KR20040060924A - Equipment and process to finish fabrics in general - Google Patents

Abstract

The apparatus and method for processing textiles in general consists of a treatment tank tank 3 which may be filled with a treatment liquid such as bleach, dye or washing liquid that can conform to the fabric T. In the circulation direction, behind the outlet of the treatment tank 3, there is provided a pressing roll 6 or a suction device for conveying the fabric to be pressed or sucked from the processing liquid. At the rear, a guide may be provided which may arrange the wet fabric on the return belt 7A, and in the return belt 7A, the fabric is gradually circulated to accumulate on the belt 7A. At the end of the return belt outlet 7A, an additional guide 11 for returning the fabric T to the treatment tank 3 or forming the end of the treatment tank and leading the fabric to the plater unit 8. Is connected.

Description

Fabric processing apparatus and method {EQUIPMENT AND PROCESS TO FINISH FABRICS IN GENERAL}

Recently, there are various types of fabric processing methods and apparatus. Among them, there is a non-continuous method of processing by a method known as an extraction process. The fabric to be processed is immersed in a treatment tank (water or other organic solvent) in which the agent (bleach, colorant, etc.) is moved from the treatment tank to the fabric and then almost completely depleted.

Another non-continuous method is known as the Pad Bath process, in which an agent is applied to the fabric by pressing it. The product must be considered in contact with the agent, wrapped around the cylinder, and the reaction time (up to 24 hours) before the fabric can continue to be processed. In Pad Steam, the fabric calls the steamer after the processing agent has soaked, thus promoting the above-mentioned reaction by thermal energy. Both of these methods require the fabric to be washed in a different plant after a chemical reaction. These methods require fabric preparation and post-treatment, which are expensive and time consuming.

Although the pad bath method and the pad steam method work with relatively small amounts of water, their use is limited (not used for tubular fabrics), and in fact, so-called dyeing methods are of the utmost importance in recent years.

A further disadvantage of the conventional systems described above lies in the fact that they are economically and technically disadvantageous in the case of fabrics of relatively long lengths.

The biggest disadvantage of the method and apparatus using the dyeing process lies in the fact that the product must be continuously immersed in the tank holding the treatment bath and then discharged again until uniform. To achieve that, one end of the fabric is strongly pulled out of the treatment tank by a high speed conveyor mechanism (up to 500 m / min), after which the other end is immersed again. This results in undesired high fabric mechanical tension in relation to longitudinal elongation and friction on the surface, adversely affecting the quality of the final product. Usually, the fabric is not carried in the expanded form by the installation, but in the form of a rope, which makes wrinkles on the weaker fabric. The duration of such a process is very large, as well as the demand for water and power to supply the agent and then wash it.

Summary of the Invention

Accordingly, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a fabric processing method and apparatus which greatly reduces the demand for electricity, water, time and power.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fabric processing method and apparatus which can reduce the preparation and processing costs and can be economically executed even at small lengths.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a fabric processing method and apparatus which minimizes mechanical elongation in both the longitudinal and fabric surfaces to allow processing of extremely weak elastic fabrics of different masses.

It is another object of the present invention to fabricate different types of fabrics, such as flat fabrics, knits, raschels, ketenstools, crepes, nonwovens, etc., through a complete wet processing process (preparation, relaxation, dyeing, washing, rinsing, softening, etc.) It is to provide a fabric processing method and apparatus.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a fabric processing method and apparatus which has significantly reduced processing time and fabric processing speed compared to conventional processes and apparatus.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a fabric processing method and apparatus which allows for the rapid exchange of large quantities of different workpieces without the need for modification of the apparatus.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fabric manufacturing method and apparatus capable of processing a large amount of different dimensions (100 to 350 kg) without changing the manufacturing cost.

The fabric is conveyed in a conventional manner and sealed to the desired length via a device such as in existing methods and devices. Thus, the fabric accumulates inside the treatment tank and on the conveyor belt, resulting in a facility of relatively small dimensions. Thus, accumulation occurs in a manner in which the entry and transfer speed as well as the fabric transfer speed on the conveyor belt passing through the treatment tank are slow. The fabric accumulates on the conveyor belt but does not undergo mechanical elongation.

Another advantage is that it can be implemented in small treatment tanks, dramatically reducing the demand for water and the generation of each waste water by 30 to 75%.

Another advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that the fabric to be treated is compressed several times and / or sucked so that the substrate is attached onto a return belt with defined residual moisture.

This method provides a time of existence that allows speeds of up to 80 m / min, ensuring a process that is free of elongation and friction.

