DE102006038089B4 - box truck - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for stacking boxes having stack edges, consisting of
a) an inlet line with first driven rollers (1), which is associated with a transverse slide (2) for lateral displacement of the boxes (3), and
b) second driven rollers (5), which are spaced from each other, between which
c) tines (6) of a lifting fork, which are movable with the aid of a lifting device (7) up and down, wherein
d) laterally three spring-loaded pawls (8) are present, which engage in lifting a layer of four boxes (3), the lower stack edges (9) at the outer ends and their joints (10), wherein the
e) latches (8) abut against lower stops (11),
f) the pawls (8) are inclined in the rest position and at their the crates (3) facing ends wear strips (12) on which the box edges slide when lifting and pivot the pawls (8) against the spring load and wherein
g) the latches (8) ...

Description

The The present invention relates to a crate stacker.

Of the Crate stacker finds use in industries that use plastic crates as a charge carrier and reusable packaging work. Especially in bakeries and butchers these are common.

At a packing station z. B. breads packed in the boxes and then on a shipping pallet (mostly Euro pallet) stacked.

• – Einzelne Turmbildung und Verschieben oder Setzen der Türme auf eine leere Palette,
• – automatische Lagenbildung und Palettierung per Roboter durch Übereinandersetzen der Lagen,
• – Lagenpalettierer mit Lagenbildung auf einem oben angeordneten Lagentisch und Absetzen der Lage, durch das Wegziehen des Lagentisches, auf die darunter befindliche Leerpalette oder auf den bereits vorhandenen Stapel.

Pallets are crated either manually or automatically. For automatic palletizing the following systems are known:

• - Individual towering and moving or setting the towers on an empty pallet,
• Automatic layering and palletizing by robot by stacking the layers,
• Layered palletizer with layering on an overhead layer table and settling the position, by pulling the table, on the underlying empty pallet or on the existing stack.

From your own DE 2 224 280 A a turnstile palletizer is known in which units of packaged objects are rotated by means of a turnstile and put together to desired patterns, in order to convey them off to intermediate shelves, from which they are deposited in layers on pallets. A direct stacking of boxes is not provided.

The DE 2 224 280 A describes a method for stacking boxes, boxes or the like by means of a trained with a lift shaft, wherein on both sides of the hopper horizontally movable fingers are provided which hold the layers when lifting.

From the FR 2 319 554 A a crate stacker is known in which the raised by a fork layers are held with the help of side jaws to spend under this a new layer of boxes. The crates are set down on castors, the lifting is done with lifting forks, which are connected to a horizontal crank mechanism.

The GB 1 220 922 A discloses a device for producing crate stacks with the aid of laterally under the boxes cross-feet, which lift them over impression cylinder to settle them on a newly introduced.

The DD 205 146 A Finally, describes a device for palletizing particular Obststeig. Similar to the GB 1 220 922 Move gripping elements under the boxes and lift them with the help of a lifting cylinder to spend a new box under the raised or the upper (s) are lowered.

These known palletizing require appropriate Place, are usually firmly installed in the building and not local variable.

The The present invention is therefore based on the object, a To create a crate stacker that has a smaller footprint and that allows a mobile use.

These Task is solved with a crate stacker according to the main claim, advantageous Embodiments are given in the subclaims.

The Function of the device according to the invention is the following: first is a box, z. B. a bakery box by hand or over a feeder conveyor brought to the inlet lock and detected by a sensor. If the subsequent feeder for takeover is ready, drives the lock down and the box is handed over to the infeed conveyor and transported to the sliding table. The sliding plate transported the box on a stationary inlet roller conveyor. After the second Sliding stroke is a series of two boxes on the inlet roller conveyor. As soon as the following crate stacker is ready to take over, it switches the electric drive of the inlet roller conveyor and the box row is transported to the truck.

The driven roller conveyor in the truck takes over first Crate Series. In the next bar Follow the second row of boxes directly behind. With two rows of boxes is a complete location (quartet) formed. The driven inner roller conveyor transports the layer to the box end stop. At the end stop the situation is stopped and positioned.

