DE102012112029A1 - Method for manufacturing of ring-shaped operation element of door actuator for actuation of door, involves providing door actuator having housing in which functional elements comprising axial profile rolling tube are added - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves providing a door actuator having a housing in which the functional elements are added. The functional element comprising the axial profile rolling tube (15) is produced. The opposing profile roll is performed on the workpiece (16) for the formation of the functional element. The tubular unit (18) is introduced into the rolling mandrel (17). The workpiece is rolled to a near net shape, so that the metal-cutting production process is carried out. A pressure roller is provided in operative connection with a cam unit (21). An independent claim is included for door actuator.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing annular functional body of a door operator for operating a door, wherein the door operator has a housing in which the functional body are received.

Ring-shaped functional body in the present sense describe components of a door operator, which are part of the mechanics or hydraulics of the door operator and have a substantially rotationally symmetrical shape. For example, the functional body can form bearing housings which serve to mount a closer shaft in the housing of the door operator. The closer shaft describes the mechanical connection element to a joint system for coupling the door leaf of a door to the door operator. In the present case describes a door operator a door closer, which forms only a mechanical energy storage, and causes the closing movement of a door leaf with a mechanical clamping unit in a well-known manner and damped by a hydraulic damper unit. Under a door operator, however, an electro-hydraulic or electro-mechanical door operator is understood in this case, in addition to the execution of a closing movement of the door leaf can be used to open the door leaf. Also in an electro-hydraulic or electro-mechanical door operator annular functional body are present, which can relate to bearing housings for supporting a closer shaft or pressure rollers, which can cooperate with a cam body, for example, and the rotating elements in a drive gear to drive a closer shaft form.

STATE OF THE ART

Ring-shaped functional bodies, which are accommodated in the housing of a door operator, and which are thus part of a Türbetätigermechanik are usually produced by machining processes. Machining processes such as turning are used in almost all areas of the metalworking industry. For the automated production of annular functional bodies which may have a functional profile on the outside and / or on the inside, they are produced in a known manner in turning centers, and the functional bodies can be machined by rotary operations of a tube continuous material and subsequently separated. The continuous tube material can be machined both on the inside and on the outside, in order to introduce the functional profile into the inside or on the outside.

Ring-shaped functional body in door actuators, for example, designed as a bearing housing for supporting the closer shaft, are exposed to high mechanical loads, so often after the execution of the turning operations and after separation of the functional body from the tube continuous material heat treatment follows, and not infrequently abrasive machining is necessary. Also, annular functional body made of a composite material are known, and for example, bearing housing may have a housing ring made of a hardenable steel material in which a sliding ring is pressed from a non-ferrous metal, such as to form a bearing sleeve. The production of such formed from several components annular functional bodies is complex and costly.

The demand for development and application of material, energy and labor-saving overall cost-effective manufacturing processes is also in the production of door operators in the foreground, so that machining process Although allow high flexibility, however, results from the resulting Zerspananteil a high material usage, and often set themselves long processing times, which are also accompanied by long idle times, such as tool change times.

A further disadvantage of machining production processes arises from the lack of possibility of influencing material textures of the functional body, and frequently heat treatments must be provided after the rotary operation of the annular functional body, and only then can grinding of functional surfaces of the functional body follow. This creates a total of long manufacturing chain annular functional body, in particular such functional body, which are exposed to high mechanical loads.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is to provide a method for producing annular functional body of a door operator for actuating a door, wherein the method must be carried out easily and inexpensively. In particular, there is the object of specifying a method for producing annular functional body of a door operator, which consists of a few process steps and creates a high functional quality of the functional body, in particular with regard to the material properties of the functional body.

This object is based on a method for producing annular functional body of a door operator according to the preamble of Claim 1 solved in conjunction with the characterizing features. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The invention includes the technical teaching that the method for producing the functional body comprises at least the step of Axialprofilrohrwalzens.

The invention is based on the idea that for the production of Wälzlageringen already established method of Axialprofilrohrwalzens to apply to the production of annular functional body of a door operator. It has been found that annular functional body, which are part of Türbetätigermechanik a door operator, must have geometric shapes and mechanical and / or material properties that can be provided in a particularly advantageous manner with the use of Axialprofilrohrwalzens. Thus, the machining process known from the prior art for producing the annular functional bodies can be substituted by the method of Axialprofilrohrwalzens to produce inexpensive, simple, time-saving and reliable way the functional body. Furthermore, improved material properties of the material can be produced by the axial profile tube rolling, and it has been found that these material properties are particularly advantageously used for annular functional bodies in a door operator.