The treatment time is equally short, so the dyeing lasts about 30 minutes and a treatment time of 1.5 to 2 hours was used in the previous process.

By reducing both the treatment tank and the treatment time, power consumption can be reduced as a result.

Upon dyeing and / or bleaching, excess of the compressed or aspirated treatment liquor is returned to the treatment tank of the apparatus during the washing step, which excess is discarded from the apparatus.

The fabric immersed in the treatment liquid is conveyed by the treatment liquid itself (eg, through a circulating flow). Once the movement is set up as suggested in the present invention, the accumulated fabric will hit the sensor. In accordance with the force applied thereto, the feeding speed of the flat fabric is set.

In order to prevent the formation of wrinkle marks on the selvedge of the fabric, the wet fabric is conveyed on a means known as an unfolding yarn cylinder before it is mechanically released from the processing liquid following it.

For example, mechanical pressing may be performed by suction or pressing with the aid of a roll. Thereafter, the pre-wet fabric is adjusted on means known as a concentrator.

By the assistance of the guide, the pre-pressed fabric is conveyed on the return conveyor. The fabric accumulates on the return conveyor, allowing a holding time of, for example, three minutes. For example, when the dye is impregnated in advance, the dye reacts with the fibers (aggregates) and at the same time performs homogenization before undergoing new filling.

Immediately after the fibers are removed from the conveyor belt, before the new introduction into the dye treatment tank tank, the contrast of the color is measured in a reliable manner to establish the end of handling which is naturally easier to perform by the wet fabric rather than by the wet fabric.

As described above, the movement of the fabric accumulated in the treatment tank is generated by, for example, assisting the circulation flow. Thus, the relative movement between the fabric and the treatment tank tank facilitates the transport of dyeing, marking or fiber cleaning means. This also occurs through the back and forth movement of the conveyor belt in which the fabric in the stationary treatment liquid accelerates and stops and is conveyed in an interactive manner.

Likewise, movement of the treatment liquid material may be facilitated through the impact of the treatment liquid or through the damp fabric on the vibrating conveyor belt. The magnitude and frequency of the dimensions of the handling material are adjusted.

In the processing of fabrics that tend to shrink, for example, this may be desirable for elasticity. Before the first introduction into the treatment tank, the fabric is pre-soaked with the treatment liquid so that the pre-shrunk fabric is introduced into the treatment tank. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an appropriate sparging nozzle in front of the inlet of the treatment tank, which will be supplied with the liquid retained in the treatment tank itself. This nozzle may be used to carry fabric on the slide and / or curved area of the treatment tank tank inlet to facilitate fabric accumulation.

The conveyance of the fabric accumulated in the treatment tank may be effected by shaking on the second lower conveyor, which may exhibit a blade or a suitable shape to facilitate the conveyance of the fabric.

The space of the return belt may be selectively surrounded, thermally regulated and chemically controlled by the introduction of a gas such as nitrogen or ozone to prevent undesirable effects.

The conveyor belt may optionally provide a vibration generator to mechanically assist the treatment tank.

The apparatus according to the invention consists of a treatment tank tank which may be filled with a treatment liquid, such as bleach, dye, or washing liquid, which may be suitable for fabric conveying means.

In the circulation direction, behind the tank outlet, there is a press roll carrying the fabric to be pressed or sucked from the treatment liquid of the treatment tank. Thereafter, there is a guide that may place the damp fabric on the return belt. The guide circulates more slowly, allowing the fabric to accumulate and be placed on the belt.

An additional guide is connected at the end of the return belt outlet to return the fabric to the treatment tank.

The device is also provided in a hermetically compressed crankcase, so processing is carried out under high pressure and high temperature.

In the conveying direction, an additional guide is arranged behind the pressing roll so that the fabric processed after the seaming is unwound is placed on the pallet with the aid of a plaiter unit.

In the treatment tank, the conveying speed of the belt is as slow as the feeding and starting speed so that the accumulation takes place. In order to prevent the disturbance of the treatment tank, a sensor is arranged at its end, the accumulated fabric contacts the sensor, and the feed rate is controlled according to the force exerted by the sensor.

The treatment tank itself has a base having a structure having a large heat exchange region in order to prevent temperature change in the lower portion thereof.

A drain may be connected to the treatment tank, where the aid of the pump may supply the treatment liquid to the spray nozzle, which sprays the treatment liquid onto the fabric to be introduced into the treatment tank, precontracting the fabric and Carry in a nested manner inwards.

