DE102018219259A1 - Electromechanical actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator (1) for actuating a brake of an elevator system, which actuator (1) comprises an energy store (2), a holding device (3), a reset device (6) and a connector (7), the actuator (1) is designed such that in a standby state (I) the holding device (3) holds the connector (7) in a standby position against an actuating force (F) applied by the energy accumulator (2), in a release state (II) the holding device (3) does not hold the connector (7) in its ready position and the connector (7) is transferred to a release position, and during a return phase (III) the actuator (1) using the reset device (6) from the release state (II) can be converted into the ready state (I). The invention further relates to an elevator system comprising a brake and an actuator (1) which interacts with the brake in order to brake a car which is moved in an elevator shaft of the elevator system.

Description

The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator system, which actuator comprises an energy store, a holding device, a reset device and a connector, the actuator being designed in such a way that the holding device, in a standby state, counteracts an actuating force applied by the energy storage device holds in a standby position, in a release state the holding device does not hold the connector in its standby position and the connector is transferred to a release position, and during a return phase the actuator can be transferred from the release state to the ready state using the reset device.

The invention further relates to an elevator system comprising a brake and an actuator which interacts with the brake in order to brake a car which is moved in an elevator shaft of the elevator system.

The WO 2018/060251 A1 discloses an electromagnetic actuator for operating a brake of an elevator system, the actuator comprising a toggle lever arrangement. The disadvantage of this toggle lever arrangement is that it takes up a lot of space.

Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to improve an electromagnetic actuator mentioned at the beginning, and an elevator system comprising a brake and an electromagnetic actuator. In particular, the electromagnetic actuator should have a simple construction that is also space-saving and robust with respect to deformation during operation.

To solve this problem, an electromagnetic actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator system and an elevator system comprising a brake and an electromagnetic actuator are proposed according to the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims and the description and are shown in the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures.

The proposed solution provides an electromagnetic actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator system, which actuator comprises an energy store, a holding device, a reset device and a connector. The actuator is designed in such a way that in a ready state the holding device holds the connector in a ready position against an actuating force applied by the energy accumulator, in a release state the holding device does not hold the connector in its ready position and the connector is transferred to a release position, and during a return phase of the actuators can be converted from the tripping state to the standby state using the reset device. In particular, the actuator comprises a rotation arrangement, which rotation arrangement has a guide joint, into which the connector engages with a first end.

In particular, the holding device of the actuator comprises an electromagnet and an armature plate.

The second end of the connector is connected to the brake of the elevator system. In particular, the actuator interacts with the brake via the connector in such a way that the brake is transferred to a state with a braking effect by transferring the actuator into the release state. If the actuator is brought into the tripping state, the brake is actuated in such a way that a car which is moved in an elevator shaft of the elevator system is braked. However, this does not necessarily mean that the brake that brakes the car is released again when the actuator is returned from the release state to the standby state.

In one embodiment of the invention, the reset mechanism of the actuator comprises a linear motor. The linear motor is set up to transfer the actuator from the tripped state to the ready state. In particular, an electromagnet and an armature plate are brought into contact with one another by means of the linear motor and then the rotational arrangement of the actuator is returned to its ready position. During this return phase of the actuator, it is possible for the actuator to be brought back into the release state by switching off the electromagnet before the actuator has been completely brought into its ready state.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the reset device comprises a rotary motor, which is set up to transfer the actuator from the release state into the ready state. In particular, the rotary motor acts directly on the rotary arrangement of the actuator and rotates the rotary arrangement back into its ready position. As soon as the rotation arrangement has been brought into its standby position, the actuator is held in its standby state by means of the holding device. In particular, during the return phase, in which the rotary motor turns the rotary assembly back to its standby position, the actuator is again in the release state be transferred before the actuator has been completely converted into its ready state. In particular, a triggering force of the energy store acting on the rotation arrangement is greater than a restoring force of the rotary motor. In particular, when the actuator is brought into the release state, the mechanical resistance of the rotary motor which counteracts the release force is very low.

