DE10250798A1 - Infrared radiator for thermally treating goods, i.e. structural bodies, units and construction materials, uses selectively transformed infrared for drying, heating and sterilizing bodies, etc. - Google Patents

Abstract

The device uses selectively transformed infrared for drying, heating and sterilizing structural bodies, structural units and construction materials. The radiators to be used are characterized by e.g. high emission values in the infrared up to 95 per cent and a controlled, narrow emission bandwidth, differentiated applications, especially in the presence of living matter and easily perishable goods. The device uses selectively transformed infrared for drying, heating and sterilizing structural bodies, structural units and construction materials. The radiators to be used are characterized by high emission values in the infrared up to 95 per cent, a controlled, narrow emission bandwidth, differentiated applications, especially in the presence of living matter and easily perishable goods, high bandwidth of the STIR intensities between 1 and 100 kW/m2, large bandwidth of the possible emitter temperature of 100 to 1,500 degrees C. and achievable surface temperatures of the treatment material from 0- to 1,000 degrees C.

Description

Infrared heater for thermal Treatment of goods, namely building structures, Components and building materials

The invention relates to infrared radiators with selective transformed infrared (STIR) for thermal treatment of structures, Components and building materials, namely for drying, heating, sterilizing and sterilizing.

To DE 101 63 087 are infrared radiators in modular design, namely as rod radiators with reflectors or as flat radiators without reflectors.

Rod emitters have a ceramic carrier with inner core, the capillaries for holding at least one Has heating device. There is a ceramic layer on the ceramic carrier located as functional ceramics. Rod emitters are sensible equipped with a reflector.

Depending on the application and purpose are certain values for Emitter diameter, reflector opening, Target height, Emitter length, Relative emitter power to the emitter length and emitter power in relation to the area realized.

A flat radiator consists of one casing with side faces and a floor. The housing is viewed from the bottom in layers with a thermal Insulation, an energy system, a ceramic support and a functional ceramic filled. It therefore takes all the necessary assemblies safely and stably on. The infrared rays appear at the opposite end of the case Page out.

This was originally intended Spotlights in machines, devices and systems of food technology and thus for cooking, Baking, roasting, Drying and other thermal treatment of food to use.

Due to unexpected natural events in the form of heavy rain and flooding of certain rivers the need for renovation and maintenance capacity for buildings, Components and building materials soared. To your satisfaction this requirement was essentially only conventional drying processes by means of convection heaters, fans and dehumidifiers are available. Beside are to a small extent rare procedures and techniques with microwaves, infrared and radio waves known. The classic procedures and the procedures with radio waves have the disadvantage that the drying is usually extremely time-consuming is. The drying times range from 100 to 1000 days. The disadvantage of microwave technology lies in the risk of destroying the Structure, the damage of cables, pipelines and the like laid in the masonry in health risk for the operator. Infrared solutions that have become known are little effective.

That would be a drying process desirable, that does not have these disadvantages.

Therefore, procedural and quickly find practical solutions on the device side and accordingly implement effectively.

According to the invention, possible uses of the rod and flat radiators mentioned are DE 101 63 087 , which emit selectively transformed infrared (STIR), proposed for the thermal treatment of structures, components and building materials according to main claim 1. Appropriate configurations are specified in the subclaims.

Under thermal treatment Understanding drying, heating, sterilizing and sterilizing depending on requirements based on fresh, permanently moist or water ingress damaged buildings and the components and building materials used therein, if necessary also living beings and perishable goods.

The application substances fall under the category also freshly processed screeds, mortars, plasters and colors, such as also concrete.

Essentially, spotlights are used that follow the design principles DE 101 63 087 follow and the technological principles for drying in general DE 101 32 535 are sufficient, starting from biological drying material. With regard to the material principles, the emitters used are based on an emitter for infrared radiation of biological material according to German patent application 102 17 011.8.

• – Hohe Emissionswerte an Infrarot bis 95 %;
• – Gezielte und eingeengte Bandbreite der Emission auf die beabsichtigte Absorption der zu behandelnden Güter (OH-Gruppen, CH-Gruppen, Andere);
• – Differenzierte Anwendung, beispielsweise bei Lebensmitteln und Futter;
• – Große Bandbreite der STIR- Intensität von 1 bis 100 kW/m²;
• – Große Bandbreite der möglichen Emittertemperatur von 100 bis 1.500 °C;
• – Große Bandbreite der möglichen Oberflächentemperatur des Behandlungsmaterials von 0 bis 1.000 °C.

Use in the construction sector, as described above, has the following characteristic features compared to the usual practice:

• - High emission values of infrared up to 95%;
• - Targeted and narrowed range of emissions to the intended absorption of the goods to be treated (OH groups, CH groups, others);
• - Differentiated application, for example in food and feed;
• - Wide range of STIR intensity from 1 to 100 kW / m ² ;
• - Wide range of possible emitter temperatures from 100 to 1,500 ° C;
• - Wide range of possible surface temperatures of the treatment material from 0 to 1,000 ° C.

For drying, the heater is preferably in the Distance 20 to 400 mm vertically, horizontally or in a defined Angle on the damp surfaces of the Treatment material aligned, with a sufficiently large partial pressure drop must be set.

The term treatment material used in the following term, as already mentioned mentioned, in particular understood wet structures and the elements and substances located or to be used therein, for example entire buildings, rooms, walls, floors, beams, doors, stairs, as well as screed, mortar, plaster or concrete in hardened and fresh form, if necessary also Living creatures and perishable goods.

The drying time depends on the degree of moisture penetration, the type of treatment materials, their thickness, the intensity of the infrared and the partial pressure drop between the moisture on the surface of the treatment material and the humidity of the surrounding air.