At the inlet of the treatment tank there is a slide and / or a curved area. In addition, the treatment tank has a conveyor belt for carrying the accumulated fabric, and its lower part can be easily introduced into the treatment tank. The fabric floats at its bottom and is slowly transported through the treatment bath. To do so, the belt may have a blade. The transport means may be designed to be inverted periodically to allow for interactive transport.

Finally, we propose a pressure change system on a squeeze roll regardless of the physical properties of the fabric to achieve a predefined squeeze valve (residual humidity) so that it can be placed on a return belt.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to methods and apparatuses for processing textiles, and more particularly to flat fabrics, tubes, raschels, kees that can be used in the market segment of apparel, household goods, automotive accessories and medical supplies A method and apparatus for making, washing, bleaching, dyeing and processing textile products such as Kettenstul, crepe and other types of fabrics.

1 is a schematic view of a fabric processing apparatus, in particular for a flat treatment tank,

FIG. 2 is another schematic view showing a variant of the fabric processing apparatus, which is a similar apparatus for small quantity fabrics having a U-shaped chute;

3 is another schematic view showing a modification of the fabric processing apparatus, which is a similar apparatus of the warp treatment tank for tubular fabric;

4 is another schematic view showing a modification of the fabric processing apparatus which is the apparatus arranged in the autoclave tank.

FIG. 1 shows a processing apparatus having a structure in which a conveyor belt 3A is disposed at a base. In the lower part, there is a processing tank 3, and the fabric T is circulated therebetween. At the inlet of the apparatus there is a feeding, concentrating and metastatic spreading unit 1 having at least one inlet cylinder 2, the inlet cylinder 2 may be perforated and on its side, at the fabric T to be processed. At least one atomizer 2A is arranged to effect the injection of the chemical product with the first rapid homogenous water. By this rapid injection, the fabric T may shrink before contacting the treatment tank itself.

On the feed concentrating and toilet spreading unit 1 and on the inlet cylinder 2, the sealed fabric T continues to be supplied to the processing tank, and the fabric T accumulates in the processing tank (ie Are stacked).

The accumulated fabric is gradually transported through the treatment tank 3 by appropriate conveying means, and at the inlet of the treatment tank is provided with a slide and / or a curved area 10 in which the conveyor belt 3A is disposed, The fabric floats between the lower part of the belt and the bottom of the treatment tank 3 and is conveyed through friction or by the aid of suitable features. As a variant, this may be achieved by a layout with one or more blades or simply through flow.

The fabric at the end of the treatment tank tank impinges on a signal 4 which synchronizes the movement of the fabric T and controls the supply of the fabric. The feed rate of the accumulating fabric in the treatment tank may be adjusted so that the treatment tank is not disturbed.

By the guide 11 and the yarn spreading cylinder 5 and by the concentrator 13 which controls the deviation detected by the sensor 12, the fabric T reaches the pressing roll 6, where the excess Treatment liquid is mechanically removed. In the pouring process (dyeing, bleaching, etc.), the compressed fabric is returned to the treatment tank. In the cleaning process, the compressed fabric is removed from the device.

By means of a further guide 11, the fabric reaches the return belt 7A, where the fabric is placed on the vertical inclined guide 9. That is, the conveying speed is slower than that of flat fabrics. The fabric can be kept humid at the extension of the return belt 7A. Thus, the gap and the pressure between the pressing rolls 6 can be corrected. If it is possible, the humidity of the fabric is adjusted at the exit of the roll and on the return belt 7A.

In the vicinity of the inlet cylinder 2, there is a series of atomizers 2A connected to a piping system 17 to which the pump 18 and the filter 19 are connected.

Three steps of the dyeing process, bleaching, dyeing and washing, were performed in the apparatus as shown in FIG. 1. Subsequent basic measurements are described below. The treatment tank was 2 m long, its capacity was 600 liters, the return belt was 4 m long, a 300 m long and 2.45 m wide towel fabric was circulated in the apparatus. The apparatus was adjusted equally in three stages, the fabric velocity measured on the press roll was 50 m / min and the residual humidity was 70%.

The time remaining in the treatment tank as well as the return belt was three minutes, 150m of the fabric was held in the treatment tank and 150m of the fabric was held in the return belt. Processes (preparation / dyeing / washing) were carried out by conventional temperature means and chemicals (hydrogen peroxide, reactive dyes, remazol, detergents, etc.) and 5 preparation cycles, 8 dyeing cycles, 3 wash cycles were applied. The total water consumption for three cycles was 16.66 liters per kilogram of fabric, which is substantially less than the state of the art, which could be nearly 110 liters per kilogram of fabric. The treatment tank change time was 6 minutes.

