WO2003023110A1

WO2003023110A1 - Method and device for treating textile material webs

Info

Publication number: WO2003023110A1
Application number: PCT/IB2002/003756
Authority: WO
Inventors: Waldir Albrecht
Original assignee: Albrecht Equipamentos Industriais Ltda.
Priority date: 2001-09-13
Filing date: 2002-09-10
Publication date: 2003-03-20

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for wet-treating textile material webs (15) during which these webs are endlessly guided through a treatment bath (1), removed and returned thereto once again. According to the invention, the textile web (15) is subjected to a meander-like compaction inside the treatment bath (1) and is advanced through the bath (1). The web (15) is then removed while ceasing the meander-like compaction and adhering bath liquor is squeezed off. The web is then placed onto a conveyor belt (3), which serves as a holding section, while subjecting the web to a meander-like compaction once again, and is pulled off from the conveyor belt in order to guide it in the loop once more.

Description

Method and device for treating textiles

webs

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating textile goods in general, in particular for pretreating, washing, bleaching, dyeing and finishing textile webs such as woven goods, circular knitted goods in a tube or in a cut state, rustled goods, warp-chair goods, pile goods of all kinds, etc. ,

Various methods and devices for treating (finishing) textile webs are known. This includes discontinuous processes that work with the so-called bathroom pull-out process. The goods to be treated are placed in a bath (water or organic solvents), whereby the effective agents (bleaching agents, dyes, etc.) are drawn from the bath into or onto the goods and the bath is thus more or less completely exhausted.

Another discontinuous process is the so-called pad batch process, in which the agents are applied to the goods via a squeeze mechanism. The goods are then wound up on a lump, in which case a time reaction (up to 24 hours) must be waited for before the goods can be further processed. In the continuous pad steam process, the material is passed through a damper after impregnation with the agents, the reaction mentioned above being accelerated by thermal energy. In both processes, the goods have to be washed out on third devices after the chemical reaction. Both methods require a very time-consuming and costly pre-treatment and post-treatment of the goods. Since the pad batch and pad steam processes, although they work with relatively low water consumption, can only be used to a very limited extent (no tubular goods), the so-called pull-out process is of the greatest importance in practice today.

Another disadvantage of the conventional systems mentioned above is that it is technically and economically sensible for only relatively large crops.

The main disadvantage of the devices and methods used after the pull-out process is that they have to be constantly immersed in a bath located in a trough and pulled out again in order to achieve a levelness. For this purpose, the goods are torn out of the bath on one side at high speed (up to 500 m / min.) And put down again on the opposite side. This leads to a very high and undesirable mechanical stress on the goods with regard to longitudinal distortion and friction on the surface (hairiness), which negatively affects the quality of the end product. In general, the goods are not passed through the devices in a spread, but rather in a strand form, which easily leads to wrinkles or creases in the case of sensitive goods. The water and energy required for the application of the agents and the subsequent washing out, as well as the entire process time are very high.

One of the aims of the invention presented here is therefore to provide an apparatus and a method for general textile finishing which significantly reduce the need for energy, water, time and electricity.

Another aim of the invention presented here is to provide a device and a method for general textile finishing, in which the costs of the preparation and the process itself are very low, so that even small crops can be treated economically. Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and a method for general textile finishing, in which there is only a minimal mechanical stress on the textile material in length and surface, which is the treatment of extremely sensitive and elastic goods of various grammages allowed.

Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and a method for general textile finishing, in which textile goods of the most varied types of manufacture, such as woven goods, knitwear, rustle goods, warp-chair goods, pile goods, non-wovens etc., a complete wet finishing process (pretreatment , Relaxing, dyeing, washing, rinsing, softening and the like) can be subjected.

Another aim of the invention presented here is to run an apparatus and a method for general textile finishing, in which the treatment time and the throughput speed of the textile material are greatly reduced compared to conventional apparatus and methods.

Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and a method for general textile finishing, which allows a very quick change of different goods to be treated without having to make any modifications to the device.

Another object of the invention presented here is to provide a device and a method for general textile finishing, in which lots of different sizes (between 100 to 350 kg) can be treated without changing the production costs. The above objects are achieved according to the invention in the manner represented by the claims.

As usual, the web is passed through the device in advance and sewn in the desired length. The fact that the web is compacted both in the bath and on the conveyor belt initially results in relatively small installation sizes. The compression takes place in that the conveying speed of the material web through the bath and on the conveyor belt is significantly lower than the feeding and discharging speeds. The resulting compression leads to an approximately meandering formation of folds, but without mechanical stress on the textile.

It is also advantageous that considerably smaller baths can be used, so that the water requirement and the amount of wastewater can be drastically reduced (number).

