EP1909990B1 - Method and device for producing metal rings - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and an arrangement for producing rings from a metallic material are provide, wherein the rings are provided with an axially continuous inner profile at an inner circumference, and with a radial outer profile at an outer circumference. The method can include: providing a tube having a tube section from which rings are to be produced; forming an inner profile of the tube section by swaging, wherein a first profile mandrel is arranged in the tube, an outer profile of the mandrel corresponds to the inner profile of the rings to be formed, and the tube section is processed from outside by a swaging tool; and forming a radial outer profile to by rolling.

Description

The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for producing rings from a tube made of a metallic material, wherein the rings are provided on the inner circumference with an axially continuous inner profile and on the outer circumference with a radial outer profile.

Such a method is known, for example from the DE 102 19 441 Cl , The method described in this document is used for the production of internally and / or externally profiled rings, in particular of rolling bearing rings and gear rings, in a complete ready-to-sand state of tube or solid material. A radial outer profile should be produced by radial-axial profile tube rollers. In this case, a pipe section is machined from the outside with a rolling tool. The resulting flow of material is influenced by a counter-pressure tool which acts in the axial direction on the machined pipe section. As a result, the flow of material in the axial and radial directions is controllable, so that the evasive material can be included in the formation of the profile.

For example, for producing synchronizer rings, a radial inner profile can be formed at the same time. In the production of sliding sleeves is proposed to produce the necessary internal toothing (axial profiling) by cutting in a separate operation, after the Außenkontor has been completely rolled ready for grinding.

Against the above background, it is the object of the invention to provide an improved method for producing rings of a metallic material, starting from pipe material, wherein in particular the axial profiling should be easier to produce.

1. a) Bereitstellen eines Rohres, das einen Rohrabschnitt aufweist, aus dem die Ringe herzustellen sind;
2. b) Ausbilden des Innenprofils des Rohrabschnittes durch Kneten, wobei in dem Rohr ein erster Profildorn angeordnet ist, dessen Dornaußenprofil dem zu bildenden Innenprofil der Ringe entspricht, und wobei der Rohrabschnitt von außen mit einem Knetwerkzeug bearbeitet wird; und
3. c) Ausbilden des radialen Außenprofils, und zwar durch Walzen.

This object is achieved on the one hand by a method for producing rings of a metallic material, which are provided on the inner circumference with an axially continuous inner profile and on the outer circumference with a radial outer profile, with the following steps:

1. a) providing a pipe having a pipe section from which the rings are to be made;
2. b) forming the inner profile of the pipe section by kneading, wherein in the tube, a first profile mandrel is arranged, the outer profile of the mandrel corresponding to the forming inner profile of the rings, and wherein the pipe section is machined from the outside with a kneading tool; and
3. c) forming the radial outer profile, by rolling.

• einer Knetvorrichtung zum Ausbilden des Innenprofils, wobei die Knetvorrichtung einen ersten Profildorn aufweist, der in dem Rohr angeordnet ist und dessen Dornaußenprofil dem zu bildenden Innenprofil der Ringe entspricht, und wobei die Knetvorrichtung ein Knetwerkzeug aufweist, das den Rohrabschnitt von außen bearbeitet, um einen innen profilierten Rohrabschnitt zu bilden; und
• einer nachgeordneten Walzvorrichtung zum Bilden des Außenprofils.

In the same way, the above object is achieved by an arrangement for producing rings from a metallic tool, in particular for carrying out the above-mentioned method, with

• a kneading device for forming the inner profile, wherein the kneading device comprises a first profile mandrel which is arranged in the tube and the mandrel outer profile corresponds to the inner profile of the rings to be formed, and wherein the kneading device comprises a kneading tool, which processes the pipe section from the outside to an inside profiled pipe section to form; and
• a downstream rolling device for forming the outer profile.

In the method according to the invention and the manufacturing arrangement according to the invention, the axial inner profile of the rings can be produced significantly cheaper, namely by kneading. Since the metallic material used to produce the rings must be able to flow within limits anyway because of the rolling process used for producing the radial outer profile, the kneading method for producing the axial inner profile is generally applicable.

The term kneading is to be understood broadly herein and is intended to include all similar and alternative methods in which material is intermittently pressed into the profile of the profile mandrel by radial and / or axial pressure. Finally, it has been found that the axial inner profile produced in this way is surprisingly not or only very slightly influenced in the subsequent rolling step for producing the radial outer profile, so that in the best case a reworking of the axial inner profile after the rolling step is not required.

