DE1274909B - Stabilization system for ships - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY GERMAN 4ffl9w> PATENTAMT Int. CL:

B 63 b

EDITORIAL

German class: 65 a2 - 57

Number: 1274 909

File number: P 12 74 909.6-22 (M 72667)

Filing date: February 6, 1967

Opening day: August 8, 1968

The invention relates generally to ship stabilization, and more particularly to an improved apparatus for exerting a restoring torque on a ship by moving a fluid in a tank.

Recently one uses stabilization systems in which with a free liquid level is being worked on. These systems usually require tanks of a certain shape and / or internals, so that a large amount of material occurs and the systems are very heavy. For the manufacture of the tanks special machines are necessary. In many cases the design of the ship has to be modified so that these tanks can be installed. Furthermore, in the known systems, there is stabilization only adjustable to a limited extent. When the systems are built in, they can be used for another Application can only be set up after considerable changes, which require a great deal of effort Require time and money. so

In the known free liquid level stabilizers (see, e.g., U.S. Patent 3,054,373) another problem arises which is due to the fact that when using These stabilizers are used to lower the liquid level in ships with long rolling periods must, so that the natural oscillation period of the stabilizer for the purpose of adapting to the roll period of the Ship is extended. However, the reduction in the liquid content of the container makes it smaller the moment, so that a perfect stabilization of these ships is not possible.

The invention aims to provide a stabilization system with a free surface that is simple Construction is very versatile and adapted to relatively long rolling periods of the ship can be without reducing the amount of liquid used in the container.

To this end, a stabilization system for ships with an elongated tank is used assumed, the longitudinal axis of which is transverse to the roll axis of the ship and which is partially with a stabilizing liquid is filled with clear mirror. In this system, according to the invention, there is now a vertical one Deflector plate mounted on the bottom of the tank. This plate intersects the vertical longitudinal median plane of the tank at an acute angle and ends just before the end walls of the tank. Between There are narrowed channels on the side walls of the tank and the adjacent end portions of the plate.

Since the plate is arranged at an acute angle in the tank, the fluid moves partially Stabilization system for ships

Applicant:

John J. McMullen Associates, Incorporation,

New York, N.Y. (V. St. A.)

Representative:

E. Lorenz, B. Seidler and M. Seidler,

Lawyers,

8000 Munich 22, Widenmayerstr. 23

Named as inventor:

Frans Victor Antonius Pangalila,

Staten Island, N.Y. (V. St. A.)

Claimed priority:

V. St. v. America 7 February 1966 (525 426)

in a canal that gradually decreases in width. This becomes the effective longitudinal dimension of the tank changed so that the frequency can also be changed. For smaller rolling movements of the ship, the fluid can immediately flow back without first closing the ends of the tank reach. The change in the effective longitudinal dimension makes it possible in the tank when achieved the same natural oscillation period to use a larger amount of liquid than in the known Tanks. In this way, the stabilizing moment generated is increased.

In a first embodiment of the invention, the baffle is higher than the rest mirror of the Partially filling tank with stabilizing liquid. This way the greatest dampening effect will be achieved achieved so that the stabilization torque is reduced.

In a second embodiment, the baffle is lower than the resting level of the stabilizing liquid. With such a baffle, stabilizing fluid runs continuously from one channel into the other as the ship rolls. Consequently the liquid is dampened less and the stabilizing moment is increased.

In a third embodiment, the ends of the baffle are substantially at the same height arranged like the rest surface of the tank liquid

809 589/42

3 4

and the central part of the plate extends over F i g. 3 a, 3 b and 3 c show a top view

the full height of the stabilizing tank. With gentle different modifications of the embodiment according to Rolling is therefore a similar stabilization Fig. 1;

effect achieved as in the first embodiment. 4a and 4b show a semi-active system with

When rolling more vigorously, the 5 of a device for controlling the movement fluid is overflowed, so that the stabilizing moment increases direction of the stabilizing liquid; will. Fig. 5 shows a plate with cutouts

The stabilization system according to the invention can have holes and a control device for change can be further improved by the fact that the deflecting the surface of the holes; Plate has the shape io F i g in its horizontal longitudinal section. 6 shows a plate with cutouts has a flattened S to allow the tank liquid holes and a control device to change can flow more smoothly. For the same purpose one can determine the number of holes exposed in the plate; Provide auxiliary guide surfaces, the tank being disconnected. 7 shows an active or semi-active execution

may have rounded corners. form of the invention.

