DE102016218635A1 - Electromechanical actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator installation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromechanical actuator (1) for actuating a brake (9) of an elevator installation (21), comprising a force accumulator (2), a holding device (3), a reset device (6), a connector (7) Actuator (1) is designed such that in a standby state (I) the holding device (3) holds the connector (7) against a force applied by the energy storage (2) operating force (F2) in a standby position that in a trigger state (II) the holding device (3) does not hold the connector (7) in the ready position and the connector (7) is brought into a release position and that during a return phase (III) the actuator (1) is released from the release state (FIG. II) in the standby state (I) can be transferred, wherein the holding device (3) via a toggle lever assembly (10) with the connector (7) is connected, wherein in the first operating state (I) the Kni ehebelanordnung (10) has a straighter orientation than in the second operating state (II).

Description

The invention relates to an electromechanical actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator installation, to a method for operating such an actuator and to an elevator installation comprising such an actuator.

The EP 2 794 451 B1 discloses an electromechanical actuator for actuating an elevator brake with a force accumulator, a holding device and a restoring device.

An essential aspect of such actuators is the safe operation in the event of a defect of the elevator system. For this, the holding device must be actively energized during normal operation; eliminates the power supply, the brake is activated. An energy-saving power supply is therefore desirable. At the same time, the structure of the actuator should be as simple as possible and include few moving parts, which guarantee a sufficient ease of operation despite years of non-operation in an emergency.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved electromagnetic actuator for actuating a brake of an elevator installation. This object is achieved by an actuator, a method and an elevator installation with the features specified in the main claims. Advantageous developments emerge from the subclaims, the following description and the drawings.

The electromechanical actuator according to the invention comprises a force accumulator, a holding device, a return plate and a connector. The actuator is configured such that, in a standby state, the retainer holds the connector in a standby position against an actuating force applied by the force accumulator, and in a firing state, the retainer does not hold the connector in the ready position and the connector is translated to a firing position. During a return phase, the actuator can be converted from the release state to the standby state using the return device. The holding device is connected via a toggle lever arrangement with the connector, wherein in the ready state, the toggle lever arrangement has a straighter alignment than in the release state.

The method according to the invention for operating such an actuator comprises the following method steps: transferring the actuator from the standby state to the release state by reducing a standby holding force applied by the holding device; Transferring the actuator from the release state to the standby state during a return phase using the return member and overcoming the operating force provided by the force accumulator, thereby generating a return holding force based on the holding device; Holding the connector in its standby position by providing a standby holding force from the holding device.

In this case, the standby holding force provided by the holding device during the standby state is lower than the maximum return holding force provided by the holding device during the return phase.

The more extended the position of the toggle lever, the lower is the force required to maintain this position by the holding device in its standby position, which can have a direct effect on the Energieverbrach the holding device in the standby position. Since, in real operation, the holding device, with the exception of emergencies always in the ready position, the total energy consumption can be kept low, although a fairly high operating force is provided by the energy storage. Although in the operating state, the toggle lever assembly is transferred to a position in which the toggle lever is stretched much less; in the return phase therefore a much higher force must be used than in the standby state. Since the recovery phases over the lifetime of the actuator make up only a negligible proportion of time, this increased effort and the associated energy consumption are acceptable and has no significant impact on operating costs.

The inventive method is also characterized by the fact that defined in the return phase, a greater holding force is provided as in the operating state. This can be realized, for example, in that an electromagnet is at least partially operated with a larger current during the return phase than in the standby state. Thus, while in the context of the relatively short return phase, the holding device provides a comparatively high holding power to stretch the toggle lever assembly, this holding power is then redefined for the duration of the comparatively long operating state again reduced.

Preferably, the toggle assembly comprises a first lever and a second lever, wherein the first lever is connected via a knee joint to the second lever, and the first lever with the second lever includes a knee angle.