The rings according to the invention may in particular be sliding sleeves or coupling bodies, as used in transmissions.

The task is thus completely solved.

In the case of the production method according to the invention, it is preferred in an alternative embodiment if the individual rings are separated from the internally profiled pipe section before the rolling step c).

In this embodiment, it is advantageous that, in the rolling step, the material flow may optionally be controllable from both axial sides close to the rolling tool.

In an alternative embodiment, the rolling step c) is preferably carried out on the inside profiled pipe section, wherein finished rings are subsequently separated.

Here, the handling is advantageous because a large number of items only arises when the rings are completed.

Further, it is advantageous if the tube is moved in the kneading step b) relative to the kneading tool in the axial direction.

In this embodiment, the axial inner profile can be formed in a continuous operation on the pipe section. Alternatively, it is of course also conceivable that the kneading tool moves relative to the tube.

Further, it is advantageous if the mandrel outer profile of the first profile mandrel is shorter than the length of the pipe section, wherein the first profile mandrel is floating and wherein the pipe section is moved in the kneading step b) in the axial direction relative to the first profile mandrel.

With this embodiment it is achieved that the length of the tube section, on which the axial inner profile is formed in one piece, can be made comparatively long, for example 50 to 70 cm. However, it is also conceivable to make the pipe section even longer, for example 2 m or more (theoretically infinite).

In comparison with other methods, the utilizable portion of an outlet tube can thus be significantly increased since the length of the profiled tube section becomes greater in relation to the length of the clamping of the tube, which is usually necessary.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the first profile mandrel is supported in the kneading step b) in the axial direction and thus remains substantially stationary with respect to the kneading tool.

Although the profile mandrel is floating here. However, in order to avoid jamming, a support can take place in the axial direction, preferably in the direction of movement of the pipe section relative to the first profile mandrel.

It is particularly advantageous if in the rolling step c) a second profile mandrel is arranged in the pipe section or ring.

By arranging the second profile mandrel whose outer profile corresponds to the already produced axial inner profile of the pipe section or ring, the rolling step can be carried out without a material flow affecting the integrity of the already produced inner profile.

It goes without saying that it may still be necessary after the rolling step to carry out a reworking of the axial inner profile. In a preferred embodiment, however, no post-processing is necessary, at least no post-machining.

In a further embodiment of the production method according to the invention, it is advantageous if in the rolling step c) an axial counterforce is generated on the pipe section or the ring, against the flow direction of the material produced by the rolling tools, so as to increase the material flow in the axial and / or or radial direction to control.

In this embodiment, it can be achieved that, during the rolling of the radial outer profile, radial elevations arise which are beyond the outer diameter of the unrolled tube go out. In other words, if necessary, a material flow can be generated radially outward, so as to form a radial outer profile with comparatively large differences between the maximum and minimum outer diameter with as little influence as possible on the already produced axial inner profile.

Although the above-mentioned manufacturing method in which the first profile mandrel is shorter than the axially profiled pipe section is preferred, it is also possible according to a further alternative embodiment that the mandrel outer profile of the first profile mandrel is about as long or at least as long as the pipe section, wherein the first profile mandrel in the kneading step b) is moved in the axial direction together with the tube or moves relative to the kneading tool.

In this embodiment, the axial inner profile is made by external kneading tools by a material flow is generated in the radial outer profile of the profile mandrel inside. However, in this embodiment, no relative speed between the profile mandrel and the pipe section is present, so that the manufacturing accuracy can be very high.

In the alternative method, in which the profile mandrel is mounted floating, it is theoretically conceivable that the shape of the radial inner profile after kneading on the profile mandrel still slightly changed, especially if the feed rate is not optimally adjusted.

In the manufacturing arrangement according to the invention it is preferred according to the first alternative, when the mandrel outer profile of the first profile mandrel is shorter than the length of the pipe section, wherein the first profile mandrel is floatingly mounted with respect to the tube.

In the rolling device, a counterpressure tool is preferably provided, which has a contact section, by means of which an axial counterforce on the pipe section or the ring against the flow direction caused by the rolling tools of the material can be generated, so as to the flow of material in the axial and / or radial To control direction.

The counter-pressure tool is preferably formed integrally with the second profile mandrel.

In the manufacturing arrangement according to the invention, a separating device is furthermore preferably provided for separating individual rings from the pipe section.

This may be a separate device, for example, a turning tool or milling tool, grinding tool, saw, etc. for radial parting of the individual tubes.