In one embodiment of the invention, the actuator comprises a guide link which defines a trajectory of the holding device during the return phase. In particular, the actuator includes such a guide link if the actuator reset comprises a linear motor. This guide link enables the return phase to be initiated at any time after the holding device has been released. It is therefore possible to initiate the return phase before the actuator reaches the release state.

In an embodiment in which the actuator's reset device comprises a rotary motor, a guide link is not required. This leads to an advantage of using a rotary motor compared to using a linear motor, since the guide link must be adapted in accordance with the geometry of the rotary arrangement. By using a rotary motor, the rotary arrangement in particular can be made more flexible. The size and shape of the rotation arrangement can be adapted in accordance with the spatial conditions of the elevator system, without a complicated calculation for the path curve of a guide link for a reset device having to be carried out.

Advantageously, the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention has the advantage over the known prior art that the rotary arrangement has a more robust construction than a toggle lever arrangement, which is less susceptible to deformation. The use of a rotation arrangement also offers the advantage that its size and shape can be adapted more flexibly to the spatial conditions in the elevator installation.

• 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Betätiger in einer ersten Ausgestaltung:
  1. a) in einem Bereitschaftszustand
  2. b) in einem Auslösezustand
• 2 ein Diagramm umfassend den Verlauf der Haltekraft und der Auslösekraft, sowie den Verlauf der Rückholkraft für einen Betätiger gemäß 1;
• 3 einen Betätiger in einer zweiten Ausgestaltung während eines Übergangs in den Auslösezustand:
  1. a) im Bereitschaftszustand
  2. b) in einem ersten Zustand während der Überführung in den Auslösezustand
  3. c) in einem zweiten Zustand während der Überführung in den Auslösezustand
  4. d) im Auslösezustand;
• 4 einen Betätiger in der zweiten Ausgestaltung während einer Rückholphase:
  1. a) im Auslösezustand
  2. b) in einem ersten Zustand während der Rückholphase
  3. c) in einem zweiten Zustand während der Rückholphase
  4. d) im Bereitschaftszustand;
• 5 ein Diagramm umfassend den Verlauf der Haltekraft und der Auslösekraft für einen Betätiger gemäß der 3 und 4; und
• 6 einen erfindungsgemäßen Betätiger in einer dritten Ausgestaltung.

Further advantageous details, features and design details of the invention are explained in more detail in connection with the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. It shows:

• 1 an actuator according to the invention in a first embodiment:
  1. a) in a standby state
  2. b) in a trip condition
• 2nd a diagram comprising the course of the holding force and the release force, and the course of the return force for an actuator according 1 ;
• 3rd an actuator in a second embodiment during a transition to the release state:
  1. a) in standby mode
  2. b) in a first state during the transition to the release state
  3. c) in a second state during the transition to the release state
  4. d) in the release state;
• 4th an actuator in the second embodiment during a return phase:
  1. a) in the release state
  2. b) in a first state during the return phase
  3. c) in a second state during the return phase
  4. d) in standby mode;
• 5 a diagram comprising the course of the holding force and the release force for an actuator according to the 3rd and 4th ; and
• 6 an actuator according to the invention in a third embodiment.

In the event of a defect in an elevator system, one or more safety brakes can be activated. These safety brakes are activated by means of an actuator with a connector, the connector directing a triggering force from the actuator to the brakes.

A corresponding actuator according to the invention 1 is in 1 shown. The actuator 1 includes a frame 8th on which the components of the actuator 1 are mounted. The connector 7 is a rod in this embodiment. The connector is used to operate the brakes 7 shifted parallel to its direction of extension. The connector is preloaded 7 through an energy store 2nd , here as an example in the form of a spiral spring. This coil spring 2nd is between a first energy storage stop 13 and a second lift mechanism stop 14 clamped. This is the first lift stop 13 which also serves as a guide for the connector 7 serves firmly with the frame 8th connected. The second lift mechanism stop 14 is firmly on the connector 7 attached and moves with the connector 7 With. Through the energy store 2nd consequently becomes the connector 7 starting from the first lift mechanism stop 13 towards the second Lift mechanism stop 14 with an operating force F ₂ acted upon.

