DE102006058562A1 - Coating device for serially coating workpieces with different shades comprises a separate color changer containing color valves to which are connected color lines for the coating material - Google Patents

Abstract

Coating device comprises a separate color changer (12) containing color valves to which are connected color lines (14) for the coating material. The color lines have a common outlet (15). The color changer is connected to a dosing device (10) or to a container of the dosing device parallel to further color lines (13). Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) Device with a container for the above coating container; and (2) Application device for coating material. Preferred Features: The color lines (13) run up to the dosing device or are connected to a line running into the dosing device.

Description

The The invention relates to a coating device for serial coating of workpieces with different colors as well as a piston dispenser which can be used for this purpose.

For example, these are the series finishing of vehicle bodies and their parts with electrostatic or other atomizers including Rotationszerstäubern, air atomizers, etc., which apply the coating material using a metering device. With the term dosing device used here are preferably volumetric dosing devices such. B. gear pumps or piston dispenser, which can be driven by a controllable motor so that during the coating applied by the atomizer amount of material (instantaneous flow) can be changed depending on the demand, for example, depending on the particular workpiece area and other parameters, such. In EP 1 314 483 A2 or DE 691 03 218 T2 is explained. The volumetric metering typically occurs by controlling the speed of a gear pump or the piston speed of a piston meter.

Instead of this volumetric dosage can z. B. according to EP 1 287 900 A2 also a color pressure regulator or according to EP 1 346 775 A1 serve the main needle valve of the atomizer as an actuator of a control circuit for controlling the amount of ink or effluent rate and thus as a metering device.

It is known to install metering devices in the atomizer, z. B. off EP 1 502 658 A1 . DE 101 15 463 A1 . DE 101 36 720 A1 or DE 695 10 130 T2 ,

If an atomizer coating material with a large, but for example, by a loop system limited number of shades and apply a color change in the shortest possible time, usually referred to as a color changer color change valve assemblies in block design (ie as a mechanical unit) are used, the numerous color inputs on connect a central channel with the color output leading to the atomizer. Due to their usual modular design, they are easily adaptable to different numbers of selectable colors. Typical modular color changers for wet paint are for example off DE 198 36 604 and DE 198 46 073 A1 while a basically similar color changer for powder coating in the DE 601 03 281 T2 is described. The rinsing of color changers, for example, deals with the DE 199 51 956 A1 ,

If only a few colors are required, it is also possible to install a color changer with a downstream metering device in the atomizer ( EP 1 502 658 A1 ) to be rinsed in a color change path from the color changer to the application organ such. B. shorten the bell cup of a rotary atomizer. For this one has endeavored to construct special space-saving color changer ( EP 1 502 659 B1 ), which is particularly important when color changer in two-way design are required, which are known to have common color supply lines and are connected to the application organ on separate color stretches. A disadvantage of such systems, the small, limited by the footprint of the color changer and leading into the atomizer color lines number wählba rer hues. Instead of one of the usual color changer, so a modular color change block with the colors common output channel, you can also use the colors z. B. of ring lines through each leading into the atomizer color hose directly through the atomizer located in the color valves the application organ, with each of these colors its own metering device can be provided and the possibility exists, a larger number of rarely needed colors (so-called low-runner ) via an external color changer, as in the German patent application 10 2006 022 570.8 from 15.05.2006 is described, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated into the present description. The number of selectable frequently required colors (high-runner) is also limited here by the space available in the atomizer, the implementation of the paint tubes by the hand axis of the painting robot and the upstream of dosing devices by the space required for their cultivation on the robot.

The Advantage of an unlimited number of applicable colors offer special color supply systems where the colors are not come from ring lines, but generated in a color mixing room and a color changer to the atomizer be directed. However, these systems are relatively expensive and have higher compared to loop systems Color change losses.

As has already been mentioned, color changers are common in paint shops because, as is well known, they allow rapid changeover from one color to another during the paint shop. But they have the principal disadvantage of unavoidable loss of color when flushing the more or less large central channel at each color change. After optimizing the loss of color in example gemulchten hoses, dosing devices, etc., the color changer often represents the element of the coating system with the largest single loss. The color change loss is the greater, depending greater the cross section of the central channel is selected to be able to guide greater amounts of ink in a shorter time through the color changer, as it may be desired for various reasons (special color supplies, container technology, higher paint amounts, shorter cycle times of successive workpieces, higher viscosities, etc.). In addition, the color change losses increase with the number of connected colors and the resulting length of the central channel, so that the number of hues often has to be limited undesirable.