The separating device can be arranged in front of the rolling device in order to supply the rolling device in this way individual, profiled only on the inner circumference rings.

Alternatively, however, the separating device may also be arranged on or after the rolling device in order to separate one ring from the pipe section, which is finished profiled both on the inner circumference and on the outer circumference.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Figur 1

ein zylindrisches Rohr aus metallischem Werkstoff, das als Ausgangswerkstück für das erfindungsgemäße Herstellungsverfahren geeignet ist;

Figur 2

eine schematische Längsschnittansicht durch eine Knetvorrichtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungs- anordnung;

Figur 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines in der Knetvor- richtung der Figur 2 gefertigten Rohrabschnittes mit axialem Innenprofil;

Figur 4

eine schematische Längsschnittansicht durch eine Walzvorrichtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungs- anordnung;

Figur 5

eine schematische Längsschnittansicht durch eine alternative Form einer Walzvorrichtung einer erfin- dungsgemäßen Herstellungsanordnung;

Figur 6

eine schematische Längsschnittansicht durch eine alternative Ausführungsform einer Knetvorrichtung für eine erfindungsgemäße Herstellungsanordnung;

Figur 7

eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäß hergestell- ten Kupplungskörper; und

Figur 8

eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie VIII-VIII der Figur 7.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:

FIG. 1

a cylindrical tube of metallic material which is suitable as the starting workpiece for the manufacturing method according to the invention;

FIG. 2

a schematic longitudinal sectional view through a kneading device of a manufacturing arrangement according to the invention;

FIG. 3

a perspective view of one in the kneading of the FIG. 2 manufactured pipe section with axial inner profile;

FIG. 4

a schematic longitudinal sectional view through a rolling device of a manufacturing arrangement according to the invention;

FIG. 5

a schematic longitudinal sectional view through an alternative form of a rolling device of a manufacturing arrangement according to the invention;

FIG. 6

a schematic longitudinal sectional view through an alternative embodiment of a kneading apparatus for a manufacturing arrangement according to the invention;

FIG. 7

a plan view of an inventively produced coupling body; and

FIG. 8

a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7 ,

In FIG. 1 is a cylindrical tube as the starting workpiece for the manufacturing method according to the invention generally designated 10. The output tube 10 is unprofiled on both the inner periphery and the outer periphery, and is made of a metallic material capable of being processed in a kneader and a rolling device. The metallic material is in any case limited flowable, it being understood that the material may be heated during processing.

The tube 10 is to be formed in the manufacturing process according to the invention in a plurality of rings, which have on its inner circumference an axial inner profile and on its outer periphery a radial outer profile, in particular shift sleeves for transmission.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view through a kneading device 12 of a manufacturing arrangement according to the invention.

The kneading device 12 has, in a manner known per se, a kneading tool 14 with kneading jaws 16, which act on the tube 10 radially from the outside.

The kneading device 12 is used to provide on the output tube 10 an axial internal profiling, for example in the form of a toothing.

For this purpose, a first profile mandrel 20 is mounted in the kneading device 12.

The profile mandrel 20 has a comparatively short section in the axial direction with a mandrel outer profile 22. The outer mandrel profile 22 corresponds in shape to the inner profile to be provided on the tube 10.

Furthermore, the first profile mandrel 20 has a cone section 24, which is arranged in the axial feed direction 26 in front of the mandrel outer profile.

In the kneading process, a certain diameter reduction of the output tube 10 and the cone portion 24 is adapted at its axial front end to the inner circumference of the output tube 10, whereas the cone portion is adapted at its rear end to the - reduced - diameter of the mandrel outer profile 22.

The first profile mandrel 20 is floating within the tube 10, so remains substantially stationary with respect to the kneading tool 14. In the axial direction 26, the tube 10 is supplied with respect to the kneading device 12. This takes place within the kneading tool 14, the profiling of the inner circumference of the tube 10. The first profile mandrel 20 can be supported in the axial direction of an optional support means 27, in particular to avoid jamming or the like.

In the kneading device 12, a pipe section 28 of the tube 10 is provided with the axial inner profile, wherein the pipe section 28 has a significantly greater length than the mandrel outer profile 22 of the first mandrel outer profile. For example, the pipe section 28 may have a length of 50 or 60 cm, possibly even a length of 2 m or more (theoretically infinite).

From the output tube can thus be profiled a predominant part (the pipe section 28). Only at one or both ends of the tube 10 is usually due to a clamping no or an unusable profiling provided.

FIG. 3 shows a tube section 30 produced in the kneading device 12, which is formed with an axial inner profile 32.

