DE102006017312A1 - Detergent or cleaning agent granules - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for the manufacture of washing or cleansing agents is described in which a refined shell material is granulated onto core material whereby the raw materials used in the granulation stage are at least partially passed through a mill drying unit. The diameter of the product, the core material, and the shell material coming from the mill drying stage preferably stand in a specific relationship to each other. The resulting end products of the manufacturing process are aesthetically pleasing and very stable in storage.

Description

The The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of Detergents or cleaners, wherein a particulate core material a finer shell material is granulated, with the in the Granulation stage going through raw materials at least partially led a grinding drying plant become.

Granulation operations are in the most different branches of industry prior art, and there is a big one Number of standard monographs and patent literature on this Theme. In the context of the present invention, it is of Meaning that over the granulation process an important contribution to product design can be delivered.

By the enormous variety of for all needs of the daily The consumer often sees the life offered goods in front of it Problem posed, from a barely to survey variety of Just to select the product that suits his needs most corresponds. Here the product design can be the consumer make the purchase decision easier.

The Buying decision is generally based on very different Criteria, but above all the price of the presented goods and their quality. As an additional Criterion for the purchase decision, however, the product design is becoming increasingly important. The consumer wants usually use a product, which is also its aesthetic Appeals to. That's why many products come with equipped with visually appealing packaging. Also the product in itself is of great Interest, for example regarding its color and shape. about the shape of the product can be the aesthetic one Feeling of the consumer be particularly easily addressed, especially for powdery detergents and / or cleaning agents applies. A visually appealing product from this area For example, a detergent powder that is made exclusively from almost spherical Particles exists. Such a detergent powder of almost the same and almost spherical Particles indicates due to its high symmetry and its homogeneous Appearance in the eyes of the consumer on high care in the preparation and high competence in the processing of washing powder out while a powder that consists of very irregularly shaped particles, does not trigger corresponding positive associations among the consumer.

In front This background was the asked to the present invention Task in providing aesthetic attractive granules.

These Problem is solved by the subject matter of the invention, in It is a process for the production of detergents or cleaners in which on a particulate core material a finer Shell material is granulated, taking in the granulation stage to be used raw materials at least partially by a Mahltrocknungsanlage guided become.

The Grind drying should advantageously reduce the average Grain diameter and the partial drying of the relevant shell material serve. In a preferred embodiment, the core material becomes not subjected to grinding drying.

The Shell material can be made of suitable raw materials and / or recycled material of the granulation process. Preferably, a Mixture of both components used. The relevant recycling material comes from a screening after granulation and optional drying and consists of the undersize and / or the oversize grain. Both can do that Subject to grinding and used as a shell material.

• (a) Gerüststoff(compounds), wie vorzugsweise Zeolith(compounds), Polycarboxylat(compounds), Na-Acryl-/Maleinsäure-Copolymer, Nitrilotriessigsäure, Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure bzw. deren Natriumsalze
• (b) Carbonate, wie vorzugsweise Soda,
• (c) Hydrogencarbonate, insbesondere Alkali- und/oder Erdalkali-Hydrogencarbonate
• (d) Sulfate, insbesondere Alkali- und/oder Erdalkali-Sulfate
• (e) Builder, wie Silikate und Phosphate, so z.B. Na-Silikat, Sodasilikate, Disilikate, Tripolyphosphat, Schichtsilikate
• (f) Aniontensid-Compounds (umfassend z.B. Fettalkoholsulfate, Alkylbenzolsulfonate, Alkansulfonate, Alkylethersulfate, Alkylsulfate, α-Olefinsulfonate und/oder Estersulfonate wie insbesondere Methylestersulfonate, und/oder deren Mischungen), Seifen
• (g) Bleichaktivatoren, wie insbesondere N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetylethylendiamin,
• (h) Citrate, vorzugsweise Alkali- und/oder Erdalkali-Citrate, insbesondere Na-, K und/oder Mg-Citrate, und/oder Citronensäure
• (i) Turmpulver bzw. Sprühtrocknungsprodukte,), z.B. beinhaltend Mischungen thermisch stabiler Inhaltsstoffe von Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteln
• (j) Polymere, wie z.B. insbesondere Celluloseether(derivate) oder, vorzugsweise lineare hydrophile, Polyethylenterephthalat-Polyoxyethylenterephthalat-Blockcopolymere (PET-POET-Polymere),
• (k) Entschäumerpulver, vorzugsweise umfassend Stoffe wie natürliche Fette und/oder Öle, Petroleum-Derivate und/oder Siliconöle
• (l) Weichspüler, Bentonite, Esterquat- Compounds
• (m) Verfärbungsinhibitoren (PVP, u.a.)

Suitable solid raw materials for both the core and the shell material are, for example

• (A) builders, such as preferably zeolite (compounds), polycarboxylate (compounds), Na acrylic / maleic acid copolymer, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or their sodium salts
• (b) carbonates, such as preferably soda,
• (C) hydrogencarbonates, in particular alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal hydrogencarbonates
• (d) sulfates, especially alkali and / or alkaline earth sulfates
• (e) builders, such as silicates and phosphates, such as Na silicate, soda silicates, disilicates, tripolyphosphate, phyllosilicates
• (f) anionic surfactant compounds (including, for example, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, α-olefinsulfonates and / or ester sulfonates such as in particular methyl ester sulfo nate, and / or mixtures thereof), soaps
• (g) bleach activators, in particular N, N, N ', N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine,
• (h) Citrates, preferably alkali and / or alkaline earth citrates, in particular Na, K and / or Mg citrates, and / or citric acid
• (i) tower powder or spray-drying products,), for example comprising mixtures of thermally stable ingredients of detergents or cleaners
• (j) polymers, such as, in particular, cellulose ethers (derivatives) or, preferably, linear, hydrophilic, polyethylene terephthalate-polyoxyethylene terephthalate block copolymers (PET-POET polymers),
• (k) antifoam powder, preferably comprising substances such as natural fats and / or oils, petroleum derivatives and / or silicone oils
• (l) softener, bentonites, esterquat compounds
• (m) discoloration inhibitors (PVP, etc.)

typical and preferred (liquid) components, which enter or contain in the granulation aids could be, are or can contain e.g. Nonionic surfactants (ethoxylates, APG), anionic surfactant acids / pastes, Cationic compounds / surfactants, phosphonates, phosphonic acids, Sokalan (maleic acid acrylic acid copolymer Sodium salt (30:70)) solution, fatty acids, Caustic soda, water glass, silicones, skin-care oils.

typical and preferred (liquid) components for one optional coating layer of the granules may e.g. Zeolite powder, shell material, Powder, nonionic surfactant, water, PEG, glycerol, buffer system for pH adjustment, e.g. Citric acid / citrate, Dye solution Mica, iridescent and / or shiny Contain substances.

The, optionally coated, granules can finally be treated with zeolite powder and / or shell material.

When separate admixing components for the optionally coated granules may advantageously comprise bleaches, such as. Percarbonate, bleach enhancers, enzymes are added.

The Core material leaves e.g. by sifting out of the raw materials or Materials received. It is also possible and preferred from the produced granules in size suitable particles herauszusieben, which should be used again as nuclear material.

At the Core material is thus preferably screened (e) Raw material (s), recycled, sifted Granules derived from the process, with a suitable Size for use as core material or mixtures of both.

In order to the granulation process regarding grain quality and particle size distribution can advantageously take place within the envisaged time frame, a nuclear material must be submitted. As our experiments show, should preferably at least 3 to 5 wt .-% core material, based on the granules, be present. More preferably 10 to 35 wt .-%, in particular 15 to 25 wt .-% core material, based on the granules. More than 35% by weight of core material is not needed, although the method also higher Proportions greater than 35% by weight, even greater than 50% by weight.

The process product advantageously has a diameter d ₅₀ which is at least 5% and at most 66% greater than the diameter d _{50 of} the core material and at least fifteen times the average diameter (d ₅₀ ) of the shell material originating from a grinding drying stage. With the method according to the invention, the average diameter of the products can be adjusted in a controlled manner.

By the special kind and guidance The granulation, which is a building granulation, can be very produce round particles. Preferably, the raw materials, which form part of the shell material, finely ground. This is preferably done together with recirculated oversize and undersize the process (Recycled material) in a grinding drying stage. The good grain can subsequently by applying further solid and / or liquid substances (shell material) be refined.

If both screened undersize and oversize after the granulation / drying step subjected to a grinding drying process and as part of the shell material be attributed to the process, so there is a preferred embodiment.

Also is a preferred embodiment before, if screened from the product flow good and / or undersize and thereafter fed as core material into the process.

In the granulation stage, the build-up granulation takes place, in which the fine shell material is preferably adhered to a preferably screened core material with preferably one or more rolling movements with the addition of one or more granulation aids. The built-up granulation preferably runs at Froude numbers of 1.5 to 25, advantageously from 2 to 15, more advantageously from 2 to 10, more preferably from 2.5 to 8, in particular from 2.5 to 4 in the desired manner from. Particularly with these Froude numbers, particularly beautiful, round granules are obtained. The Froude number is given by the relationship (w ² · r) / g (w = angular velocity, r = length of the tool from the center axis, g = acceleration due to gravity).

This type of granulation can be easily controlled via the operating parameters so that the product has a diameter d ₅₀ which is at most 66% greater than the diameter d _{50 of} the core material and at least fifteen times the average diameter (d ₅₀ ) of the mill drying stage originating shell material.

When Granulation aids preferably pass one or more granulation liquids used, such as neutralized surfactant and / or Builder acids, Komplexierungsflüssigkeit (s) (for example, containing phosphonates such as HEDP, etc.), solution (s) naturally and / or synthetic polymers, water glass solution (s), anionic surfactant pastes and nonionic surfactants, saline solutions.

When Granulation aids can preferably also foams to be used.

