WO2018060251A1

WO2018060251A1 - Electromechanical actuator for actuating a brake of a lift installation

Info

Publication number: WO2018060251A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/074507
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christian Schulz
Original assignee: Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag; Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date: 2016-09-28
Filing date: 2017-09-27
Publication date: 2018-04-05
Also published as: DE102016218635A1; ES2904327T3; CN109789995B; CN109789995A; EP3519339B1; EP3519339A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromechanical actuator (1) for actuating a brake (9) of a lift installation (21), comprising an energy accumulator (2), a holding device (3), a resetting device (6), and a connector (7), where the actuator (1) is designed such that, in a ready state (I), the holding device (3) holds the connector against an operating force (F₂) applied by the energy accumulator, in a ready position, the holding device (3) does not hold the connector (7) in the ready position in a release state (II) and the connector (7) is switched into a release position, and during a retrieval phase (III), the actuator (1) can be switched from the release state (II) into the ready state (I) using the resetting device (6), the holding device (3) being connected to the connector (7) by a toggle lever arrangement (10), where in the first operating state (I), the toggle lever arrangement (10) has a more elongated form than in the second operating state (II).

Description

Electromechanical actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator installation

The invention relates to an electromechanical actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator installation, to a method for operating such an actuator and to an elevator installation comprising such an actuator.

EP 2 794 451 B1 discloses an electromechanical actuator for actuating an elevator brake with a force accumulator, a holding device and a rear part device.

An essential aspect of such actuators is the safe operation in the event of a defect of the elevator system. For this, the holding device must be actively energized during normal operation; eliminates the power supply, the brake is activated. An energy-saving power supply is therefore desirable. At the same time, the structure of the actuator should be as simple as possible and include few moving parts, which guarantee a sufficient ease of operation despite years of non-operation in an emergency.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved electromagnetic actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator installation. This object is achieved by an actuator, a method and an elevator installation with the features specified in the main claims. Advantageous developments emerge from the subclaims, the following description and the drawings.

The electromechanical actuator according to the invention comprises a force accumulator, a

Holding device, a return divider and a connector. The actuator is configured such that, in a standby state, the retainer holds the connector in a standby position against an actuating force applied by the force accumulator, and in a firing state, the retainer does not hold the connector in the ready position and the connector is translated to a firing position. During a return phase of the actuator is using the return from the trigger state in the

Standby state convertible. The holding device is connected via a toggle lever arrangement with the connector, wherein in the ready state, the toggle lever arrangement has a straighter alignment than in the release state.

The method according to the invention for operating such an actuator comprises the following method steps: transferring the actuator from the standby state into the

Tripped state by reducing a applied by the holding device Willingness holding power; Transferring the actuator from the release state to the standby state during a return phase using the return member and overcoming the operating force provided by the force accumulator, thereby generating a return holding force based on the holding device; Holding the connector in its

Standby position by providing a standby holding force on the basis of

Holding device.

In this case, the standby holding force provided by the holding device during the standby state is lower than the maximum return holding force provided by the holding device during the return phase.

The more extended the position of the toggle lever is, the lower is the force required for

Maintaining this position by the holding device in its standby position is required, which can directly affect the energy consumption of the holding device in the standby position. Since, in real operation, the holding device, with the exception of emergencies always in the ready position, the total energy consumption can be kept low, although a fairly high operating force is provided by the energy storage. Although in the operating state, the toggle lever assembly is transferred to a position in which the toggle lever is stretched much less; in the return phase therefore a much higher force must be used than in the standby state. Since the recovery phases over the lifetime of the actuator make up only a negligible proportion of time, this increased effort and the associated energy consumption are acceptable and has no significant impact on operating costs.

The inventive method is also characterized by the fact that defined in the return phase, a greater holding force is provided as in the operating state. This can

For example, be realized in that an electromagnet is at least partially operated with a larger current during the return phase than in the standby state. Thus, while in the context of the relatively short return phase, the holding device provides a comparatively high holding power to stretch the toggle lever assembly, this holding power is then redefined for the duration of the comparatively long operating state again reduced.