A more straightforward alignment of the toggle lever arrangement is in particular present when a knee angle between two toggle levers of the toggle lever arrangement is closer to 180 ° than in the comparison state. The knee angle in the standby state is in particular greater than the knee angle in the triggering state, wherein the knee angle can in particular assume a maximum value of 180 °. A knee angle of 180 ° thus represents the most stretched orientation. The knee angle is defined in particular by the angle of two straight lines through the articulation points of the associated toggle levers.

Preferably, the actuator comprises guide means for selectively guiding the holding device from a release position to a return position. The release position of the holding device is present when the holding device can no longer hold the connector in its standby position and the actuator can assume the triggering state. In principle, no holding force can be provided by the holding device in the release position. In the return position of the holding device, the holding device can in turn apply a holding force, in particular a return holding force, which is required during the transfer of the connector from its release position in its standby position.

The guide means may comprise a guide slot which defines a trajectory of the holding means during the return phase. During the triggering state and in preparation for the return phase, a first part of the holding device can be selectively guided in the direction of a second part of the holding device.

The elevator installation according to the invention comprises an actuator of the aforementioned type and / or an actuator which is operated by the aforesaid method. The advantages mentioned with respect to the device or the method and further design possibilities are in each case readily applicable to the method or the actuator and the elevator installation.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figures; herein shows:

• a) in perspektischer Ansicht
• b) in Seitenansicht;

1 an actuator according to the invention in a standby state

• a) in perspective view
• b) in side view;

• a) in perspektischer Ansicht
• b) in Seitenansicht;

2 the actuator off 1 in a trigger state

• a) in perspective view
• b) in side view;

• a) in perspektischer Ansicht
• b) in Seitenansicht;

3 the actuator off 1 during a return phase

• a) in perspective view
• b) in side view;

4 a diagram comprising the course of the holding force and the release force and the course of the knee angle during the different operating states of the holding device;

5 a schematic representation of an elevator system according to the invention comprising an actuator according to the invention.

5 shows an elevator system according to the invention 21 holding a car 22 which is inside an elevator shaft 23 is included. Based on guide rails 24 the car is kept vertically movable by means not shown guide rollers. In case of failure, one or more safety brakes 9 to be activated. This includes the elevator system 21 an actuator according to the invention 1 with a connector 7 , The connector 7 initiates a release force from the actuator 1 on the brakes 9 ,

Based on 1 to 3 becomes the actuator according to the invention 1 described, wherein the 1 to 3 the same actuator 1 in each case show different operating states.

The actuator 1 initially includes a frame 8th on which the components of the actuator 1 are mounted. The connector 7 is in this embodiment a rod which is displaced to actuate parallel to the direction of extension thereof. The connector is pretensioned 7 through a power storage 2 , here by way of example in the form of a spiral spring 2 , This spiral spring 2 is clamped between a first power storage stop 18 , here by way of example in the form of a stop ring, fixed to the connector 7 is attached and moves with the connector, and a second power storage stop 19 that stuck to the frame 8th is appropriate. Through the energy storage 2 thus becomes the connector 7 starting from the second power storage stop 19 in the direction of the first energy storage stop 18 acted upon by an actuating force F ₂ . When triggered, the first power storage stop 18 so shifted until this on a third trigger stop 20 at the frame 8th incident.

The connector 7 can from a holding device 3 be kept in a standby position, via a toggle lever assembly 10 a drag on the connector 7 provides. The toggle lever arrangement 10 includes a first lever 11 and a second lever 12 attached to a knee joint 13 are rotatably connected to each other. The first lever 11 rotatably supported on a first base 14 at the frame 8th from; the second lever 12 relies on a second base 15 rotatable on the connector 7 from. At the knee (not necessarily directly at the knee joint 13 ) is the holding device 3 at the toggle lever arrangement 10 connected.

The holding device 3 comprises a, in particular ferromagnetic, anchor plate 5 and a switchable electromagnet 4 , of which a first part (here the anchor plate 5 ) on the knee and a second part (here the electromagnet 4 ) with the interposition of a reset 6 at the frame 8th is appropriate. The two parts 4 . 5 may also be arranged vice versa.

