DE102017108456A1 - Method for assembling an elevator system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for mounting an elevator system in an elevator shaft, comprising the following steps:
- Positioning a number of holding devices (100) along a longitudinal direction of the elevator shaft, wherein the holding devices (100) via at least one adjusting device (110) to at least one wall holder (120) which is fixedly mounted on a shaft wall or a shaft frame mounted .
Adjusting the setting devices (110) in such a way that the holding devices are aligned with one another within a preselectable tolerance range,
Fixing the aligned holding devices (100) and the adjusting devices (110) in their respective adjusted positions,
Fixing a lift rail system extending in the longitudinal direction of the shaft to the aligned holding devices (100),
- Provision of a rail system dummy, which at least partially replicates the rail system while maintaining the preselected tolerance range,
- Adjustment of a carriage device of an elevator car, which is intended to be moved on the elevator rail system along the elevator shaft, on the rail system dummy, and
- Removal of the carriage device from the rail system dummy and mounting on the elevator rail system.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for assembling an elevator system.

State of the art

Guide rails for guiding an elevator car of an elevator system are known per se from the prior art. They can serve for sliding or roller guidance of elevator cars.

From the EP 08 58965 A1 is known an operated by linear drive elevator system. There, a roller guide is used, wherein the guide rail is a rolled steel T-profile. On both sides of the elevator car is located between the cabin walls and the shaft walls each have a synchronous linear motor. Such a linear motor has a running in the longitudinal direction of the shaft primary part, also called stationary part, on which carries stator windings. The primary part is attached to a stator, which in turn is attached to the shaft wall. The guide rail is also attached to the stator. The secondary part of the linear motor is formed by extending in the longitudinal direction of the cabin wall permanent magnet rows. On both sides of the stator windings runs such a series of permanent magnets. In this document, each linear motor has two rows of stator windings, each with two rows of permanent magnets. To drive the elevator car, a magnetic traveling field is generated in a manner known per se in the rows of stator windings. This has the consequence that due to the series of permanent magnets, a thrust force is exerted on the elevator car in the vertical direction.

The use of linear motors for the drive of elevator systems has proven to be particularly advantageous in shaft-changing multi-car elevator systems (so-called multicar elevator systems). Here several cabins drive independently of each other in a shaft. A shaft is formed here with several mutually parallel trolley. The cabins can be moved vertically along the tracks, but can also be transferred by means of horizontal movement into another track. Particularly advantageous here is a circulation operation of the cabins, so that, for example, takes place along a first travel only an upward movement of cabs, and in an adjacent track only a downward movement of cabins.

In such linear motors, it is of great importance that system tolerances are set within very narrow limits. For example, a very precise and over the entire shaft length constant to be measured air gap between the running along the shaft primary and the provided on the elevator car secondary part of the linear motor is necessary. Typically, an air gap of about 4 mm +/- 2 mm, in particular +/- 1 mm is sought here. Also different air gap widths in different directions are possible. For example, an airgap width of about 5 mm in shaft depth and about 4 mm in shaft width has been found to be advantageous. Furthermore, other components such as guide rails, brakes, safety gear, antennas, sensors and bus bar and data bus pickups must be set very accurately during assembly. In particular, a precise alignment of guide rails in vertical - and shaft-changing multi-car elevator systems in the horizontal - direction is necessary to ensure compliance with the mentioned small tolerances in connection with the air gap.

The invention seeks to provide a mounting method with which strict system tolerances can be reliably maintained in a simple manner and with the least possible effort.

Disclosure of the invention

According to the invention, an assembly method for mounting an elevator system with the features of the independent patent claim is proposed.

Further embodiments and advantages will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description.