Preferably, the toggle assembly comprises a first lever and a second lever, wherein the first lever is connected via a knee joint to the second lever, and the first lever with the second lever includes a knee angle. A more extended alignment of the toggle lever arrangement is particularly present when a knee angle between two toggle levers of the toggle lever arrangement is closer to 180 ° than in

Comparison condition. The knee angle in the standby state is in particular greater than the knee angle in the triggering state, wherein the knee angle can in particular assume a maximum value of 180 °. A knee angle of 180 ° thus represents the most stretched orientation. The knee angle is defined in particular by the angle of two straight lines through the articulation points of the associated toggle levers.

Preferably, the actuator comprises guide means for selectively guiding the holding device from a release position to a return position. The release position of the holding device is present when the holding device can no longer hold the connector in its standby position and the actuator can assume the triggering state. In principle, no holding force can be provided by the holding device in the release position. In the

Rückholstellung the holding device, the holding device in turn can apply a holding force, in particular a Rückholhaltekraft, which is required during the

Transferring the connector from its release position in its standby position.

The guide means may comprise a guide slot defining a trajectory of the

Holding device defined during the return phase. During the triggering state and in preparation for the return phase, a first part of the holding device can be selectively guided in the direction of a second part of the holding device.

The elevator installation according to the invention comprises an actuator of the aforementioned type and / or an actuator which is operated by the aforesaid method. The advantages mentioned with respect to the device or the method and further design possibilities are in each case readily applicable to the method or the actuator and the elevator installation.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figures; herein shows:

Fig. 1 shows an actuator according to the invention in a first embodiment in one

standby

a) in perspective view

b) in side view;

Fig. 2 shows the actuator of Figure 1 in a trigger state

a) in perspective view

b) in side view; Fig. 3 shows the actuator of Figure 1 during a Rückholphase

a) in perspective view

b) in side view;

4 shows a diagram comprising the profile of the holding force and the triggering force as well as the course of the knee angle during the different operating states of the holding device;

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of an elevator system according to the invention comprising an actuator according to the invention.

6 shows an actuator according to the invention in a second embodiment in one

Standby state in side view;

Fig. 7 shows the actuator of Figure 6 during the Rückholphase in side view.

FIG. 5 shows an elevator installation 21 according to the invention, which has a car 22, which is accommodated within an elevator shaft 23. On the basis of guide rails 24, the car is held vertically movable by means not shown guide rollers. In the event of a defect, one or more safety brakes 9 can be activated. For this purpose, the elevator installation 21 comprises an actuator 1 according to the invention with a connector 7. The connector 7 conducts a release force from the actuator 1 to the brakes 9.

The actuator 1 according to the invention will be described in a first embodiment with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, wherein FIGS. 1 to 3 show the same actuator 1 in respectively different operating states.

The actuator 1 initially comprises a frame 8 on which the components of the actuator 1 are mounted. The connector 7 in this embodiment is a rod which is displaced for operation parallel to the direction of extension thereof. The coil spring 2 is clamped between a first power storage stop 18, here exemplified in the form of a stop ring, which is fixedly attached to the connector 7 and with the connector 7 moves, and a second power storage stop 19, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 8. As a result of the force accumulator 2, the connector 7 is subjected to an actuating force F ₂ starting from the second force accumulator stop 19 in the direction of the first force accumulator stop 18. When triggered, the first power storage stop 18 is displaced until it strikes a third trigger stop 20 on the frame 8. The connector 7 can be held by a holding device 3 in a standby position, which provides a counterforce on the connector 7 via a toggle lever arrangement 10. The toggle lever assembly 10 includes for this purpose a first lever 11 and a second lever 12, which are rotatably connected to each other at a knee joint 13. The first lever 11 is rotatably supported on a first support point 14 on the frame 8 from; the second lever 12 is rotatably supported at a second support point 15 on the connector 7. At the knee (not necessarily directly exactly on the knee joint 13), the holding device 3 is connected to the toggle lever assembly 10.

The holding device 3 comprises two parts 4, 5, namely one, in particular ferromagnetic, anchor plate 5 and a switchable electromagnet 4, of which a first part (here the anchor plate 5) on the knee and a second part (here the electromagnet 4) with the interposition of a Return member 6 is mounted on the frame 8. The two parts 4, 5 may also be arranged vice versa.

