DE102013022158B3 - door closers - Google Patents

Abstract

A door closer comprises a housing, a closer element which is rotatably mounted in the housing and can be coupled to a door leaf or a frame, an accumulator piston which can be displaced in a displacement direction by rotating the closer element starting from a closed position against the biasing force of a spring arrangement within the housing, and Independently of the storage piston in the housing displaceable support piston, which can optionally be locked in the housing and can be coupled to the storage piston via a driver device, the spring arrangement comprising a first spring acting directly on the storage piston and a second spring acting on the support piston. The first spring is provided to push the accumulator piston away from the closer element with the support of a first fixed stop. The second spring is provided to press the support piston away from the closer element with the support of a second fixed stop.

Description

The present invention relates to a door closer with a housing, a rotatably mounted in the housing and coupled to a door leaf or a frame closure element, a storage piston, which by turning the closing element starting from a closed position against the biasing force of a spring assembly within the housing in a direction of displacement is displaceable, and a displaceable independently of the accumulator piston in the housing support piston, which is optionally lockable in the housing and coupled via a driver with the accumulator piston, wherein the spring arrangement acting directly on the accumulator piston first spring and acting on the support piston second spring includes.

Such door closers are known for example in the form of overhead door closers or floor door closers and serve to automatically close the wing of a door after its opening and subsequent release.

Here, there is the problem that, on the one hand, an excessively high closing force is uncomfortable for the user, and, on the other hand, too low a closing force does not ensure reliable closing of the door in case of fire.

From the EP 0 562 465 A1 , of the SE 46 93 42 B and the EP 0 146 693 A2 only first stops are known, over which the springs push the accumulator piston away from the closer element.

By providing a lockable support piston and two separate springs can be achieved that the accumulator piston is acted upon either by one of the springs or by both springs together, depending on whether the support piston is locked or not. During normal operation, the support piston can remain locked, so that only one of the springs is effective and thus the door can be opened easily and without much effort. In case of fire, the lock is released, so that the door is securely closed with the support of the second spring. In other words, the closing force of such a door closer is adaptable to different situations.

Common door closers with support pistons and two separate springs have a comparatively complex construction. This is partly due to the fact that the accumulator piston and the support piston are usually performed in separate housing parts. As a driver, for example, a pressing against the accumulator piston rod may be provided, which is accordingly to be guided by the first housing part in the second housing part. In particular, in a case filled with damping fluid such a passage is associated with a considerable manufacturing effort because of the required sealing measures.

It is an object of the invention to provide a door closer with adjustable closing force, which is easy to produce and takes up little space.

The solution of the invention is achieved by a door closer with the features of claim 1.

According to the invention, the first spring is provided to press the accumulator piston away from the closing element while being supported on a first fixed stop of the housing, and the second spring is provided to press the supporting piston away from the closing element while being supported on a second fixed stop of the housing. When the support piston is not locked, it pulls by the force of the second spring over the driving device on the accumulator piston and moves it - supported by the first spring - towards the closed position. When locked support piston, however, only the first spring presses on the accumulator piston. When opening the door, the springs are each attracted to the closer element. That is, the direction of displacement points from the accumulator piston to the closing element. The closing movements of the accumulator piston and the support piston are in turn both directed away from the closer element. This "pulling configuration" allows a particularly simple and compact design.

The first spring and the second spring may have a different spring force. Preferably, the second spring has a higher spring force than the first spring to ensure a particularly reliable closing of the door in case of fire. Furthermore, it is preferred that the spring force of the first spring is just sufficient to close a given door leaf. The door can then be opened very easily. According to a special embodiment, the first spring produces a closing force of EN1 according to DIN EN 1154, while the second spring generates a closing force of EN4 according to DIN EN 1154.

Further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.

The accumulator piston and the support piston can be guided in a common piston receptacle of the housing. The two fixed stops can be formed in a simple manner as steps or approaches in such a common piston seat. It is therefore possible that Housing one-piece, resulting in considerable savings in manufacturing costs.

The piston receptacle can form a fluid-filled damping chamber, wherein a uniformly fillable first volume part of the damping chamber is formed between the accumulator piston and the support piston. In other words, there is no partition wall between the accumulator piston and the support piston. This is advantageous in that it is possible to dispense with a complicated fluid-tight passage of the entrainment device through such a partition. In addition, there is no difference volume between a fluid space associated with the accumulator piston and a fluid space associated with the support piston, which would require a complex compensation line.

A specific embodiment of the invention provides that the first space part and a second space part of the damping space located behind the support piston are connected by a connecting line, wherein the connecting line for selectively locking the support piston can be shut off, preferably by means of an electrically controllable valve. When the valve is closed, no fluid can flow out of the rear part of the room, so that the support piston can not be moved by the second spring. When the valve is open, however, the fluid can change from one side of the support piston to the other side of the support piston, so that the support piston is displaceable. With a displaceable support piston, the second spring can contribute to the closing force.