In order to avoid the color change losses in the usual color changers, working color change systems were developed according to the docking principle, in which the provided for the different shades color lines with mechanically movable valve elements to a line leading to the atomizer can be coupled ( EP 1 245 295 A2 . DE 100 64 065 A1 or DE 601 11 607 T2 ). Although these color interfaces can be compared to the usual color changers achieve a color savings (typically about 10 ml with each color change), but they have several practical disadvantages such as complex motion control to start the Ankuppelpositionen, high maintenance requirements, flushing the interface, drying of paint on the Interface, leaks, etc.

A relatively good solution to the problem of reducing color losses in a color change is the in the EP 1 502 657 A2 achieved color shifter described, the central channel is divided into independently rinsable sections, wherein the often required high-runner colors, ie the colors are connected with high consumption volume at the front end located at the color output, while rare at the rear, the color output facing away required colors (low-runner) are connected. While the often needed front section is always flushed independently of the rear section, the less frequently needed section can be flushed together with the other section. Since in a color change is no longer flushed as in conventional color changers always the entire central channel, resulting in lower losses of paint and rinsing liquid. But even these remaining color change losses are undesirable, especially for colors often required.

To The output of color changers is usually a color pressure regulator arranged, which for a form pressure control of a metering pump take care or, as already mentioned above, as an actuator for Color quantity control can serve. The dead space of this color pressure regulator muus be rinsed with every color change.

Based on the described state of the art, such as the name EP 1 502 658 A1 It is an object of the invention to provide a coating device or a piston dispenser for the coating of workpieces, in particular with different frequently required shades that allows a color change with minimal color, detergent and time losses.

These The object is solved by the features of the claims.

For example in the automotive industry are currently limited to to 70 or 80% of the production volume to about 7 shades Or less. By the direct connection this frequently required colors to the metering but according to the invention Color change losses of paint and detergent in the corresponding frequent changes of these high-runner colors and at the same time necessary color change times are reduced to a minimum, without that This includes the total number of selectable shades including numerous rare or low-runner colors, in which color change losses due to the less common color change are less serious, must be limited. If for the high-runner colors, so for the most common required colors or, equivalently, for the Colors with the largest production volume no typical color changer with a to be washed at each color change common central channel is used, also eliminates the typical Color change losses of material and time. In addition, the Color change losses of an external typical color changer for less frequently needed colors lowered, because its length by eliminating the most common required colors is shortened accordingly, if not instead a correspondingly larger Number of selectable colors to be connected.

The least is the color-change loss of the high-runner colors when both the dosing device and the color lines required for these colors are placed in the nebulizer. In direct connection of all color lines to each input of the metering device in a color change only the colors common short way from the metering device to the application organ such. B. the bell cup of a rotary atomizer to be rinsed. Preferably, the associated, controlled by external signals for color selection color valves are directly attached to the metering or built into this, but the color valves could also in the known manner ( EP 1502658 A1 ) Form one of the dosing typical typi color changer with a central color common output channel.

in the It is also possible under the invention, only the metering device to arrange in the atomizer itself, the paint valves for the high-runner colors, however, only in the vicinity of the To grow atomizers, preferably between the atomizer and the wrist of the sprayer moving the atomizer or other programmable motion machine. In this Case runs only one colors common output line the paint valves of these into the metering device in the atomizer, the color valves also in this case a typical color changer can form. Finally, under the Invention the possibility not only the paint valves, but also the metering device outside the atomizer to grow on these, preferably between the wrist and the Atomizers, as in this case the color change losses still relatively low.

In In other cases, the metering device and / or the paint valves, possibly in a conventional color changer, too be arranged away from the atomizer, for example in or on an arm of a coating robot moving the atomizer or other programmable motion machine.