• - Positionieren einer Anzahl von Haltevorrichtungen entlang einer Längsrichtung des Aufzugschachtes, wobei die Haltevorrichtungen über wenigstens eine Einstellvorrichtung an jeweils wenigstens einem Wandhalter, der fest an einer Schachtwand oder einem Schachtgerüst angebracht ist, montiert werden,
• - Einstellen der Einstellvorrichtungen derart, dass die Haltevorrichtungen innerhalb eines vorwählbaren Toleranzbereiches zueinander ausgerichtet sind,
• - Fixieren der zueinander ausgerichteten Haltevorrichtungen und der Einstellvorrichtungen in ihren jeweils eingestellten Positionen,
• - Befestigen eines sich in Längsrichtung des Schachtes erstreckenden Aufzug-Schienensystems an den zueinander ausgerichteten Haltevorrichtungen,
• - Bereitstellung einer Schienensystem-Attrappe, welche das Schienensystem unter Einhaltung des vorwählbaren Toleranzbereiches wenigstens teilweise repliziert,
• - Justierung einer Schlitteneinrichtung einer Aufzugskabine, welche dazu vorgesehen ist, an dem Aufzug-Schienensystem entlang des Aufzugschachtes verfahren zu werden, an der Schienensystem-Attrappe, und
• - Entfernung der Schlitteneinrichtung von der Schienensystem-Attrappe und Montage an dem Aufzug-Schienensystem.

The method according to the invention for mounting an elevator system in an elevator shaft comprises the following steps:

• Positioning a number of holding devices along a longitudinal direction of the elevator shaft, wherein the holding devices are mounted via at least one setting device to at least one wall holder which is fixedly attached to a shaft wall or a shaft framework,
• Adjusting the setting devices such that the holding devices are aligned within a preselectable tolerance range,
• Fixing the mutually aligned holding devices and the adjusting devices in their respectively set positions,
• - fixing a lift extending in the longitudinal direction of the shaft Rail system on the aligned holding devices,
• - Provision of a rail system dummy, which at least partially replicates the rail system while maintaining the preselected tolerance range,
• - Adjustment of a carriage device of an elevator car, which is intended to be moved on the elevator rail system along the elevator shaft, on the rail system dummy, and
• - Removal of the carriage device from the rail system dummy and mounting on the elevator rail system.

A fastening system used here for mounting a rail system of an elevator in an elevator shaft expediently has a holding device, an adjusting device and a wall holder, wherein the holding device is adapted to hold the rail system, and the wall holder is adapted to fixed to a shaft wall or a Well scaffolding to be installed. In this case, the holding device can be mounted by means of the adjusting device on the wall holder, wherein the adjusting device is designed such that the holding device is adjustable relative to the wall holder in six degrees of freedom and fixable in a set position.

Hereby, in particular, a plurality of longitudinally of the shaft vertically stacked holding devices is very accurate, while maintaining very small or preselected tolerances, positionable or adjustable, so that a rail system, which is mounted on this mounting system, over the entire length of the shaft below Compliance with very small tolerances can be provided. By virtue of the adjustment device being adjustable in up to six degrees of freedom, tolerances of the shaft, which are typically very large and correspond to the tolerances in the shell section, can be minimized for a rail system to be mounted in the shaft. Even with an assembly of the fastening system according to the invention on a shaft provided in a shaft framework for supporting the elevator tolerances that typically occur in such a framework can be minimized for the purpose of a rail system to be mounted thereto.

Conveniently, each holding device has a first and a second end, wherein the holding device is connected at the first and at the second end via a respective adjusting device, each with a wall holder. Here, the main extension direction of the holding device in the horizontal direction. An attachment of the holding device at two ends by means of the respective adjusting devices allows a particularly precise and secure positioning. Such an assembly with a holding device, two adjusting devices and two wall brackets is also referred to below as a mounting unit.

Conveniently, the wall bracket is bolted to the shaft wall. Such a screwing can be done, for example, by means of threaded studs cast in the shaft wall, the wall brackets being attachable to the threaded pins, and e.g. can be fixed by applying nuts to this. Alternatively, it is also advantageously possible to use anchored in the shaft wall anchored anchor rails. It is particularly advantageous that no subsequent drilling in the shaft wall must be performed. In the anchor rails appropriate screws for attaching the wall bracket are attached and tightened with nuts.

