DE1233079B - Schmiermittel - Google Patents

Schmiermittel

Info

Publication number
DE1233079B
DE1233079B DEE21289A DEE0021289A DE1233079B DE 1233079 B DE1233079 B DE 1233079B DE E21289 A DEE21289 A DE E21289A DE E0021289 A DEE0021289 A DE E0021289A DE 1233079 B DE1233079 B DE 1233079B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
acid
alkaline earth
fatty acids
molecular weight
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEE21289A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Arnold J Morway
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
Original Assignee
Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US40137A external-priority patent/US3098822A/en
Application filed by Exxon Research and Engineering Co filed Critical Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Publication of DE1233079B publication Critical patent/DE1233079B/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/41—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids
    • C07C51/418—Preparation of metal complexes containing carboxylic acid moieties
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    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND DEUTSCHES WTWWt PATENTAMT
AUSLEGESCHRIFT
Int. Cl.:
ClOm
C -(O M
C 1OM 169/00022
Deutsche KL: 23 c-1/01
Nummer:
Aktenzeichen:
Anmeldetag:
Auslegetag:
1 233 079
E 21289IV c/23 c
27. Juni 1961
26. Januar 1967
In neuerer Zeit befindet sich unter dem Namen Isooleinsäure ein sehr preiswertes technisches Fettsäuregemisch im Handel, welches vorwiegend aus Elaidinsäure besteht und geringere Mengen an Oleinsäure (9-Octadecensäure) und anderen Isomeren der Oleinsäure, z. B. 12-Octadecensäure, Linolensäure usw., enthält. Diese Säure unterscheidet sich von reiner Oleinsäure hauptsächlich dadurch, daß ihr Hauptbestandteil, nämlich Elaidinsäure, in der trans-Form und nicht in der üblicheren cis-Form der Oleinsäure vorliegt.
Technische Isooleinsäure, die einen überwiegenden Anteil an Elaidinsäure hat, läßt sich nicht als Verdicker für Schmierfette verwenden, weil diese Fette harte und gummiartige Massen ergeben. Auch bei Zugabe von weiterem Öl wird dieser Nachteil nicht beseitigt.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß Schmiermittel, bestehend aus einem Schmieröl und 2 bis 50 Gewichtsprozent eines Gemisches aus Erdalkalisalzen von C2-bis C4-Fettsäuren und höhermolekularen Fettsäuren, das 5 bis 20 Mol Erdalkalisalz der niedermolekularen Fettsäure je Mol Erdalkalisalz der höhermolekularen Fettsäure enthält, diesen Nachteil nicht besitzen, wenn erfindnngsgemäß als höhermolekulare Fettsäure teehnische Isooleinsäure (Isooleinsäure mit einem überwiegenden Anteil an Elaidinsäure) verwendet ist.
Technische Oleinsäure besteht im allgemeinen aus Gemischen eines überwiegenden Anteils an Elaidinsäure mit geringeren Mengen an Oleinsäure (9-Octadecensäure) und anderen verwandten Säuren, wie 12-Octadecensäure, Linolensäure, Linolsäure, Stearinsäure, Palmitinsäure.
Eine im Handel erhältliche technische Isooleinsäure besitzt folgende Kennwerte:
Jodzahl nach W i j s 94,0
freie Fettsäuren, % als Oleinsäure ... 91,6
