DE10220581B4 - Method and device for treating textile webs - Google Patents

Abstract

method for wet treatment, in particular for dyeing textile webs, in which this endlessly through a treatment bath (1) out, taken and returned to this again be, wherein the web (15) in the treatment bath (1) compacted and through the bath (1) promotes then remove the web (15) while canceling the compaction and adhering bath liquor removed, then under renewed meandering compression on a conveyor belt (3) deposits as a dwelling stretch and subtracts from this to it again to circulate and wherein the web (15) in the bath (1) against a conveyor (16, 25) or she by Badströmung promotes.

Description

The The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating textile goods in general, in particular for pretreatment, washing, Bleaching, dyeing and equip of textile webs such as woven goods, circular knitwear in the hose or in sliced condition, Raschelwaren, Kettstuhlwaren, Flora of all kinds etc.

Known are various methods and devices for the treatment (equipment) of textile Webs. This includes discontinuous processes with work the so-called Badauszugsverfahren. This is the case treating good in a bath (water or organic solvents) entered, with the effective agents (bleaches, dyes etc.) from the bathroom in or on the estate and the bathroom so more or less complete exhausted becomes.

One Another discontinuous process is the so-called pad batch Method, wherein the agents over a squeezing on the estate are applied. The goods are in the Connected to a quill, with a time response (up to 24 hours) has to be waited before the estate further treated can be. The continuous pad steam process becomes the commodity after impregnation with the agents passed through a damper, where the above mentioned Reaction accelerated by thermal energy. In both procedures must the good after the chemical reaction to third devices be washed out. Both procedures require a very timely and costly pre-treatment and post-treatment of the goods.

There the pad batch and pad steam procedures, although they are relatively low Water consumption work, can be used only very limited (no hose goods), In practice, the so-called extraction process is of greatest importance today to.

One Another disadvantage of the above-mentioned conventional Systems is that they are for only relatively large Metragen makes sense technically and economically is.

Of the biggest disadvantage the device and method used by the extraction process that's good all the time immersed in a bath located in a trough and pulled out again it has to be an equality to achieve. For this purpose, the goods with transport mechanisms with high speed (up to 500 m / min.) on one side of the Bathroom ripped and on the opposite Page filed again. this leads to to a very high and unwanted mechanical stress of the goods in terms of longitudinal distortion and friction on the surface (Hairiness), what the quality of the final product adversely affected. Generally, the estate is not in spreading, but in string form guided through the devices, which easily causes creases or creases in sensitive goods leads. The water and energy requirement for the application of the agents and the subsequent washing, and the entire process time are very high.

in the Following is further prior art discussed.

The DE 34 37 758 A1 discloses a walk and / or washing machine for treating textile goods. In this, the product is passed through a pair of nip rollers to a top and a bottom band. During washing, the upper roller of the pair of nip rollers as well as the upper belt of the compression channel formed by the bands is lifted, the goods lie on the fast moving sub-belt and is thrown by this against a baffle.

At the Walken nip roll and upper band are lowered (see page 3 below). Both thus happens under high mechanical impact on the textile, which inevitably causes wrinkling, and a dyeing in such a machine excludes, a coloring is therefore not addressed here.

To the upsetting of the goods falls this in the washing trough and slips in this to the opposite Edge from where it is raised again by the nip rollers. This prior art is designed for the Walk and wash processing wool (see page 2 of the description).

Also the DE 696 00 359 T2 is turned to walking and essentially applicable only to wool. This is a strand, as well as in the DE 34 37 758 At high speed with the help of an air flow in a transport channel "shot" against a fulling plate. Such an approach can not be applied to dyeing textiles without sacrificing quality disadvantages.

Similar goes the DE 31 48 999 C2 before, here the goods (in circulation) is forced through a pressure member between the box and the wall of the mill, so also exposed to high mechanical stress, which is inventively just to be avoided.

By doing DE 84 31 048 U1 , where also a walk- / washing machine is described, the walking takes place in a compression tube, from where the goods in one Fleet is given to re-supply them to the compression tube in the circuit.

Also Here is a high mechanical load the means to to effect the walking.