The resetter 6 may include a spindle drive. The reset can be between a standby position ( 1 and 2 ) and a return position ( 3 ) convertible. The resetter 6 carries a part 4 the holding device 3 and can the holding device 3 between a triggering position ( 2 ) and a return position ( 3 ). 1 shows the holding device 3 in their standby position.

The resetter 6 includes a guide slide 16 who is in a leading role 17 slides and thus the resetter 6 during its extension movement in a predefined path.

In the 1 is the backer 6 shown in its standby position, in 2 is the backer 6 shown in its return position.

In standby mode I ( 1 ) is the power storage 2 , the holding device 3 , the reset 6 , the two parts 4 . 5 the holding device 3 , the toggle lever assembly 10 and the connector 7 each in a standby position. The resetter 6 rests on the frame 8th and holds the part 4 the holding device 3 in its ready position, which in turn the second part 5 the holding device 3 is held in its standby position. The second part 5 holds the toggle lever assembly 10 in their standby position. The toggle lever arrangement 10 holds the connector 7 in its standby position.

About the geometry of the toggle lever assembly 10 and the operating force F ₂ becomes a standby holding force F _{3I of} the holding _device 3 defined, which is required to the toggle lever assembly 10 to hold in their ready position. It can be seen that the stand-by _{holding force} F _3I can be the smaller, the more extended the toggle lever _arrangement 10 is, so the larger the toggle is α. The amount of holding force is essential for the continuous power consumption of the holding device 3 during normal operation of the elevator installation 21 in which the actuator is in its standby position.

For initiating the triggering state II ( 2 ) eliminates the standby holding force by switching off the electromagnet 4 , This also includes a reduction of the holding force below a limit value. The adhesion of the anchor plate 5 at the magnet 4 deleted, eliminating the second part 5 , the toggle lever assembly 10 and the connector 7 due to the action of the energy storage 2 be transferred to their trigger position. The resetter 6 initially remains in the ready position; the position of the holding device 3 is referred to here as the triggering position, in which the first part 4 in the ready position and the second part 5 is in the trigger position.

To retrieve then the resetting 6 together with the first part 4 extended to a return position, in which the magnet 4 and the anchor plate 5 be brought back into contact with each other ( 3 ). Now the holding device is located 3 in their return position. The electromagnet 4 is activated and pulls the anchor plate 5 at. This causes the holding device 3 a Rückholhaltekraft F _3III on the toggle lever _assembly 10 can muster. During the return phase III is now the reset 6 transferred to its standby position, whereby the holding device 3 , the toggle lever assembly 10 and the connector 7 be transferred to their standby position. After completion of the return phase of the actuator returns to its standby state.

In 4 essential parameters of the function of the actuator are qualitatively outlined. In the standby state I, the knee angle α = α _I. The transfer from the standby state to the release state II takes place abruptly by releasing the holding device (holding force F ₂ = 0), so that the knee angle abruptly reduces to α = α _II . During the return phase III is a continuous, linear provision of the holding device 3 , which leads to a degressive enlargement of the knee angle α. This in turn leads to a decreasing gradient of the holding force F ₃ . Thus, a willingness holding force F _3I enough, which is significantly less than the Rückholhaltekraft F _3III. Since the stand-by _{holding force} F _3I must be maintained throughout the normal operation, the power consumption can be reduced, resulting in energy cost savings.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 Electromechanical actuator, convertible between standby, trip condition and return phase

2

 Power storage, transferable between ready position and release position

3

 Holding device, convertible between ready position, release position and return position

4

 Electromagnet, convertible between ready position and return position

5

 Anchor plate, convertible between ready position and release position

6

 Reset, convertible between readiness position and return position

7

 Connector, convertible between ready position and release position

8th

 frame

9

 brake

10

 Knee lever assembly, convertible between ready position and release position

11

 first lever

12

 second lever

13

 connecting joint

14

 first base

15

 second base

16

 pilot valve

17

 guide link

18

 first power storage stop on the connector

19

 second power storage stop on the frame

20

 Trigger stop on the frame

21

 elevator

22

 car

23

 elevator shaft

24

 guide rail

α

 knee angle

F ₂

Operating force, provided by energy storage 2

F ₃

Holding force, provided by holding device 3

F _3I

 Willingness holding force

F _3III

 Rückholhaltekraft

F _3IIImax

 maximum provided return retention force

I

 standby

II

 triggering state

III

 recovery phase

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2794451 B1 [0002]