One inventive method in which several, chemically distinguishable Granulationshilfsmittel be added simultaneously or preferably in succession, preferably in the form of solutions, suspensions, Dispersions, foams and / or (nano) emulsions, constitutes a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Of the Milling process for providing the shell material is advantageously carried out in a grinding drying stage. This simplifies itself the fluidized bed drying of the granules or it can be quite in some cases be waived on this level. The shell and recycling material is preferably conveyed with air into the mill. Here takes place simultaneously the grinding and the drying: in particular by a possible warming the conveying air preferably 30 to 120 ° C, especially 35 to 70 ° C, let yourself Set the degree of drying of the shell material targeted. The conveying air may also have a minimum temperature of e.g. 40C, 42C, 44C, 46C, 48C, 50C, 52C, 54C, 56C, 58C or 60C. Likewise it is possible that the conveying air a maximum temperature of 68 ° C, 66 ° C, 64 ° C or 62 ° C.

Therefore can the conveying air e.g. also values of 42 ° C up to 64 ° C or values according to another possible combination of the above Temperatures. It is also possible, that conveying air to Use comes, which was not heated.

The Grinddrying is particularly effective for the recycled material (recycled material from undersized and oversized grain the granulation), which before the mill drying a residual moisture of preferably about 8 to 11 wt .-% and then preferably about 4 to 8 wt .-%, wt .-% based on the material.

• (a) Granulationsschäumen
• (b) hochviskosen Flüssigkeiten, Suspension, Paste, Dispersion, die vorzugsweise im Strahl zugegossen/gepumpt werden
• (c) hochviskosen Granulationshilfsstoffen, die im Bereich einer Mühle/eines Zerhackers gepumpt werden.

In granulation, the advantage of the dried-on-dried particles can be optimally utilized, in particular by the use of a high-viscosity granulation auxiliary, since such remains on the (large) surface and hardly penetrates. Therefore, in addition to the possibility of spraying granulation liquid (s), preferably limited to granulation aids having maximum viscosities of about 500 mPas, the method is particularly advantageous when using highly viscous (viscosity preferably> 1000 mPas).

• (a) granulation foams
• (B) highly viscous liquids, suspension, paste, dispersion, which are preferably poured into the jet / pumped
• (c) high viscosity granulation aids pumped around a mill / chopper.

A preferred embodiment is working with several Granulationshilfsmitteln which zugege at different locations (continuous process) or at different times (batch process) ben. Preferably, 2, 3, 4 or more granulation aids are used, for example as
Granulating agent 1: neutralized acids, eg as foam,
Granulation agent 2: water glass as a highly viscous liquid (viscosity preferably> 1000 mPas),
Granulation assistant 3: polymer solution, likewise as highly viscous liquid (viscosity preferably> 1000 mPas),
Granulating agent 4: (nano) emulsion, preferably as a low-viscosity liquid (viscosity advantageously <250 mPas, preferably <75 mPas, in particular <10 mPas). Viscosities measured in each case with the Brookfield viscometer at 25 ° C.

If in the mill-drying stage 0.05 to 6 wt .-%, preferably to 5 Wt .-%, advantageously up to 4. wt .-%, in more advantageous To 3% by weight of water, based on the shell material, such is a preferred embodiment of the invention. It is also possible, that larger amounts Water are removed, e.g. to 10% by weight or to 15% by weight.

The average particle size of the granulate which can be produced by the method according to the invention can be adjusted within wide limits because it can be essentially determined by the grain size of the core material. Fine, dust-free products preferably have a d ₅₀ of 0.25 to 0.30 mm. Here, advantageously core materials in amounts of preferably about 10 to 25% in size d ₅₀ of preferably 0.2 to 0.28 mm should be submitted.

For relatively coarse products having a d ₅₀ of preferably 1.5 mm, it is preferable to use core materials having a d ₅₀ of about 1.0 to 1.4 mm. The exact value then depends in particular on the amount of shell material and on the guidance of the granulation. The correct screening of the core material has to be determined beforehand through some routine tests in the technical center.

d ₅₀ represents the median value. The median value is defined as the particle size below and above which in each case 50% of the particle quantity lie. Correspondingly, at d _90, 90% of the particle quantity is below the value, ie 10% higher. The ratio d ₅₀ / d ₉₀ approaches the value of 1 at very narrow particle size distributions, or is well below 0.5 for broad distributions.

advantageously, provides the method according to the invention almost spherical and preferably also very abrasion-resistant granules with very uniform Particle size, which over the choice of the size of the starter grain (particulate Core material) can be set very accurately. It can be done by it produce high-quality granules with specific determination of the granule size.

The available according to the invention Granules are storage stable. Advantageously, the method according to the invention energy efficient compared to the usual tower processes (spray drying). The inventive method allows Furthermore Through the core-shell concept a great variety of products and offers the possibilities of the so-called "controlled release ", for example in which one integrates into the shell those components which first to be released and the later release substances in incorporating the core. additionally can be so available Granules still with a shell (Coating) be provided.

to actual granulation can be a common mixer / granulator be used. With the concept of mixer / granulator are preferably drum and plate mixers and / or fluidized bed granulators meant but also one- and two-shaft mixers with fast to slow rotating Waves and zig-zag mixers, especially discontinuous machines with low specific energy input. Move the particles in the mixer preferably via the free fall or by introducing a push, throw or centrifugal force. Preference is given to using mixers in which the particles are in rolling Movements are offset. The addition of a part of the granulation fluid can in front of the granulator in a high speed mixer (CB, Schugi) respectively. It is also possible the granulation in a fluidized bed with the addition of a residual amount of liquid complete. In the relevant known patent and technical literature, in particular via mechanical Process engineering mixers / granulators are described in detail. In the broadest sense are with the term of the mixer / granulator any machinery and apparatus suitable for mixing / granulating are meant.

In a preferred embodiment are the according to the inventive method producible and subsequently coated granules substantially dust-free.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the present invention can be produced Granules have an average form factor of at least 0.78 _; preferably 0.81, advantageously 0.83, in a further advantageous manner 0.85, more advantageously 0.87, in particular 0.9. More about the form factor and possibilities of its determination will be described below.

If the granules obtainable in accordance with the invention are present in the most uniform particle size distribution, where the ratio of d ₅₀ to d _{90 is} at least 0.5, preferably at least 0.6, advantageously at least 0.75, in particular at least 0.8, then this is likewise the case to a preferred embodiment of the invention

at a bulk density of the present invention can be produced Granules in the range of 200-1500 g / l is also a preferred embodiment of the invention. The lower limit for the bulk density can also at a Value of preferably 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700 or even 750 g / L. It is also possible that the lower limit even higher lies, e.g. at 800g / L. The process can also be used for granules difficult bulk weights with usual Easily set recipes in the range of 520 to 620 g / l.

The upper limit for the bulk density may be at a value of preferably 1450, 1400, 1350, 1300, 1250, 1200, 1150, 1100, 1050, 1000, 950, 900, 850, 800 or 750 g / L.

It is possible, too, that the upper limit is even lower, e.g. at a value of preferably 700, 650, 600, 550 or 500 g / L.

To a preferred embodiment According to the invention, the granulates which can be produced according to the invention have a Tenside content of at least 1 wt .-%, based on the total granules on. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention the surfactant content 1-99 wt .-%, preferably 1-95 wt .-%, advantageously 5-50 wt .-%, more preferably 10-40 wt .-%, in particular 15-30 Wt .-%, based on the entire granules. According to another preferred embodiment can the lower limit of the surfactant but also at a value from e.g. preferably 2% by weight, 3% by weight, 4% by weight, 5% by weight, 6% by weight, 7% by weight, 8% by weight, 9% by weight, 10% by weight, 11% by weight, 12% by weight, 13% by weight, 14% by weight, 15% by weight, 16% by weight, 17% by weight, 18% by weight, 19% by weight, 20% by weight, 21% by weight, 22% by weight, 23% by weight, 24% by weight, 25% by weight, 26% by weight, 27% by weight, 28% by weight, 29 wt .-% or 30 wt .-%, each based on the total Granules. The lower limit may in particular even be at even higher values, e.g. at a value of e.g. preferably 35% by weight, 40% by weight, 45% by weight, 50% by weight, 55 wt .-% or 60 wt .-%, each based on the total granules.

To a further preferred embodiment but the upper limit can also be given a value of e.g. preferably 70% by weight, 71% by weight, 72% by weight, 73% by weight, 74% by weight, 75% by weight, 76 wt%, 77 wt%, 78 wt%, 79 wt%, 80 wt%, 81 wt%, 82% by weight, 83% by weight, 84% by weight, 85% by weight, 86% by weight, 87% by weight, 88% by weight, 89% by weight, 90% by weight, 91% by weight, 92% by weight, 93% by weight, 94% by weight or 95% Wt .-% are, in each case based on the total granules. The lower limit in particular may even be at even lower values, e.g. at a value of e.g. preferably 65% by weight, 60% by weight, 55% by weight, 50% by weight, 45% by weight, 40% by weight, 35% by weight, 30% by weight or 25% by weight or even only at values such as 20% by weight, 15% by weight or 10% by weight, in each case based on the total granules.

To a preferred embodiment According to the invention, the granulates which can be produced according to the invention have a Builder content of at least 1 wt .-%, based on the total granules. According to one another preferred embodiment of the invention the builder content of the granulate 1-99 wt .-%, preferably 1-95 wt .-%, advantageously 5-90% by weight. even more advantageous 10-70 wt .-%, further advantageous 20-60 wt .-%., Based on the total granules, in particular 25-50 Wt .-%. According to another preferred embodiment, the lower limit of the builder content but also at a value of e.g. preferably 1% by weight, 2% by weight, 3% by weight, 4% by weight, 5% by weight, 6% by weight, 7% by weight, 8% by weight, 9% by weight, 10% by weight, 11% by weight, 12% by weight, 13% by weight, 14% by weight, 15% by weight, 16% by weight, 17% by weight, 18% by weight, 19% by weight, 20% by weight, 21% by weight, 22 wt%, 23 wt%, 24 wt%, 25 wt%, 26 wt%, 27 wt%, 28 wt .-%, 29 wt .-% or 30 wt .-% are, in each case based on the entire granules. The lower limit can be even at even higher Values, e.g. at a value of e.g. preferably 35% by weight, 40 wt .-%, 45 wt .-%, 50 wt .-%, 55 wt .-% or 60 wt .-%, respectively based on the total granules.