Of the for possibly many, but rarely needed shades provided color changer, however, is always external, so removed arranged by the atomizer, preferably in or on an arm of the coating robot or the like. The losses at a change of colors are the lower, the closer the Color changer is the atomizer, but he can because of his Space requirements and for dynamic and other practical reasons usually not like the high-runner paint valves in or on the Atomizer in front of the wrist of the painting robot ad. like. be arranged, but at most in or on the wrist carrying front robot arm, if not connected to many colors become. Within the scope of the invention this color changer could but also further away from the atomizer, so in the second robotic arm or on a ride (on the so-called axis 7) even outside the painting robot. Color losses during a color change can be, for example, in this case, but also for the high-runner ink supply described here, by the skilled person known additional measures such as in particular the pigging technique in conjunction with pushing back the colors remaining in the line into the supply system ("Reflow") and / or almost complete consumption of each in-line color during application ("pushout") avoid.

Of the Output of external color changer for less frequently needed Colors are preferably the most common parallel to the color lines needed high-runner colors to its own additional Input of the dosing device in or on the atomizer connected. Instead, the output of this color changer but also via a parallel to the metering of the High-runner colors running pipe and its own metering device, located in the atomizer or in largely arbitrary Removal located outside of the atomizer can be connected directly to the atomizer, d. H. usually at the main needle valve.

Preferably, parallel to the external color changer for less frequently required shades, a further matching color changer is provided which is connected to color lines for the same shades. This can avoid unwanted time losses during color change, because during rinsing of a color changer and its output line and during preparation for the next color (possibly including reflow) of the atomizer can be supplied from the other color changer. This alternating ink supply is usually referred to as A / B operation (cf. EP 1314483 A ). The two matching supply branches (A and B) are connected in parallel to each other to the atomizer, in preferred embodiments of the invention described here thus to two inputs of the metering device or otherwise via its own metering device to the main needle valve of the atomizer. A / B operation is also possible for the high-runner ink supply according to the invention, for which then parallel to the arrangement of the metering device and the controlled color valves frequently required color tones a matching further arrangement of a metering device and controlled color valves is provided Here, too, the color valves of the two arrangements are connected to color lines for the same shades. Instead, a single, but designed for alternating operation piston feeder in principle according to EP 1666158 A2 used, that is, a motor-driven piston dispenser with a cylinder whose separate areas through the piston each have a plurality of controlled inputs for the selectable different shades and one connected to the main needle or other output valve of the atomizer controlled output.

The or (for A / B operation) any color changer for less than the z. B. 7 or fewer high-runner colors required colors may conveniently contain at least two line sections, each open into the control of several controlled color valves for coating materials with selectable different shades, and of which at least one line section independently of at least one other Leitungsab cut is flushable, wherein the Line sections are connected by a controlled shut-off valve with each other and / or with an output line of the color changer. Such color changer are in itself from the EP 1502657 A2 Known and allow to reduce the color change losses meaningful further differentiation between different colors often required, with less frequently needed colors are connected to the further away from the color output one line section of the color changer and the other colors at its located at the color output other line section.

If two separate parallel metering devices in the Atomizers or are provided in the vicinity, these dosing devices can also work simultaneously around the application organ two from separate supply lines upcoming components of a coating material such as by name Feed 2-component paints.

According to a particular preferred aspect of the invention, which in some cases may also be useful and advantageous without the above-described feature of a color changer remote from the atomizer for less frequently required colors, the metering device preferably installed or attached in the atomizer or in its vicinity a piston dispenser with a controllable for changing the piston speed during the application dosing drive, for which one of the known from the prior art constructions can be used for this purpose. The piston dispenser according to the invention, however, in contrast to the known constructions not only one or at most (as in the case of the mentioned EP 1666158 ) two inputs, but for each of the selectable frequently required shades at least one input and at least one common for the feedable color materials output. In addition to the low material and time losses during color change, the piston dispenser has particular advantages over gear metering pumps and other metering systems such as better flushability with less flushing effort and the possibility of pressing back the colors (reflow) in the supply system such. B. ring lines directly over the paint valves, without having to be filled for a color changer and the connection between the dispenser and the color changer. Another essential advantage of the piston dispenser is that it does not require a color pressure regulator, for example, in contrast to currently available gear metering pumps, which usually would have to be preceded by a separate color pressure regulator for reasons of metering accuracy for each connected color line. The piston dispenser avoids the disadvantages of pressure regulators such as costs, color losses during color change, space requirements and weight loading of the robot axes.