The return divider 6 may comprise a spindle drive. The return divider 6 can be transferred between a ready position (FIGS. 1 and 2) and a return position (FIG. 3). The return divider 6 carries a part 4 of the holding device 3 and can transfer the holding device 3 between a release position (FIGS. 2) and a return position (FIG. 3). FIG. 1 shows the holding device 3 in its ready position.

The return divider 6 comprises a guide slide 16, which slides in a guide slot 17 and thus guides the return divider 6 during its extension movement in a predefined path.

In the figures 1, the return divider 6 is shown in its standby position, in Figure 2, the return divider 6 is shown in its return position.

In the standby state I (FIG. 1), the energy store 2, the holding device 3, the return divider 6, the two parts 4, 5 of the holding device 3, the toggle lever arrangement 10 and the connector 7 are each in a standby position. The return divider 6 is supported on the frame 8 and holds the first part 4 of the holding device 3 in its standby position, which in turn holds the second part 5 of the holding device 3 in its standby position. The second part 5 holds the toggle lever assembly 10 in its standby position. The toggle assembly 10 holds the connector 7 in its standby position.

About the geometry of the toggle lever assembly 10 and the operating force F ₂ while a standby holding force F _3! the holding device 3 defined, which is required to the To keep toggle lever assembly 10 in its standby position. It is evident that this willingness holding force F _3! the smaller can be, the more extended the toggle lever arrangement 10 is, ie the larger the toggle lever α is. The amount of holding force is essential for the continuous power consumption of the holding device 3 during normal operation of the elevator installation 21, in which the actuator is in its standby position.

To initiate the triggering state II (Figure 2) eliminates the readiness holding force by switching off the electromagnet 4. This also includes a reduction of the holding force below a threshold value. The adhesion of the anchor plate 5 on the magnet 4 is omitted, whereby the second part 5, the toggle lever assembly 10 and the connector 7 are transferred due to the application of the energy storage 2 in the release position. The return divider 6 initially remains in the ready position; the position of the holding device 3 is hereby referred to as a release position, in which the first part 4 in the ready position and the second part 5 in the release position.

To return the return divider 6 is then extended together with the first part 4 in a return position, in which the magnet 4 and the anchor plate 5 are brought back into contact with each other (Figure 3). Now the holding device 3 is in its return position. The electromagnet 4 is activated and attracts the anchor plate 5. This causes the holding device 3 can apply a Rückholhaltekraft F ₃ w on the toggle lever assembly 10. During the Rückholphase III now the return divider 6 is transferred to its standby position, whereby the holding device 3, the toggle lever assembly 10 and the connector 7 are transferred to their standby position. After completion of the return phase of the actuator returns to its standby state.

In Figure 4 essential parameters of the function of the actuator are qualitatively outlined. In the standby state I, the knee angle α = α |. The transfer from the standby state to the release state II occurs abruptly by releasing the holding device (holding force F ₂ = 0), so that the knee angle abruptly reduces to α = α _Ν . During the return phase III is a continuous, linear provision of the holding device 3, which leads to a degressive increase in the knee angle α. This in turn leads to a decreasing gradient of the holding force F ₃ . Thus, a stand-by holding force F _{3 is} enough _! which is significantly lower than the return holding force F _3N |. Since the standby holding force F _3! can be maintained throughout the normal operation, the power consumption can be reduced, resulting in a saving of energy costs. Figures 6 and 7 show an alternative embodiment of the actuator during the standby phase I and the Rückholphase III. The structure and operation largely corresponds to that of the actuator of Figures 1 to 3. In this respect, the previous description is also applicable to this actuator; the deviations are described below.