According to a further feature of the invention, according to FIG. 1 is the longitudinal axis of a tank 10 the stabilization system have vertical walls, substantially horizontal and perpendicular to the placed between the end parts of the baffle and the axis around which the ship stabivon the side wall remote from the end part in question is to be lized. In the partially with a are arranged. These walls can be filled with a stabilizing liquid 20 in a tank Direction through flow devices provided 20 vertical baffle 11 attached, the end parts having a recirculating flow around the baffle to opposite walls of the tank allow. Which flow through in one direction and form an oblique angle with them, Available facilities can consist of several slats. When the ship rolls, most of the exist, the stabilizing liquid in a converging direction in the desired flow direction are pivotable about axes, which are guided vertically in the channel from the plate and the affected stand are arranged from each other. This rear side wall of the tank 10 is formed so that Flap flaps have a tuning effect, so that the liquid essentially circulates perform a partially active movement in a simple and effective way. This is indicated by the arrows of the stabilization system.

is, the liquid only in one direction 30 According to the side view shown in Fig. 2a flow around the plate, but not a simple one, following the line 2-2 in FIG. 1 extends the can perform reciprocating motion. Plate 11 over the entire height of the tank 10.

In order to adjust the tuning effect according to FIG. 2 b is the equilibrium level of the stabilization

possible, the baffle in the tank around sizing liquid 20 can be slightly above the plate 11, so their vertical center line can be mounted pivotably. 35 that when the ship rolls, liquid is constantly coming out The plate can then be placed in a position one channel overflows into the other. In this Auserden, in which the tank for a certain leadership form therefore reaches the stabilization ship or for certain weather conditions liquid faster the ends of the tank because a has optimal stabilizing properties, or one part of the liquid on a shortcut route over a controllable motor for pivoting 40 the plate 11 flows.

the baffle in response to the rolling of Fig. 2c shows a compromise between the

Provide for the ship. both in Fig. 2 a and 2 b shown heights. In

To control the tuning and attenuation F i g. 2 c corresponds to the height of the plate on theirs effect of the baffle can be in both end ends of the rest surface of the liquid. The plate divide the plate symmetrically to its vertical 45 then gradually rises and reaches in the middle Centerline openings may be provided. This open the full height of the container. The plate is therefore like this The effects may be constant or their effects may be adjusted to the extent that the ship rolls more vigorously can change with the help of a closure device- stabilizing liquid overflows because then a be bar, with the help of which the total number of free rapid transverse transport of the liquid with high lying openings or the effective area of the 50 probability is required. Openings is changeable. The adjustment devices F i g. 3 a and 3 b show other variants

can be done manually or automatically as a function of FIG. 1. In FIG. 3 a, the sides of the tank 10 be adjusted by the rolling of the ship. a parallelogram and the plate 11 runs

According to a further feature, the inven- tion is approximately at right angles to the roller axis of the proper stabilization system motorized 55 ship.

Actuated means for moving the liquid before- According to Fig. 3b, the tank has rounded corners

seen. These means are at least partially in and the plate 11 in horizontal section the shape Liquid is submerged and can be flattened with a cone to allow a smoother flow constant speed or with a depending on the stabilizing liquid 20 is achieved. These The speed of the ship's rolling can change due to the smooth flow of the liquid to be driven. Auxiliary guide surfaces 11 'are favored The in

In the following, several features illustrated in FIG. 3b can be used alone or together of the invention on the basis of the drawings with each of the other specifications given here. In these shows guide forms are used.

1 shows the object of the invention in a plan view. According to FIG. 3c, the inclined plate 11 is shown in FIG

stood with the tank and the sloping plate; Center on a vertical, rotatable axis 12

F i g. 2 a, 2 b and 2 c show animals in side view, so that the oblique angle can be set

several possible profiles of the plate in FIG. 1; can. By this setting of the oblique angle

the tuning and damping effect of those who slide on guides 19 and close

Plate 11 and thus the stabilizing effects of and opening the holes 21 are used.

Tanks 10 affected. The plate 11 is therefore based on the in FIGS. 5 and 6 shown embodiment

set an angle with which in a determinate form are passive, d. that is, the control device th ship or under given weather conditions 5 in advance to achieve optimal stabilization

optimal stabilizing properties are obtained and coordinated.

the. The embodiment according to FIG. 3 c can be converted into a according to FIG. 7 between each side wall

fully active stabilization system, tank 10 and plate 11 are converted to two propellers.

the one in which the oblique angle of the plate 11 is in delegation. The in F i g. 7 embodiment shown dependency when the ship rolls, a semi-active stabilization system is automatically activated when the

controls or is adjusted. For this purpose propellers 50 and 52 are set at constant speed.

with the axis 12 of the plate 11 a measuring and driving, so that they the stabilization liquid