U. a. for reasons of space and construction, it is particularly useful if the color valves controlled by signals for color selection of the high-runner color lines are attached to the metering device or are structurally integrated into the metering device. Thus, in the case of a piston dispenser, at least the space of the cylinder located on one side of the piston has a plurality of inlets for the color ducts of different colored coating materials, the inlets preferably having valves built into the cylinder or attached to the cylinder, which signals can be selected from signals the piston dispenser can be fed to controllable coating materials. Such a piston dispenser can also be useful and advantageous for itself and independently of the coating device described here, ie also in any other ink supply systems including systems in which the piston dispenser is not located in the atomizer or in its vicinity. The same applies to the above-mentioned double-acting piston dispenser according to the EP 1666158 A2 in which the inputs of the one region of the cylinder intended for the different selectable colors can be on or in the one end of the cylinder and the inlets of the other region can be on or in the opposite front of the cylinder.

embodiments The invention will be explained with reference to the drawing. It demonstrate:

1 a simplified schematic diagram of a coating device according to the invention;

2 a simplified schematic representation of a piston dispenser according to the invention; and

3 schematic representations of three different color changer, which can be used in a coating device according to the invention.

In the 1 illustrated coating device includes a metering device 10 , at the exit 11 the usual main needle valve od. Like. A (not shown) atomizer for colorant such. B. an electrostatic rotary atomizer or air atomizer is connected. The exit 11 is several, in the illustrated example, six color inputs of the metering device 11 together, each having a color selection automatically controlled by the parent control program color valve FV1, FV2, etc. to FV6. The dosing device 10 can in itself be of any kind, that is one of the coating systems known per se metering including Kolbendosierern and Zahnraddosierpumpen or with color printing and color quantity control ar beitenden Systems, etc. Volumetric metering devices and in particular piston dispensers are preferred in the invention.

In the illustrated example, the color valves FV2 to FV6 of the metering device 10 the color lines 13 for the most commonly used in coating operation or high-runner colors (labeled 2 to 6) connected, which can be fed, for example, as spur lines of the usual in coating plants ring lines or even formed as a ring line. One of the paint valves, here FV1, is on the other hand a paint line 15 to the output of an external color changer 12 connected. The color changer 12 can have the above-described conventional modular block design with a central channel at the color valves of the color changer the color lines 14 for less frequently used or low-runner colors are connected. Preferred embodiments of the color changer 12 are below based on 3 described.

As already explained, the dosing device can 10 and / or the paint valves FV1 to FV6 are preferably located in the atomizer or movable with it in its vicinity, in particular between the atomizer and the wrist of a painting robot. As already mentioned, the paint valves are preferably connected to the metering device 10 (Plunger dispenser, metering pump or possibly the measuring cell or the color pressure regulator per se known metering systems, etc.) grown or installed in this. The external color changer 12 On the other hand, it may be located in a location that is supposed to be as close as possible to the atomizer in terms of color change losses, but otherwise is largely arbitrary. For dynamic and space reasons, for example, a location on or in the rear robot arm may be expedient if an arrangement further down can not be realized.

If the metering device by a piston dispenser or a volumetric metering pump z. B. is formed with an electric drive motor, the metering can be outside the metering pump (for example, as after EP 1000667 B ). In particular, however, the metering drive can also be installed in the piston dispenser or in the metering pump.

The ink supply according to the invention is suitable for any atomizer, in particular for electrostatic atomizers, which charge the coating material known to a high voltage potential, for example in the order of 100 kV. In this case, located in the atomizer sensors and actuators including the metering device and its electrical metering drive in operation are at the high voltage potential of the atomizer, as well as possibly provided instead of the usual air turbine electric drive motor of the bell cup, if it is a rotary atomizer , As in detail in the patent application DE 10 2006 045 631.9 from 27.09.2006 is described, the dosing drive lying at high voltage potential and possibly also lying on this potential electric bell cup motor can be supplied by a located at least with its secondary coil assembly in the atomizer isolation transformer with electrical power. The isolation transformer forms between its primary and secondary circuits a high voltage insulation route and thus separates the supplied by him, located in the atomizer consumers including the two motors galvanically leading from the atomizer in the electrical power supply line.