The coil spring 2 is clamped between a first power storage stop 18, here for example in the form of a shoulder which is fixedly attached to the first lever 11 and moves with the first lever 11, and a second power storage stop 19 which is fixedly mounted on the frame 8. Since the coil spring 2 is now arranged in the region of the first lever, the frame 8 can be made correspondingly smaller. The arrangement and effective direction of the holding device 3 and the return divider 6 is approximately parallel to the direction of the first lever II. The second lever 12 preferably has a transverse arm 25, on which the second part 5 is arranged. The cross boom 25 increases the knee. Again, the second part 5 is located at the knee. As a result, the overall space of the actuator is reduced.

reference numeral

1 electromechanical actuator, convertible between ready state,

Tripping condition and return phase

2 energy storage, transferable between ready position and release position

3 holding device, convertible between ready position, release position and return position

4 electromagnet, convertible between ready position and return position

5 anchor plate, convertible between ready position and release position

6 back dividers, convertible between ready position and return position

7 connectors, convertible between ready position and release position

8 frames

9 brake

10 toggle assembly, convertible between ready position and release

11 first lever

12 second lever

13 connecting joint

14 first base

15 second base

16 guide slides

17 guidance course

18 first power storage stop on the connector

19 second power storage stop on the frame

20 trigger stop on the frame

21 elevator

22 car

23 elevator shaft

24 guide rail

25 cross arm on the second lever

α knee angle

F ₂ actuating force, provided by energy storage 2

F ₃ holding force, provided by holding device. 3

F ₃ | Willingness holding force Return holding force maximally provided return holding force

standby

triggering state

recovery phase

Claims

claims

1. Electromechanical actuator (1) for actuating a brake (9) of an elevator installation (21), comprising

an energy store (2),

a holding device (3),

a return divider (6),

a connector (7),

wherein the actuator (1) is designed such

in a standby state (I) the holding device (3) holds the connector (7) in a ready position counter to an actuating force (F ₂ ) applied by the energy store (2),

that in a release state (II), the holding device (3) does not hold the connector (7) in its standby position and the connector (7) is transferred to a release position, and

during a retrieval phase (III), the actuator (1) is operated using the

Return member (6) from the triggering state (II) in the standby state (I) can be converted,

characterized,

the holding device (3) is connected to the connector (7) via a toggle lever arrangement (10),

wherein in the standby state (I), the toggle lever assembly (10) has a straighter orientation than in the triggering state (II).

2. Actuator (1) according to claim 1,

characterized,

in that the toggle lever arrangement (10) has a first lever (11) and a second lever (12), wherein the first lever (11) is connected to the second lever (12) via a knee joint (13), and the first lever (11 ) includes a knee angle (a) with the second lever (12).

3. Actuator (1) according to the preceding claim,

characterized,

that the knee angle (αι) in the standby state (I) is greater than the knee angle (a _N ) in the triggering state (II).

Actuator (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

in that the actuator (1) comprises guide means (16, 17) arranged for selectively guiding the holding device (3) from a release position into a return position.

Actuator (1) according to the previous claim,

characterized,

in that the guide means comprise a guide slot (17) which defines a trajectory of the holding device (3) during the return phase (III).

6. A method for operating an electromechanical actuator (1) for actuating a brake (9) of an elevator installation (21), in particular an actuator according to one of the preceding claims, the actuator (1) comprises:

an energy store (2)

a holding device (3),

a return divider (6)

a connector (7)

wherein the actuator (1) is designed such

in a triggering state (II) the holding device (3) does not hold the connector (7) in the ready position and the connector (7) is brought into a release position and during a return phase (III) the actuator (1) is operated using the

Returning (6) from the trigger state (II) in the standby state (I) can be converted, the method comprises the following steps:

- Transferring the actuator (1) from the standby state (I) in the triggering state (II) by reducing a by the holding device (3) applied

Standby holding force (F ₃ ),

- Transferring the actuator (1) from the release state (II) in the standby state (I) during a return phase (III) using the resetter (6) and overcoming the by the energy storage (2) provided operating force (F ₂ ), thereby Generating a return holding force (F ₃ w) on the basis of the holding device (3),

Holding the connector (7) in its standby position (I) by providing a standby holding force (F ₃ |) from the holding device (3),

characterized,

the standby holding force (F ₃ |) provided by the holding device (3) during the standby state (I) is lower than the maximum return holding force (F ₃ w _max ) provided by the holding device (3) during the return phase (III).

7. The method according to claim 6,

characterized,

in that during the triggering state (II) to prepare the return phase (III), a first part (4) of the holding device (3) is guided in a targeted manner in the direction of a second part (5) of the holding device (3).

8. elevator installation (21) comprising an actuator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and / or an actuator (1) which is operated by a method according to any one of claims 6 or 7.