The selectively transformed infrared generated with special ceramic emitters with an energy density of 1 to 10 kW / m ² penetrates into the outer layer of the treatment material. There it converts to heat in the temperature range from 30 to 120 ° C. In the area of penetration, fungi and bacteria are liquidated.

The heat generated is due to the thermal conductivity of the water and the treatment material further down.

• – Feuchtegrad des Behandlungsmaterials;
• – Art und Beschaffenheit, insbesondere Dicke, des Behandlungsmaterials;
• – Temperatur auf der Außenseite des Behandlungsmaterials;
• – Wassermenge auf der Außenseite des Behandlungsmaterials, zum Beispiel von außen anliegender Grundwasserspiegel.

The depth and speed of penetration depend on the following factors:

• - Degree of moisture of the treatment material;
• - Type and nature, in particular thickness, of the treatment material;
• - temperature on the outside of the treatment material;
• - Amount of water on the outside of the treatment material, e.g. groundwater level from the outside.

The increased temperature inside the Treatment material leads for accelerated evaporation of the water. The water vapor is over the existing capillaries, cracks or similar discharged in the direction of the radiator and absorbed by ambient air.

The greater the gradient of the partial pressure, the greater the absorption capacity. When STIR is combined with electroosmosis, for example with the AQUAMAT ^{® system} , or with dehumidifiers, cold and dry air or other suitable techniques, the effectiveness can be increased even further.

When drying the treatment material, in particular also from screed, mortar, Plaster, paint or concrete is an energy-saving, gentle and accelerated process with disinfection and sterilization effect feasible that works down to the deeper layers. So are essential shorter Construction times possible.

In addition, are already relocated Cables, lines, electrical and sanitary components are not at risk.

The heaters used are not for heating directly against a surface but in the interior of a room to be heated or in the direction the residence or Movement range of people, animals and / or objects directed, with vertical, horizontal or angled orientation.

The ceramic infrared Radiant heaters have a similar effect like a conventional tiled stove. STIR penetrates quickly and effectively into the surface of the subject or object and thus ensures a beneficial effect for humans or animals healthful Thermal sensation. If necessary, the heating Additionally with convection heat supports become.

The recommended STIR output is expediently 0.2 to 8 kW / m ² . The heater temperature is between 50 and 500 ° C. The installation distance to the subject or object should be at least 0.2 m and expandable to a maximum of 8 m.

The process is extremely economical given that justified in it is that the heaters without a long preheating time shortly after Switch on are active and that these are only the ones you want partial areas and not the entire air volume of the room heat. Across from conventional processes are therefore energy cost savings achievable.

When sterilizing rooms using special ceramic infrared emitters with selectively transformed infrared DE 101 63 087 fungi and bacteria that are present in the surrounding air are liquidated. For this purpose, the infrared heater is advantageously mounted under the ceiling with the beam direction upwards. Most of the fungi and bacteria in the air are brought into the vicinity of the infrared radiator due to the natural or suitable air circulation and are destroyed by increased heat.

The use is particularly recommended in rooms with high concentrations of humans, animals, food and other organic products. As a rule, here are the options the origin, spread and transmission of germs very high. STIR reduces the risk of infection and infection for human and animals for example in classrooms, waiting rooms, operating rooms, means of transportation of all kinds, stables and the like. and insulates the development and spread of rot and germs in storage rooms for fruit, Vegetables, Potatoes or feed.

After all, infrared radiators are after DE 101 63 087 for drying and thermal processing, including foaming, of all kinds of building materials, for example plaster products, tiles, wood and wood products, special building materials or special ceramics.

The invention will follow Hand of several embodiments explained in more detail.

In the accompanying drawings, the following is shown:

1 : Drying a flat, damp wall 2 using infrared radiators 5

2 : Drying in the area of a room corner using an infrared heater 5

3 : Drying a floor 1 and a ceiling 3 using infrared radiators 5

4 : Heating from a solid wall 2 out into the interior of the room using infrared radiators 5 ;

5 : Heating from any and changeable location with an infrared heater 5 ;

6 : Heating from a ceiling 3 off with a separate infrared heater 5 ;

7 : Heating from the ceiling 3 out with one into a light source 4 integrated infrared heater 5 ,

For a more detailed explanation, refer to the description text directed.

Claims (5)

Infrared heater for the thermal treatment of goods after patent application DE 101 63 087 with selective transformed infrared, characterized by the use for drying, heating, sterilizing and sterilizing structures, components and building materials, whereby the emitters to be used are characterized by high emission values of infrared up to 95%, by targeted and narrowed bandwidth of the emission, by differentiated application, especially in the presence of living beings and perishable goods, due to the wide range of STIR intensity between 1 and 100 kW / m ² , due to the wide range of possible emitter temperatures from 100 to 1,500 ° C and finally due to the achievable surface temperatures of the treatment material from 0 to 1,000 ° C are marked. Infrared radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that the buildings, Components or building materials either in permanently damp or through Water ingress damaged but cured Condition or freshly processed masses, such as Screeds, mortar, Plasters, concrete and paints are. Infrared radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that the same when used as a dryer are preferably aligned at a distance of 20 to 400 mm vertically, horizontally or at a defined angle to the damp object to be dried, for example a surface, with a sufficiently large Partialdruckgeiäl be set that the selectively transformed infrared has an energy density of 1 to 10 kW / m ² and that the temperature in the outer layer of the treatment material is between 30 and 120 ° C. Infrared radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that radiators with a STIR power of 0.2 to 8 kW / m ² are used for heating, the radiator temperature being in the range between 50 and 500 ° C and the installation distance to the subject to be heated or Object is at least 0.2 m to a maximum of 8 m. Infrared radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that for the purpose of disinfecting rooms, d. H. of liquidation of fungi, harmful Germs and bacteria, ceiling spotlights with beam direction upwards Find use.