2 shows a variant of the device having a U-shaped chute for a small amount of textile material.

Here, the fabric T is sealed and guided to the next cycle by the device. Here, the treatment tank 3 is U-shaped, and the fabric T is accumulated when introduced into the treatment tank. Here, the conveyance through the treatment tank is carried out in a simple manner by gravity. The second layer replaces the one previously carried without the use of a signal.

The wet fabric (T) passes through the guide (11), the yarn spreading cylinder (5), and the concentrating cylinder (13) to the squeeze roll (6), from here to the extension of the return belt (7A), the return belt Fabric is again deposited in the treatment tank 3. The plater unit 8 can be arranged at the device outlet.

3 shows a modification of the apparatus having the vertical inclined tank 3. The treatment liquid circulates in the chute of the treatment tank tank 3 having the fabric T accumulated downward, and the fabric which absorbs the treatment liquid by itself is returned through the return belt 7A, as shown in the figure. The press roll 6 continues.

Prior to pressing, the use of a tubular fabric which is blown in a known manner by the aid of the blow nozzle 14 is shown in this variant.

4 shows the bend of the device in an autoclave tank 15. The return belt 7A and the treatment tank 3 are all circular here. Here, the conveyance of the accumulated fabric T through the treatment tank 3 is carried out by an immersion cylinder 16, which is equipped with one or more blades or similar devices, and is operated Can be returned by.

This variant, in which the return belt 7A is almost contained by the treatment tank 3, has a particularly small structure, thereby reducing the cost of the autoclave tank 15. FIG. In such a device, the polyester fabric can be dyed, for example, under pressure and high temperature.

A PLC-orientation sensor is installed behind the crimping roll 6. This sensor is capable of returning the fabric T to the process for one or more cycles and then placing it on the return belt 7A in the unit 7 foreseen in the structure E, or the rearmost device E It is defined whether or not to reach the plating unit 8 for recovering the treated fabric T from.

The overall monitoring and general synchronization of the device E is carried out by a capacitive sensor that guides the PLC (programmable logic controller), which instructs the entire movement of the device E during its operating cycle.

This apparatus E is intended for the processing of all kinds or patterns of fabrics T arranged in automobiles and for the pallets and / or batch rolls to be introduced into the supply, concentrating and metastatic spreading unit 1 representing the supply inlet of the apparatus. Shall be.

Although described and illustrated as a preferred structural concept, it is important to emphasize that changes in the scheme are possible and can be implemented without changing the scope of the invention.

Claims (29)