According to a further preferred embodiment, however, the upper limit may also be at a value of, for example, preferably 70% by weight, 71% by weight, 72% by weight, 73% by weight, 74% by weight, 75% by weight. %, 76% by weight, 77 wt .-%, 78 wt .-%, 79 wt .-%, 80 wt .-%, 81 wt .-%, 82 wt .-%, 83 wt .-%, 84 wt .-%, 85 wt %, 86 wt%, 87 wt%, 88 wt%, 89 wt%, 90 wt%, 91 wt%, 92 wt%, 93 wt% %, 94 wt .-% or 95 wt .-%, each based on the total granules. The lower limit may in particular even be at even lower values, for example at a value of preferably 65 wt .-%, 60 wt .-%, 55 wt .-%, 50 wt .-%, 45 wt .-%, 40 wt. -%, 35 wt .-%, 30 wt .-% or 25 wt .-% or even only at a value of 20 wt .-%, 15 wt .-% or 10 wt .-%, each based on the total Granules.

To a preferred embodiment of the invention each individual, inventively producible Granules a complete detergent or cleaning agent formulation, advantageously with the exception of the enzymes, foam inhibitor granules and bleaches, especially percarbonate.

To a preferred embodiment The invention consists of every single, inventively produced Granules of at least 2, preferably from at least 3, advantageously from at least 4, in a further advantageous manner from at least 5, more advantageously at least 6, in even more advantageous Way of at least 7 and in particular from at least 8 or more chemically distinguishable substances.

To a preferred embodiment According to the invention, the granulates which can be produced according to the invention have a Content of at least 0.5 wt .-%, based on the total granules, on sodium citrate.

To a preferred embodiment According to the invention, the granulates which can be produced according to the invention have a Content of at least 1 wt .-%, based on the total granules, to polycarboxylates (polymer and / or copolymer).

To a preferred embodiment According to the invention, the granulates which can be produced according to the invention have a Free water content of 0-15% by weight, based on the total Granules on. The upper limit of water may e.g. even at 14% by weight, 13% by weight, 12% by weight, 11% by weight, 10% by weight, 9% by weight, 8% by weight, 7 wt .-%, 6 wt .-%, 5 wt .-%, 4 wt .-%, 3 wt .-%, 2 wt .-% or 1 wt .-%, based on the total granules.

To a preferred embodiment According to the invention, the granulates which can be produced according to the invention have a Perfume content of at least 0.05 wt .-% based on the total Granules on. According to one another preferred embodiment of the invention the perfume content of the granules 0.1-30 wt .-%, preferably 1-25 Wt .-%, advantageously 5-22 wt .-%, in particular 10-20 wt .-%.

To a preferred embodiment According to the invention, the granules which can be produced according to the invention are enzyme-free, which means for the purposes of the invention that the granules less than 30 wt .-%, preferably less than 25 wt .-%, advantageously less than 20% by weight, more preferably less than 15% by weight, more preferably less than 10% by weight, in turn, more advantageously less than 5 wt .-% of enzymes contains based on the total granules. In particular, the granules but completely contains no enzyme ie 0 wt .-% enzyme based on the total granules.

To a preferred embodiment According to the invention, the granules are bleach-free.

According to a preferred embodiment, the product of the process according to the invention has a diameter d ₅₀ which is advantageously at most 64%, 62%, 60%, 58%, 56%, 54%, 52%, 50%, 48%, 46%, 44 %, 42%, 40%, 38%, 36%, 34%, 32%, 30%, 28%, 26%, 24%, 22%, 20%, 18%, 16%, 14%, 12% or 10% larger than the diameter d _{50 of} the core material.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the product of the process according to the invention should have a diameter d ₅₀ which is advantageously at least 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28% or 30% greater than the diameter d _{50 of} the core material.

Accordingly, the product may, for example, have a diameter d ₅₀ which, for example, is 6-64%, or for example 10-58%, or for example 20-44%, greater than the diameter d _{50 of} the core material. Here, the aforementioned upper and lower limits can be combined accordingly.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the product of the process according to the invention have a diameter d ₅₀ which advantageously at least 16 times, 17 times, 18 times, 19 times, 20 times, 21 times, 22 times, 23 times, 24 times, 25 times, 26 times, 27 times, 28 times, 29 times or 30 times the mean diameter (d ₅₀ ) of the shell material.

It matches as well a very preferred embodiment This invention, when the shell material, which on the core material is aufgranuliert, at least partially, in particular, completely a grinding drying process has emerged.

One inventive grinding drying process takes place advantageously in a pipe, impact, pin, Vibratory, hammer, air jet or roller mill, but preferably in one Air vortex mill, especially in one with carrier gas working mill with rotating grinding plates. Such mills are the expert from known in the art.

If in the grinding drying process air or another carrier grass with a temperature between 15 and 220 ° C, preferably between 25 and 120 ° C, especially between 35 and 70 ° C is used, so again is a preferred embodiment in front. The minimum temperature of the carrier gas (e.g., air) may be e.g. advantageously also at 21 ° C, 22 ° C, 23 ° C, 24 ° C, 25 ° C, 26 ° C, 27 ° C, 28 ° C, 29 ° C, 30 ° C, 31 ° C, 32 ° C, 33 ° C, 34 ° C, 36 ° C, 37 ° C, 38 ° C, 39 ° C, 40 ° C, 41 ° C, 42 ° C, 43 ° C, 44 ° C, 45 ° C, 46 ° C, 47 ° C, 48 ° C, 49 ° C or 50 ° C. However, temperatures above room temperature, that is to say advantageously, are preferred greater than 22 ° C. Especially temperatures from 35 ° C are preferred. The maximum temperature of the carrier gas (e.g., air) may advantageously be used e.g. also at 210 ° C, 200 ° C, 190 ° C, 180 ° C, 170 ° C, 160 ° C, 150 ° C, 140 ° C, 130 ° C, 110 ° C, 100 ° C, 90 ° C, 80 ° C, 70 ° C or 60 ° C.

Advantageously, the core material entering into the process according to the invention is present in a particle size distribution which is as uniform as possible, in which the ratio of d ₅₀ to d _{90 is} preferably at least 0.50. The ratio of d ₅₀ to d ₉₀ may advantageously also be, for example, at least 0.60, 0.65, 0.70, 0.75, or 0.80.

In a further preferred embodiment, are in the granulation downstream, optional drying step between 0.1 and 6 wt .-%, preferably up to a maximum of 5 wt .-%, advantageously up to a maximum of 4 wt .-%, in a further advantageous manner to a maximum 3 wt .-%, in still more advantageous manner to a maximum of 2 wt .-%, in particular up to a maximum of 1% by weight of water, the statement being based on% by weight is on the granules after drying.

It is possible, too, to completely dispense with the subsequent drying step. To a preferred embodiment is a tower process is not part of the process.

If the granulation stage of at least one mixer and a fluidized bed there is a preferred embodiment.

If the granulation stage consists of a fast and a slow running Mixer and a fluidized bed, so is also a preferred embodiment in front.

in the According to the invention, it is exceedingly preferred if the undersize resulting in the process such as also the oversize after the granulation and optional drying step, a grinding drying process be submitted and recycled as shell material in the process. this leads to to very high-quality, abrasion-resistant products and corresponds a particularly preferred embodiment. As undersize or oversized grain are those granules called smaller or larger as the so-called good grain. The good grain, however, has the desired granule size. If accordingly, both screened undersize and oversized grain after the granulation / drying step subjected to a grinding drying process and as part of the shell material is attributed to the process, such is a preferred embodiment of the invention.

one another preferred embodiment it corresponds, after the granulation and optional drying step sifting out the good and / or undersize from the product stream, and to use this again as nuclear material. This also corresponds a preferred embodiment. Thus, if the product and the undersize particles are screened out of the product stream and thereafter fed into the process as core material, so is a preferred embodiment in front.

In the method according to the invention can various granulating aids are used, namely e.g. liquids in the broadest sense, preferably suspensions, dispersions, emulsions, as well as also foams.

One Foam is, as the expert knows, not a liquid, but a structure made of gas filled, spherical or polyhedral Cells, which by liquid, semi-liquid, high-viscosity or solid cell walls is limited.

a Granulation foam receives For example, if one is a flowable component with a gaseous Medium applied and thus foamed. A granulation foam is for example a surfactant, by foaming a flowable, surfactant-containing Component with a gaseous Medium was obtained and can be used as Granulationshilfsmittel is.

Of the Granulation foam preferably has mean pore sizes below 10 mm, preferably below 5 mm and in particular below 2 mm, up. By using a granulation foam instead of conventional granulating can even more homogeneous liquid distributions be achieved during the granulation process. It is preferred if at least one granulation foam and at least one granulation liquid be used in the granulation.

The can be granulated particles can be wetted even better and it can total even less granulating needed for the formation of granules when granulation foam is used.

Further When using granulation foam is an even more homogeneous particle size distribution achieved the resulting granules. Possible dust and fines are bound again more effectively.

If the generation of foam (for the production of granulation foam) under a pressure that is above the pressure in the granulation plant is, so there is a particularly advantageous embodiment. Preferably the pressure during foam generation is at least 0.1 bar, advantageously by at least 0.5 bar and in particular to at least 0.85 bar above the pressure as in the granulation plant prevails.

Preferably has the flowable component, which for foaming with a gaseous Medium is applied, at 20 ° C. a viscosity from 5 to 1500 mPas, preferably from 10 to 1000 mPas and in particular from 50 to 800 mPas.

advantageously, can be frothed liquid component for support foaming comprises nonionic surfactant (s) and / or polymer (s).