One It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a device and to provide a process for general textile finishing which the need for energy, water, time and electricity in more significant Reduce way.

One Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and to provide a process for general textile finishing which the cost of preparation and the process itself very much are low, so that even small amounts are treated economically can one Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and to provide a process for general textile finishing which only a minimal mechanical stress of the textile material in length and the surface takes place, which is the treatment of extremely sensitive and elastic goods the most varied grammages allowed.

One Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and to provide a process for general textile finishing, in which textile goods various types of production such as woven goods, hosiery, Raschelwaren, Kettstuhlwaren, Florwaren, Non-Wovens etc. a complete Wet refining process (pretreatment, relaxation, dyeing, washing, Do the washing up, Softening and the like).

One Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and to provide a process for general textile finishing which the treatment duration and the passage speed of Textile good compared to conventional apparatus and processes are greatly reduced.

One Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and to provide a process for general textile finishing which allows a very rapid change of different goods to be treated, without the modifications to the device must be made.

One Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and to provide a method for general textile finishing, in which lots of different size (between 100 and 350 kg) without change the production costs can be treated.

The The above objects are achieved according to the invention in the reproduced by the claims Achieved way.

there becomes as usual the web passed in advance through the device and in the desired Sewn length. Thereby, that the web compacts both in the bath and on the conveyor belt is, arise first relatively small sizes of the system. The compression is done by the fact that the conveying speed the web through the bathroom and on the conveyor belt significantly lower is, than the feed and discharge rates. The resulting compression leads to an approximately meandering wrinkling, but without mechanical stress on the textile.

As well advantageous that can be done with significantly smaller bathrooms, so that the water requirement and the wastewater supply drastically reduced can be.

The inventive feature combination from repeated treatment in the bath, removing, e.g. squeezing or suction of bath liquid and to defined residual moisture and damp resting on the conveyor belt also allows the speed of web movement when removing from the bathroom opposite the above method to below 80 m / min. to lower, which naturally protects the material becomes.

As well the treatment times are significantly shorter, they are in the dyeing about 30 minutes opposite conventional required times of 1.5 to 2 hours. A wash is within about 20 minutes possible, According to the prior art, this should be scheduled for 3-5 hours.

With the shortenings with regard to fleet and treatment time is therefore also a clear lower energy consumption.

At the To dye or bleaching the mechanically removed and dripping bath liquid passes back into the receiving tub, during washing this is discharged.

The the fabric dipping in the bath is conveyed therein (e.g. by circulating flow). In order to be able to regulate the throughput in a simple manner, the invention proposes the compacted web to run against a sensor. Depending on this exerted Force is the withdrawal speed and the feeding speed of the smooth Rail regulated.

Around To avoid wrinkling at the web edges, the wet Train over per se known Kantenausstreifer performed before mechanical from entrained bath liquid is released.

The mechanical dewatering can e.g. done by suction. A squeezing is preferred with the help of rollers, the web in advance wet on a known centering device is adjusted.

The of bath fluid freed web then passes, possibly guided over pulleys, on a conveyor belt where the goods also, e.g. meander-folded, damp one For a long time, e.g. 3 minutes rest. If the train before by a dyeing liquor guided was, can here the dyes react with the fiber (wind up) and at the same time be leveled by migration before the textile returns to the bath is given. In the same way this applies to other wet treatments, such as. the bleaching.

To the removal of the web from the conveyor belt before the renewed Introduction into the dyeing liquor reliable the hue achieved can be measured to end the treatment Determine what is naturally easier with wet goods than with wetter.

As already mentioned above, For example, the movement of the compressed product in the bathroom can to happen with the help of flow. Hereby supported the relative movement between textile and bath the transport of dye, Bleach or detergent to the fibers. This can also be done by Float supported by accelerating and decelerating the goods in a standing bath, especially pilgerschrittartig is promoted.