The combination of features according to the invention from repeated treatment in the bathroom, remove, for. B. squeezing or sucking off bath liquid and to defined residual moisture and damp resting on the conveyor belt also allows to reduce the speed of the web movement when removing from the bath compared to the above methods to below 80 m / min., Which protects the material naturally becomes.

Likewise, the treatment times are significantly shorter, for dyeing it is about 30 minutes compared to the conventionally required times of 1.5 to 2 hours. Washing is possible within about 20 minutes, according to the prior art this is 3-5 hours to be set.

The reductions in fleet and treatment time are therefore associated with significantly lower energy consumption. When dyeing or bleaching, the mechanically removed and draining bath liquid gets back into the receiving tub, while washing it is discharged.

The web of material immersed in the bath is conveyed in it (e.g. by circulating current). In order to be able to regulate the throughput in a simple manner, the invention proposes to run the compacted web against a sensor. The take-off speed and the feed speed of the smooth web are regulated depending on the force exerted thereby.

In order to avoid wrinkling on the web edges, the wet web is guided over edge wipers known per se, before it is mechanically freed of bath liquid carried along.

The mechanical dewatering can e.g. B. done by suction. Preference is given to squeezing with the aid of rollers, the web being adjusted in advance using a centering device known per se.

The material web freed from bath liquid is then optionally guided over deflection rollers onto a conveyor belt, where the goods are also z. B. folded meandering moist for a while z. B. rests for 3 minutes. If the web has previously been passed through a dyeing liquor, the dyes can react with the fiber (draw up) and at the same time be leveled by migration before the textile is put into the bath again. In the same way, this applies to other wet treatments with e.g. B. bleaching. After removing the web from the conveyor belt, the color shade reached can be reliably measured before reintroducing it into the dyeing liquor in order to determine the end of treatment, which is of course easier with moist goods than with wet ones.

As already mentioned above, the movement of the compressed goods in the bathroom, for. B. happen with the help of flow. The relative movement between textile and bath supports the transport of colorant, bleach or detergent to the fibers. This can also be supported by back and forth movement, in that the goods are accelerated and braked in a standing bath, in particular conveyed in a pilgrim step manner.

The migration of the bath substances can also be supported by applying vibrations to the bath or the moist goods on the conveyor belt, the frequency and amplitude having to be matched to the particle size of the treatment substances.

In the treatment of textiles that tend to shrink, e.g. B. Elastanen, it can be advantageous to pre-wet the web with bath liquid before immersing it in the bathroom for the first time, so that shrinked goods are immersed there. Appropriate nozzles are to be provided in front of the bath entrance, which are fed via the bath. These nozzles can also be used to wash the material web over an inclined plane and / or fillet at the bathing entrance in order to facilitate the formation of the meandering folds.

In the bathroom, the compacted material web can also be conveyed by floating it against the lower run of a rotating second conveyor belt, which can also have paddles or profiles. The space above the conveyor belt can be thermally conditioned with gases such as B. nitrogen or ozone are applied to avoid unwanted oxidations, or to bring about this specifically.

The device according to the invention thus consists of a bath which can be filled with treatment liquid such as bleaching, dyeing or washing liquor and which has means for conveying the web. In the direction of circulation behind the bath exit there are squeeze rollers which largely remove bath liquid from the textile. This is followed by deflection rollers via which the wet web can be deposited on a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt runs at a slower rate than the feed speed of the material web, so that it is placed on the belt endlessly in folds, that is to say in a meandering manner.

At the output end of the conveyor belt there are further deflection rollers via which the web can be returned to the bath.

This device can also be located in a pressure-tight housing, so that treatments at overpressure (and elevated temperature) can also be carried out.

In the conveying direction, behind the squeeze rollers, there are advantageously further deflection rollers in order to use a stapler to remove the treated web after the seam has been separated. B. put on a pallet. In the bathroom, the conveying speed, like on the conveyor belt, is less than the feeding and withdrawing speed, so that the above-mentioned upsetting occurs here. In order to prevent the bath from becoming blocked, there is a sensor at the end of the bath against which the compacted material web runs and which controls the take-off speed or the throughput depending on the force exerted thereby.

The bathroom itself has a floor which is designed as a heat exchanger over a large area, so that temperature differences are avoided.

The upstream of the squeeze rollers are z. B. from corrugated rollers that have sloping profiles to tension the web to the outside. The centering device consists, for. B. from one or more sensors detecting the edge position and laterally movable feed rollers in front of the nip rollers. Vibrators can be assigned to the bath and / or the conveyor belt forming the rest section in order to increase the particle mobility of the bath substances. A discharge line can be connected to the bath, via which bath liquid is applied to spray nozzles with the aid of a pump, which act upon the bath part immersed in the bath with bath liquid and, for. B. shrink the goods or wash the web in the bathroom to support the meandering.