The subsequent Lifting the position is done with a lifting fork. The tines of the lifting fork lie between the rollers of the pallet roller conveyor and in the lower End position below the upper edge of the transport rollers.

Of the Batch process is running as follows from.

The Lifting fork raises a position through the pawls, against the spring force the air spring, the pawls are moved upwards and open the Passage way for the box situation.

Has the hoist reached the upper end position, the pawls are moved with the spring force against the stop in its rest position.

The Lifting fork drives down, the situation is based on the pawls, the ridge edge positioned in the stacking edge of the box, the boxes are supported against each other.

is the next Able to run in, may be the next Start batching.

The Lift fork raises the position against the pawls, against the spring force the air spring, the pawls are moved upwards and open the Passage way for the box situation. At the same time, the stack edges of the two box layers into each other.

After that Lifting fork raises the lower layer through the pawls and opposite the spring force of the air spring, the pawls are moved upwards and open the passageway for the box situation.

Has the hoist reaches the upper end position, the latches with the Spring force moves against the stop in its rest position.

Has the fork reaches the lower position, the stack sits down on the latches on and the next Location can come in.

By several batch files will be the desired stack height reached and the pallet is on the roller conveyor to the folded up first stop under the pile retracted. Then the drives Lift fork up and moves the pallet against the pawls.

opposite the spring force of the air spring are then moved up the pawls, open the passageway for the Pallet and at the same time the stack of boxes sits on the pallet.

At the Pawl system, the function "air spring" is turned off: the air cushion on the piston rod side is vented, the other side with air pressure acted upon and thereby moved the pawl in the upper end position. In this end position, the pawls have the largest opening width and are not more on the pallet or stack.

Ultimately The fork is moved to the lower end position, pallet and box stack have joined the open Pawls moved downwards. The pallet sits on the roller conveyor on and can to the outer roller conveyor exit. In the stacker can be the next Piles are formed.

Of the Pallet transport is done by an electrically driven roller conveyor. At the transfer area is the roller conveyor divided. The low delivery height (about 100 mm) and the free space between the two roller tracks allow retraction with hand pallet truck.

The Advantages of this device are that it is a compact machine is and the footprint of the truck is only slightly larger than the base of a Euro pallet.

The product inlet is at the bottom so that it is possible to arrange the system directly after a packing table.
the delivery height for pallet transport is low, which makes it possible to lift and lower the pallet with a hand pallet truck.

The Entire plant consists of three units with simple mechanical and electrical connectors, thereby the system can quickly a new in-house job site will be brought, what special important in food factories, the seasonal differences in production focus to have.

The Total costs of a plant are significantly lower than many known palletizers.

Based The enclosed figures, the present invention will be explained in more detail.

there demonstrate

1 the functional groups of the device,

2 the box enema and

3 a raised box with a newly delivered such.

In 1 is an inlet conveyor belt in the direction of the functional sequence 20 shown on which boxes 3 on a sliding table 23 with a stop bar 21 be promoted, based on a set of drivable roles 1 located.

With the help of the cross slide 2 becomes the box 3 on the rollers 1 around a box width on the rolls 1 pushed, with the cross slide 2 the next arriving box, as well as the previously moved to a pair on the rolls 1 puts in position. After that, roles become 1 driven and passed the box pair on the rollers 5 , The stop 4 is pivoted down. Another box pair will be on the rolls 1 put together, on the rollers 5 promoted and moves the first box pair on the rollers 5 over the tines 6 , After, as shown, a box quartet over the tines 6 stands, these are using the lifting device 7 raised, after which the next quartet is put together, which then against the first gescho ben, see 2 and 3 , The stop 4 ' Aligns the quartet on the reels 5 ,

The palette is about the roles 17 . 18 against the swung stop 4 ' driven under the pile and raised until the pile rests on this and the pawls 8th ( 2 ) abut the side wall of the pallet. The latches 8th are swung away, after which the pallet is lowered and over the rollers 17 on the roles 18 is driven, which have a wide gap between them to retract here a hand pallet truck, which lifts the pallet from the rollers to spend it for further use.