The internally profiled tube section 30 can now be supplied to produce a radial outer profile of a rolling device. Alternatively, it is also possible to separate from the internally profiled pipe section 30 individual, internally profiled rings 36, for example by means of a schematically in FIG. 3 The severing device 34 shown. The separation can be done for example by parting off or the like.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view through a rolling device 40 of a manufacturing arrangement according to the invention.

The rolling device 40 is downstream of the kneading device 12. In the rolling device 40, an internally profiled pipe section 30 is used as the starting workpiece. On the internally profiled tube 30, a radial outer profile of a ring to be produced is rolled, wherein subsequently the thus completed ring is separated from the internally profiled tube 30, for example by means of a separating device 34a, the in FIG. 4 also indicated schematically.

Subsequently, a further portion of the internally profiled pipe section 30 can be rolled to produce a further ring, which is then separated again.

The rolling apparatus 40 may basically be constructed and operated as described in the document DE 102 19 441 Cl is described.

The rolling apparatus 40 has at least two rolling rollers 42, which are rotatable about axes in a rolling motion 44, wherein the axes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the clamped pipe section 30.

Further, the rolling rollers 42 each exert a radial pressure on the pipe section 30, as indicated schematically at 44.

The tube section 30 is clamped at one end by means of a chuck 46 and is rotated about the chuck 46 about its longitudinal axis, as shown schematically at 48.

Opposite the document DE 102 19 441 C1 However, it is different that the pipe section 30 has an axial inner profile 32, which during the rolling process as little, ideally not at all, is impaired.

For this purpose, a second profile mandrel 50 is provided in the rolling device 40. The second profile mandrel 50 has a first section with an outer profile 52, which corresponds to the axial inner profile of the pipe section 30.

Further, the second profile mandrel 50 has a contact portion 54 whose diameter is greater than that of the outer profile 52. The contact portion 54 is in the axial direction at the free end of the pipe section 30 at. The profile mandrel 50 is also movable in the axial direction, as indicated schematically at 56. Therefore, the second profile mandrel 50 is simultaneously formed as a counter pressure tool and adapted to exert on the rolled portion an axial force which is adapted to control the material flow, in the axial direction, as shown at 58, and in the radial direction as shown at 59.

In the rolling device 40, a radial outer profile 62 is consequently produced by the rolling machining of a section of the internally profiled tube section 30, namely the radial outer profile for each ring (or alternatively simultaneously for a plurality of rings). After the rolling processing, the thus completed ring 60 is cut off, by means of the separating device 34a shown schematically.

By exerting an axial pressure on the pipe section 30 during the rolling process, the material flow can be controlled in the axial and / or radial direction, in the end result, a radial outer profile 62 can be generated, the outer circumference may be partially larger than the outer circumference of the only profiled inside Pipe section 30.

In the illustrated embodiment, the axially on the inner circumference and radially profiled on the outer circumference ring 60 may be used for example as a shift sleeve for a motor vehicle transmission.

FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a rolling device 40 '.

The rolling device 40 'corresponds to the structure and operation of the rolling device 40 of the FIG. 4 , In this case, it is merely the case that the rolling device 40 'is designed to roll internally profiled rings 36 which have been separated in advance from an internally profiled tube section 30 (cf. FIG. 3 ).

On the side of the ring opposite the abutment portion 54 ', another counterpressure tool 66 may be provided which is axially movable, as shown at 68. This allows the ring to be influenced from both sides to control the material flow.

FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a kneader 12 'for producing an internally profiled pipe section 30'.

The kneading device 12 'corresponds in terms of structure and operation of the kneading device 12 of FIG. 2 , In the following, only differences will be discussed.

In the kneading apparatus 12 ', the first profile mandrel 20' has a section with a mandrel outer profile 22 ', which corresponds in its length to the pipe section 30' to be formed.

The first profile mandrel 20 'is clamped in a clamping device 70, which is fed together with the tube 10 in the axial direction 26 of the kneading tool 14'.

Accordingly, in the kneading device 12 ', a pipe section 30' is kneaded with an axial inner profile whose length corresponds approximately to the length of the mandrel outer profile 22 'of the first profile mandrel 20'.

It can be seen that in this case compared to the method with floating first profile mandrel 20 (FIG. FIG. 2 ) a certain portion of the output tube 10 (at the ends) is not usable and must be separated before the pipe section 30 can be fed to a further processing.

In the FIGS. 7 and 8 a coupling body 80 produced according to the method according to the invention is shown.