• i) Polyacrylsäuren und deren Salzen
• ii) Polymethacrylsäuren und deren Salzen
• iii) Polyvinylpyrrolidon,
• iv) Vinylpyrrolidon/Vinylester-Copolymeren,
• v) Cellulose-, Stärke- und Guarethern
• vi) Polyvinylacetaten, Polyvinylalkoholen und ihren Copolymeren
• vii) Pfropfcopolymeren aus Polyethylenglykolen und Vinylacetat
• viii) Alkylacrylamid/Acrylsäure-Copolymeren und deren Salzen
• ix) Alkylacrylamid/Methacrylsäure-Copolymeren und deren Salzen
• x) Alkylacrylamid/Methylmethacrylsäure-Copolymeren und deren Salzen
• xi) Alkylacrylamid/Acrylsäure/Alkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylsäure-Copolymeren und deren Salzen
• xii) Alkylacrylamid/Methacrylsäure/Alkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylsäure-Copolymeren und deren Salzen
• xiii) Alkylacrylamid/Methylmethacrylsäure/Alkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylsäure-Copolymeren und deren Salzen
• xiv) Alkylacrylamid/Alkymethacrylat/Alkylaminoethylmethacrylat/Alkylmethacrylat-Copolymeren und deren Salzen
• xv) Copolymeren aus
• xv-i) ungesättigten Carbonsäuren und deren Salzen
• xv-ii) kationisch derivatisierten ungesättigten Carbonsäuren und deren Salzen
• xvi) Acrylamidoalkyltrialkylammoniumchlorid/Acrylsäure-Copolymere sowie deren Alkali- und Ammoniumsalze
• xvii) Acrylamidoalkyltrialkylammoniumchlorid/Methacrylsäure-Copolymere sowie deren Alkali- und Ammoniumsalze
• xviii) Methacroylethylbetain/Methacrylat-Copolymere
• xix) Vinylacetat/Crotonsäure-Copolymere
• xx) Acrylsäure/Ethylacrylat/N-tert.Butylacrylamid-Terpolymere
• xxi) Pfropfpolymere aus Vinylestern, Estern von Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure allein oder im Gemisch, copolymerisiert mit Crotonsäure, Acrylsäure oder Me-thacrylsäure mit Polyalkylenoxiden und/oder Polykalkylenglykolen
• xxii) gepfropften Copolymere aus der Copolymerisation von
• xxii-i) mindesten einem Monomeren vom nicht-ionischen Typ,
• xxii-ii) mindestens einem Monomeren vom ionischen Typ,
• xxiii) durch Copolymerisation mindestens eines Monomeren jeder der drei folgenden Gruppen erhaltenen Copolymere:
• xxiii-i) Ester ungesättigter Alkohole und kurzkettiger gesättigter Carbonsäuren und/oder Ester kurzkettiger gesättigter Alkohole und ungesättigter Carbonsäuren,
• xxiii-ii) ungesättigte Carbonsäuren,
• xxiii-iii) Ester langkettiger Carbonsäuren und ungesättigter Alkohole und/oder Ester aus den Carbonsäuren der Gruppe d6ii) mit gesättigten oder ungesättigten, geradkettigen oder verzweigten C8-18-Alkohols.
• xxiv) Biopolymeren, insbesondere Xanthan, Carageenan Agar usw.

A flowable component to be foamed may advantageously contain one or more natural or synthetic polymer (s), which are preferably water-soluble; In particular, such water-soluble polymer (s) may be selected from:

• i) polyacrylic acids and their salts
• ii) polymethacrylic acids and their salts
• iii) polyvinylpyrrolidone,
• iv) vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl ester copolymers,
• v) Cellulose, starch and guar ethers
• vi) polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl alcohols and their copolymers
• vii) graft copolymers of polyethylene glycols and vinyl acetate
• viii) alkylacrylamide / acrylic acid copolymers and their salts
• ix) alkylacrylamide / methacrylic acid copolymers and their salts
• x) alkylacrylamide / methylmethacrylic acid copolymers and their salts
• xi) alkylacrylamide / acrylic acid / alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and their salts
• xii) alkylacrylamide / methacrylic acid / alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and their salts
• xiii) alkylacrylamide / methylmethacrylic acid / alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and their salts
• xiv) alkylacrylamide / alkymethacrylate / alkylaminoethylmethacrylate / alkylmethacrylate copolymers and their salts
• xv) copolymers
• xv-i) unsaturated carboxylic acids and their salts
• xv-ii) cationically derivatized unsaturated carboxylic acids and their salts
• xvi) Acrylamidoalkyltrialkylammoniumchlorid / acrylic acid copolymers and their alkali metal and ammonium salts
• xvii) Acrylamidoalkyltrialkylammoniumchlorid / methacrylic acid copolymers and their alkali and ammo niumsalze
• xviii) Methacroylethylbetaine / methacrylate copolymers
• xix) vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers
• xx) acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tert-butyl acrylamide terpolymers
• xxi) graft polymers of vinyl esters, esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, alone or in admixture, copolymerized with crotonic acid, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with polyalkylene oxides and / or polyalkylene glycols
• xxii) grafted copolymers from the copolymerization of
• xxii-i) at least one nonionic type monomer,
• xxii-ii) at least one ionic type monomer,
• xxiii) copolymers obtained by copolymerization of at least one monomer of each of the following three groups:
• xxiii-i) esters of unsaturated alcohols and short-chain saturated carboxylic acids and / or esters of short-chain saturated alcohols and unsaturated carboxylic acids,
• xxiii-ii) unsaturated carboxylic acids,
• xxiii-iii) esters of long-chain carboxylic acids and unsaturated alcohols and / or esters of the carboxylic acids of group d6ii) with saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched C8-18-alcohols.
• xxiv) biopolymers, especially xanthan, carageenan agar etc.

advantageously, can be a flowable, foaming component, based on their weight 0.1 to 40 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 to 20 wt .-% and in particular 1 to 10 wt .-% polymer (s) and / or 0.01 bis 1 wt .-%, in particular nonionic (s) surfactant (s) included.

The for foaming used amount of gas may preferably one to three hundred times, advantageously the five to two hundred times and especially ten to one hundred times the volume of the foaming Amount of flowable component turn off.

to foaming can be considered gaseous Medium preferably used air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide become.

The foamed flowable component can before the foaming advantageously temperatures of 15 to 120 ° C, preferably from 25 to 90 ° C and in particular from 50 to 75 ° C, exhibit.

Preferably can also be a liquid component frothed and the resulting foam can then be mixed with one from a another liquid component produced foam are combined.

Of the Foam may advantageously be temperatures below 115 ° C, preferably between 20 and 80 ° C and in particular between 30 and 70 ° C, have.

The foam may advantageously have a density below 0.80 gcm ^-3 , preferably from 0.10 to 0.60 gcm ^-3, and more preferably from 0.30 to 0.55 gcm ^-3 .

Of the Foam can advantageously mean pore sizes below 10 mm, preferably below 5 mm and especially below 2 mm.

According to the invention can Neutralizing foam is highly preferred, e.g. available by uniting one Anionic surfactants in its acid form with a neutralizing agent and foaming to a neutralizing foam, this foam advantageously has mean pore sizes below 10 mm, preferably below 5 mm and in particular below 2 mm, has. The neutralizing agent may be solid or liquid.

One Neutralizing foam may preferably be made by combining one with one gaseous Medium foamed Anionic surfactants in its acid form and one with a gaseous one Medium foamed, highly concentrated, aqueous alkaline component can be obtained.

Of the Neutralizing foam can advantageously by combining a Anionic surfactants in its acid form, optionally further, preferably acidic, ingredients of Detergents and cleaning agents and a neutralizing agent, advantageously comprising substances from the group of carbonates and / or Hydrogen carbonates, preferably the alkali metal carbonates and / or alkali metal bicarbonates and in particular from the group sodium carbonate and / or sodium bicarbonate, to be obtained.

When aqueous Alkaline component (neutralizing agent) can advantageously also alkali metal hydroxide, preferably sodium hydroxide solutions at concentrations of at least 40% by weight of NaOH, preferably at least 50% by weight of NaOH and in particular at least 65% by weight NaOH, in each case based on the aqueous alkaline component to be foamed, be used. The watery alkaline component can before foaming Advantageously, further ingredients of detergents and cleaners in amounts of from 0.1 to 80% by weight, preferably from 10 to 75% by weight and in particular from 25 to 70 wt .-%, each based on the weight the frothing up Mixture, to be mixed. The aqueous alkaline component can before foaming Surfactants, preferably anionic and / or nonionic surfactants, and in particular ethoxylated alcohols and / or soap become.

As anionic surfactant in acid form, one or more substances from the group of the carboxylic acids, the sulfuric monoesters and the sulfonic acids, preferably from the group of the fatty acids, the fatty alkyl sulfuric acids and the alkylaryl sulfonic acids, can advantageously be used. As the anionic surfactant in acid form, it is preferable to use C _8-16 , preferably C _9-13, alkylbenzenesulfonic acids. The anionic surfactant in acid form before foaming other, preferably acidic ingredients of detergents and cleaners in amounts of 0.1 to 40 wt .-%, preferably from 1 to 15 wt .-% and in particular from 2 to 10 wt. %, in each case based on the weight of the mixture to be foamed mixed. The anionic surfactant in acid form before foaming nonionic surfactants in amounts of 0.1 to 40 wt .-%, preferably from 1 to 15 wt .-% and in particular from 2 to 10 wt .-%, each based on the weight of the foamed Mixture, to be mixed.

Of the Neutralizing foam may advantageously have surfactant levels of from 10 to 99 wt .-%, preferably from 20 to 98 wt .-% and in particular of 30 to 97 wt .-%, each based on the weight of the foam having.

When granulation liquids can also water or watery solutions be used. But it is preferred to use water as such or to avoid water in solutions / dispersions / suspensions / emulsions, i.e. with as possible little water to get along in the entire Granulierhilfsmittel.

advantageously, can granulation aids other than water, for example liquid nonionic surfactants, polyethylene glycols or other organic solvents be used. Particularly preferred are granulation liquids, for example, salts, water glass, alkyl polyglycosides, carbohydrates, natural polymers, synthetic polymers, e.g. As cellulose ethers, starch, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and / or biopolymers such as e.g. Containing xanthan gum. Possible are also organic solvents with swollen polymers. Possible are also melts of suitable substances.

If the granulating agent is a liquid from neutralized surfactant and builder acids, preferably with a water content of less than 10 wt .-%, advantageously of below 6 wt .-% based on the granules, so again is a preferred embodiment in front.

If in the granulation step according to the invention as granulating agent next to a granulating liquid (s) further hydrophilic and / or lipophilic liquids and / or salts incorporated be, is also a preferred embodiment.