In 2 is the z. B. driven by a chain roller conveyor 5 shown, over which a box quartet was put together. The roles 5 indicate the penetration of the tines 6 the lifting fork between them corresponding gaps. Laterally over the boxes 3 are the latches 8th at rest as shown against lower stops 11 issue. At the, the boxes 3 facing ends of the pawls 8th are bars 12 , If you lift the box quartet with the help of the zinc fork, the sloping ledges slide 12 on the outer box wall 22 and snap in through the stack edge 9 released level. At this moment, the lifting process is stopped and the zinc fork lowered again, leaving the boxes 3 free on the last 12 rest, these being on the attacks 11 support. There are these bars 12 only provided laterally, namely at the end corners and in the middle across bumps.

The latches 8th be with pneumatic cylinders as air springs 14 actuated. These have in their interior a piston with a reaching to latch rod, the air space above the piston serves as a "spring" and can be pressurized with compressed air to the pawl 8th horizontally, or the strips 12 vertical. In the shown rest position of the pawls 8th can the boxes 3 be retracted, ie the bars 12 are arranged correspondingly higher.

To the bars 12 to put it vertically and so the stack of boxes from the lifting device 7 To be able to move out, the pistons are moved by air supply down. The hub itself happens with the help of the chain 15 and the sprocket 16 ,

In 3 the situation is shown in which the first box quartet on the last 12 resting and the lower quartet is already put together. About the tines 6 this lower quartet is raised so far that the ledges 12 under the stack edges 9 snap in and then hold two layers.

The upper layer 13 gapes slightly in the middle, but stabilizes itself by the abutting upper edges of the boxes 3 ,

1

driven roll

2

cross slide

3

crates

4, 4 '

attack

5

second powered rollers

6

prong

7

lifting device

8th

Klinken

9

lower stacking edges

10

shocks

11

lower attacks

12

Afford

13

Upper location

14

air spring

15

lifting chain

16

Sprocket

17 18

third roll

19

guide rails

20

Infeed conveyor belt

21

stop bar

22

chest wall

Claims (7)

Device for stacking boxes having stack edges, consisting of a) an inlet section with first driven rollers ( 1 ), to which a cross slide ( 2 ) for laterally moving the boxes ( 3 ) and b) second driven rollers ( 5 ), which are spaced apart from each other, between which c) tines ( 6 ) of a lifting fork, which by means of a lifting device ( 7 ) are movable up and down, wherein d) laterally each three spring-loaded pawls ( 8th ) when lifting a layer of four boxes ( 3 ), the lower stack edges ( 9 ) at the outer ends and their joints ( 10 ), whereby the e) latches ( 8th ) against lower stops ( 11 ), f) the latches ( 8th ) are inclined at rest and at their the boxes ( 3 ) facing ends strips ( 12 ) on which the edges of the boxes slide when lifting and the latches ( 8th ) against the spring load and where g) the pawls ( 8th ) are so far deflected via a separate drive that the strips ( 12 ) are perpendicular and have a distance to the box walls to the finished resting on a pallet stack on the second rollers ( 5 ) from the engagement area of the pawls ( 8th ) about further roles ( 17 ; 18 ) to drive out. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rollers ( 5 ) adjustable on punches ( 4 ) are assigned for the delivery of a pallet. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that above the tines ( 6 ) Guide rails ( 19 ) are arranged. Device according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the pawl ( 8th ) with an air spring ( 14 ) connected is. Device according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the tines ( 6 ) via a lifting chain ( 15 ) and a sprocket ( 16 ) are liftable. Device according to claims 1-5, characterized in that that under the finished, raised crate a pallet mobile is. Device according to claims 1-6, characterized in that between the rollers ( 18 ) Leave a space for retracting a hand pallet truck.