The Axialprofilrohrwalzen belongs to the cross rolling process with predominantly axial flow of material, that is, a pipe or a ring is longer or wider during the rolling process according to the displaced by the tool profile material volume. The following are the particular properties with respect to the material and the surfaces of the functional body, which can be achieved by the production by means of the Axialprofilrohrwalzverfahrens.

Seamlessly rolled rings usually have a homogeneous structure and a continuous, closed fiber profile of the material in the circumferential direction, which is detectable by metallographic methods. This results in the advantage of high strength in the circumferential direction, since in the tangential direction by the fiber flow a high load capacity of the material is possible.

The Axialprofilrohrwalzen can be performed in particular as a cold rolling process, so that by the accompanying strain hardening especially in the near-surface region in the material results in a special surface hardening, which is detectable by the finding of a higher hardness in a near-surface point of the functional body compared to a component inside point.

The Axialprofilrohrwalzen may be accompanied in particular by a surface smoothing, and it is plastically deformed under pressure by the profile rollers on the surface of the workpiece, the workpiece material on the surface and the roughness profile leveled. In the area of the elevations on the surface, the profiled rollers generate residual compressive stresses which cause the material to flow in the direction of the depressions and thereby lift their base. The final roughness consequently arises exclusively by plastic deformation of the starting roughness. This property results in a surface with the lowest roughness, an increase in wear resistance, a maximum increase in the material content of the starting material and a solidification of the surface microstructure by up to 30%. These surface properties are detectable, in particular, on non-machined surfaces of the rolled functional body, preferably on component free surfaces which do not form a seat-friction or sliding surface of the functional body. The roughness can have values of Rz <10 μm or Ra <1 μm and in exceptional cases even of Rz <1 μm or Ra <0.1 μm.

To execute the Axialprofilrohrwalzens two opposing profile rollers are provided, which are delivered to the workpiece to form the functional body against each other. The method can be carried out with a rolling mandrel which is introduced into the tubular workpiece, because the starting material for forming the functional body can be provided by at least one tubular body.

After the Axialprofilrohrwalzen by which was rolled on the outer peripheral surface or on the inner surface of the workpiece, the rolling profile, which forms the later functional profile of the functional body, the process step of Walzeinstechens can follow, so that the roll piercing at least partially separates the workpiece from the provided tubular body. The partial severing is understood to mean at least one piercing roll which greatly reduces the residual cross section between the machined workpiece and the tubular body and, for example, the workpiece can be singled out in a very simple manner by a final cutting cut.

With further advantage, with the axial profiled tube rolling, the workpiece can be rolled to a near-net shape, so that after the axial profiled tube rolling as a further method step, a machining process with a geometrically undefined cutting edge is performed. The For example, machining processes may include a grinding operation, and optionally a burnishing lapping operation or the like.

As a further possible embodiment of the method for producing annular functional body of a door operator can be provided as a starting material for forming the functional body to provide a first and a second tubular body, and the tubular body can be provided in an example, loose, coaxial composite material. For example, the two tubular bodies can be dimensioned to one another such that they can be joined together manually. If then the Axialprofilrohrwalzen executed so creates a press fit between the inner and outer tube body, in particular can be produced by a rolled profile additionally or alternatively to non-positive interference fit a positive interference fit, so in a particularly secure manner, an axial emigration of the inner tube body from the outer tube body is avoided out.

If two nested tubular bodies are jointly processed by the Axialprofilrohrwalzen by a radially introduced from the outside over the peripheral surface rolling force, the tubular body can be joined together by macroscopic positive engagement, for example by rolling of grooves or grooves, so that the tube body after rolling in the axial direction are no longer detachable from each other by the formed positive connection. Adjacent to or close to the rolling joint, the structure of the two tubular bodies, which may be formed by different metals, to each other about the same fiber shape, which is metallographically detectable, since the materials of the two tubular body near the rolling gap an approximately equal Umformrichtung and about the same Experience degrees of deformation.

For example, the functional body, which is produced by the Axialprofilrohrwalzen, form a bearing housing of a closer shaft of the door operator. Specifically, bearing housings are comprised of a housing ring and a slip ring, and the housing ring may be provided, for example, by a first tubular body and the slip ring may be provided by an inner second tubular body, and both tubular bodies co-machined by the axial profile tube rolling. The housing ring may consist of a steel material and the sliding ring of a non-ferrous metal, and the sliding ring may be formed in particular by a sliding bearing material.