Hydrophilic liquids are known in the art. They are those that have a pronounced interaction with polar solvents, especially water, show. Typical hydrophilic groups are e.g. anionically charged carboxylate, sulfate and sulfonate and optionally substituted cationic ammonium functions or nonionic Polyether chains (ethoxylate chains). Lipophilic fluids show a pronounced attractive interaction with fats (lipids). Lipophilic are for Example the hydrophobic hydrocarbons.

One inventive method, in which the granulating agent comprises a solution of polymeric substances, preferably with a water content of less than 10, preferably less than 6 wt .-% based on the granules, also represents a preferred embodiment represents.

If as Granulierhilfsmittel at least two different liquids used, preferably in the form of suspension, dispersion and / or emulsion, which are preferably in their viscosity and / or differ their pH values, so again is a preferred embodiment in front.

A very preferred liquid for use as granulating agent is a water glass solution. A another very preferred liquid for use as a granulation aid is a solution of Polyacrylic acid sodium salt. It is according to the invention preferably, as Granulierhilfsmittel both a water glass solution as also a solution of polyacrylic acid sodium salt use. It is according to the invention also preferred a foam, preferably a neutralizing foam, in particular made of acid, comprising advantageously fatty acids, alkylbenzenesulfonic acids and / or etidronic, as well as from an alkaline solution, preferably NaOH solution, as Granulierhilfsmittel use. It is preferred if the acids, such as. fatty acids, alkylbenzenesulfonic and / or etidronic acid, first mixed and then combined with the alkaline solution become.

Also a method according to the invention, in which the total granulating aids are less than 12 wt .-%, preferably less than 10 wt .-%, advantageously contain less than 8% by weight, in particular less than 6% by weight, of water, based on the finished granules, represents a preferred embodiment As such, the granulation aid preferably maximizes 15 wt .-% based on the finished granules.

In In a very particularly preferred embodiment, the granulation aid comprises a liquid, which skin care agents and / or textile care agents, in particular silicone oil contains.

advantageously, the granulating agent can solubility improver (Hydrotropes).

typical Hydrotropes are e.g. Xylene or cumene sulfonate or other substances such as. Urea or N-methylacetamide.

Skin care products can In particular, such agents which give the skin a sensory Give advantage, e.g. by taking lipids and / or moisturizing factors respectively. Skin care products can e.g. Proteins, amino acids, Lecithins, lipids, phosphatides, plant extracts, vitamins; as well Fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty acid ester, Waxes, Vaseline, paraffins act as skin care products. Textile Care are e.g. Fabrics for the care of textiles, e.g. Cationic surfactants.

The can be produced according to the invention Granules can be coated in a further step (coating). The optional Coating layer (coating) results for example from anhydrous or low-water mixtures or suspensions, e.g. but also be water-containing when drying, which in each case a preferred embodiment equivalent. Importantly, the coating is a preferred, but nevertheless only optional embodiment the method according to the invention represents. This only optional character must be with the following Explanations considered to advantageous embodiments of the coating become.

Prefers it is when the (optional) coating without subsequent drying is applied, which corresponds to a preferred embodiment.

To another preferred embodiment but it may also be advantageous if the coating Drying follows.

The Thickness of the (optional) coating is variably adjustable and is preferably in the range of the order of a monomolecular Coverage up to 50 μm, however, it is highly preferred that the coating thickness be distinct smaller than 5 μm is.

To a preferred embodiment is a coating as a liquid, preferably water-poor, in particular anhydrous liquid coated, advantageously containing surfactants, e.g. preferably Nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants and / or cationic surfactants, brighteners, Triglycerides, terpenes, glycerin silicone oil, paraffin (oil), perfume, vitamin E, (co) polymer (solutions) and / or natural oils.

A such liquid advantageously remains not liquid on the surface of the granules, but pulls on the big one surface the shell material, created by the fine grinding, so that the surface of the granules is advantageously not wet or sticky.

• (a) Niotensid, Aufheller, optional Parfüm
• (b) Niotensid, Silikonöl, optional Paraffin(öl), optional Parfüm
• (c) Silikonöl, Aufheller, optional Parfüm, optional Niotensid
• (d) Niotensid, Vitamin(derivate) wie vorzugsweise Vitamin E, optional Parfüm
• (e) Niotensid, natürliche Öle, optional Parfüm
• (f) Niotensid, Vitamin(derivate), natürliche Öle, optional Parfüm
• (g) Gemische aus verschiedenen Tensiden, wie Betaine, Niotensid und/oder kationische Substanzen.

Very preferred here is nonionic surfactant, which is advantageously combined with other components. For example, the following combinations are preferred:

• (a) nonionic surfactant, brightener, optional perfume
• (b) nonionic surfactant, silicone oil, optionally paraffin (oil), optionally perfume
• (c) silicone oil, whitener, optional perfume, optional nonionic surfactant
• (d) nonionic surfactant, vitamin (derivative) such as preferably vitamin E, optional perfume
• (e) nonionic surfactant, natural oils, optional perfume
• (f) nonionic surfactant, vitamin (derivative), natural oils, optional perfume
• (g) mixtures of various surfactants, such as betaines, nonionic surfactants and / or cationic substances.

arid in this context means that the coating liquid used Contains less than 35 wt .-% water, based on the total Coating liquid. In preferred embodiments this water content limit can also be lower, e.g. at a value of preferably 30% by weight, 25% by weight, 20% by weight, 15% by weight, 10% by weight or 5% by weight or between these values, ie e.g. at a value of preferably 9, 8, 7 or 6% by weight based on the entire coating liquid.

A anhydrous coating liquid contains at most 4% by weight, advantageously at most 3% by weight, in a more advantageous manner Way maximum 2 wt .-%, preferably at most 1 wt .-% or in particular no water at all with respect to the entire coating liquid. This corresponds to a preferred embodiment.

To another preferred embodiment can the coating liquid but also larger quantities Contain water, so more than preferably 35 wt .-%, based on the entire coating liquid. In preferred embodiments this minimum water content limit may also be at higher levels, e.g. at a value of preferably 40% by weight, 45% by weight, 50% by weight, 55% by weight, 60% or 65% by weight or between these values, e.g. at a value such as 41, 42, 43 or 44% by weight. based on the whole Coating liquid. A very water-rich liquid can according to a preferred embodiments even higher Water content upper limit, e.g. with a value of preferably 70 wt .-%, 75 wt .-%, 80 wt .-%, 85 wt .-%, 90 wt .-% or 95 wt .-% water based on the entire coating liquid.

• (a) synthetische Polymere, wie beispielsweise Polyethylenglykole, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polyvinylalkohole, Homo- und Copolymere der (Meth)acrylsäure und ihrer Derivate, der Malein-, Vinylsulfon-, Vinylphosphonsäure, Polyethylenimin und/oder PAA
• (b) naturbasierte, ggf. modifizierte Polymere, wie z.B. Stärke, Alginate, Pektine, Pflanzengummen, Caseine, Gelatine Guar, Cellulose, Celluloseether und/oder Stärkeether
• (c) biotechnolog. erzeugte Produkte wie z.B. Pullulan, Curdlan und/oder Xanthan.
• (d) Mischungen vorgenannter.

According to a preferred embodiment, the (optional) coating contains (co) polymers, in particular water-soluble (co) polymers, optionally modified (co) polymers, such as

• (A) synthetic polymers, such as polyethylene glycols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinyl alcohols, homo- and copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and its derivatives, maleic, vinylsulfonic, vinylphosphonic, polyethyleneimine and / or PAA
• (B) natural-based, optionally modified polymers such as starch, alginates, pectins, vegetable gums, caseins, gelatin guar, cellulose, cellulose ethers and / or starch ethers
• (c) biotechnology. produced products such as pullulan, curdlan and / or xanthan.
• (d) mixtures of the aforementioned.

To another preferred embodiment As a (optional) coating, a melt is applied, preferably Melting of (co) polymers, waxes, esters and / or fats. A such melt advantageously remains on the surface of the Granulates do not melt, but will after mounting and cooling advantageously solid, so that the surface of the granules is advantageously not sticky.

• (a) pflanzliche Wachse wie vorzugsweise Carnaubawachs, Candelillawachs, Espartowachs, Guarumawachs, Japanwachs, Korkwachs, Montanwachs, Ouricurywachs, Reiskeimölwachs und/oder Zuckerrohrwachs
• (b) tierische Wachse wie vorzugsweise Bienenwachs, Bürzeldrüsenfett, Wollwachs, Schellackwachs und/oder Walrat
• (c) Mineralwachse wie vorzugsweise Ceresin und/oder Ozokerit
• (d) chemisch modifizierte Wachse, vorzugsweise Hartwachse, insbesondere hydrierte Jojobawachse, Montanesterwachse und/oder Sasolwachse
• (e) synthetische Wachse wie vorzugsweise Paraffinwachse (insbesondere Weichparaffin mit einem Schmelzpunkt von > 38°C), Polyalkylenwachse und/oder Polyethylenglykolwachse
• (f) Mikrowachse, also vorzugsweise höher schmelzende Inhaltsstoffe des Erdöls, welche insbesondere aus einem Gemisch gesättigter Kohlenwasserstoffe (iso-Alkane) bestehen und vorteilhafterweise noch Alkylsubstituierte Cycloparaffine und Alkyl-substituierte bzw. Naphthen-substituierte Aromaten enthalten, vorteilhafterweise Petrolate, plastische Mikrowachse und Hartmikrowachse
• (g) Mischungen pflanzlicher Wachse, tierischer Wachse, Mineralwachse, synthetische Wachse, Mikrowachse und/oder chemisch modifizierter Wachse.