As also mentioned in the DE 10 2006 045 631.9 is described, the control and sensor signals of the actuators and sensors of the atomizer can be transmitted floating in or out of the atomizer, for example, optically or via radio. In this case, in particular, the external signals controlling the metering drive can also be transmitted together with other signals via a common cable or radio link, etc.

According to a special feature, which is also advantageous and realizable independently of the high-runner ink supply described here, the actuation of the usual main needle valve or of any other output or main valve of the atomizer by the at the output ( 11 ) the pressure generated upstream of the main valve metering device can be controlled. The main valve is thus opened by the pressure of the metering device, as soon as and as long as a corresponding pressure is present, and automatically closed in the absence of pressure. The operating principle corresponds to that of a conventional in coating systems color pressure regulator, as he z. B. off DÜRR / BEHR Technical Manual, Introduction to Passenger Car Painting Technology, 04 / 1999-28.04.1999, chap. 5.3.1 Color pressure regulator , or out EP 1 376 289 B1 is known, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated into the disclosure of the present application. Such a color pressure regulator (which need not be a "regulator" in the sense of a closed loop) according to the invention can in principle replace the piston drive conventional main needle valves and its external control, the valve is not opened by control air, but by the color printing itself. Accordingly, the main valve of the atomizer or other application device preferably from a needle valve or also consist of a ball or other valve for the coating material held by spring force in the closed position and by acting against the spring force pressure of the coating material z. B. is opened via a membrane, as soon as this pressure reaches a certain value, which can be set fixed or changeable. In the example considered here, the control input of the main valve is connected to the output of the described metering device. By this (indirect) automation of the main needle control by the metering eliminates the very complex setting of the main needle circuit conventional atomizers whose main needle valve is known to be opened and closed only by external signals of the program control of the coating system (see, eg. EP 1245291 B1 ).

In 2 is schematically a piston dispenser 20 shown, which consists essentially of a cylinder 21 one in the cylinder from the piston rod 22 sliding piston 23 and a metering drive (not shown). The components of the piston dispenser 20 may consist of high voltage reasons of insulating material and to improve the dosing of a ceramic material. The dosing drive can usually contain an electric motor moving the piston rod, which is controlled in a manner known per se such that the instantaneous amount of the applied coating material can be changed as required by changing the piston speed during the coating process. For example, piston dispensers operating on this principle are off EP 1384885 B and WO 93/23173 known.

According to the invention, the piston dispenser 20 however, several, in the illustrated example five color inputs E1 to E5, each having a color valve FV1 'to FV5' and thus to each one of five color lines 13 ' are connected for different high-runner colors. An additional, also provided with a valve VV input E6 is for introducing a detergent serving as a diluent V and also to clean it cylinder 21 serving pulse air PL provided. Furthermore, the cylinder has 21 an output A with an output valve VA, to which a leading to the main needle or outlet valve of the atomizer output line of the piston dispenser is connected.

The color valves FV are preferably on the cylinder bottom 24 attached to the piston dispenser or built into this, as shown by the dashed line 24 ' is indicated. Accordingly, the purge valve VV and / or the output valve FA can be attached or installed.

When the piston dispenser 20 of the 2 as dosing device 10 the basis of 1 described device is used, one of the color inputs such as E1 to E5 of the piston dispenser also (instead of a high-runner color line) to that of an external color changer, so z. B. from the color changer 12 in 1 coming color line for less frequently needed shades be connected. Instead, but could also be the output line of an external color changer, bypassing the piston meter 20 lead to the outlet valve of the atomizer.

In development of the piston dispenser 20 for alternate operation of the piston 23 separate cylinder areas according to EP 1666158 A2 could, for example, in the cylinder bottom 24 opposite cylinder bottom of the piston dispenser a the inputs E1 to E6 and the output A with the associated valves corresponding arrangement may be provided.