As well can the migration of bath substances by applying the bath or the wet goods are supported on the conveyor belt with vibration, where frequency and amplitude are based on the particle size of the treatment substances to be agreed.

at the treatment of heavily shrinking textiles, such as e.g. Elastanes may be advantageous to the web before the first Dive into the bathroom with bath liquid vorzubenetzen so that there already dipped shredded goods. To are in front of the bath entrance to provide appropriate nozzles, over the Bath fed. These nozzles can also serve the web over to sweep an inclined plane and / or fillet at the bath entrance into this thereby forming the meander folds to facilitate.

in the Bad can be the promotion The compacted web also happen by doing this Float against the lower strand of a circulating second conveyor belt leaves, this may also have paddles or profilings.

Of the Space above the conveyor belt can be thermally conditioned, with gases such as e.g. Nitrogen or ozone can be applied to unwanted oxidation to avoid or to bring about this purposefully.

The inventive device thus consists of one with treatment liquid such as bleach, dyeing or Wash liquor fillable Bath, which means for the promotion the web has. In the direction of circulation behind the bath exit There are squeeze rollers that cover the textile largely from bath liquid to free. Close to it to pulleys, over the wet web can be placed on a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt runs slower around, as the feed rate the web is, so that it is stored in folds endless, so approximately meandering on the tape.

At the delivery end of the conveyor belt close further pulleys on, over which the track is traceable to the bathroom.

These Device can also be located in a pressure-tight housing, so that too treatments at overpressure (and elevated Temperature) feasible are.

In conveying direction behind the squeezing rollers are advantageously further Umlenkrallen, around the treated web after severing the seam with the help of a Abtafler e.g. to put on a pallet.

in the Bath is the conveying speed as well as on the conveyor belt less than the feed and take-off speed, so that the mentioned upsetting occurs here. To get a clog To prevent the bath, there is a sensor at the bather, against the compacted web runs and in dependence from the exercised thereby Force the withdrawal speed or throughput controls.

The Bad itself has a bottom which is formed over a large area as a heat exchanger, so that temperature differences are avoided.

The edge wipers upstream of the nip rolls consist, for example, of corrugated rolls which have inclined profiles in order to tension the web to the outside. The centering device consists for example of one or more edge position detecting sensors and laterally movable feed rollers in front of the nip rolls. Vibrators may be associated with the bath and / or the conveyor belt forming the rest distance in order to increase the particle mobility of the bath substances. A drain can be connected to the bath via which bath liquid with the aid of a pump is placed on spray nozzles, which act on the submerged bath section in the bath with bath liquid and, for example, shrink the goods or even swab the web in the bath to support the meandering.

there the railway will be advantageous over a perforated drum, so the web of the nozzles can be moistened.

At the Bath entrance is to an inclined plane and possibly to this then one Rounding provided. Furthermore, the bathroom has as a subsidy for the folded and compressed fabric web on a conveyor belt, whose Untertrum dip into the bathroom easily. Against this floats the goods on and is slowly promoted by the fleet. The ribbon may also have paddles for this purpose, in addition, the funding be formed periodically reversing to a pilgrim step by step Promote to enable.

Ultimately It is proposed to squeeze the gap between the rollers the bath liquid to provide adjustable to the rollers with different forces to be able to adjust these once to the textile thickness, on the other hand but also to different residual moisture of the textile before the To allow storage on the conveyor belt, this being textile-specific or change according to procedural progress.

Based The enclosed figures, the present invention will be explained in more detail.

there demonstrate

1 a device with a level bath,

2 such for small batches with U-shaped tub,

3 a version with inclined bath for tubular fabric,

4 an autoclave variant.

1 illustrates a treatment device consisting of a frame 11 , at the bottom of a conveyor belt 3 is arranged. Above this is the treatment bath 1 , between the two becomes the textile 15 circulated. These are at the machine entrance 12 guide rollers 4 and optionally tension rollers 13 and at least one input drum 14 provide, the latter can also be perforated.

About the aforementioned roles 4 . 13 and the input drum becomes the endlessly sewn web into the treatment bath 1 given where the textile 15 is compressed, ie dams meandering.

The jammed web 15 becomes relatively slow through the bath by suitable conveying means 1 moves, this serves a conveyor belt in the present example 16 against whose bottom strand the goods 15 floats and by friction or with the help of profiling this promotes. Alternatively, this can be achieved by a paddle arrangement or simply by flow.