According to a further embodiment of the method, the Axialprofilrohrwalzen may be formed so that the functional body forms a pressure roller for operative connection with a cam body as part of the Türbetätigermechanik. Pressure rollers are, as well as the cam body itself, mechanically very high loaded components, and the cam body in operative connection with the pressure roller can form the closing moment on the closer shaft of the door operator. The pressure roller is subjected to force by a closing spring, and presses with high force on the cam body. This creates the demand for a high material strength, which can be achieved by the process of Axialprofilrohrwalzens especially without subsequent heat treatment.

As a result, both for the production of a bearing housing for supporting a closer shaft, but also for producing a pressure roller for operative connection with a cam body in a door operator or other functional body by the Axialprofilrohrwalzen results in an advantageous manufacturing process for producing such annular functional body. Further annular functional body can be formed for example by the race in the transmission of an electro-mechanical door operator, which is also rotationally symmetrical and has a functional profile.

The invention is further directed to a door operator for actuating a door with an annular functional body, wherein the door operator has a housing in which the functional body is received, and wherein the functional body at least one bearing housing for supporting a closer shaft and / or a pressure roller for operative connection with forms a cam body, wherein the functional body is made at least by the method of Axialprofilrohrwalzens. For the purposes of the present invention, the entire manufacturing process for the production of the functional body is not limited to the Axialprofilrohrwalzen. The functional body of the door operator can be additionally processed, for example, with a roller piercing step, whereby the workpiece is at least partially separated from a provided tubular body. On the Axialprofilrohrwalzen another, machining step can be done, for example, with a geometrically determined or preferably with a geometrically indeterminate edge. Although the application of the axial profiled tube rolling can in most cases eliminate the need for heat treatment of the workpiece provided, a subsequent thermal treatment process can nevertheless follow to further increase the material strength. The features and associated advantages described in connection with the method according to the invention are also taken into account for a door operator with at least one such annular functional body.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Further, measures improving the invention will be described in more detail below together with the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to FIGS. It shows:

1 a schematic, perspective view of the Axialprofilrohrwalzens,

2 a side view of the arrangement of two profile rollers and a workpiece of the Axialprofilrohrwalzens according to 1 .

3 a cross-sectional view through the profile rollers and the workpiece in the arrangement of a Axialprofilrohrwalzens according to 1 .

4 a further embodiment of the Axialprofilrohrwalzens with coaxially arranged tubular bodies,

5 an embodiment of a functional body which is produced with the Axialprofilrohrwalzen and which forms a bearing housing for supporting a closer shaft in a door operator,

6 a cross-sectional view through a door operator with functional bodies, the pressure rollers in operative connection with a cam body,

7 a further partial view of a door operator with a closer shaft,

8th the arrangement of bearing housings for supporting a closer shaft in the housing of a door operator according to a first embodiment and

9 the arrangement of bearing housings for supporting a closer shaft in the housing of a door operator according to a second embodiment.

1 shows a perspective view of an arrangement for carrying out a method for producing an annular functional body, which is still being processed and thus as a workpiece 16 is designated. The process arrangement corresponds to the Axialprofilrohrwalzen, which forms a cross-rolling process and has a predominantly axial flow of material. In this case, the material of the workpiece during the rolling process corresponding to the displaced by the tool profile material volume is longer or wider. As a result, the workpiece lengthens 16 in the direction of its workpiece axis 24 , The method is essentially characterized by two profiled rollers 15 , the respective rolled profiles 22 have and in the same direction in each case a roll axis 23 rotate. Between the two profile rollers 15 is the workpiece 16 , which, driven by the rotation of the profile rollers, also in rotation about its workpiece axis 24 is brought. Inside in the workpiece 16 is a rolling pin from a free end side 17 introduced by which is achieved that despite a plastic deformation of the workpiece 16 the inner contour of the same remains essentially unchanged. By pressing the profile rollers 15 against the workpiece 16 that will be in the profile rolls 15 existing rolled section 22 according to the embodiment shown on the outer surface of the workpiece 16 displayed. Has the workpiece 16 reaches its final shape, in particular provided for the Axialprofilrohrwalzen final contour, so are the profile rollers 15 again disengaged from the workpiece 16 brought, in particular by retraction of the profile rollers 15 , and the workpiece 16 can from a tubular body 18 , on which this is still formed, to be separated.