The connecting line may additionally be connected to a third volume part of the damping chamber located in front of the accumulator piston with respect to the displacement direction. When the valve is open, all three parts of the room then communicate with each other, so that the support piston and the accumulator piston are freely displaceable.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a valve provided for selectively shutting off the connecting line is arranged in a closing element of the housing which closes off the piston receiving end. The closure element may in particular be a simple cover for a bore of the housing receiving the accumulator piston and the support piston. This allows a particularly compact construction, since the valve is not to be arranged laterally next to the damping chamber.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the accumulator piston is connected to an elongate coupling element extending along the displacement direction, wherein the elongate coupling element interacts with the latter in the region of an end facing the closer element and in the region of an end opposite the closure element via the entrainment device Support piston can be coupled. Such a coupling element can be designed in particular as a simple rod. Due to the direct coupling with the closer element on the one hand and with the support piston on the other hand results in a particularly space-saving design.

Specifically, it may be provided that the elongate coupling element extends through the accumulator piston and cooperates both in the region of an end facing the closer element and in the region of the closing element opposite end via the entrainment means with the support piston can be coupled. In such an embodiment, one and the same component, namely the elongated coupling element, both for transmitting power from the closer element to the accumulator piston and the need for power transmission from the support piston to the closer element can be used.

In particular, the elongated coupling element may have a recess into which a driving projection provided on the support piston engages with a freedom of movement at least in and against the displacement direction in a form-fitting manner. Within the range of motion then a movement of the accumulator piston is possible despite locked support piston. When released support piston of the positive engagement between the driving projection and the recess of the coupling element comes into play, so that the coupling element and thus the accumulator piston is pulled along by the support piston.

The recess can be designed as extending along the direction of displacement slot or as a groove, resulting in a particularly simple construction. The length of the oblong hole defines the maximum displacement stroke of the accumulator piston when the support piston is locked.

Furthermore, a recess having the end of the elongate coupling element can be accommodated in a front-side recess of the support piston, in which also the driving projection is arranged. The driving projection thus does not protrude freely into the corresponding damping chamber. The end-side receptacle of the coupling element in the support piston can support a longitudinal guidance of the coupling element and thus increase the stability of the overall arrangement.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that a control cam of the closing element cooperates with a displaceable together with the accumulator piston support roller to a Turning the closing element in an opening direction in a sliding movement of the accumulator piston to implement in the direction of displacement. The conversion of the rotational movement of a closer shaft in a linear displacement movement of the accumulator piston can be carried out in particular under a rolling of the support roller on the control cam. The control cam can for this purpose have an eccentricity with respect to the axis of rotation of the closer shaft.

Preferably, the closure element between the support roller and the spring assembly is arranged. This results in a particularly compact design. In order to enable the arrangement of the shutter element between the support roller and the spring arrangement, an elongate coupling element as described above may be provided with a recess through which the shutter element is passed. In this case, a special embodiment provides that the elongated coupling element has an annular end section to be arranged in the region of the closing element.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings.

1 is a cutaway view of a door closer according to the invention.

2a is a partial representation of the in 1 shown door closer, which shows a storage piston and a support piston of the door closer in each case in a closed position.

2 B is a partial representation of the in 1 shown door closer, which shows the accumulator piston and the support piston of the door closer in each case in an open position.

2c is a partial representation of the in 1 shown door closer, which shows the accumulator piston in a closed position and the support piston in a locked open position.

The in 1 shown door closer 11 can be designed either as a top door closer or as a floor door closer and includes a housing 13 in which a closer shaft 15 is mounted rotatably about a rotation axis R. An unillustrated end of the closer shaft 15 protrudes from the case 13 out and can be coupled with a door of a swing door, so that upon pivoting of the door leaf, a rotation of the closer shaft 15 occurs and vice versa. A cam 17 , whose outer circumference sections as an eccentric cam 19 is formed is with the closer shaft 15 positively and non-positively connected.

The housing 13 comprises a one-piece base body 21 in which a central recess extending along a longitudinal axis L is formed 23 is trained. The recess 23 is at one of the closer shaft 15 opposite end by a cover-like closure element 25 locked. A first hollow cylindrical section 27a the recess 23 serves as a receptacle for a storage piston 29 while a second hollow cylindrical section 27b the recess 23 as a receptacle for a support piston 30 serves. In the storage piston 29 and in the support piston 30 check valves are arranged. The recess 23 is with a damping fluid such. B. an oil filled. The storage piston 29 and the support piston 30 are displaceable along the longitudinal axis L, wherein circumferential sealing elements 33 on the accumulator piston 29 as well as on the support piston 30 provide a fluid-tight guide. In particular, the accumulator piston 29 starting from the in 1 shown closed position in a direction of displacement V displaced.