The actuator also includes 1 a rotation arrangement 10th which is a curved guide joint 12th in which one with the connector 7 firmly connected pin 9 to be led.

The connector 7 can from a holding device 3rd be held in a standby position by the rotary assembly 10th a counterforce on the connector 7 provides. The holding device 3rd comprises two parts 4th , 5 , namely a, in particular ferromagnetic, anchor plate 5 , as well as a switchable electromagnet 4th . Here is the electromagnet 4th on the frame 8th attached while the anchor plate 5 on the rotation assembly 10th is arranged. The two parts 4th , 5 can also be reversed.

In standby mode I. ( 1a) the lift mechanism is located 2nd , the holding device 3rd , the two parts 4th , 5 the holding device 3rd , the rotation arrangement 10th and the connector in a standby position. The second part 5 the holding device 3rd keeps the rotation arrangement 10th in their standby position. The rotation arrangement 10th holds the connector 7 in its standby position.

About the geometry of the rotation arrangement 10th and the operating force F ₂ becomes a standby force F _3I the holding device 3rd defined that is required to the rotation arrangement 10th to keep in their standby position.

To initiate the trip condition II ( 1b) The standby _{holding force} (F _3I = 0) is eliminated by switching off the electromagnet 4th . This also includes a reduction in the holding force below a limit value. The adhesion of the anchor plate 5 on the magnet 4th omitted, making the anchor plate 5 , the rotation arrangement 10th and the connector 7 due to the load from the energy store 2nd are transferred to their release position.

When triggered, the second lift mechanism stop 14 and thus the connector 7 towards a rotational arrangement 10th shifted. By the on the connector 7 fixed pin 9 which is in the guide joint 12th the rotation arrangement 10th is led, the force F ₂ the lift mechanism 2nd on the rotation arrangement 10th acted upon, causing the rotation arrangement 10th around a fixed pivot point 11 is rotated. The guide joint 12th has a trigger stop 15 on. The rotation arrangement 10th is rotated until the pin 9 at the release stop 15 strikes (release state II ).

The actuator includes for retrieval 1 a reset 6 , here as an example in the form of a rotary motor. In the illustrated embodiment of the actuator 1 the rotary motor engages 6 at the fulcrum 11 the rotation arrangement 10th at. The rotary motor can also 6 also at any other point of the rotation arrangement 10th attack. During the return phase III the rotary motor turns 6 the rotation arrangement 10th back to the standby position in which the anchor plate 5 and the magnet 4th be brought back into contact with each other, the rotary motor 6 a return force F _6III on the rotation arrangement 10th applies. In standby mode I. has no force F ₆ through the rotary motor onto the rotary assembly 10th . The rotary motor acts during tripping 6 no power F ₆ counter to the rotational movement of the rotation arrangement 10th in the release state II .

During the return phase III become the rotation arrangement 10th , the holding device 3rd and the connector 7 transferred to their standby position. After the return phase has ended, the actuator picks up 1 again its ready state I. a.

In 2nd are essential parameters of the function of the in 1 shown actuator qualitatively outlined. In standby mode I. the rotation arrangement is held in its ready position by the holding device, for which purpose a holding force F _3I must be used, which is a trigger force F _2I counteracts the energy accumulator.

The transfer from the standby state I. to the release state II takes place by releasing the holding _device (holding force F _3II = 0). Because of this, the energy accumulator relaxes at least partially suddenly, as a result of which the force stored in the energy accumulator is released F ₂ suddenly reduced accordingly.

In the return phase III the rotary assembly is continuously reset by the rotary motor. The spring, which serves as an energy store, is compressed, which is why the release force F _2III has a continuously increasing course. The restoring force F _6III of the rotary motor must have the release force F _2III counteract. Due to the continuous increase in the release force F _2III , the restoring force must also F _6III of the rotary motor have a continuously increasing profile.