Control device connected. A gyroscope 30 is able to move 20 in orbit like this

connected to a transducer 32 which is an electric hand of FIG. 4 has been explained.
Signal generated, the voltage of which corresponds to the magnitude of the RoI- 15 To convert the embodiment according to

lens of the ship is directly proportional and via a F i g. 7 in a fully active system one can help with

Amplifier 33 and a switch 34 a motor 36 of the switch 34 turn on the measuring device, the

controls. The switch 34 is used to switch on or off the gyroscope 30, the converter 32 and the

switch the measuring device with respect to the control amplifier 33 and works similarly to that in furnishings. ao F i g. 3 shown. The propellers 50 and 52 rotate

According to FIG. 4 a are two non-return valves, therefore depending on the measuring device, the

seen, which is controlled from one side of the plate 11 to by the rolling movement of the ship,

an adjacent side wall of the tank 10 with greater roll movement of the ship also increases

stretch and a circulating flow to stabilize the speed of the propeller.

effect izing liquid. This is through the 25 When passive stabilization is the tuning of

Arrows 6 indicated and will be explained below. the width and length of the tank 10, the angle and

The flap arrangements 40 and 42 have more than the length of the plate 11 and the volume or

rere, horizontally arranged, pivotably mounted liquid level of the stabilizing liquid 20 in

Slats that only open in one direction and depend on the tank 10. For controlling the fre-

conclude. When the flap assemblies 30 are closed, the most important thing is the dimension in the direction

the lamellas overlap like a shingle. Below that of the longitudinal axis and the liquid level are decisive.

Influence of gravity and the force of the liquid. The dimensioning of the container is best done under

the slats are swiveled open so that, taking into account the size and type of the ship's

a ladder-like arrangement several horizontal manure.

Openings are formed, which they through- 35 In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the flows

flowing stabilization liquid 20 a damping stabilization liquid 20 in the tank 10 partially

have an effect. With 8 the direction is indicated - in a channel of gradually decreasing width,

tet, in which the tank 10 in FIG. 4 a rolls. As a result, the effective longitudinal measurement of the

the ship changed in the manner shown to starboard tanks 10, and it can thus change the frequency

scrolls, therefore the flap assembly 40 opens for 40 to be changed. When rolling gently, the

the stabilizing liquid, while the liquid 20 in the tank 10 is therefore a stabilizing liquid

opposite side of the plate 11 arranged effect without the liquid to the

Flap assembly 42 to flow under the action of the heavy end of the tank or the other

force and the fluid force is closed. needs.

When the ship rolls to port, i.e. H. against 45 The height of the plate 11 in the tank 10 is determined the direction of the arrows 8, the flap arrangement is the damping effect of the liquid and thus the 42 open and the flap arrangement 40 closed - size of the stabilizing moment generated. According to sen held. In Fig. 4b the liquid is Fig. 2a a stronger damping and therefore a forces, achieved when rolling in one direction along a smaller stabilizing moment. The opposite side of the tank 10 and when rolling in the opposite result is obtained according to FIG. 2b, where set direction along the other side of the tank, the plate 11 dampens the liquid less so 10 to flow so that one indicated by the arrows 6 - that a stronger stabilizing moment is achieved, indicated orbital motion is generated. A combination of these is obtained in FIG. 2c

In FIG. 5, holes 16 are cut out of the plate 11 for both effects, since a similar one is cut out when rolling gently. These can be permanently open and the stabilizing effect is achieved as in FIG Art be arranged that optimal stabilization Fig. 2a, while with more violent rolling similar to properties can be achieved. One can also use one shown in FIG. 2 b received stronger stabilizing moments Control device 13-14 for setting the area. The selection of the plate according to Fig. 2a, 2b of the holes. By controlling the area of the or 2 c takes place depending on the type of Holes can be tuned and damped 60 ship or on the basis of personal wishes, depending on the cargo of the ship or during the In semi-active operation, the same voting one The parameters are present for a longer period of time, as is the case with the passive Stabili-See change. system, but is the volume of the liquid

F i g. 6 shows a comparison with FIG. 5 modified or the fluid level less critical. F i g. 4th

Embodiment. Instead of the surface of the holes 65 and, with the measuring device switched off, FIG. 7

one can also show the number of exemplary embodiments of the invention with the same result

steer the holes. For this purpose, the control stabilization system for ships is in semi-active

device 18 connected to closure elements 16 operation.

