DE1266999B - Device for taking samples from a stream of freely falling particles - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

int. Cl .:

GOIn

German class: 421-18

Number: 1 266 999

File number: B 58665IX b / 421

Filing date: July 20, 1960

Opening day: April 25, 1968

The invention relates to an apparatus for taking samples from a stream freely falling particles, a liquid or a mixture of liquid and solid particles the one motor-driven main sampler in the form of one with an inlet slot Funnel at a constant speed and at even intervals in the horizontal plane is moved back and forth by the freely falling stream of material and the main sampler a sample divider is arranged downstream.

It is known that in ore processing plants, a sample of the freely falling flow of material is taken can be removed by either manually or automatically cutting a bucket or ladle straight through the pulp stream is passed through. In automated systems, where at certain time intervals Sampling is to be done, it is also known to use a funnel as a sampler on a pendulum hanging at an even speed and at regular intervals across the direction of fall to move back and forth through the flow of material. The pendulum has a regular oscillation period and is heavy enough not to pass the falling flow of material to be influenced. During the short time that the funnel crosses the flow of crop, hanging on a pendulum, it has a steady speed that is suitable for Consistent sampling is a prerequisite. The one to be picked up by the funnel The amount of sample can be measured by means of the period of oscillation of the pendulum and through a funnel above narrowing, variable in width filling slot can be varied.

The part of the liquid flow passing through the filling slot is either via pipelines a container receiving the sample during its reciprocating movement or by opening a bottom plate of the sampler stopped above the container. -The number of reciprocating movements of the sampler, each time one Sample taken from the flow of material depends on the desired accuracy of the intended Investigation. The speed of the sampler depends on that of the material flow, while the width of the protector of the sampler separating the sample from the material flow is below among other things depends on the particle size.

In order to be able to determine changes in the composition of the goods immediately, are ongoing Samples from the extraordinary device for taking samples from an ore preparation Stream of freely falling particles

Applicant:

Boliden Aktiebolag, Skelleftehamn (Sweden)

Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. H. Wiemuth, patent attorney,

4000 Düsseldorf-Oberkassel, Dominikanerstr. 7th

Named as inventor:

Lennart days of Wellenius,

Nils Helmer Sandberg, Kristineberg (Sweden)

Claimed priority:
Sweden July 21, 1959 (6851)

borrowed large throughputs required. Because the slot width of the sampler of the particle size must be adapted, can with the known devices, especially in the ore processing prevailing conditions, only relatively large amounts separated from the crop flow too large for routine examinations in many cases. Consequently the separated sample quantities must be further subdivided, dried and sieved by hand. This process requires a lot of work, is time consuming and causes relatively large deviations in the sample quality, which must always be constant for adequate operational monitoring.

In order to reduce the sample quantities, it is known in a sampling device for coal, the coal brought in by a belt conveyor against a reciprocating baffle at the end of the belt conveyor so that the deflected by the baffle from the normal flight path Coal can fall into a separate hopper from which it is fed to a crusher. From there it reaches a sample divider, which consists of several double cones arranged vertically one below the other consists of each of which the upper one, through slits in its jacket, is part of that of the The crusher picks up the sample falling on the upper tip of the cone and the lower one leads through a central opening to the next cone tip. Such a sample divider is guaranteed for a sample with different particle

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size and exit velocity, the sample quantity is not always uniform, as the conical surfaces of the sample divider Divert different amounts of the supplied material around the outside and enter the slots permit. However, for the desired automated operational monitoring during ore processing a constant amount of sample is necessary.

Based on the device described above for taking samples from a stream Free falling particles, a liquid or a mixture of liquid and solid particles It is the object of the invention to design the sample divider in such a way that the amount of the sample divider delivered sample can be precisely determined in advance and at the same time the sample is qualitatively an accurate picture of the flow of goods. According to the invention, the sample divider is designed as a freely swinging pendulum, which can be swiveled out depending on the to-and-fro movement of the funnel is. With a sample divider of this type, a sample can be produced with exactly can be taken from a defined test quantity. With this simple and reliable device by changing the slit width and the speed of the pendulum movement, the amount of sample can be precisely determined so that proper operational monitoring is guaranteed.

Another essential feature of the device for taking samples described in the funnel of the main sampler back and forth across the direction of fall of the main material flow pivotable arm is attached. consists in the fact that a lever arm in the pivoting path of this arm of the Probeilteilers freely oscillating about a horizontal axis engages in such a way that the motorized driven arm can swing out the sample divider and in the end position to carry out the releases free pivoting movement. The sample divider thus experiences its oscillating movement as a function from that of the main sampler, in that the oscillation movement is triggered directly by the The main sampler is pivoted.

In a further embodiment, the sample divider can consist of a pendulum rod and one at the lower end

35

40 perspective illustration, partly in section, a view of a sampling device with a sample divider.