When the rotation _arrangement reaches its standby position again, the electromagnet of the holding _{device is activated in} such a way that the holding _{device has} a holding force (F _3I ≠ 0) that _corresponds to the triggering force F _2I counteracts the energy accumulator, so that the rotation arrangement in its Standby position is maintained. A restoring force by the rotary motor is then no longer _necessary , so that the restoring force can be reduced suddenly (F _6I = 0).

For the holding power F ₃ therefore it applies that they are in standby mode I. must have a value that is large enough to trigger F ₂ counteract and keep the rotation arrangement in its standby position. For transferring to the release state II needs the holding force F ₃ be reduced accordingly that the rotational arrangement due to the triggering force F ₂ is set in motion. Only after the return phase has ended III needs the holding force F ₃ again have a value that is large enough to trigger F ₂ counteract and keep the rotation arrangement in its standby position. In particular, this means for the holding force F ₃ it means that it only takes two different values. Accordingly, the electromagnet can be switched between two operating states. In particular, the electromagnet is in the standby state I. in an on state and in the tripping state II , as well as in the return phase III in an off state.
The restoring force F ₆ takes the trip state during the transfer II ideally the value F ₆ = 0 so that this does not counteract an actuation of the brakes.

Based on 3rd and 4th the actuator according to the invention is described in a second embodiment. The show 3a-3d and 4a-4d the same actuator in different operating states. For reasons of clarity, reference numerals are only inserted in the partial figures a and d. The same components in the sub-figures b and c are to be regarded as equivalent.

The one in the 3rd and 4th Actuators shown 1 differs from that in 1 Actuators represented by the type of the reset 6 . In the in the 3rd and 4th illustrated reset 6 it is a linear reset, the electromagnet for the return phase 4th along a leadership backdrop 17th to be led. The management backdrop describes 17th the same career as the anchor plate 5 during the transition to the release state. In this way, a return phase can be started at any time during the transition to the release state. So that the rotation arrangement by means of the reset 6 can be brought back to its standby position before the rotary assembly reaches the release condition.

The 3a-3d show the actuator 1 during a transfer from its standby state ( 3a) in its release state ( 3d ).

The 4a-4d show the actuator 1 during the return phase. It shows 4a shows the actuator 1 in its release state and 4d shows the actuator 1 in its ready state.

In 5 are essential parameters of the function of the in 3rd and 4th shown actuator qualitatively outlined. In standby mode I. the rotation arrangement is held in its ready position by the holding device, for which purpose a holding force F _3I must be used, which is a trigger force F _2I counteracts the energy accumulator.

The transfer from the standby state I. to the release state II takes place by releasing the holding _device (holding force F _3II = 0). Because of this, the energy accumulator relaxes at least partially suddenly, as a result of which the force stored in the energy accumulator is released F ₂ suddenly reduced accordingly.

In the return phase III the rotary arrangement is continuously reset by a reset in the form of a linear motor. The spring, which serves as an energy store, is compressed, which is why the release force F _2III has a continuously increasing course. The holding power F _3III must be the trigger force F _2III counteract. Due to the continuous increase in the release force F _2III , the holding force must also F _3III have a continuously increasing course.

When the rotation arrangement reaches its ready position again, the holding force has a value ( F _3I ) of the release force F _2I counteracts the energy accumulator, so that the rotation arrangement is held in its ready position.

In contrast to that in 1 The first embodiment shown in the 3rd and 4th shown second embodiment accordingly only one component, namely the holding device, can be controlled electronically for the actuation of the actuator. In the second embodiment, the holding force F _3III have a continuous increase in the return phase in order to return the rotary arrangement to its ready position. In the first embodiment ( 1 ) on the other hand, the control of the holding device is easier because the holding force F ₃ only has to assume two different values. This can be achieved in particular by switching the electromagnet on and off.