Säurezahl 182,0
Verseifungszahl 189
Farbe nach Gardner 5
Als Erdalkajj'-werden Oxide, Carbonate oder Hydjpxide von Calcium, Sjron^ium^Magnesium oder Barnim verwendet. Calciumhydroxid wird bevorzugt.
Die C2- bis C4-Fettsäure kann Essigsäure, Propionsäure oder Buttersäure sein. Essigsäure in Form ihres Anhydrides wird bevorzugt.
Die Verdicker werden hergestellt, indem in einem Schmieröl 2,5 bis 10 Mol Essigsäureanhydrid je Mol technischer Isooleinsäure mit der Erdalkalibase neutralisiert und das Gemisch dann bei 160 bis 177° C dehydratisiert wird.
Schmiermittel
Anmelder,:
Esso Research and Engineering Company,
Elizabeth, N. J. (V. St. A.)
Vertreter:
Dr. K. Th. Hegel, Patentanwalt
Hamburg 36, Esplanade 36 a
Als Erfinder benannt:
Arnold J. Morway, Clark, N. J. (V. St. A.)
Beanspruchte Priorität:
V. St. v. Amerika vom 1. Juli 1960 (40137)
Das Schmieröl kann ein mineralisches oder synthetisches Öl oder ein Gemisch derartiger Öle sein.
Den Schmiermitteln können weitere an sich bekannte Zusätze, wie Oxydationsverzögerer, Rostinhibitoren, oder weitere Verdicker beigegeben werden.
Beispiele
Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel wurden zunächst Mineralschmieröle und Kalkhydrat in einem mit Dampfmantel versehenen Kessel gründlich miteinander vermischt. Dann wurde die Isooleinsäure zugesetzt und das Gemisch 10 Minuten gerührt, worauf langsam das Essigsäureanhydrid zugegeben wurde. Anschließend wird durch Beheizung die Temperatur erhöht und bei dieser Höhe gehalten, bis das Schmierfett vollständig entwässert ist. Dann wird abgekühlt und gegebenenfalls ein Oxydationsverzögerer eingearbeitet. Nach weiterer Abkühlung erfolgt eine abschließende Homogenisierung. Die Zusammensetzung und die Eigenschaften von zwei ernndungsgemäßen Schmiermitteln sind in der nachfolgenden Tabelle unter den Beispielen 1 und 2 aufgeführt.
Entsprechend wurden zwei Vergleichsbeispiele durchgeführt, die ebenfalls in die nachfolgende Tabelle aufgenommen wurden. Bei Vergleichsbeispiel 3 wurde gegenüber den erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfetten keine niedrige Fettsäure verwendet, während bei Vergleichsbeispiel 4 an Stelle von Isooleinsäure mit Oleinsäure gearbeitet wurde.
Aus den aufgeführten Versuchswerten ergeben sich die wesentlich besseren Eigenschaften der erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel.
609 759S67
Beispiel
2 ι 3
lsooleinsäure, Gewichtsprozent
Oleinsäure, Gewichtsprozent
Essigsäureanhydrid, Gewichtsprozent
S~ Phenyl-a-naphthylamin, Gewichtsprozent 11,0
5.6
15,0
Wasser, Gewichtsprozent
Kalkhydrat, Gewichtsprozent
Mineralschmieröl, 55 SUS bei 98,9 C ... 'Molverhältnis Essigsäure zu Isooleinsäure.
Gewichtsprozent
Molverhältnis Essigsäure zu Oleinsäure,
Gewichtsprozent
Eigenschaften
Aussehen
Tropfpunkt, C
Penetration bei 25'C, mm/10 Ruhpenetration Walkpenetration
nach 60 Stoßen
nach 10 000 Stoßen
Radlagertest, 1 Stunde in Schrägstellung; 1040C, kein Zusammensacken, kein Auslaufen
Schmierdauer, Std.*
1210C-IOOOO U/min
Wasserlöslichkeit
Versandbeständigkeit, bestimmt nach dem
Schütteltest
Timken-Hochdrucktest, kg
* AFBMA-NLGI-Spindeltest