The provided in the preferred embodiments of the invention external color changer 12 ( 1 ) for less needed colors could be the in 3 at (a) have shown schematically known design, as for example DE 19836604 A1 . DE 19846073 A1 or DE 19951951 A1 known per se. It consists essentially of color valves for in the illustrated example twenty-four different colors, purge valves for pulse air PL and thinner V and a recirculation valve RF, to the central channel 30a the color changer are connected.

Since the colors connected to the external color changer are in turn required differently often, however, it may be more appropriate to use the external color changer in the EP 1502657 A2 to divide into independently rinsable channel sections known per se. The in 3 at (b) schematically illustrated color changer 12b essentially corresponds to the embodiment according to 2 said EP 1502657 A2 the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated into the present description. The two channel sections are with 30b1 and 30b2 referred to and controlled by the lockable valve 16b connected in series. To the paint valves of the section labeled 1 to 6 30b1 The more commonly used colors are connected to the rest of the color valves in the section 30b2 on the other hand, the less frequently needed colors. This results in practice lower color change losses than in the standard color changer according to 3 (a) ,

The in 3 at (c) shown color changer 12c which essentially follows the embodiment 3 or 4 of the EP 1502657 A2 can correspond, consists of the two parallel channel sections 30c1 and 30c2 , which are the common color, flushing and recirculation valves in common and each with a controlled shut off valve 16c1 respectively. 16c2 are connected to the output line of the color changer. This color changer has in addition to small color change losses special advantages such as relatively small footprint and low weight or a larger number of connectable colors for a given size.

When connected to the two channel sections 30c1 and 30c2 the same colors are connected, the color changer is also suitable for A / B operation. This makes it possible to achieve a consistently short color change time for all selectable colors.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 1314483 A2 [0002]
• - DE 69103218 T2 [0002]
• - EP 1287900 A2 [0003]
• EP 1346775 A1 [0003]
• - EP 1502658 A1 [0004, 0006, 0012, 0015]
• - DE 10115463 A1 [0004]
• - DE 10136720 A1 [0004]
• - DE 69510130 T2 [0004]
• - DE 19836604 [0005]
• DE 19846073 A1 [0005, 0041]
• - DE 60103281 T2 [0005]
• - DE 19951956 A1 [0005]
• - EP 1502659 B1 [0006]
• - DE 102006022570 [0006]
• - DE 15052006 [0006]
• - EP 1245295 A2 [0009]
• DE 10064065 A1 [0009]
• - DE 60111607 T2 [0009]
• - EP 1502657 A2 [0010, 0021, 0042, 0042, 0043]
• - EP 1314483 A [0020]
• - EP 1666158 A2 [0020, 0024, 0040]
• - EP 1666158 [0023]
• - EP 1000667 B [0032]
• - DE 102006045631 [0033, 0034]
• - DE 27092006 [0033]
• - EP 1376289 B1 [0035]
• - EP 1245291 B1 [0035]
• EP 1384885 B [0036]
• WO 93/23173 [0036]
• - DE 19836604 A1 [0041]
• DE 19951951 A1 [0041]

Cited non-patent literature

• - DÜRR / BEHR Technical Manual, Introduction to the Technology of Passenger Car Painting, 04 / 1999-28.04.1999, chap. 5.3.1 Color pressure regulator [0035]

Claims (19)

