DE117755C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE117755C DE117755C DENDAT117755D DE117755DA DE117755C DE 117755 C DE117755 C DE 117755C DE NDAT117755 D DENDAT117755 D DE NDAT117755D DE 117755D A DE117755D A DE 117755DA DE 117755 C DE117755 C DE 117755C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- thorium
- oxide
- normal
- salts
- incandescent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 150000001218 Thorium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium Chemical compound [Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003452 thorium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OFJATJUUUCAKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cerium(IV) oxide Chemical compound [O-2]=[Ce+4]=[O-2] OFJATJUUUCAKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 as an anolyte Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010000060 Abdominal distension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxalate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MVVXFNGAKVVFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid;thorium Chemical compound [Th].OC(=O)C(O)=O.OC(=O)C(O)=O MVVXFNGAKVVFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003586 thorium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VGBPIHVLVSGJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium(4+);tetranitrate Chemical compound [Th+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VGBPIHVLVSGJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21H—INCANDESCENT MANTLES; OTHER INCANDESCENT BODIES HEATED BY COMBUSTION
- F21H1/00—Incandescent mantles; Selection of imbibition liquids therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
Wird eine nicht zu verdünnte Thoriumlösung mit Sauerstoff behandelt (z. B. als Anodenflüssigkeit am besten in statu nascendi, oder einzelner Salze durch Schütteln mit Luft) oder wird einfacher in einer solchen Lösung Thoriumsuperoxyd, wie es durch Fällen von Thoriumlösungen mit Wasserstoffsuperoxyd erhältlich ist, aufgelöst, so erhält man ein Thoriumsalz, welches mehr Sauerstoff enthält als das normale Thoriumsalz. Die Lösung läfst sich vorsichtig eindampfen, entwickelt jedoch beim stärkeren Erhitzen, sowie auf Zusatz starker Säuren Sauerstoff. Auf vorsichtigen Zusatz von Salpetersäure entsteht jedoch ein in allen Säuren und Wasser unlöslicher Niederschlag. Diesen Thoriumsalzen, selbstredend das Chlorid ausgenommen, liegt der Entstehung gemäfs ein Thoriumoxyd zu Grunde, welches seinem Sauerstoffgehalt entsprechend zwischen dem Thoriumoxyd Th O2 und dem Thoriumsuperoxyd Th., O7 steht (nicht zu verwechseln mit dem sogen. Metathpriumoxyd, erhalten durch Glühen des Oxalates, dessen Formel Th O2 lautet, und das somit mit dem normalen Oxyd identisch ist und nur, wenn es noch unzersetztes Oxalat enthält, sich von diesem unterscheidet, da Thoriumoxalat in Thoriumlösungen löslich' ist und deren Eigenschaften beeinflufst).If a thorium solution that is not too dilute is treated with oxygen (e.g. as an anolyte, preferably in statu nascendi, or individual salts by shaking with air) or if thorium peroxide is more easily obtained in such a solution, as can be obtained by precipitating thorium solutions with hydrogen peroxide, dissolved, a thorium salt is obtained which contains more oxygen than the normal thorium salt. The solution can be carefully evaporated, but it develops oxygen when heated and when strong acids are added. However, if nitric acid is carefully added, a precipitate is formed which is insoluble in all acids and water. These thorium salts, with the exception of the chloride of course, are based on the formation of a thorium oxide, which, according to its oxygen content, is between the thorium oxide Th O 2 and the thorium superoxide Th., O 7 (not to be confused with the so-called metathprium oxide, obtained by glowing Oxalates, whose formula is Th O 2 , and which is therefore identical to the normal oxide and only differs from it if it still contains undecomposed oxalate, since thorium oxalate is soluble in thorium solutions and influences their properties).
Diese wie oben erhältlichen, höher oxydirten Thoriumsalze, insbesondere das Nitrat, eignen sich nach Cer-Zusatz vorzüglich zur Herstellung von Glühkörpern, da beim Glühen derselben das Thoriumoxyd in einer eigenthümlichen molecularen Beschaffenheit zurückbleibt, dessen Leuchtkraft bei gleichem Gasverbrauch und unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen aufserordentlich höher ist, als die normalen Glühkörper.These more highly oxidized thorium salts, as obtainable above, especially nitrate, are suitable After adding cerium, it is excellent for the production of incandescent bodies, since they are glowing the thorium oxide remains in a peculiar molecular structure, its Exceptional luminosity with the same gas consumption and under otherwise identical conditions higher than the normal incandescent bodies.
Die photometrische Messung ergab bis 143 Hefnerlichte gegen nur 80 Hefnerlichte bei einem Glühkörper aus normalem Thoriumoxyd und Ceroxyd (System Auer).The photometric measurement showed up to 143 yeast lights against only 80 yeast lights with an incandescent body made of normal thorium oxide and cerium oxide (Auer system).
Die eigenthümliche Beschaffenheit des neuen Oxydes kennzeichnet sich auch dadurch, dafs die höchste Leuchtkraft bei einem Zusätze von 1,6 pCt. Ceroxyd erzielt wird, und dafs das ausgestrahlte Licht- schneeweifs ist, im Gegensatze zum normalen Glühkörper, welcher bei nur ι pCt. Ceroxyd gelbgrün leuchtet und bei 1,6-pCt. nur noch ein mattes, röthlich-gelbes Licht ausstrahlt. Auch unter dem Mikroskop zeigt der neue Glühkörper eine völlig abweichende Beschaffenheit. Während bei normalen Thon-Cer-Glühkörpern das Netzwerk des Strumpfes unter dem Mikroskop noch völlig unversehrt erscheint, und nur das Garn infolge der blähenden Eigenschaft des Thoriumnitrates lokal aufgerollt ist, erscheint bei Anwendung des höher oxydirten Nitrates der Faden in seine Elementarfasern aufgelöst, wodurch die leuchtende Oberfläche enorm vergröfsert wird.The peculiar nature of the new oxide is also characterized by the fact that the highest luminosity with an addition of 1.6 pCt. Cerium oxide is obtained, and that that The light emitted is snow white, in contrast to the normal incandescent body, which is at only ι pCt. Cerium oxide lights up yellow-green and at 1.6 pCt. only a dull, reddish-yellow one Emits light. Even under the microscope, the new incandescent body shows a completely different one Nature. Whereas with normal thon-cerium incandescent bodies the network of the stocking still appears completely intact under the microscope, and only the yarn is locally rolled up due to the bloating property of thorium nitrate, appears on application of the more highly oxidized nitrate, the thread is dissolved into its elementary fibers, whereby the luminous surface is enormously enlarged.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung der neuen Glühkörper unterscheidet sich sonach von dem bisher üblichen im Wesentlichen dadurch, dafsThe process for producing the new incandescent bodies is therefore different from that hitherto usual essentially by the fact that
( .»·'»·· ύ ' an Stelle der bisher angewendeten Thoriumsalze die nach obigem Verfahren hergestellten, höher oxydirten Thoriumverbindungen verwendet werden. Das Tränken, Trocknen, Abbrennen und Ausglühen der Netze geschieht nach dem allbekannten Verfahren. ( . »· '» ·· ύ' instead of the thorium salts used hitherto, the more highly oxidized thorium compounds prepared by the above process can be used. The soaking, drying, burning off and annealing of the nets is carried out according to the well-known process.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE117755C true DE117755C (en) |
Family
ID=387002
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DENDAT117755D Active DE117755C (en) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE117755C (en) |
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0
- DE DENDAT117755D patent/DE117755C/de active Active
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