With the method according to the invention a particularly effective installation of an elevator system is provided. For example, a rail system can be mounted on site in an elevator shaft while maintaining the desired or necessary tolerances on the wall of a hoistway. The adjustment of a carriage device, which is to be moved together with an elevator car using this rail system along the hoistway, can be locally adjusted therefrom, for example in a factory or workshop of an elevator manufacturer, adjusted to a rail system dummy. Due to the replication according to the invention of the rail system by means of a rail system dummy, while maintaining the desired tolerances, essentially all adjustment work can be performed by the factory. On an adjustment of sled facilities or elevator cabs on site in a hoistway can thus be largely dispensed with. Thus, it can be avoided, for example, that complex and expensive adjustment tools must be provided on site in an elevator shaft.

Advantageously, adjusting the adjustment devices comprises adjusting in up to six degrees of freedom. With this measure, a setting extremely low in an effective way tolerances is possible.

It is preferred that the rail system comprises at least one guide rail, in particular two, three or four guide rails for an elevator car. Such a rail system can be mounted in a simple and precise manner on the holding devices of a fastening system as described above. When providing a U shaped holding device which defines a substantially U-shape, for example, two rails may be provided on the base side, and in each case a rail on the legs of this U-shape.

Advantageously, the rail system has at least one power supply rail and / or at least one data transmission rail. Such rails are mounted in a simple manner to the holding devices of the fastening system.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the rail system has a longitudinal part of the shaft extending primary part of a linear motor. By means of the assembly method according to the invention, such a primary part can be positioned very accurately, so that it extends in particular in a very small tolerance range in the vertical direction. By providing such a primary part, a secondary part of a linear drive of e.g. is attached to a carriage of an elevator car, are brought into operative connection with the primary part substantially without further adjustment.

Due to the inventively provided mounting of the rail system while maintaining very low tolerances, for example, in the case of an elevator, which is driven by a linear motor, all moving parts of the elevator, ie in particular elevator cars attached thereto secondary part of the linear motor, without further adjustment with the invention mounted rail system be brought into operative connection.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The invention is illustrated schematically with reference to an embodiment in the drawing and will be described below with reference to the drawing.

list of figures

• 1 eine schematische Draufsicht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines Befestigungssystems zur Montage eines Schienensystems eines Aufzugs in einem Aufzugsschacht, welches für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren geeignet ist, und
• 2 eine perspektivische seitliche Ansicht eines Abschnitts einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines Befestigungssystems in einem Aufzugschacht, welches für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren geeignet ist

It shows:

• 1 a schematic plan view of a preferred embodiment of a fastening system for mounting a rail system of an elevator in an elevator shaft, which is suitable for the inventive method, and
• 2 a perspective side view of a portion of a preferred embodiment of a fastening system in a hoistway, which is suitable for the inventive method

The generally designated 10 mounting system is in the 1 and 2 shown together with corresponding rails of a rail system of an elevator, wherein in 2 for the sake of clarity, only guide rails are shown.

In the 1 The view shown is vertically from above along an elevator shaft 20 ,

In 1 It can be seen that the fastening system has a substantially horizontally extending holding device 100 , two adjusters 110 at respective ends 100a . 100b the holding device 100 , and two wall brackets 120 , which adhere to the adjusting devices 110 connect has.

The holding device 100 is here at its two lateral ends 100a . 100b by means of one of the adjusting devices 110 each with one of the wall holder 120 connected. The adjusting devices 110 For example, by screwing to the fixture and the wall brackets 120 fixable, wherein the representation of such screw is omitted for the sake of clarity in the figures. Overall, therefore, for a holding device 100 two adjusters 110 and two wall mounts 120 intended. These components together form a mounting unit 80 ,

The wall holder 120 are at their foot areas 122 each firmly on a wall 22 of the elevator shaft 20 appropriate. The fastening of the wall holder 120 on the wall 22 can be accomplished for example by means of screwing. Particularly advantageous in this context is, threaded pins in the wall 22 pour in, with the wall holder 120 can be screwed with appropriate nuts with these setscrews. Such screw or such pins are in the 1 not shown for reasons of clarity.