In the 2 and 3 Further views of the first shown embodiment of the Axialprofilrohrwalzens are shown, and 2 shows the arrangement of the profile rollers 15 and the workpiece 16 from the direction of the roll axes 23 or the workpiece axis 24 , and 3 provides a cross-sectional side view of the Axialprofilrohrwalzens along the section line AA in 2 dar. The two profile rollers 15 rotate in the direction of arrow shown in the same direction, causing the workpiece 16 is also rotated. In 3 is shown that the workpiece 16 the end of a pipe body 18 forms into which the rolling mandrel 17 is introduced, in common with the tubular body 18 around the workpiece axis 24 rotates. The inside receiving space for receiving the rolling mandrel 17 can also be previously introduced machined when the tubular body 18 made of a solid material.

Further shows 3 with two arrows pointing towards each other, the feed direction around the roll axes 23 rotating profile rollers 15 for producing the rolled section 22 on the outside of the workpiece 16 , which then by a roll piercing step, for example by an exchange of at least one profile roll 15 , from the tube body shown 18 can be separated. The inner contour of the workpiece 16 into which the rolling pin 17 can be previously prepared by a machining operation. The embodiment of the workpiece 16 For example, a functional body 10 in a door operator 1 form as in the 5 and 8th shown.

The various machining operations, such as the machining for producing the inner contour of the workpiece 16 . the shown Axialprofilrohrwalzen and, for example, another Walzeneinstechen for separating the workpiece 16 from the pipe body 18 , can be run together in a single machine. For example, a tool changer may be provided, which accommodates both tools for machining and tools for rolling processing. This allows minimal overall machining times to be achieved, and ideally, the tubular body needs 18 , the workpiece first 16 only once to be clamped in order to produce the finished functional body of the door operator in the machining center.

4 shows a modified method for producing annular functional body from a workpiece 16 consisting of two tubular bodies 18 and 19 consists. A first tubular body 18 has an inner diameter, in which a second tubular body 19 , For example, as a loose workpiece composite, is inserted. In this case, between the inside of the first tubular body 18 and the outside of the second tubular body 19 a clearance fit or a transition fit may be provided and, for example, the tubular bodies 18 and 19 be added by hand.

Be the profile rollers 15 according to the arrows shown respectively against the workpiece 16 delivered, so can first the outside of the first tubular body 18 with a rolled profile 22 be provided, but at the same time there is also a pressing of the first tubular body 18 with the second tubular body 19 , The composite material produced in this way can advantageously form a functional body of a door operator, which, as exemplified in 5 shown a housing ring 25 has, which is made of a steel material, and a sliding ring 26 which is made of a non-ferrous metal. The inside of the first tubular body 18 can without geometric fit with the outside of the second tubular body 19 be pressed so that a frictionally based composite material is formed.

5 shows an example of a functional body 10 that has a bearing housing 10 for rotatably receiving a closer shaft 20 in a door operator 1 can form. The closer shaft rotates 20 inside the sliding ring 26 , which may be formed of a sliding bearing material, in particular of a non-ferrous metal. The sliding ring 26 surrounding housing ring 25 can consist of a higher-strength material, such as a steel material. Both rings 25 and 26 can also be positively connected to each other by pressing force-locking or by forming in their joint joint zone, wherein the connection between the two rings 25 . 26 may have been generated by the invention Axialprofilrohrwalzen.

That on the outside of the case ring 25 introduced rolled profile 22 can thereby through the profile rollers 15 in the method according to 4 be prepared. A further example is a sealing ring 27 , shown as O-ring seal, in an inner contour in the housing ring 25 introduced, and the inner contour can, for example, by a machining of the housing ring 25 be prepared.

6 shows an example of an embodiment of a door operator 1 with a housing 14 , and in the door operator 1 are functional bodies 12 . 13 shown as part of the Türbetätigermechanik. In addition to a bearing housing 10 for rotatably receiving a closer shaft 20 can the functional body 12 . 13 thus also a pressure roller 12 . 13 form, exemplified with a cam body 21 interacts. In the case 14 is a closer spring 31 introduced, which has a closer piston 29 the pressure roller 12 against a cam body 21 suppressed. The pressure roller forms 12 the operative connection between the mechanical clamping unit 33 of the door operator 1 and the cam body 21 which can be part of the closer shaft. Also shown is a pressure roller 13 , which is part of a hydraulic damper unit 32 is, and the pressure roller 13 also works with the contour of the cam body 21 together. The housing 14 is end with locking screws 28 closed, the example also an annular functional body of the door operator 1 can form and which can be made with a Axialprofilrohrwalzen.

7 shows a further partial view of a door operator 1 with a housing 14 , and in the door operator 1 is a closer shaft 20 around a striker shaft axis 34 rotatably mounted.