The (optional) coating preferably comprises waxes. For waxing, the following may be preferred:

• (a) vegetable waxes such as preferably carnauba wax, candelilla wax, espartowax, guaruma wax, Japan wax, cork wax, montan wax, ouricury wax, rice germ oil wax and / or sugarcane wax
• (b) animal waxes such as preferably beeswax, rumen grease, wool wax, shellac wax and / or spermaceti
• (c) mineral waxes such as preferably ceresin and / or ozokerite
• (d) chemically modified waxes, preferably hard waxes, in particular hydrogenated jojoba waxes, montan ester waxes and / or sasol waxes
• (e) synthetic waxes, such as preferably paraffin waxes (in particular soft paraffin with a melting point of> 38 ° C.), polyalkylene waxes and / or polyethylene glycol waxes
• (F) microwaxes, so preferably higher melting ingredients of petroleum, which in particular consist of a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons (isoalkanes) and advantageously still contain alkyl-substituted cycloparaffins and alkyl-substituted or naphthene-substituted aromatics advantage legally petrolates, plastic microwaxes and hard microwaxes
• (g) mixtures of vegetable waxes, animal waxes, mineral waxes, synthetic waxes, microwaxes and / or chemically modified waxes.

The (optional) coating preferably comprises esters. For esters Advantageously, the esters of long-chain fatty acids are preferred, especially with at least 22 carbon atoms, e.g. Behenic acid, tetracosanoic acid, cerotic acid and / or triacontanoic etc..

The (optional) coating preferably comprises fats. With fats Preferably, the solid or semi-solid products are meant chemically consist essentially of mixed glycerol esters of higher fatty acids.

The (optional) coating preferably comprises (co) polymers. at The (co) polymers are, in particular, polyethylene glycols, polyacrylic acids, polyacrylamides, Polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polyvinyl acetates and polyvinyl alcohols are preferred.

polyethylene glycols with molecular weights of about 200-5000000 g / mol, corresponding degrees of polymerization Pn from about 5 to> 100,000 are preferred.

Liquid products with molecular weights <approx. 25,000 g / mol can also be used as a coating material.

The high molecular weight, solid polyethylene glycols, also called polyethylene oxides, are also prefers.

As a general rule it is highly preferred if the optional coating contains lipids and / or silicone oils contains, what a preferred embodiment equivalent.

• (a) lipophile Kohlenwasserstoffe (wie beispielsweise auch Triacontan, Squalen oder Carotinoide usw.),
• (b) lipophile Alkohole (wie beispielsweise Wachsalkohole, Retinol oder Cholesterin usw.),
• (c) Etherlipide
• (d) lipophile Carbonsäuren (Fettsäuren),
• (e) lipophile Ester [wie Neutralfette – d.h. Mono-, Di- u. Triacylglycerine (Triglyceride), Sterinester usw.]
• (f) lipophile Amide (wie z.B. Ceramide usw.),
• (g) Wachse
• (h) Lipide mit mehr als 2 Hydrolyseprodukten, wie z.B. Glykolipide, Phospholipide, Sphingolipide und/oder Glycerolipide usw.
• (i) Lipide in Form höhermolekularer Konjugate mit mehr als 2 Hydrolyseprodukten, wie z.B. Lipoproteinen und/oder Lipopolysaccharide usw.,
• (j) Phosphor-freie Glykolipide, wie z.B. Glykosphingolipide (wie vorzugsweiseCerebroside, Ganglioside, Sulfatide) oder wie z.B. Glykoglycerolipide (wie vorzugsweise Glykosyldi- und -monoglyceride)usw.
• (k) Kohlenhydrat-freie Phospholipide, wie z.B. Sphingophospholipide (wie vorzugsweise Sphingomyelinen) oder wie z.B. Glycerophospholipide (wie vorzugsweise Lecithine, Kephaline, Cardiolipine, Phosphatidylinosite und -inositphosphate usw.)
• (l) Mischungen aus Vorgenannten.

Preferred lipids are

• (a) lipophilic hydrocarbons (such as triacontane, squalene or carotenoids, etc.),
• (b) lipophilic alcohols (such as wax alcohols, retinol or cholesterol, etc.),
• (c) ether lipids
• (d) lipophilic carboxylic acids (fatty acids),
• (e) lipophilic esters [such as neutral fats - ie mono-, di-, and the like. Triacylglycerols (triglycerides), sterol esters, etc.]
• (f) lipophilic amides (such as ceramides, etc.),
• (g) waxes
• (h) lipids with more than 2 hydrolysis products, such as glycolipids, phospholipids, sphingolipids and / or glycerolipids etc.
• (i) lipids in the form of higher molecular weight conjugates with more than 2 hydrolysis products, such as lipoproteins and / or lipopolysaccharides, etc.,
• (j) Phosphorus-free glycolipids, such as glycosphingolipids (such as preferably cerebrosides, gangliosides, sulfatides), or such as glycoglycerolipids (such as preferably glycosyl di- and monoglycerides), etc.
• (k) carbohydrate-free phospholipids such as sphingophospholipids (such as preferably sphingomyelins) or such as glycerophospholipids (such as preferably lecithins, cephalins, cardiolipins, phosphatidylinositols and inositol phosphates, etc.)
• (l) mixtures of the foregoing.

In a further preferred embodiment the (optional) coating has unsaponifiable lipid, preferably selected from free fatty acid, Isoprenoid lipids, in particular steroids, carotenoids, monoterpenes etc. and / or tocopherols.

In another preferred embodiment has the (optional) coating saponifiable lipid, preferably selected from mono-, di-, triacylglycerides, phospholipids (phosphatides), glycolipids, Diollipids, waxes and / or sterol esters.

In a further preferred embodiment the (optional) coating has at least one unsaponifiable one and a saponifiable lipid.

In another preferred embodiment, the (optional) coating comprises neutral lipid, preferably selected from fatty acids (> C12), mono-, di-, triacylglycerides, sterols, sterol esters, carotenoids ide, waxes and / or tocopherols.

In another preferred embodiment For example, the (optional) coating has polar lipid, preferably selected from glycerophospholipids, glyceroglycolipids, sphingophospholipids and / or sphingoglycolipids.

In a further preferred embodiment has the (optional) coating depending at least one polar and a non-polar lipid. In another embodiment, the (optional) Coating a silicone oil.

To a preferred embodiment is the (optional) coating applied as a dispersion, ie Advantageously, as a system of several phases, one of which continuous (dispersing agent) and at least one more (fine) is dispersed (dispersed phase), preferably as an emulsion, aerosol or suspension.

Most preferred are suspensions, ie dispersions of insoluble solid particles with particle sizes down to colloidal dimensions (<10 ^-6 cm) in liquids, plastic masses or solidified melts.

• (a) oligomere Titanate und/oder Silane,
• (b) amphotere Dispergiermittel wie z.B. Sojalecithin usw.
• (c) anionische Dispergiermittel wie z.B. oligomere oder polymere Carbonsäuren usw.,
• (d) kationische Dispergiermittel, wie z.B. Polyamine usw.,
• (e) elektroneutrale Dispergiermittel wie z.B. Salze aus langkettigen Polyaminen und. Polycarbonsäuren usw., und/oder
• (f) Amin/Amid-funktionelle Polyester und/oder Amin/Amid-funktionelle Polyacrylate.

Particularly preferred are solvent-containing, advantageously aqueous suspensions of pulverulent components with preferably a few microns in diameter, for example aqueous suspensions of pigments. Solvent-containing systems preferably contain dispersants, such as in particular

• (a) oligomeric titanates and / or silanes,
• (b) amphoteric dispersants such as soy lecithin, etc.
• (c) anionic dispersants such as oligomeric or polymeric carboxylic acids, etc.,
• (d) cationic dispersants, such as polyamines etc.,
• (e) Electroneutral dispersants such as salts of long chain polyamines and. Polycarboxylic acids, etc., and / or
• (f) amine / amide functional polyesters and / or amine / amide functional polyacrylates.

• (a) anorganische Dispergiermittel, hier vorzugsweise so genannte Pickering-Dispergiermittel, also feinkörnige, unlösliche anorganische Verbindungen wie z.B. CaCO₃ oder Ca₃(PO₄)₂, Polyphosphate, wie vorzugsweise Salze der Pyro-, Meta- oder. Polyphosphorsäure der allg. Formel M_n+2 P_nO_3n+1 oder. Mn [H₂P_nO_3n+1] mit M = Na⁺, K⁺, NH⁴⁺; n = 2-10 Oligophosphate, z.B. Pentanatriumtriphosphat Na₅P₃O₁₀, n > 10 Polyphosphate
• (b) abgewandelte Naturstoffe, wie z.B. Gummi arabicum, Alginate, Casein, Gelatine, Sojalecithin, Tannate und/oder Ligninsulfonate und/oder
• (c) synthetische Polymere, z.B. überwiegend wasserlösliche Na⁺- od. NH⁴⁺-Salze anionischer synthetischer Polymerer mit Carboxylat-, Sulfat- od. Sulfonat-Gruppen, Homopolymere, wie vorzugsweise Polyacrylsäure, Polymethacrylsäure,
• (d) Copolymere, wie vorzugsweise Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure mit Vinyl- (Ethen-), Allylsulfonsäure, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropansulfonsäure (AMPS), Acrylamid oder Acrylnitril, Maleinsäureanhydrid mit Ethylen od. anderen 1-Alkenen, Methylvinylether oder Styrol, Polyaldehydocarbonsäuren, wie vorzugsweise Co-, bzw. Terpolymerisate von Acrylsäure, Acrylamid, Acrylnitril, in Gegenwart und unter Einbau von langkettigen, verzweigten oder linearen Mercaptanen als Regler, Naphthalinsulfonat-Formaldehyd-Kondensationsprodukte.

Aqueous systems preferably contain dispersants, such as in particular

• (A) inorganic dispersants, here preferably so-called Pickering dispersants, so fine-grained, insoluble inorganic compounds such as CaCO ₃ or Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ , polyphosphates, such as preferably salts of the pyro, meta- or. Polyphosphoric acid of the general formula M _{n + 2} P _n O _{3n + 1} or. Mn [H ₂ P _n O _{3n + 1} ] with M = Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , NH ⁴⁺ ; n = 2-10 oligophosphates, eg pentasodium triphosphate Na ₅ P ₃ O ₁₀ , n> 10 polyphosphates
• (b) modified natural products such as gum arabic, alginates, casein, gelatin, soy lecithin, tannates and / or lignosulfonates and / or
• (c) synthetic polymers, for example predominantly water-soluble Na ⁺ or NH ⁴⁺ salts of anionic synthetic polymers with carboxylate, sulfate or sulfonate groups, homopolymers, such as preferably polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid,
• (D) copolymers, such as preferably acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with vinyl (ethene), allylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), acrylamide or acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride with ethylene or other 1-alkenes, methyl vinyl ether or styrene, polyaldehydocarboxylic acids , as preferably co-, or terpolymers of acrylic acid, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, in the presence and incorporation of long-chain, branched or linear mercaptans as regulators, naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde condensation products.