In Fig. 4, a semi-active operation is obtained when the rolling of the ship and the function of the Flap assemblies 40 and 42 cause the liquid 20 to be dampened and circulate carries out as described above. As a result of the construction according to the invention the liquid can not only have a reciprocating motion, but an orbital motion run around the inclined plate without affecting the functioning of the system. The required A damping effect can be exerted on the liquid with simple non-return flaps 40 and 42 when the liquid flows through the nozzle-like, horizontal openings of the flap assemblies flows. The tuning effect of the flaps is described below in connection with the semi-active Described function that is achieved with the propellers in FIG.

In Fig. 7 a semi-active stabilization system with propellers is obtained, which with constant Speed are driven and in all phases of the ship's movement an orbital movement of the liquid to maintain the plate. Since the construction according to the invention is an orbital movement of the Permitted liquid, one can simply use trained propellers that operate at a constant speed and do not require a device to change the speed or to reverse the direction of rotation.

When the ship is not rolling, no overturning moments are exerted on the ship because each of them moving liquid at one end of the tank 10 canceled the force generated at the other end of the tank will. If the ship does not roll for a long time, hears in FIG. 4 the orbital movement of the Ship on due to the damping and the drive of the propeller in Fig. 7 can be switched off.

When the ship rolls to starboard, all fluid flows to starboard. In Fig. 4 causes the Plate 11 in cooperation with the flap arrangements and in Fig. 7 the plate in cooperation with the propellers a slowing down of the liquid in the rear part and an acceleration the liquid in the front of the tank. In the F i g. 4b and 7 is therefore in the rear of the tank 10 produced essentially no movement and a coordinated movement in the front part. If that If the ship then rolls to port, there is essentially no movement in the front part of the tank 10 and creates a coordinated movement in the rear part.

As a result of the circulating movement of the liquid, the semi-active operation according to FIG. 4 and 7 a simple and effective adjustment of the tank without having to control the liquid movement and for tuning a semi-active or active ship stabilization system, a possibly complicated one Device is required.

When the measuring device described above is switched on in FIGS. 3c, 5, 6 and 7, it detects every roll movement of the ship, so that the control device comes into operation. In Fig. 3 c, the angle of the plate 1 is changed. In Figs. 5 and 6, in which the measuring device is not shown, the area or number of holes in the plate 11 are changed. In Fig. 7 there is a change in the speed of the propellers. As a result of this change, the damping effect on the stabilizing fluid is increased or decreased and the system is thus constantly tuned so that stabilization takes place which counteracts the causes of the rolling movement.

Claims (17)

Patent claims: 1. Stabilization system for ships with an elongated tank whose longitudinal axis is transverse to the roller axis of the ship and partially with a stabilizing liquid free mirror is filled, characterized in that that a vertical baffle is mounted on the bottom of the tank, which the vertical longitudinal median plane of the tank intersects at an acute angle and just before the end walls of the tank ends, being between the side walls of the tank and those adjacent to them Narrowed channels are provided in end portions of the plate. 2. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector plate is higher than the resting level of the stabilizing liquid partially filling the tank. 3. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector plate is lower than the resting level of the stabilizing liquid. 4. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector plate on their ends has essentially the same height as the rest level of the tank liquid and the middle part of the plate extends over the full height of the stabilization tank. 5. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector plate has the shape of a flattened S in its horizontal longitudinal section. 6. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that auxiliary guide surfaces are provided. 7. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank has rounded corners. 8. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that a vertical wall is arranged between each end part of the baffle and the side wall remote from this end part, and these vertical walls are provided with devices which can be flown through in only one direction and which cause an orbital movement around the Baffle is generated around. 9. Stabilization system according to claim 8, characterized in that the in only one direction Through-flow devices consist of several lamellae, which are arranged around axes that are vertical are arranged at a distance from each other, freely pivotable in the desired flow direction are. 10. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector plate is pivotably mounted in the tank about its vertical center line. 11. Stabilization system according to claim 10, characterized in that a controllable Motor is provided for pivoting the deflector plate depending on the roll of the ship is. 12. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that in both end parts the baffle plate is provided with openings symmetrical to its vertical center line. 13. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized by a closure device for closing any number of the openings. 14. Stabilization system according to claim 12, characterized in that a device is provided for changing the effective area of the openings. 15. Stabilization system according to claim 14, characterized in that the device for Changing the effective area of the openings is provided with a drive for changing depending on the roll of the ship. 16. Stabilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that a motor-driven Device is provided which is at least partially immersed in the liquid and is used to move the liquid. 17. Stabilization system according to claim 16, characterized in that the motor-driven Device is provided with a speed control device, which is dependent on is controllable from the roll of the ship. Considered publications:
U.S. Patent No. 3,054,373. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings 809 589/42 7.68 Ω Bundesdruckerei Berlin