At the perpendicular from the shaft wall 22 protruding thighs 124 the wall holder 120 are each the adjusting devices 110 provided, which with respect to the wall bracket 120 in six degrees of freedom, so three translational degrees of freedom and three angular degrees of freedom are adjustable. The adjusting devices 110 are in turn with a respective end 100a . 100b the holding device 100 connected. The connection between the two adjusting devices 110 and the two ends of the holding device 100 is suitably fixed Overall, thus, the position of the holding device 100 , both translational and angular, with respect to the wall holder 120 or the shaft wall 22 by using up to six degrees of freedom very precisely adjustable, as will be explained in more detail below.

In the 1 is for perspective reasons only one consisting of wall brackets, adjusting devices and fixture mounting unit 80 visible, noticeable. Such mounting units are mounted one above the other along the chute direction, such as in FIG 2 can be seen. Here you can see a section of a shaft, in which three corresponding mounting units 80 are mounted one above the other. Here is also a plate system with a number of stacked and abutting plates 240 intended. The joints between the plates are designated 242. Such plates can, for example, with the holding device 100 be bolted and used as supports for a primary part 230 of a linear motor, as will be explained in more detail below (see 1 ).

According to the present invention, it is possible in a simple manner, the respective superposed holding devices 100 into precise vertical alignment with each other. This vertical alignment is done for example by means of a solder, which in the shaft 20 is hanged. Based on this solder can then by adjusting the adjustment 110 taking advantage of the six degrees of freedom available the holding devices 100 be brought into exact vertical alignment, and in this position each set on the wall brackets 120 be fixed.

It is thus possible, for example, to compensate typical shaft wall tolerances of, for example, +/- 50 mm over an entire shaft length, so that the holding devices, while maintaining a tolerance range of 0.5 to 1 mm, preferably 0.2 to 0.4 mm, particularly preferred 0.1 - 0.2 mm vertically above each other can be positioned.

Such a precise mounting of the holding devices subsequently enables a very simple mounting of elements of a rail system to such holding devices.

In the 1 is an example of a rail system with four guide rails 200 , an energy supply rail 210 , a data transmission rail 220 and the above-mentioned primary part 230 a linear motor shown.

The primary part 230 The linear motor has stator windings arranged along its longitudinal extension, which are not shown in detail here. Such a linear motor also has a secondary part, which is formed by extending in the longitudinal direction of a wall of an elevator car permanent magnet. It proves to be particularly advantageous to mount the secondary part on a carriage device of the elevator car, which is intended to be moved along the rail system. By means of such a linear motor, a very reliable and effective movability of an elevator car along the elevator shaft is provided. In a more detailed representation of a known linear motor and an elevator car or its carriage device, which carries the secondary part of such a linear motor is omitted here for the sake of clarity. It should merely be pointed out that, for a reliable operation of a linear motor, an air gap between the primary part and the secondary part has to be set very precisely over the entire length of the shaft within a very narrow tolerance range.

By the thus made available mounting of fixtures 100 along a lift shaft 20 in compliance with very low tolerances is a simple way of precise assembly, for example, the guide rails 200 or the primary part 230 the linear motor in a simple manner possible.

For example, guide rails 200 are typically made with very tight tolerances, it is possible according to the invention, these guide rails with minimal adjustment or even without further adjustment to the fixtures 100 to fix. The same applies to the primary part 230 of the linear motor.