The web is advantageously guided over a perforated drum so that the web can be moistened by the nozzles.

For this purpose, an inclined plane is provided at the bathing entrance and, if necessary, a rounding is provided after this. Furthermore, the bath has a conveyor belt as a means of conveyance for the folded and compressed textile web, the lower run of which can easily dip into the bath. Against this, the goods float and is slowly through promoted the fleet. For this purpose, the belt can also have paddles, and the conveying means can also be designed to be periodically reversing in order to enable pilgrim-step conveying.

Ultimately, it is proposed to provide an adjustable gap between the rollers for squeezing the bath liquid, to apply different forces to the rollers in order to be able to adjust them to the textile thickness, but also to different residual moisture levels of the textile before being deposited on the conveyor belt to enable, which may be textile-specific or may change as the process progresses.

The present invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures.

Show

Figure 1 shows a device with a flat bath

Figure 2 such for small batches with a U-shaped tub

Figure 3 shows an embodiment with an inclined bath for tubular goods

Figure 4 shows a car clear variant

Figure 1 illustrates a treatment device consisting of a frame 11 on the bottom of which a conveyor belt 3 is arranged. The treatment bath 1 is located above this, the textile 15 is circulated between the two. For this purpose, deflection rollers 4 and optionally tensioning rollers 13 and at least one input drum 14 are provided at the machine input 12, the latter also being perforated.

Via the aforementioned rollers 4, 13 and the input drum, the endlessly sewn-together fabric web is placed in the treatment bath, where the textile 15 is compacted, ie jammed in a meandering fashion. The jammed web of material is moved relatively slowly through the bath by suitable conveying means. In the present example, a conveyor belt 16 is used for this purpose, against whose lower run the goods float and convey them by friction or with the help of profiles. Alternatively, this can be achieved by a paddle arrangement or simply by flow.

At the end of the bath, the goods run against a sensor 5, with the aid of which the feed speed of the compacted web in the bath 1 is regulated in such a way that the bath does not become blocked.

Via further deflection rollers 4, edge strippers 6 and a centering device 7, which regulates the edge position of the web measured by a sensor 17 in the event of a deviation, the textile 15 arrives at the squeeze rollers 2 (foulard), where entrained bath liquor is squeezed off. In the case of using the device z. B. as a bleaching or dyeing machine, the draining liquid is drained into bath 1. When used as a washing machine, this is removed. The textile arrives at the conveyor belt 3 via further deflection rollers 4, where it is placed in folds via an inclined guide plate 18, ie the transport speed is lower than the speed of the smooth web. The textile can rest in a damp state over the distance of the conveyor belt. Since the distance or the pressure between the squeeze rollers 2 can be changed, it is thus possible to adjust the degree of moisture of the textile at the roller exit and on the conveyor belt. Spray nozzles 8 are located near the input drum. These are connected via a line drawing 20 to a pump 19 and possibly a filter 21. The spray nozzles apply z. B. over the perforated input drum 14 textile with bath liquid to shrink it before the first contact with the liquor (elastane) or they serve to even out the formation of the meandering folds in the bathroom, whereby the textile z. B. with the help of the inclined plane 9 and the fillet 10 wash into the bath, ie bring under or next to the previous floating fold position.

After the treatment, the web is cut open and leaves the machine via stacker 22.

In a device according to FIG. 1, a three-stage dyeing process with the bleaching, dyeing and washing stages was carried out. The following dimensions were used. The length of the bath was 2 m, its content was 600 l, the conveyor belt was 4 m long. 300 m of terry goods with a width of 2.45 m were circulated into the machine. The machine was set in the same way in all three stages, the web speed measured on the nip rollers was 50 m / min., The residual moisture was 70%.

The dwell time in the bathroom, just like on the conveyor belt, was 3 minutes each; 150 m of goods were combined in the bathroom and on the belt. The bleaching, dyeing and washing were carried out using customary means (H ₂ 0 ₂ remazol brand from Dystar, detergents) and temperatures, the goods making 5 cycles for bleaching, 8 dyeing and washing. The coloring result was very good, especially even. The total water requirement for all three levels together with 16.66 l / kg of goods was considerably lower than that of the prior art, where around 110 l / kg of goods can be expected. The bath change time was 6 minutes. Figure 2 shows an embodiment for smaller amounts of substance.

Here, too, the web is first sewn together endlessly and passed through the device in the circuit as above. The bathroom 1 is U-shaped here, the textile condenses in a meandering shape when it is introduced into the fleet. The conveyance through the bath takes place in a very simple way by gravity, the subsequent layer displaces the one previously introduced.

It is also possible to create a flow.