Between the storage piston 29 and the support piston 30 is a uniformly fillable first part of the room 35 the fluid-filled recess 23 educated. A second room part 37 the fluid-filled recess 23 is between the support piston 30 and the final element 25 educated. Furthermore, with respect to the displacement direction V in front of the accumulator piston 29 a third room part 39 , One in the base body 21 of the housing 13 integrated connection line 41 connects the first room part 35 , the second part of the room 37 as well as the third room part 39 together. By means of one in the final element 25 integrated, preferably electrically controllable, valve 45 this is the first room part 35 with the second part of the room 37 connecting section of the connecting line 41 optionally lockable.

With shut off valve 45 can no damping fluid from the second part of the room 37 outflow, so that the support piston 30 can not move against the direction of displacement V. The displacement of the accumulator piston 29 contrary to the direction of displacement V, however, is also when the valve is shut off 45 possible.

How to continue 1 shows, extends an elongated, rod-like coupling element 47 along the longitudinal axis L of the closer shaft 15 to the support piston 30 , The coupling element 47 is through the accumulator piston 29 passed through and attached to this, so that the coupling element 47 and the storage piston 29 together in and against the direction of displacement V in the housing 13 are displaceable. In the area of the closer shaft 15 forms the coupling element 47 an annular end portion 49 out, through its opening 50 the closer shaft 15 passed through. On a the accumulator piston 29 opposite side of the closer shaft 15 is a rotatable support roller 51 at the annular end portion 49 of the coupling element 47 attached, which on the cam 17 rolls. The control curve 19 the cam 17 causes a rotation of the closer shaft 15 a linear displacement of the coupling element 47 including the accumulator piston 29 ,

One of the closer shaft 15 opposite end portion 52 of the coupling element 47 is in a frontal depression 55 of the support piston 30 slidably received. In the depression 55 there is also a driving projection 57 in the form of a bolt extending transversely to the longitudinal axis L. The driving advantage 57 passes through a slot 59 which is in the end section 52 of the coupling element 47 is trained. The length of the slot 59 gives it a range of motion of the coupling element 47 relative to the support piston 30 along the longitudinal axis L before. Thus, by the arrangement of driving projection 57 and long hole 59 a driver device 60 educated.

To provide a closing force for the door closer 11 is a spring arrangement 65 provided, which a first, on the storage piston 29 acting spring 67 and a second, on the support piston 30 acting spring 69 having. Both springs 67 . 69 are designed as compression springs. While the spring force of the first spring 67 just enough to close a given door leaf, the spring force of the second spring 69 strong enough to ensure a reliable closing of the door leaf in case of fire. How out 1 shows, is the first spring 67 intended to be supported on one between the closer shaft 15 and the accumulator piston 29 located first hard stop 70 the accumulator piston 29 from the closer shaft 15 push away. The second spring 69 is intended, with support at one between the accumulator piston 29 and the support piston 30 second hard stop 71 the support piston 30 from the closer shaft 15 push away. The first hard stop 70 and the second hard stop 71 are by respective stages or approaches in the base body 21 formed, with the second hard stop 71 through a support ring 73 is extended.

The functioning of the door closer 11 is referred to below with additional reference to 2a to 2c described.

2a shows the door closer 11 with the door closed and the valve open 45 , Due to the open valve 45 is the support piston 30 not locked, so he through the second spring 69 is pressed in a closed position in the picture on the right. Likewise, the accumulator piston 29 through the first spring 67 in one here the support ring 73 adjacent closed position pressed. Now if the door is opened by a user and the closer shaft 15 ( 1 ) is rotated accordingly pulls the coupling element 47 against the force of the first spring 67 the accumulator piston 29 in the in 2 B illustrated opening position. In addition, the coupling element takes 47 due to the intervention of the driving projection 57 in the slot 59 the support piston 30 with and pull this also in the 2 B illustrated opening position. The valve 45 can then be closed to the support piston 30 in the case 13 to lock.