It should be noted for the sake of completeness that both guide rails 200 as well as the primary part 230 a linear motor having a plurality of sections to be positioned one above the other. Eg in 2 are joints 201 between each stacked and abutting sections of the guide rails 200 shown. The precise assembly of such sections, while maintaining very tight tolerance limits, is possible with the fastening system according to the invention in a simple manner.

The requirements for the precision of mounting the power supply rail 210 and the data transmission rail 220 are usually lower than the guide rails 200 or the primary part 230 , Also these rails 210 . 220 are using the invention Mounting system easily mounted along the shaft.

The illustrated mounting system according to the invention allows a partial assembly of the fastening system and the rail system without an elevator car or a carriage device of an elevator car, to which the secondary part of the linear drive is attached, must be present at the same location.

It is for example possible in a particularly advantageous manner, the in 1 illustrated fastening system, comprising the mounting units 80 each with wall bracket 120 , two adjusters 110 and two holders 100 , as well as the rail system comprising the guide rails 200 , the power supply rail 210 and the data transmission rail 220 as well as the primary part 230 the linear drive on site in a shaft as explained above to install precise and adjust while maintaining very low tolerances.

Elevator cabs supporting the secondary part of the linear drive can be made using e.g. a rail system dummy at a remote location, e.g. A factory or workshop of a lift manufacturer can be set up and adjusted. Such a rail system dummy is designed here so that it replicates the rail system while maintaining the same tolerances. Because of the very small tolerances that can be provided according to the invention, an elevator car set in this manner on a rail dummy can be transferred substantially or completely without further adjustment to the rail system mounted on site. This approach minimizes the need for on-site adjustments in a hoistway.

With the mounting system according to the invention, it is possible to build a rail system, eg depending on local conditions, from bottom to top or from top to bottom in a shaft. After installation, adjustment and attachment of the rail system in the manner shown above, it is possible, for example, a slide device, which carries the secondary part of the linear motor, and then the actual elevator car can be fastened by means of a crane system from above into the shaft and into the Thread mounted rail system. It is also possible in this context to use a rail system in which initially only the guide rails 200 on the fastening system or the holding devices 100 are mounted. An assembly of the power transmission rail 210 , the data channel 220 as well as the primary part 230 of the linear motor only after such threading a carriage device is conceivable. Both possibilities allow the precise adjustment of the air gap between the primary part and the secondary part of a linear motor.

By means of such a crane system, it is also possible to move a carriage device along the entire rail system, ie along the entire shaft, in order, for example, to check the system for assembly tolerances, shaft tolerances or collisions with components provided in the shaft.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0858965 A1 [0003]

Claims (5)

Method for mounting an elevator system in an elevator shaft, comprising the following steps: - Positioning a number of holding devices (100) along a longitudinal direction of the elevator shaft, wherein the holding devices (100) via at least one adjusting device (110) on at least one wall holder (120) which is fixedly mounted on a shaft wall or a shaft frame mounted . Adjusting the setting devices (110) in such a way that the holding devices are aligned with one another within a preselectable tolerance range, Fixing the aligned holding devices (100) and the adjusting devices (110) in their respective adjusted positions, Fixing a lift rail system extending in the longitudinal direction of the shaft to the aligned holding devices (100), - Provision of a rail system dummy, which at least partially replicates the rail system while maintaining the preselected tolerance range, - Adjustment of a carriage device of an elevator car, which is intended to be moved on the elevator rail system along the elevator shaft, on the rail system dummy, and - Removal of the carriage device from the rail system dummy and mounting on the elevator rail system. Method according to Claim 1 in that adjustment of the adjustment devices comprises adjustment in up to six degrees of freedom. Method according to Claim 1 or 25, wherein the elevator rail system has at least one guide rail, in particular two, three or four guide rails. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3 in which the elevator rail system has at least one power supply rail and / or at least one data transmission rail. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4 in which the elevator system comprises a linear motor, the elevator rail system having a primary part of the linear motor running in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, and the carriage device having a secondary part of the linear motor.

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