounds Emulsion resistance Networking ability of the roles Electrical potential
in volts l-polyoxyethylene-2-heptadecenyl-
2-imidazoline with 2 oxyethylene
groups
l-yS-hydroxyethyl-2-heptadecylene-
imidazoline of structural formula IV
according to the state of the art
l-carboxyethoxyethyl-2-heptadecenyl-
imidazoline- (2) stable
stable'
stable Well
bad
Well 500
100

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Antistatic textile auxiliary for synthetic fibers consisting of an emulsion of a mixture of 10 to 50 percent by weight of a carboxyethylated derivative of l-ethylol ^ -alkyl ^ -imidazoline, 40 to 80 Ge