If an open door with locked support piston 30 is released, only the accumulator piston 29 pushed back into the closed position while the support piston 30 remains in the open position. This condition is in 2c shown. As long as the valve 45 is locked, the second spring can 69 do not apply a closing force so that the door can be opened without great effort. A user only has to use the closing force of the first spring 67 overcome. In a fire or other alarm, however, the valve 45 be opened so that in the second part of the room 37 existing damping fluid can flow out. Thus, the second spring pushes 69 the support piston 30 and the coupling element coupled thereto 47 in the closed position. The door is then under the action of both springs 67 . 69 closed with high closing force.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11

door closers

13

casing

15

closer shaft

17

cam

19

cam

21

base body

23

recess

25

termination element

27a, 27b

hollow cylindrical section

29

accumulator piston

30

support piston

33

sealing element

35

first room part

37

second room part

39

third room part

41

connecting line

45

Valve

47

coupling element

49

annular end portion

50

opening

51

supporting role

52

end

55

deepening

57

driving projection

59

Long hole

60

entrainment

65

spring assembly

67

first spring

69

second spring

70

first hard stop

71

second hard stop

73

support ring

R

axis of rotation

L

longitudinal axis

V

displacement direction

Claims (14)

Door closer ( 11 ) with a housing ( 13 ), one rotatable in the housing ( 13 ) mounted and can be coupled with a door leaf or a window frame closer element ( 15 ), a storage piston ( 29 ), which by turning the closing element ( 15 ) starting from a closed position against the biasing force of a spring arrangement ( 65 ) within the housing ( 13 ) is displaceable in a displacement direction (V), and one independent of the accumulator piston ( 29 ) in the housing ( 13 ) displaceable support piston ( 30 ), which optionally in the housing ( 13 ) and via a driver device ( 60 ) with the accumulator piston ( 29 ) is coupled, wherein the spring arrangement ( 65 ) one directly on the storage piston ( 29 ) acting first spring ( 67 ) and one on the support piston ( 30 ) acting second spring ( 69 ), characterized in that the first spring ( 67 ) is provided, supported by a first hard stop ( 70 ) of the housing ( 13 ) the accumulator piston ( 29 ) of the closing element ( 15 ) and that the second spring ( 69 ), with the support of a second hard stop ( 71 ) of the housing ( 13 ) the support piston ( 30 ) of the closing element ( 15 ) push away. Door closer according to claim 1, characterized in that the first fixed stop ( 70 ) between the closing element ( 15 ) and the accumulator piston ( 29 ) and / or that the second hard stop ( 71 ) between the accumulator piston ( 29 ) and the support piston ( 30 ) is arranged. Door closer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the accumulator piston ( 29 ) and the support piston ( 30 ) in a common piston receptacle ( 23 ) of the housing ( 13 ) are guided. Door closer according to claim 3, characterized in that the piston receptacle ( 23 ) forms a fluid-filled damping chamber, wherein between the accumulator piston ( 29 ) and the support piston ( 30 ) a uniformly fillable first space part ( 35 ) of the damping chamber is formed. Door closer according to claim 4, characterized in that the first room part ( 35 ) and with respect to the direction of displacement (V) behind the support piston ( 30 ) located second space part ( 37 ) of the damping chamber through a connecting line ( 41 ), the connecting line ( 41 ) for selectively locking the support piston ( 30 ) can be shut off, preferably by means of an electrically controllable valve ( 45 ). Door closer according to claim 5, characterized in that the connecting line ( 41 ) additionally with respect to the displacement direction (V) in front of the accumulator piston ( 29 ) located third room part ( 39 ) of the damping chamber is connected. Door closer according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a for selectively shutting off the connecting line ( 41 ) provided valve ( 45 ) in a piston receiving ( 23 ) end closure element ( 25 ) of the housing ( 13 ) is arranged. Door closer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the accumulator piston ( 29 ) with an elongated coupling element (14) extending along the direction of displacement (V) ( 47 ), wherein the elongated coupling element ( 47 ) in the region of a closing element ( 15 ) facing end cooperates with this and in the region of the closing element ( 15 ) opposite end via the driver device ( 60 ) with the support piston ( 30 ) can be coupled. Door closer according to claim 8, characterized in that the elongate coupling element ( 47 ) through the accumulator piston ( 29 ) and both in the region of a closing element ( 15 ) facing end cooperates with this and in the region of a closing element ( 15 ) opposite end via the driver device ( 60 ) with the support piston ( 30 ) can be coupled. Door closer according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the elongate coupling element ( 47 ) a recess ( 59 ), in which a on the support piston ( 30 ) provided driving projection ( 57 ) with a freedom of movement at least in and against the displacement direction (V) engages positively. Door closer according to claim 10, characterized in that the recess ( 59 ) as along the displacement direction (V) extending slot is executed. Door closer according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that a recess ( 59 ) end of the elongated Coupling element ( 47 ) in a frontal depression ( 55 ) of the support piston ( 30 ), in which also the driving projection ( 57 ) is arranged. Door closer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control cam ( 19 ) of the closing element ( 15 ) with a common with the accumulator piston ( 29 ) sliding support roller ( 51 ) cooperates to prevent rotation of the closing element ( 15 ) in an opening direction in a sliding movement of the accumulator piston ( 29 ) in the direction of displacement (V). Door closer according to claim 13, characterized in that the closing element ( 15 ) between the support roller ( 51 ) and the spring arrangement ( 65 ) is arranged.

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