The goods 15 runs at the bather against a feeler 5 , with the help of which the feed rate of the compacted web 15 in the bathroom 1 is regulated so that the bathroom is not blocked.

About further pulleys 4 , Edge scraper 6 and a centering device 7 that have a sensor 17 measured edge position of the web 15 if regulated, the textile arrives 15 to the nippers 2 (Foulard), where entrained bath fleet is squeezed off. In the case of use of the device, for example as a bleaching or dyeing machine, the effluent is discharged into the bath 1 run off. When used as a washing machine, this is discharged. About further pulleys 4 the textile arrives 15 on the conveyor belt 3 where there is a slanted baffle 18 is stored in folds, ie the transport speed is less than the speed of the smooth web. About the distance of the conveyor belt 3 can the textile 15 to rest in damp condition. As the distance or the pressure between the nip rolls 2 can be changeable, it is thus possible, the moisture content of the textile 15 at the roller exit as well as on the conveyor belt 3 adjust.

Near the input drum are spray nozzles 8th , These are over a line 20 with a pump 19 and possibly a filter 21 in connection. For example, the spray nozzles apply this via the perforated input drum 14 guided textile 15 with bath liquid to vorzukrumpfen this before the first contact with the fleet (elastane) or they serve to even out the formation of the meander folds in the bath 1 , being the textile 15 eg with the help of the inclined plane 9 and the rounding off 10 in the bathroom 1 flooding, ie bring under or next to the previous floating fold position.

After the treatment will be the train 15 separated and leaves the machine on Abtafler 22 ,

In a device according to 1 A three-stage dyeing process was carried out with the steps of bleaching, dyeing and washing. It was fol underlying dimensions. The length of the bath was 2 m, its content was 600 l, the conveyor belt had a length of 4 m. 300 m of terry towels with a width of 2.45 m were circulated into the machine. The machine was set the same in all three stages, the web speed measured at the nip rolls was 50 m / min, the residual moisture 70%.

The residence time in the bathroom was as well as on the conveyor belt in each case 3 minutes, it was summarized in each case 150 m goods in the bathroom and on the tape. The bleaching, dyeing and washing was carried out by conventional means (H ₂ O ₂ Remazol brand of Dystar, detergents) and temperatures, the goods for bleaching 5 to dye 8th and for washing 3 Made rounds. The dyeing result was very good, especially evenly. The total water requirement for all three stages, together with 16,66 l / kg of goods, was considerably lower than that of the state of the art, where about 110 l / kg of goods are to be expected. The bath change time was 6 minutes.

2 shows an embodiment for smaller amounts of substance.

Again, the web is first sewn together endlessly, and passed as above in the circuit through the device. The bath 1 Here is U-shaped design, the fabric condenses meandering when introduced into the fleet. The promotion by the bath happens here in a very simple way by gravity, the subsequent layer displaces the previously introduced.

In addition is the creation of a flow possible.

About pulleys 4 and possibly Kantenausstreifer and centering the wet web passes to the nip rolls 2 and of these on the residence of the conveyor belt 3 from where the textile turn into the bathroom 1 is dipped. At the machine exit can turn a Abtafler 22 be provided.

3 shows a variant with a sloping bath 1 , on the head side of the bath liquid is given, which runs down the bath with the compacted textile and the web 15 entrains them, as in the preceding figures about squeezing rollers 2 , the conveyor belt 3 supply.

In the present case, the use of tubular fabric is indicated, which in a conventional manner by means of tuyeres 23 is inflated before squeezing.

4 shows the fillet of the device in an autoclave housing 24 in which both the conveyor belt 3 , as well as the bathroom 1 are rounded. The promotion of compacted web 15 through the bathroom happens here by a plunging cylinder 25 , which of course also have paddles or the like and may be reversibly drivable.

The present form in which the conveyor belt 3 almost the bathroom 1 encompasses a particularly small design, so that the cost of the autoclave housing 24 correspondingly low. In such a machine can be dyed under increased pressure and elevated temperature, for example polyester fabric.