According to the invention, the coupling body 80 is formed with an axial inner profile 32 '' and with a radial outer profile 62 '' The axial inner profile 32 '' is used for sliding onto a corresponding toothing of, for example, a loose wheel of a transmission the coupling body 80 can be fixed well to the idler gear, for example by welding. The radial outer profile 62 '' therefore comprises a radial flange portion.

On the coupling body 80, an external toothing region 82 is further formed, on which an external toothing is still formed, into which the internal toothing of a sliding sleeve can be inserted in order to produce a positive connection between the coupling body (and thus the idler gear connected to the coupling body 80) and a transmission shaft. on which the shift sleeve axially displaceable, but rotationally fixed, is mounted.

Claims (16)

1. Method for producing rings (60) from a metallic material, which are provided on the inner circumference with an axially continuous internal profile (32) and on the outer circumference with a radial external profile (62), comprising the steps:

   a) providing a tube (10), which has a tube section (28) from which the rings (60) are to be produced;

   b) forming the internal profile (32) of the tube section (28) by swaging, a first profile mandrel (20) being arranged in the tube (10), the mandrel external profile (22) corresponding to the internal profile (32) of the rings to be formed, and the tube section (28) being processed from outside with a swaging tool (14); and

   c) forming the radial external profile (62) of at least one ring (60), specifically by rolling.
2. Production method according to Claim 1, the individual rings (36) being separated from an internally profiled tube section (30) before the rolling step c).
3. Production method according to Claim 1, the rolling step c) being carried out on an internally profiled tube section (30) and the rings (60) finished in this way subsequently being separated.
4. Production method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, the tube (10) being moved in the axial direction (26) relative to the swaging tool (14) in the swaging step b).
5. Production method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, the mandrel external profile (22) of the first profile mandrel (20) being shorter than the length of the tube section (28), the first profile mandrel (20) being supported in a floating manner, and the tube section (28) being moved in the axial direction (26) relative to the first profile mandrel (20) in the swaging step b).
6. Production method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, the first profile mandrel (20) being supported in the axial direction (27) in the swaging step b) and thus remaining substantially stationary in relation to the swaging tool (14).
7. Production method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, a second profile mandrel (50) being arranged in the tube section (30) or ring (36) in the rolling step c).
8. Production method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, an axial counter-force (56) counter to the direction of flow of the material being produced on the tube section (30) or the ring (36) in the rolling step c), in order to control the material flow (58, 59) in the axial and/or radial direction.
9. Production method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, the mandrel external profile (22') of the first profile mandrel (20') being approximately as long as the tube section (28), and the first profile mandrel (20') together with the tube (10) being moved in the axial direction (26) in the swaging step b).
10. Arrangement for producing rings (60) from a metallic material from a tube (10), the rings (60) being provided on the inner circumference with an axially continuous internal profile (32) and on the outer circumference with a radial external profile (62), in particular for implementing the method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, comprising:

    - a swaging device (12) for forming the internal profile (32), the swaging device (12) having a first profile mandrel (20), which is arranged in the tube (10) and the mandrel external profile (22) of which corresponds to the internal profile (32) of the rings (60) to be produced, and the swaging device (12) having a swaging tool (14), which processes the tube section (28) from outside in order to form an internally profiled tube section (30); and

    - a rolling device (40) arranged downstream for forming the external profile (62).
11. Production arrangement according to Claim 10, the mandrel external profile (22) of the first profile mandrel (20) being shorter than the length of the tube section (28) and the first profile mandrel (20) being supported in a floating manner in relation to the tube (18).
12. Production arrangement according to Claim 10 or 11, the rolling device (40) having a second profile mandrel (50), the mandrel external profile (52) of which corresponds to the internal profile (32) produced in the tube section (30) and which, during the formation of the external profile (62), is pushed into the internally profiled tube section (30) or ring (36).
13. Production arrangement according to Claim 12, the second profile mandrel (50) being formed as an axially displaceable mating compression tool (50), which has a contact section (54) by means of which an axial counter-force (56) counter to the direction of flow of the material can be produced on the tube section (30) or the ring (36), in order to control the material flow (58, 59) in the axial and/or radial direction.
14. Production arrangement according to one of Claims 10 to 13, comprising a separating device (34) for separating individual rings (36, 60) from the tube section.
15. Production arrangement according to Claim 14, the separating device (34) being arranged before the rolling device (40).
16. Production arrangement according to Claim 14, the separating device (34a) being arranged on or after the rolling device (40).

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