Claims (1)

  1. Patentanspruch:
    Schmiermittel, bestehend aus einem Schmieröl und 2 bis 50 Gewichtsprozent eines Gemisches aus Erdalkalisalzen von C2- bis Q-Fettsäuren und höhermolekularen Fettsäuren, das 5 bis 20 Mol Erdalkalisalz der niedermolekularen Fettsäuren auf jedes Mol Erdalkalisalz der höhermolekularen Fettsäure enthält, dadurch ge kennzeich-
    Π,Ο
    1,0
    10,0
    67.0     20,0
    1,0
    16,2
    57,2     1,0
    2,2
    81,8     8,7
    14,0
    1,0
    12,0
    64,3         5,8:1 20:1 — — — — — 9:1 nicht bindig
    260
    305     Fette
    - 260
    330     sehr bindig
    und gummi
    artig
    > 260
    265     schwach bindig
    >260
    351         312
    295     330
    345     300
    wird flüssig     352
    370         genügt
    -2000     genügt
    > 2000     ungenügend versagt, sackt
    zusammen
    932         unlöslich unlöslich unlöslich ausgezeichnet
    ,- 20,4     sehr gut
    > 27,2     gut gut
    15,9
    net, daß ein Gemisch verwendet ist, das neben dem Erdalkalisalz der C2- bis C4-Fettsäure ein Erdalkalisalz der technischen Isooleinsäure enthält.
    45
    In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
    Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 1044 328;
    USA.-Patentschriften Nr. 2 607 735, 2 734 030,
    844 536. 2 892 777, 2 847 381.
    609 759/367 1.67 @ Bimdesdruckerei Berlin
DEE21289A 1953-10-21 1961-06-27 Schmiermittel Pending DE1233079B (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US775027XA 1953-10-21 1953-10-21
US40137A US3098822A (en) 1960-07-01 1960-07-01 Lubricants prepared from iso-oleic acid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1233079B true DE1233079B (de) 1967-01-26

Family

ID=26716764

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEST8835A Pending DE1044328B (de) 1953-10-21 1954-10-04 Schmiermittel und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DEE21289A Pending DE1233079B (de) 1953-10-21 1961-06-27 Schmiermittel

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEST8835A Pending DE1044328B (de) 1953-10-21 1954-10-04 Schmiermittel und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

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Country Link
BE (1) BE532545A (de)
DE (2) DE1044328B (de)
FR (1) FR1112207A (de)
GB (2) GB775027A (de)
NL (1) NL96851C (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1955951A1 (de) * 1969-11-06 1971-05-13 Cato Oil And Grease Company In Schmierfett

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL110177C (de) * 1958-03-05
US3077450A (en) * 1960-07-01 1963-02-12 Exxon Research Engineering Co Oil compositions containing soapsalt mixtures
US3098823A (en) * 1960-10-03 1963-07-23 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricants containing thickeners prepared from tall oil
CH631481A5 (de) * 1977-06-02 1982-08-13 Alusuisse Synthetisches lagerschmiermittel.
CN102549123B (zh) * 2009-08-05 2016-08-03 Skf私人有限公司 润滑脂组合物以及用于制备润滑脂组合物的方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2607735A (en) * 1949-03-12 1952-08-19 Standard Oil Dev Co Alkaline earth metal soap greases
US2734030A (en) * 1956-02-07 Mixed soap-complex grease compositions
US2844536A (en) * 1954-04-30 1958-07-22 Exxon Research Engineering Co High temperature complex grease manufacturing processes
US2847381A (en) * 1955-12-13 1958-08-12 Pure Oil Co Anhydrous calcium-base grease
US2892777A (en) * 1954-06-23 1959-06-30 Exxon Research Engineering Co Process for preparing improved synthetic ester based grease compositions

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2712527A (en) * 1952-08-26 1955-07-05 Exxon Research Engineering Co Improved lubricating greases containing dihydroxy stearic acid soap

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2734030A (en) * 1956-02-07 Mixed soap-complex grease compositions
US2607735A (en) * 1949-03-12 1952-08-19 Standard Oil Dev Co Alkaline earth metal soap greases
US2844536A (en) * 1954-04-30 1958-07-22 Exxon Research Engineering Co High temperature complex grease manufacturing processes
US2892777A (en) * 1954-06-23 1959-06-30 Exxon Research Engineering Co Process for preparing improved synthetic ester based grease compositions
US2847381A (en) * 1955-12-13 1958-08-12 Pure Oil Co Anhydrous calcium-base grease

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1955951A1 (de) * 1969-11-06 1971-05-13 Cato Oil And Grease Company In Schmierfett

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE532545A (de) 1954-10-30
GB995347A (en) 1965-06-16
DE1044328B (de) 1958-11-20
GB775027A (en) 1957-05-15
FR1112207A (fr) 1956-03-09
NL96851C (de) 1961-02-15
NL190550B (de) 1960-09-15

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