6 shows a third embodiment of the actuator according to the invention 1 . This differs from that in the 3rd and 4th illustrated second embodiment in that the energy storage 2nd here is designed as a torsion spring, which has a first end at the pivot point 11 the rotation arrangement 10th attacks and with a second end at any other point on the rotation assembly 10th attacks. By loosening the holding device 3rd , in particular by switching off the electromagnet 4th , the rotation arrangement rotates 10th , due to the release force F ₂ the torsion spring 2nd to the fulcrum 11 . Because of this rotational movement of the rotation arrangement 10th becomes the connector 7 moved along its direction of extension, whereby the brakes are triggered.

The in the 3rd , 4th and 6 illustrated embodiments of the actuator according to the invention 1 have a leadership backdrop 17th on along the holding device 3rd is moved during the return phase. This leadership backdrop 17th enables the return phase to be initiated at any time after the holding device 3rd was solved.

The use of a rotary motor as a reset 6 , as exemplified by the in 1 shown first embodiment shown, has against the use of a linear motor as a reset 6 the advantage that no guide link is required, which corresponds to the geometry of the rotation arrangement 10th needs to be adjusted. By using a rotary motor as a reset 6 In particular, the rotation arrangement can be made more flexible. The size and shape of the rotation arrangement can be adapted in accordance with the spatial conditions of the elevator system, without a complicated calculation for the path curve of a guide link for a reset device having to be carried out.

Reference symbol list

1

Electromechanical actuator, convertible between standby, tripping and return phase

2nd

Lift mechanism, transferable between ready position and release position

3rd

Holding device, transferable between standby position, release position and return position

4th

Electromagnet, transferable between standby and return position

5

Anchor plate, transferable between the ready position and the release position

6

Reset, convertible between standby and return position

7

Connector, transferable between standby and release position

8th

frame

9

pen

10th

Rotation arrangement, transferable between standby position and release position

11

pivot point

12

Guide joint

13

first lift mechanism stop

14

second lift mechanism stop

15

Release stop

16

guide

17th

Leadership backdrop

F ₂

Release force provided by the energy store 2nd

F ₃

Holding force provided by holding device 3rd

F ₆

Resetting force provided by the resetting device 6

I.

Ready state

II

Release condition

III

Return phase

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• WO 2018/060251 A1 [0003]

Claims (6)

Electromagnetic actuator (1) for actuating a brake of an elevator system, which actuator (1) comprises: • an energy store (2), • a holding device (3), • a reset device (6), • a connector (7), the actuator (1) is designed such that • in a standby state (I), the holding device (3) holds the connector (7) in a standby position against an actuating force (F ₂ ) applied by the energy accumulator (2), • in a release state (II ) the holding device (3) does not hold the connector (7) in its ready position and the connector (7) is transferred to a release position, and • during a return phase (III) the actuator (1) using the reset device (6) from the Tripping state (II) can be converted to the ready state (I), characterized in that the actuator (1) comprises a rotation arrangement (10), which rotation arrangement has a guide joint (12), in which lche the connector (7) engages with a first end. Actuator (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the connector (7) is connected at least indirectly to the brake of the elevator system with a second end and in particular the actuator (1) can interact with the brake via the connector (7) that when the actuator (1 ) in the release state (II) the brake is brought into a state with a braking effect. Actuator (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the reset device (6) comprises a linear motor which is set up to transfer the actuator (1) from the release state (III) to the ready state (I). Actuator (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the reset device (6) comprises a rotary motor which is set up to transfer the actuator (1) from the release state (III) to the ready state (I). Actuator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (1) comprises a guide link (17) which defines a trajectory of the holding device (3) during the return phase (III). Elevator system comprising a brake and an actuator (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , The actuator (1) interacts with the brake in such a way that when the actuator (1) is brought into the release state (II), the brake is brought into a state with a braking effect, so that a car traveling in an elevator shaft of the elevator system is braked .

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