The sampler shown in the drawing consists of a sheet metal box I with a rear wall 2, a front wall 3, side walls 4 and 5, cover 6 and bottom 7. The cover 6 has a perpendicular extending tube 8 for the continuous supply of the material from which a sample is taken shall be. Furthermore, the sheet metal box 1 has at its bottom 7 an outflow opening 9 for the discharge of the Waste material in the sampling process. Inside the closed sheet metal box 1 is a Sampling ladle 10 attached to an arm 11. This becomes a pivoting movement in a horizontal plane given by a drive mechanism 12, which is attached to the cover 6 of the sheet metal box 1 is attached. This drive mechanism, not shown in detail, consists essentially of an asynchronous motor and a gear box. The sampling ladle 10, the upper part has the shape of a narrow slot 13, tapers downwards and ends in a tubular shape Part which is inserted into a flexible rubber hose 14, the lower part of which is attached to a rigid .. Pipe bend 15 is pulled up, which extends through an opening in the front wall 3 of the sheet metal box 1 and is held on the outside of the front wall 3 by means of a flange 16.

On the outside of the front wall 3 of the sheet metal box 1, a dividing pendulum 17 is suspended and stored in a bearing 18 which is pushed onto a pin 19 on the front wall 3 of the sheet metal box 1 is attached. On the upper part of the pendulum 17 extending above the pin 19 a lever 20 is provided, the upper part of which in the form of an extension 21 extends slightly over the Lower edge of the arm 11 extends. At the lower part of the pendulum 17 is a box-like container 22 attached to the side facing towards the front wall 3 of the sheet metal box 1 with one or a plurality of sampling channels 23 and 24 is provided, which are located under the outlet of the pipe bend 15 of the Hose 14 are arranged when the pendulum 17

the same attached box-shaped container to 45 assumes its lowest position. The top ends At least one sampling container is accommodated by the sampling channels 23 and 24 are narrow

and each withdrawal container has a pipe socket attached above it, its upwardly directed inlet slot is under the pendulum movement of the sample divider moved past an outlet from which the sample stream separated by the funnel falls freely downward exit.

It can be of particular benefit. Collect samples for long-term and rapid testing. For this purpose, the sample divider can have two pipe sockets with inlet slots of different widths.

Another advantage of the device can be that it can be used to precisely determine the amount of sample the number of oscillations of the sample divider pendulum can be changed. You can also use the removal container replaceable filters be used ', which already in the course of the sampler of the Main part of the liquid is separated and thus the sampling time can be largely changed can.

In'der drawing is an embodiment that the invention explained, shown. It shows, formed in slots 25 and 26, their longitudinal extent is directed at a right angle to the swing path of the pendulum 17. Each of the samplers 23 and 24 each open into a collecting container. preferably a mug or one Cylinder 27 or 28. These cups rest on the container bottom 29, which is clamped to the container or clips 30 is held so that a means of easy removal and reattachment of the container bottom 29 for the purpose of replacing the collecting container 27 and 28 is present.

The device works in the following way: The arm 11 of the main sampler is for example by a pulse from a timer or the like to a swinging movement in one or the other the other direction (according to the position shown in the drawing to the left), wherein the arm 11 during its movement at the

f> 5 extension 21 of the pendulum 17 is applied, which after his extreme position is moved. At the same time, the sampling ladle 10 works in one even ratio across the freely falling

Material flow therethrough which comes out of the inlet formed by the feed pipe 8, and a small amount of the current is diverted into the ladle 10. Before the derived part has reached the outlet on the pipe bend 15, the pendulum 17 is by the arm 11 in its extreme position has been moved, in which the extension 21 is released from the arm 11. The pendulum 17 swings now free and acts as a dividing sampler or divider of the main sample. Since the vibration is called can be viewed practically undamped, the slots 25 and 26 go at the end of the pipe bend 15 passing at a steady pace. Theoretically, it is therefore insignificant if the Pipe bend 15 exiting sample constriction in proportion and in the flow area changes, even if the proportions between solid and liquid components are different.

It was also found through experiments that the main sample and the split sample were the same Have properties. The division ratio of the pendulum is so large that the frequency of the main sampling increased and the slot of his ladle can be widened. The samples will then be more precise than what is more important Advantage of the invention is to be seen.

In general, the following equations are applicable:

Main sampler:

1 W) O Q ■ b ■ n ^C '~~ 3600 "r' ·

c / = the weight of the main sample in kilograms,

Q = the weight of the freely falling medium in t / hour.

h = the slot width of the sampling ladle in millimeters.

r = the speed of the ladle in mm'see,

η = number of ladle lifts per second.