Claims (8)

Electromechanical actuator ( 1 ) for actuating a brake ( 9 ) of an elevator installation ( 21 ) comprising a force store ( 2 ), a holding device ( 3 ), a reset 6 ), a connector ( 7 ), whereby the actuator ( 1 ) is designed such that in a standby state (I) the holding device ( 3 ) the connector ( 7 ) against one through the energy storage ( 2 ) applied operating force (F ₂ ) holds in a standby position that in a triggering state (II) the holding device ( 3 ) the connector ( 7 ) does not hold in its standby position and the connector ( 7 ) is transferred to a release position and that during a return phase (III) of the actuator ( 1 ) using the restorer ( 6 ) can be transferred from the release state (II) into the ready state (I), characterized in that the retaining device ( 3 ) via a toggle lever arrangement ( 10 ) with the connector ( 7 ), wherein in the standby state (I) the toggle lever arrangement ( 10 ) has a straighter orientation than in the triggering state (II). Actuator ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the toggle lever arrangement ( 10 ) a first lever ( 11 ) and a second lever ( 12 ), wherein the first lever ( 11 ) via a knee joint ( 13 ) with the second lever ( 12 ), and the first lever ( 11 ) with the second lever ( 12 ) includes a knee angle (α). Actuator ( 1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the knee angle (α _I ) in the standby state (I) is greater than the knee angle (α _II ) in the triggering state (II). Actuator ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator ( 1 ) Guide means ( 16 . 17 ), arranged for the targeted guidance of the holding device ( 3 ) from a release position to a return position. Actuator ( 1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the guide means comprise a guide slot ( 17 ) comprising a trajectory of the holding device ( 3 ) during the recovery phase (III). Method for operating an electromechanical actuator ( 1 ) for actuating a brake ( 9 ) of an elevator installation ( 21 ), in particular an actuator according to one of the preceding claims, the actuator ( 1 ) comprises: an energy store ( 2 ) a holding device ( 3 ), a reset 6 ) a connector ( 7 ) wherein the actuator ( 1 ) is designed such that in a standby state (I) the holding device ( 3 ) the connector ( 7 ) against one through the energy storage ( 2 ) applied operating force (F ₂ ) holds in a standby position that in a triggering state (II) the holding device ( 3 ) the connector ( 7 ) is not in the ready position and the connector ( 7 ) is transferred to a release position and that during a return phase (III) of the actuator ( 1 ) using the restorer ( 6 ) can be converted from the release state (II) to the ready state (I), the method comprises the following method steps: transferring the actuator (FIG. 1 ) from the standby state (I) to the trip state (II) by reducing one by the holding device ( 3 ) applied standby holding force (F ₃ ), - transferring the actuator ( 1 ) from the triggering state (II) in the standby state (I) during a retrieval phase (III) using the reset ( 6 ) and overcoming by the energy storage ( 2 ) provided actuating force (F ₂ ), while generating a Rückholhaltekraft (F _3III ) based on the holding _device ( 3 ), - holding the connector ( 7 ) in its standby position (I) by providing a stand-by holding force (F _3I ) on the basis of the holding _device ( 3 ), characterized in that by the holding device ( 3 ) standby holding force (F _3I ) provided during the standby state (I) is lower than that provided by the holding device ( 3 ) during the retrieval phase (III) maximum provided Rückholhaltekraft (F _3IIImax ). A method according to claim 6, characterized in that during the triggering state (II) for preparing the Rückholphase (III) a first part ( 4 ) of the holding device ( 3 ) in the direction of a second part ( 5 ) of the holding device ( 3 ) to be led. Elevator installation ( 21 ) comprising an actuator ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5 and / or an actuator ( 1 ) operated by a method according to any one of claims 6 or 7.

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