In a further preferred embodiment, the (optional) coating comprises colored substances or dyes, brighteners and / or pigments, advantageously in the nanoscale range or in the micrometer range, preferably white pigments, in particular selected from titanium dioxide pigments, in particular anatase pigments and / or rutile pigments, zinc sulfide pigments, zinc oxide (zinc white), antimony trioxide (antimony white), basic lead carbonate (lead white) 2PbCO ₃ Pb (OH) ₂ , lithopone ZnS + BaSO ₄ . Preferably, white auxiliaries, such as preferably calcium carbonate, talc 3MgO · 4SiO ₂ · H ₂ O and / or barium sulfate may be included.

• (a) Buntpigmente (vorzugsweise anorganische Buntpigmente, insbesondere Eisenoxid-Pigmente, Chromat-Pigmente, Eisenblau-Pigmente, Chromoxid-Pigmente, Ultramarin-Pigmente, oxidische Mischphasenpigmente und/oder Bismutvanadat-Pigmente),
• (b) Schwarzpigmente (z.B. Anilinschwarz, Perylenschwarz, Eisenoxid-Pigmente, Manganschwarz und/oder Spinellschwarz),
• (c) Glanzpigmente (vorzugsweise plättchenförmige Effektpigmente, Metalleffektpigmente wie z.B. Aluminium-Pigmente (Silberbronze), Kupfer-Pigmente und Kupfer/Zink-Pigmente (Goldbronzen) und Zink-Pigmente, Perlglanzpigmente, wie z.B. Magnesiumstearat, Zinkstearat, Lithiumstearat oder Ethylenglykoldistearat bzw. Polyethylenterephthalat, Interferenzpigmente wie z.B. Metalloxid-Glimmer-Pigmente) und/oder
• (d) Lumineszenzpigmente wie z.B. Azomethinfluoreszenzgelb, Silber-dotierte und/oder Kupfer-dotierte Zinksulfid-Pigmente handeln.

In another preferred embodiment, the pigments may be um

• (a) colored pigments (preferably inorganic colored pigments, in particular iron oxide pigments, chromate pigments, iron blue pigments, chromium oxide pigments, ultramarine pigments, mixed oxide phase pigments and / or bismuth vanadate pigments),
• (b) black pigments (eg aniline black, perylene black, iron oxide pigments, manganese black and / or spinel black),
• (c) luster pigments (preferably platelet-shaped effect pigments, metallic effect pigments such as aluminum pigments (silver bronze), copper pigments and copper / zinc pigments (gold bronzes) and zinc pigments, pearlescent pigments, for example magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, lithium stearate or ethylene glycol distearate or polyethylene terephthalate , Interference pigments such as metal oxide-mica pigments) and / or
• (d) luminescent pigments such as azomethine fluorescence yellow, silver-doped and / or copper-doped zinc sulfide pigments act.

• (a) Carbonate, wie vorzugsweise Kreide, Kalksteinmehl, Calcit und/oder gefälltes Calciumcarbonat, Dolomit und/oder Bariumcarbonat
• (b) Sulfate, wie vorzugsweise Baryt, Blanc fixe und/oder Calciumsulfate
• (c) Silicate, wie vorzugsweise Talk, Pyrophyllit, Chlorit, Hornblende, Glimmer, Kaolin Wollastonit, Schiefermehl, gefällte Ca-, Al-, Ca-/Al-, Na-/Al-Silicate, Feldspäte und/oder Mutlit
• (d) Kieselsäuren, wie vorzugsweise Quarz, Quarzgut, Cristobalit, Kieselgur, Neuburger Kieselerde, gefällte Kieselsäure, pyrogene Kieselsäure, Glasmehl, Bimsmehl, Perlit, Ca-Metasilicate und/oder Fasern aus Schmelzen von Glas, Basalten, Schlacken
• (e) Oxide, wie insbesondere Aluminiumhydroxid und/oder Magnesiumhydroxid
• (f) organische Fasern, wie insbesondere Textil-Fasern, Cellulose-Fasern, Polyethylen-Fasern, Polypropylen-Fasern, Polyamid-Fasern, Polyacrylonitril-Fasern und/oder Polyester-Fasern, vorzugsweise mit Längen im Nanometer bzw. Mikrometerbereich und/oder
• (g) Mehle, wie z.B. Stärkemehle.

The (optional) coating may preferably also comprise the following substances:

• (a) carbonates, such as preferably chalk, limestone, calcite and / or precipitated calcium carbonate, dolomite and / or barium carbonate
• (b) sulphates, such as preferably barite, blanc-fixed and / or calcium sulphates
• (c) silicates, such as preferably talc, pyrophyllite, chlorite, hornblende, mica, kaolin wollastonite, slate, precipitated Ca, Al, Ca / Al, Na / Al silicates, feldspars and / or mutlite
• (d) silicas such as, preferably, quartz, fused silica, cristobalite, diatomaceous earth, Neuburg Siliceous Earth, precipitated silica, fumed silica, glass flour, pumice, perlite, Ca-metasilicates and / or fibers from melts of glass, basalt, slags
• (E) oxides, in particular aluminum hydroxide and / or magnesium hydroxide
• (F) organic fibers, such as in particular textile fibers, cellulose fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyamide fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers and / or polyester fibers, preferably with lengths in the nanometer or micrometer range and / or
• (g) flours, such as cornstarch.

In a preferred embodiment the (optional) coating lowers the rate of dissolution of the whole Particles around 5% based on 20 ° C cold water, i. that the coated granules accordingly need more time in full in 20 ° C to dissolve cold water, based on the dissolution of 60 grams of the particles in one liter of tap water in a 2-liter beaker with emotion with a stirrer / magnetic stirrer (250 UPM) at 20 ° C. In further preferred embodiments can lower the rate of dissolution the total particle at a value of preferably 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%. At a value of 100% will take so the complete particle resolution twice as long as without coating. After another preferred embodiment can lower the rate of dissolution the total particle even at an even higher value, preferably at 150%, 200%, 250%, 300%, 350%, 400%, 450% or 500%.

If the uncoated particle is already solved after 1 minute, that would be the coated tablet at a value of 500% only after 5 minutes solved.

In a preferred embodiment are in the optionally coated granules, preferably in the core and / or in the shell effervescent or effervescent components.

One Granules according to the invention consists of a core and surrounding shell material. This does not necessarily mean that the shell material completely covers the core got to. It is only necessary that the particles surrounding the nucleus surround or cover this at least partially, so that preferably at least 10%, in a further favorable case at least 15%, in even more advantageously at least 20%, in an advantageous manner At least 25%, more preferably at least 30%, in a very advantageous manner at least 35%, in considerably more advantageous Way at least 40%, in more advantageous Way at least 45%, especially at least 50% of the outer visible surface of the core is covered by the surrounding particles (= degree of coverage), what a preferred embodiment equivalent.

To another preferred embodiment but the coverage should not exceed certain maximum values, such maximum values is in particular at a value of 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%, but you can even at a lower value, in particular at 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% or 45%.

To a further preferred embodiment but it can also be desired be that the degree of coverage reaches very high levels, preferably the degree of coverage may be at least 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%.

• (a) kubisch geformt (würfelförmig) oder zumindest annähernd kubisch geformt oder
• (b) parallelepiped geformt (z.B. quaderförmig) oder zumindest annähernd parallelepiped geformt oder
• (c) lamellar geformt (plättchenförmig und ähnliches) oder zumindest annähernd lamellar geformt oder
• (d) nadelartig oder faserartig geformt oder zumindest annähernd nadelartig oder faserartig oder
• (e) strangartig oder zumindest annähernd strangartig geformt sein.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the core as such is uniform, preferably almost spherical or ellipsoidal. The ellipsoid is similar to the sphere, but the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis are different. However, the core can also be other embodiments

• (a) cubic (cube-shaped) or at least approximately cubic-shaped or
• (b) shaped parallelepiped (eg cuboid) or at least approximately parallelepiped shaped or
• (c) lamellar (platy and the like) or at least approximately lamellar or
• (d) needle-like or fibrous-shaped, or at least approximately needle-like or fibrous, or
• (e) be strand-like or at least approximately strand-like.

According to one another preferred embodiment the core as such is uneven, preferably so not spherical or ellipsoid, but of irregular shape. Such a form characterized for example by the irregular presence of corners, Pips, points and edges, bulges and indentations, tears or bubbles out. From the center of the core therefore have the majority the points of the surface essentially an unequal distance. Such a form may, for example taper on one side, have a dent or a plate Side have.

• (a) die Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl, der Kerne der, optional beschichteten, Granulate im wesentlichen gleichmäßig, vorzugsweise nahezu kugelförmig oder ellipsoid ausgebildet ist, oder
• (b) die Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl, der Kerne der, optional beschichteten, Granulate ungleichmäßig ausgebildet ist, oder
• (c) Mischungen im wesentlichen gleichmäßig und ungleichmäßig ausgebildeter Kerne vorliegen, vorzugsweise im Verhältnis 200 : 1 bis 1 : 200. Dies entspricht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform.

A collective of, optionally coated, granules, for example a washing powder consisting of granules, can now be characterized in that

• (A) the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number, the cores of the, optionally coated, granules is substantially uniform, preferably almost spherical or ellipsoidal, or
• (b) the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number, of the cores of the optionally coated granules is unevenly formed, or
• (c) mixtures of substantially uniformly and non-uniformly formed cores are present, preferably in the ratio of 200: 1 to 1: 200. This corresponds to a preferred embodiment.

there the collective of optionally coated granules may also be one Sub-collective of a larger collective be, i. the collective of, optionally coated, granules forms together with other particles a total collective.