An accurate sample requires a high value of η. ie generally η = 20. In order to obtain a small value of q , the slot width b should be small, but for practical reasons (because of clogging) it should not be less than 4 mm. Q normally corresponds to 5 to 801 hours (for example, as a derivative of washing systems), while r can amount to approximately 150 mm sec at a speed of the engine of 2900. From this it will be found that q is from 1 to 10 kg, which is 10 to 100 times too much. A sample weight of approximately 0.1 kg is desirable, so that the main sample _{must be divided up to between '10} and''"", of its original size.

Dividing pendulum:

= T

/ = the division ratio of the pendulum, ie ¹ the weight ratio between the main sample and the pendulum sample {/. '> 1. usually 50 to 100).

T = time interval between two division swings of the pendulum in seconds.

r "= the horizontal component of the speed the slot opening (25 or 26) of the pendulum when it is at the outlet of the elbow 15 passes, in millimeters,

/> o = the width of the slot opening (25 or 26) in Millimeter,

r "= 1000

cos α \ l cos (L - cos U ₀ mm / sec,

c] = acceleration according to gravity in m / sec ² ,

R _s - the turning radius of the slot opening (25 or 26) in meters,

R ₁ = the radius of the pendulum's center of gravity in meters, H ₀ = the largest deflection angle of the pendulum,

a = the deflection angle of the slot opening during the dividing process.

The foregoing equations with considerable accuracy can be applied to the following practical Equation can be approximated:

The product R ₁ . ■ κ ,, is, however, half the arc element of the oscillation path of the pendulum, and for practical reasons it is preferably not permissible to exceed 0.5 m. Furthermore, depending on the risk of clogging, the width b _{0 of} the slot should not be less than 4 mm. Deriving from this, the greatest division ratio of the pendulum is calculated:

0-5 ¹⁸⁰

.T

= 50

* 360.

For example, let R _s = 0.5 m, n ₀ = '5 and h ₀ = 4 mm. then a little wide pendulum is obtained, the half arch element of which is 0.13 m and /. = 94 results, ie a completely sufficient range of graduation.

With reference to the foregoing, it has been found suitable to choose the dimensions of the pendulum so that its length R _s = 0.3 to 1 m, the deflection angle U ₀ = 10 to 30 and the slot width /> o 5; 4 mm.

In the embodiment described above, the pendulum becomes its initial movement initiated by a conventional main sampler. Of course, the pendulum can too can be used to take samples in just one step, the initial movement being through mechanical, electrical or hydromechanical means is caused and from the entirety of the material flow a sample is taken by means of the pendulum slots. Instead of working with one horizontally and one vertically moving sampler, it is also possible to have two sampling pendulums to use, with the sample taken by means of the first pendulum continuously to a subsequent pendulum sampler, which in principle works in the same way is arranged as previously described.

Examples of other suitable uses of the device described are sampling

of fiber suspensions in the wood pulp industry or of liquid dispersions of raw materials in the Portland Zemenl industry. of dry crushed or finely pulverized materials, grains etc.

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Device for taking samples from a stream of freely falling particles, a Liquid or a mixture of liquid and solid particles »in which a motor-driven Main sampler in the form of a funnel provided with an inlet slot at a constant speed and at a constant rate Time intervals in a horizontal plane going back and forth through the freely falling Material flow is moved and the main sampler is followed by a sample divider, as a result of which g e k e η η ζ e i c h η e t that the sample divider is designed as a freely swinging pendulum, depending on the reciprocating Movement of the funnel (10) is suspended pivotable. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the funnel of the main sampler on a transverse an arm that can be swiveled back and forth to the direction of fall of the main flow of material is attached, characterized in that that in the pivoting path of this arm (11) a lever arm (21) of the around a horizontal Axis (19) freely oscillating sample liner engages in such a way that the motor-driven Swing out the arm (11) the sample divider leaves and releases in the end position to carry out the free swinging movement. 3. Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the sample divider from a pendulum rod (17) and a box-shaped container attached to the lower end of the same (22) for receiving at least one withdrawal container (27, 28) and each withdrawal container (27, 28) is assigned a pipe socket (23, 24) attached above the same is, whose upwardly directed inlet slit (25, 26) is during the pendulum movement of the sample divider moved under an outlet (15) from which the sample stream separated by the funnel (10) emerges freely falling down. 4. Device according to claims I to 3, characterized in that the sample divider has two pipe sockets (23, 24) with inlet slots (25, 26) of different widths. 5. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the number of oscillations of the sample divider pendulum can be changed. 6. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that exchangeable fitters are used in the withdrawal containers (27, 28). Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 534246, 934203, 049 127;
U.S. Patent Nos. 1186,646, 1641748, 253, 2,379,921, 2,495,944, 2,833,150. 1 sheet of drawings m Mt) * S6 4 6 * © Bttikfcsärttcfccret Berlin