In the method of processing a cloth, The fabric T is transported to accumulate in the treatment tank 3, and is transported in the treatment tank 3 itself, after which the fabric T is removed from the treatment tank and is applied to the compression roll 6 Treatment liquid is extracted, after which the fabric is conveyed through a return belt 7A to a new processing cycle or simply terminates such processing and is removed from the device by the plater unit 8. Fabric processing method. The method of claim 1, The amount of the fabric T passing through the treatment tank 3 is controlled by a signal 4 which performs synchronization and movement of the fabric in the treatment tank 3. Fabric processing method. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The fabric (T) passes through the supply unit (1), passes through the yarn spreading cylinder (5) at the inlet of the apparatus, and passes through the yarn spreading cylinder (5) at the rear of the outlet of the treatment tank (3). By Fabric processing method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, When the fabric T advances through the toilet spread cylinder 5 and the concentrator 13, the excess treatment liquid of the treatment tank tank contained in the fabric T is discarded by the pressing roll 6, characterized in that Fabric processing method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The fabric T is characterized in that the treatment liquid is supplied through the sprayer 2A before the first contact with the treatment tank itself. Fabric processing method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The fabric (T) is characterized in that it is introduced into the treatment tank (3) through the slide and / or curved area (10). Fabric processing method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The fabric T is transported to accumulate in the treatment tank 3 and floats under the conveyor belt 3A. Fabric processing method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Optionally, the fabric T accumulated in the treatment tank 3 is conveyed by circulation and / or represents a back and forth movement between the fabric and the treatment tank, where the back and forth movement is accelerated by the fabric in the stationary treatment tank. Characterized by being accelerated by the belt itself 3A being stopped and interacted with Fabric processing method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, Optionally, vibration is provided to the treatment tank 3 and / or the conveyor belt 3A. Fabric processing method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, Optionally, the fabric accumulated on the return belt 7A is surrounded, thermally controlled and chemically controlled by the introduction of gas into the return belt 7A region. Fabric processing method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, Optionally, the fabric T can be removed from the treatment tank 3 so that the treatment liquid can be extracted by the suction device. Fabric processing method. In the apparatus for processing the fabric, A structure (E) having a treatment tank (3), a conveyor belt (3A) having at least one signaling device (4) is provided inside the treatment tank (3), and the belt (3A) is provided. At the rear of the), a unit 7 and an apparatus, consisting of a return belt 7A, are provided with a PLC orientation sensor and a squeeze roll 6 which define the return of one or more processing cycles to the end of the process or to the fabric T. It characterized in that it comprises a plater unit (8) installed in the rear portion of the Textile processing equipment. The method of claim 12, In the structure (E), an inlet expansion cylinder (5) is provided at the apparatus inlet of the supply unit (1) and the rear of the treatment tank tank outlet (3), and passes through the inlet expansion cylinder (5). doing Textile processing equipment. The method according to claim 12 or 13, A supply unit 1 consisting of an elongate, concentrated and metastatic spread cylinder is provided, characterized in that at least one cylinder 2 which can be continuously perforated and at least one nebulizer unit 2A next to it is provided. Textile processing equipment. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, General monitoring and synchronization provided by a capacitive PLC orientation sensor is provided, said PLC orientation sensor commanding the entire device movement during an operating cycle. Textile processing equipment. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, A slide and / or curved area 10 is provided at the inlet of the treatment tank 3. Textile processing equipment. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, Optionally, the treatment tank 3 and / or the conveyor belt 3A provide a vibration generator. Textile processing equipment. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, Optionally, the fabric T conveying means or conveyor belt 3A provides one or more blades or suitable fabric conveying features. Textile processing equipment. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, Heat exchanger is installed on the lower side of the treatment tank (3) Textile processing equipment. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 19, Optionally, by providing a pressure change system on the press roll 6, it is possible to obtain a predefined press value (residual humidity) regardless of the physical properties of the fabric. Textile processing equipment. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 20, Optionally, the conveying of the fabric T accumulated in the treatment tank tank 3 is carried out by shaking on a second lower conveyor belt, which may provide one or more blades or suitable shapes to facilitate the conveying of the fabric. Characterized in that Textile processing equipment. In the apparatus for processing the fabric, In a structural variant, it comprises a structure (E) with a treatment tank (3) and a squeeze roll (6) or a PLC-orientation sensor that defines the end of the process or the return to one or more fabric (T) processing cycles; Characterized in that the return belt 7A is installed and the plater unit 8 is installed at the last end of the device. Textile processing equipment. The method of claim 22, Characterized in that it comprises a supply unit (1) at the inlet of the device, a metabolic spread cylinder (5), a press roll (6) and a guide (11) behind the treatment tank (3). Textile processing equipment. In the apparatus for processing the fabric, In a further change in structure, it comprises a structure (E) which provides a vertical warping tank (3) with a belt (3A), behind which a crimp roll (6) and a PLC orientation sensor are arranged, said PLC The orientation sensor is characterized in that the return of one or more processing cycles to the end of the processing or the fabric T is provided, a return belt 7A is provided, and a plater unit 8 is installed at the last end of the device. doing Textile processing equipment. The method of claim 24, Characterized in that it comprises a supply unit (1) at the inlet of the apparatus and a compression roll (6) at the rear of the treatment tank (3). Textile processing equipment. The method of claim 24 or 25, A blowing nozzle 14 for blowing tubular fabric in front of the pressing roll 6 is provided. Textile processing equipment. In the apparatus for processing the fabric, In another variant of construction, it comprises a treatment tank (3) comprising an immersion cylinder (16) and a structure (E) in the form of an autoclave tank (15) providing a return belt (7A) of a curved shape, said At the rear of the immersion cylinder, a PLC orientation sensor and a squeeze roll 6 are provided which define the end of the process or the processing cycle of one or more fabrics T, and a return belt 7A is installed and the plater at the last end of the device. The unit 8 is characterized in that the installation Textile processing equipment. The method of claim 27, In the structure (E), an inlet of the apparatus of the supply unit (1) and a rearward spreading cylinder (5) are provided at the rear of the treatment tank (3) to pass through the frontal spreading cylinder (5). Characterized Textile processing equipment. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 28, wherein Optionally, the structure E is provided with a suction device at the rear of the belt 3A. Textile processing equipment.