8th shows a first embodiment of a functional body 10 through a cross section through the door operator 1 according to the section line BB in 7 acting as a bearing housing 10 is executed and, for example, the functional body 10 according to 5 can correspond. Through two bearing housings 10 is the closer shaft 20 in its Schließerwellenachse 34 rotatable in the housing 14 stored, and the bearing housing 10 have to withstand great mechanical forces. The bearing housing 10 has only on the outside a rolled profile, but there is the bearing housing 10 exemplarily from the housing ring 25 and the slip ring 26 as already related to this 5 are described so that the bearing housing 10 can be prepared according to a method for Axialprofilrohrwalzen with coaxially arranged first and second tubular bodies 18 and 19 according to 4 ,

9 Finally, shows a still further embodiment of a door operator 1 according to the section line BB, and another embodiment of a bearing housing 11 serves for the rotatable mounting of a closer shaft 20 around a striker shaft axis 34 in the case 14 of the door operator 1 , The bearing housing shown 11 is executed in one piece, but has both on the inside and on the outside of a rolled profile.

The invention is not limited in its execution to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment. Rather, a number of variants is conceivable, which makes use of the illustrated solution even with fundamentally different types of use. Any features and / or advantages resulting from the claims, the description or the drawings, including constructive details or spatial arrangements, can be essential to the invention, both individually and in the most diverse combinations. In particular, the inventive use of Axialprofilrohrwalzens for producing annular functional body 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 as part of the Türbetätigermechanik in a door operator 1 not on the embodiments of the bearing housing 10 . 11 and the pressure rollers 12 . 13 limited. Other functional body can run rings in other door actuators 1 form, for example, door operator 1 which have an electro-mechanical or electro-hydraulic functional principle. Particularly advantageously, the Axialprofilrohrwalzen is applicable when the functional body is exposed to high mechanical loads and in a further, particularly advantageous manner, the Axialprofilrohrwalzen can be used to both a rolled section 22 in the outer surface or in the inner surface of the functional body 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 and at the same time two tubular bodies 18 . 19 to connect with each other.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

door actuators

10

Functional body, bearing housing

11

Functional body, bearing housing

12

Functional body, pressure roller

13

Functional body, pressure roller

14

casing

15

profile rolls

16

workpiece

17

rolling mandrel

18

first tubular body

19

second tubular body

20

closer shaft

21

cam body

22

rolled section

23

roll axis

24

Workpiece axis

25

housing ring

26

sliding ring

27

seal

28

Screw

29

NO piston

30

Federverstellbolzen

31

closer spring

32

hydraulic damper unit

33

mechanical clamping unit

34

Closer shaft axis

Claims (10)

Method for producing annular functional bodies ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ) of a door operator ( 1 ) for actuating a door, wherein the door operator ( 1 ) a housing ( 14 ), in which the functional bodies ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ), characterized in that the method for producing the functional body ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ) comprises at least the step of Axialprofilrohrwalzens. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method with at least two opposing profile rollers ( 15 ) is carried out on the workpiece ( 16 ) to form the functional body ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ) are delivered against each other. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method with a rolling mandrel ( 17 ), wherein the starting material for forming the functional body ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ) by at least one Rohrköper ( 18 . 19 ), in which the rolling mandrel ( 17 ) is introduced. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the Axialprofilrohrwalzen comprises a roller piercing step, through which the workpiece ( 16 ) of the provided tubular body ( 18 . 19 ) is at least partially separated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the Axialprofilrohrwalzen the workpiece ( 16 ) is rolled to a close to final shape, so that after the Axialprofilrohrwalzen as a further process step, a machining manufacturing process is performed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as starting material for forming the functional body ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ) a first ( 18 ) and at least one second tubular body ( 19 ) is provided in a coaxial composite material. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional body ( 10 . 11 ) is formed by the Axialprofilrohrwalzen so that this the bearing housing ( 10 . 11 ) of a closer shaft ( 20 ) of the door operator ( 1 ). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional body ( 12 . 13 ) is formed by the Axialprofilrohrwalzen so that this is a pressure roller ( 12 . 13 ) for operative connection with a cam body ( 21 ). Door operator ( 1 ) for actuating a door with an annular functional body ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ), wherein the door operator ( 1 ) a housing ( 14 ), in which the functional body ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ), and wherein the functional body ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ) at least one bearing housing ( 10 . 11 ) for supporting a closer shaft ( 20 ) and / or a pressure roller ( 12 . 13 ) for operative connection with a cam body ( 21 ), characterized in that the functional body ( 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 ) is made at least by the method of Axialprofilrohrwalzens. Door operator ( 1 ) according to claim 9, prepared by a method according to any one of claims 2 to 8.

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