The deflecting rollers 4 and possibly edge scrapers, as well as centering devices, get the wet web to the squeeze rollers 2 and from there to the dwell section of the conveyor belt 3, from where the textile is again immersed in the bath 1. A scanner 22 can in turn be provided at the machine output.

FIG. 3 shows a variant with an inclined bath 1, onto which the bath liquid is placed on the head side, which runs down the bath tub with the compressed textile and takes the web with it, as shown in the preceding figures, to feed it to the conveyor belt 3 via squeeze rollers.

In the present case, the use of tubular goods is indicated, which is inflated in a manner known per se with the aid of blow nozzles 23 before being squeezed off.

Figure 4 shows the rounding of the device in an autoclave housing 24, in which both the conveyor belt 3 and the bath 1 are rounded. The promotion of the compressed web of material 15 through the bath takes place here by means of an immersed cylinder 25, which of course also has paddles or the like and can be driven in a reversible manner. The present form, in which the conveyor belt 3 virtually encompasses the bath 1, leads to a particularly small design, so that the costs for the autoclave housing 24 are correspondingly low. In such a machine, z. B. dye polyester fabric.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 bath

2 squeeze rollers

3 conveyor belt

4 pulleys

5 sensors

6 edge scrapers

7 centering device

8 spray nozzles

9 inclined plane

10 fillet

11 frames

12 machine entrance

13 idlers

14 input drum

15 textile

16 conveyor belt

17 sensor

18 baffle

19 pump

20 line

21 filters

22 samplers

23 blow nozzles

24 autoclave housing

25 cylinders

Claims

claims

1. A process for the wet treatment of textile webs, in which these are continuously passed through a treatment bath, removed and returned to this, characterized in that the textile web is compacted in the treatment bath and conveyed through the bath, after which the web is removed with the compression removed and adhering bath liquor removed, then, with renewed meandering compaction, placed on a conveyor belt as a dwell section and removed from it in order to recycle it.

2. The method according to claim 1, that the material web in the bathroom is run against a sensor and the throughput of the material web through the bathroom.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one leads the bath comprising the wet web over edge scrapers.

4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the web is freed of entrained bath liquid with the aid of squeeze rollers and this feeds the web via a centering device.

5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the material web in the bathroom is promoted step by step.

6. The method claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bath and / or the conveyor belt is subjected to vibration.

7. The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the web is mixed with bath liquid before the first bath contact.

8. The method according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that one introduces the web over an inclined plane (and / or a fillet) in the bath and washed in with the help of bath liquid.

9. The method according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the meandering compacted web is allowed to float against a conveyor belt.

10. The method according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the goods located on the conveyor belt with gases.

11. The device for performing the method according to claim 1 to 9, consisting of a liquid fillable bath and funding that circulates the web, characterized by the device and the bath by the following features

a) behind the exit of the bath (1) there is a drainage device, in particular a pair of squeeze rollers (2) for squeezing bath liquid out of the tissue;

b) a conveyor belt (3) is connected to the squeeze rollers as a dwell, on which the tissue can be folded down, whereby

c) connect to the conveyor belt (3) deflection rollers (4) for returning the textile to the bathroom and

d) the textile in the bathroom (1) is compressible.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that at the bathing end, the compaction-sensing sensor (5) is arranged, which regulates the feed speed of the web.

13. The apparatus of claim 10 or 11, characterized in that in front of the squeeze rollers (2), edge scrapers (6) are arranged.

14. The apparatus according to claim 10 to 12, characterized in that the web of material to the squeeze rollers (2) via a centering device (7) can be fed.

15. The apparatus according to claim 10 to 13, characterized in that the

Promotion of the web in the bathroom (1) is carried out step by step.

16. The apparatus according to claim 10 to 14, characterized in that the

Have bath (1) and / or the conveyor belt (3) vibration generator.

17. The apparatus according to claim 10 to 15, characterized in that spray nozzles (8) for the application of bath liquid are arranged in front of the bath entrance for moistening and / or flushing the material web.

18. The apparatus according to claim 10 to 15, characterized in that the bath entrance has an inclined plane (9) and / or a fillet (10).

19. The apparatus according to claim 10 to 17, characterized in that the bath (1) has a conveyor belt (16) against which the compressed textile web floats.

20. The apparatus according to claim 10 to 18, characterized in that the funding for the promotion of the web in the bathroom (1) has paddles.

21. The apparatus according to claim 10 to 20, characterized in that the gap between the squeeze rollers (2) is adjustable.

22. The apparatus of claim 10 to 21, characterized in that a perforated input drum (14) is arranged in front of the bath entrance.

23. The device according to claim 1 to 23, characterized in that the bottom of the bath (1) is designed as a heat exchanger.