1

bath

2

nippers

3

conveyor belt

4

guide rollers

5

sensor

6

Kantenausstreifer

7

centering

8th

spray nozzles

9

Leaning level

10

rounding

11

frame

12

machine input

13

tensioners

14

input drum

15

textile web

16

conveyor belt

17

sensor

18

baffle

19

pump

20

management

21

filter

22

plaiting

23

nozzles

24

Autoklavgehäuse

25

cylinder

Claims (23)

Process for wet treatment, in particular for dyeing textile webs, in which these are endlessly passed through a treatment bath ( 1 ), removed and returned to this, wherein the web ( 15 ) in the treatment bath ( 1 ) and through the bath ( 1 ), then the train ( 15 ) removing the compaction and removes adhering bath liquor, then with renewed meandering compaction on a conveyor belt ( 3 ) as a dwell and deducted from this, in order to recycle it, and wherein the web ( 15 ) in the bathroom ( 1 ) against a subsidy ( 16 . 25 ) or it promotes by Badströmung. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the web ( 15 ) in the bathroom ( 1 ) against a feeler ( 5 ) and through this the throughput of the web ( 15 ) through the bathroom ( 1 ) regulates. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bath ( 1 ) leaving wet web ( 15 ) over edge wiper ( 6 ) leads. A method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the web ( 15 ) with the help of squeezing rollers ( 2 ) freed of entrained bath liquid and these the web ( 15 ) via a centering device ( 7 ) feeds. Process according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the web ( 15 ) in the bathroom ( 1 ) pilgrim progressively. Process according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bath ( 1 ) and / or the conveyor belt ( 3 ) subjected to vibration. Process according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the web ( 15 ) is mixed with bath liquid before the first bath contact. A method according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the web ( 15 ) over an inclined plane ( 9 ) (and / or a fillet) into the bath ( 1 ) and flooded with the aid of bath liquid. Process according to Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the meander-shaped web ( 15 ) against a conveyor belt ( 3 ). A method according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that on the conveyor belt ( 3 ) located web subjected to gases. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to 10, consisting of a liquid-fillable bath ( 1 ) and grants ( 16 . 25 ) for one revolution of the web ( 15 ) through the device and the bath ( 1 ) with the features a) behind the exit of the bath ( 1 ) there is a drainage device, in particular a pair of nip rolls ( 2 ) for squeezing bath liquid from the web ( 15 ); b) to the squeezing rollers ( 2 ) is a conveyor belt ( 3 ) as residence time distance ( 2 ), on which the web ( 15 ) can be deposited meandering, wherein c) to the conveyor belt ( 3 ) Pulleys ( 4 ) for a return of the web ( 15 ) in the bathroom ( 1 ) and d) the web in the bathroom ( 1 ) is compressible, and e) above the web ( 15 ) arranged in the bath ( 16 . 25 ) are present against which the web ( 15 ) or the bath ( 1 ) even promotes the web. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that at the bather end a compacting sensor ( 5 ), which determines the passage speed of the web ( 15 ) regulates. Device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that in front of the squeezing rollers ( 2 ) Edge wiper ( 6 ) are arranged. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 12, characterized in that the web ( 15 ) the squeezing rollers ( 2 ) via a centering device ( 7 ) can be fed. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 13, characterized in that the conveying of the web ( 15 ) in the bathroom ( 1 ) pilgrim step by step. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 14, characterized in that the bath ( 1 ) and / or the conveyor belt ( 3 ) Have vibration generator. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 15, characterized in that before the bath entrance for humidifying and / or flooding the web ( 15 ) Spray nozzles ( 8th ) are arranged for the application of bath liquid. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 15, characterized in that the bath entrance an inclined plane ( 9 ) and / or a rounding off ( 10 ) having. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 17, characterized in that the conveying means a conveyor belt ( 16 ) against which the compacted web ( 15 ) floats. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 18, characterized in that the conveying means ( 16 . 25 ) for the conveyance of the web ( 15 ) in the bathroom ( 1 ) Has paddles. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 20, characterized in that the gap between the squeezing rollers ( 2 ) is adjustable. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 21, characterized in that in front of the bath entrance a perforated input drum ( 14 ) is arranged. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 23, as characterized in that the bottom of the bath ( 1 ) is designed as a heat exchanger.