Coating device for the serial coating of workpieces with different colors, comprising - an atomizer having an application element for the coating material; A dosing device located in particular in the atomizer or in its vicinity, upstream of the application organ (US Pat. 10 . 20 ), with which the instantaneous amount of the applied coating material is controlled controlled during the application; A group of several color lines ( 13 . 13 ' ), the selectable coating materials with relatively frequently required different shades of the application device upstream metering device ( 10 . 20 ), the output ( 11 , A) the metering device ( 10 . 20 ) of the color lines ( 13 . 13 ' ) of the group of common coating materials is common; and by signals for the selection of the coating materials from the paint lines ( 13 . 13 ' ) of the first group of controlled color valves (FV); Characterized by a color changer remote from the atomiser ( 12 ), which contains a plurality of color valves, to the respective color lines ( 14 ) are connected to a second group for coating material with more rarely required shades, and whose color lines ( 14 ) of the second group common output ( 15 ) parallel to the color lines ( 13 . 13 ' ) of the first group at their metering device ( 10 . 20 ) is connected or parallel to this leads to the application organ of the atomizer. Coating device according to claim 1 or according to the preamble thereof, characterized in that the metering device ( 10 ) a piston dispenser ( 20 ), whose drive motor is controllable to change the piston speed during the application, and for each color line ( 13 ' ) of the group has a respective input (E1-E5). Coating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the color lines ( 13 ) of the first group via one color valve (FV) which can be controlled for color selection into the metering device ( 10 . 20 ) or are connected to a common line leading into the metering device. Coating device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the metering device ( 10 . 20 ) and / or the controlled color valves (FV) of the first group of color lines ( 13 . 13 ' ) are arranged in the atomizer or movable with the atomizer are attached to this fixed. Coating device according to claim 4, characterized in that the metering device ( 10 . 20 ) and / or the controlled color valves (FV) of the first group are arranged between the atomizer and a wrist of an atomizer moving coating robot or other programmable motion machine. Coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the color changer ( 12 ) of the second group is arranged in or on an arm of a coating robot or other program-controlled automatic movement moving the atomizer. Coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the color changer ( 12b . 12c ) of the second group at least two line sections ( 30b1 . 30b2 ; 30c1 . 30c2 ), in each of which a plurality of controlled color valves for coating materials with selectable different shades open, and of which at least one line section can be flushed independently of at least one other line section, wherein the line sections by a controlled shut-off valve ( 16b ; 16c1 . 16c2 ) with each other and / or with an output line of the color changer ( 12b . 12c ) are connected. Coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the color valves (FV) controlled by signals for color selection of the color lines of the first group to the metering device ( 10 . 20 ) are grown. Coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electric drive motor of the metering device ( 10 . 20 ) is arranged in the atomizer or fixed to this is grown. Coating device according to one of the preceding claims with an electrostatic atomizer, characterized in that the metering device ( 10 . 20 ) and / or an electrical metering drive are in operation at the high voltage potential of the atomizer, wherein the metering is electrically isolated fed from an arranged in the atomizer or in the vicinity of the isolation transformer, which contains a high-voltage insulation path. Coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the atomizer o in the vicinity of two separate parallel and alternately, optionally or simultaneously operating metering devices ( 10 . 20 ) are provided. Coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekennzeich net, that for A / B operation parallel to the arrangement of the metering device ( 10 . 20 ) and the controlled color valves (FV) of the frequently required shades a corresponding further arrangement of a metering device and controlled color valves and / or parallel to the color changer ( 12 ) of the second group are provided with a matching further color changer, the color valves of the two arrangements or the two color changer are each connected to color lines for the same color tones. Coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metering device ( 10 ) a motor driven piston dispenser ( 20 ) with a cylinder ( 21 ), by the piston ( 23 ) separate areas each have a plurality of controlled inputs (E1-E5) for coating material with selectable different shades and one each connected to the outlet valve of the atomizer controlled output (A). Coating device according to claim 12, characterized in that the inputs (E1-E5) of the one area are located at or in the one end ( 24 ) of the cylinder ( 21 ) and the inputs of the other area at or in the opposite front end of the cylinder ( 21 ) are located. Piston dispenser with a cylinder ( 21 ) in particular for a coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the one side of the piston ( 23 ) located space of the cylinder ( 21 ) has a plurality of inputs (E1-E5) to each of which a color line ( 13 ' ) is connected or connectable to a group of color lines provided for different colored coating materials. Piston doser according to claim 15, characterized in that the inputs (E1-E5) into the cylinder ( 21 ) or to the cylinder ( 21 ) have attached valves (FV), which depend on signals for selecting the piston dispenser ( 20 ) feedable coating materials are controllable. Application device for coating material, in particular Atomizer, for a coating device in particular according to one of claims 1 to 14, With a main valve for the coating material by Spring force held in the closed position and by the acting against the spring force pressure of a control medium to a Control input is opened, characterized, that the control input of the main valve by the pressure of the coating material is charged. Application device according to claim 17, characterized characterized in that the main valve by a pressure of the Coating material loaded membrane is opened. Application device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the control input of the main valve at the exit of a metering device for the coating material connected.