• (a) in der Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl der Kerne, eine eher einheitliche Korngröße aufweisen, oder
• (b) in der Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl der Kerne, eine eher uneinheitliche Korngröße aufweisen, oder
• (c) eine Mischung von Kernen sehr einheitlicher Korngröße mit Kernen sehr uneinheitlicher Korngröße darstellen, vorzugsweise im Verhältnis 200 : 1 bis 1 : 200. Dies entspricht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform.

A collective of optionally coated granules, for example a washing powder consisting of granules, may be distinguished by the fact that the cores of the collective

• (a) in the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number of cores, have a more uniform grain size, or
• (b) in the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number of cores, have a rather non-uniform grain size, or
• (C) represent a mixture of cores of very uniform grain size with cores of very non-uniform grain size, preferably in the ratio of 200: 1 to 1: 200. This corresponds to a preferred embodiment.

there the collective of optionally coated granules may also be one Sub-collective of a larger collective be, i. the collective of, optionally coated, granules forms together with other particles a total collective.

A rather uniform grain size is preferably present when the cores are present substantially in the most uniform particle size distribution, in which the ratio of d ₅₀ to d ₉₀ at least 0.50, preferably at least 0.6, advantageously at least 0.75, in further advantageously at least 0.80.

• (a) in der Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl der Kerne, eine eher einheitliche Dichte aufweisen, oder
• (b) in der Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl der Kerne, eine eher unterschiedliche Dichte aufweisen, oder
• (c) eine Mischung von Kernen sehr einheitlicher mit Kernen sehr uneinheitlicher Dichte darstellen, vorzugsweise im Verhältnis 200 : 1 bis 1 : 200. Dies entspricht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform.

A collective of optionally coated granules, for example a washing powder consisting of granules, may be distinguished by the fact that the cores of the collective

• (a) in the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number of cores, have a more uniform density, or
• (b) in the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number of cores, have a rather different density, or
• (c) represent a mixture of cores of very uniform density with nuclei of very non-uniform density, preferably in the ratio of 200: 1 to 1: 200. This corresponds to a preferred embodiment.

there the collective of optionally coated granules may also be one Sub-collective of a larger collective be, i. the collective of, optionally coated, granules forms together with other particles a total collective.

• (a) in der Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl der Kerne; einen eher einheitlichen strukturellen Aufbau aufweisen, d.h. z.B. entweder Einkörner, Extrudate oder Agglomerate usw. sind, oder
• (b) in der Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl der Kerne, einen eher unterschiedlichen strukturellen Aufbau aufweisen, d.h. sowohl als Extrudate, Agglomerate, Einkörner usw. vorliegen, oder
• (c) eine Mischung von Kernen sehr einheitlichen strukturellen Aufbaus mit Kernen sehr uneinheitlicher Dichte darstellen. Dies entspricht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform.

A collective of optionally coated granules, for example a washing powder consisting of granules, may be distinguished by the fact that the cores of the collective

• (a) in the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number of cores; have a rather uniform structural design, ie, for example, are single grains, extrudates or agglomerates, etc., or
• (b) in the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number of cores, have a rather different structural configuration, ie both extrudates, agglomerates, single grains, etc., or
• (c) represent a mixture of cores of very uniform structural composition with nuclei of very inconsistent density. This corresponds to a preferred embodiment.

there the collective of optionally coated granules may also be one Sub-collective of a larger collective be, i. the collective of, optionally coated, granules forms together with other particles a total collective.

• (a) in der Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl der Kerne, eine eher einheitliche chemische Zusammensetzung, bezogen auf das Kollektiv, aufweisen, oder
• (b) in der Mehrheit, vorzugsweise zumindest 75%, insbesondere die Gesamtzahl der Kerne, einen eher uneinheitliche chemische Zusammensetzung, bezogen auf das Kollektiv, aufweisen, oder
• (c) eine Mischung von Kernen mit sehr einheitlicher chemischer Zusammensetzung mit Kernen sehr uneinheitlicher chemischer Zusammensetzung, bezogen auf das Kollektiv, darstellen. Dies entspricht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform.

A collective of optionally coated granules, for example a washing powder consisting of granules, may be distinguished by the fact that the cores of the collective

• (a) in the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number of cores, have a more uniform chemical composition, relative to the collective, or
• (b) in the majority, preferably at least 75%, in particular the total number of cores, have a rather non-uniform chemical composition relative to the collective, or
• (c) a mixture of cores of very uniform chemical composition with cores of a very non-uniform chemical composition, relative to the collective. This corresponds to a preferred embodiment.

there the collective of optionally coated granules may also be one Sub-collective of a larger collective be, i. the collective of, optionally coated, granules forms together with other particles a total collective.

• (i) Ein Kollektiv von, optional beschichteten, Granulaten, beispielsweise ein Waschpulver bestehend aus Granulaten, kann sich dadurch auszeichnen, dass die Kerne des Kollektivs als individuelle Objekte jeweils eine homogene Verteilung zumindest eines (vorzugsweise ein und derselbe) in ihnen enthaltenen Aktivstoffes (z.B. Tensid oder Builder usw.) aufweisen, wobei im durch dieselben, optional beschichteten, Granulate gebildeten Kollektiv a) ebenfalls eine homogene Verteilung des (der) betreffenden Aktivstoffe(s) über das Kollektiv gegeben ist, oder aber β) eine heterogene Verteilung des (der) betreffenden Aktivstoffe(s) über das Kollektiv gegeben ist. Vereinfacht ausgedrückt bedeutet dies, dass ein Partikelkollektiv ψ vorliegt. In allen Partikeln dieses Kollektivs ψ ist zumindest ein (vorzugsweise ein und derselbe) Aktivstoff homogen verteilt. Im Fall α) enthalten alle Partikel des Kollektivs ψ außerdem dieselbe Menge an dem betreffenden Aktivstoff. Dies ist der Fall einer homogenen Individualverteilung in einem homogenen Kollektiv. In dem Fall β) enthalten die Partikel dagegen unterschiedliche Mengen an dem betreffenden Aktivstoff, wenn auch die unterschiedlichen Mengen in jeder individuellen Partikel homogen verteilt sind. Dies ist der Fall einer homogenen Individualverteilung in einem heterogenem Kollektiv. Dabei kann das Kollektiv der, optional beschichteten, Granulate auch ein Subkollektiv eines größeren Gesamtkollektivs sein, d.h. das Kollektiv der, optional beschichteten, Granulate bildet zusammen mit weiteren Teilchen ein Gesamtkollektiv.
• (ii) Ein Kollektiv von, optional beschichteten, Granulaten, beispielsweise ein Waschpulver bestehend aus Granulaten, kann sich dadurch auszeichnen, dass die Kerne des Kollektivs als individuelle Objekte jeweils eine heterogen Verteilung zumindest eines (vorzugsweise ein und derselbe) in ihnen enthaltenen Aktivstoffes (z.B. Tensid oder Builder usw.) aufweisen (also einen Konzentrationsgradienten des Aktivstoffes über eine Partikel aufweisen bzw. lokale Anreicherungen des Aktivstoffes auftreten), wobei im durch dieselben, optional beschichteten, Granulate gebildeten Kollektiv χ) ebenfalls eine heterogene Verteilung des (der) betreffenden Aktivstoffe(s) über das Kollektiv gegeben ist, oder aber δ) eine homogene Verteilung des (der) betreffenden Aktivstoffe(s) über das Kollektiv gegeben ist. Vereinfacht ausgedrückt bedeutet dies, dass ein Partikelkollektiv ξ vorliegt. In allen Partikeln dieses Kollektivs ξ ist zumindest ein (ein und derselbe) Aktivstoff heterogen verteilt. Im Fall χ) enthalten alle Partikel des Kollektivs ξ außerdem unterschiedliche Mengen an dem betreffenden Aktivstoff. Dies ist der Fall einer heterogenen Individualverteilung in einem heterogenen Kollektiv. In dem Fall δ) enthalten die Partikel dagegen gleiche Mengen an dem betreffenden Aktivstoff, wenn auch die gleichen Mengen in jeder individuellen Partikel inhomogen verteilt sind. Dies ist der Fall einer heterogenen Individualverteilung in einem homogenen Kollektiv. Dabei kann das Kollektiv der, optional beschichteten, Granulate auch ein Subkollektiv eines größeren Gesamtkollektivs sein, d.h. das Kollektiv der, optional beschichteten, Granulate bildet zusammen mit weiteren Teilchen ein Gesamtkollektiv.
• (iii) Ein Kollektiv von, optional beschichteten, Granulaten, beispielsweise ein Waschpulver bestehend aus Granulaten, kann sich dadurch auszeichnen, dass die Kerne des Kollektivs als individuelle Objekte jeweils eine homogene Massenverteilung aufweisen (d.h. es liegt kein Dichtegradient im individuellen Kern vor), wobei im durch dieselben, optional beschichteten, Granulate gebildeten Kollektiv ε) ebenfalls eine homogene Massenverteilung über das Kollektiv gegeben ist (d.h. es liegt kein Dichtegradient über das Kollektiv als Gesamtheit vor, so dass alle das Kollektiv, bildenden Teilchen nahezu dieselbe Dichte aufweisen), oder aber φ) eine heterogene Massenverteilung über das Kollektiv gegeben ist (d.h. es liegt ein Dichtegradient über das Kollektiv als Gesamtheit vor, so dass also die das Kollektiv bildenden Teilchen nicht nahezu dieselben Dichten aufweisen). Vereinfacht ausgedrückt bedeutet dies, dass ein Partikelkollektiv ϑ vorliegt. In keinem der Partikel dieses Kollektivs θ liegt ein Dichtegradient vor. Im Fall ε) haben allen Partikel des Kollektivs ϑ außerdem die gleiche Dichte. Dies ist der Fall einer homogenen Individualverteilung in einem homogenen Kollektiv. In dem Fall φ) haben nicht alle Partikel des Kollektivs θ die gleiche Dichte. Dies ist der Fall einer homogenen Individualverteilung in einem heterogenem Kollektiv. Dabei kann das Kollektiv der, optional beschichteten, Granulate auch ein Subkollektiv eines größeren Gesamtkollektivs sein, d.h. das Kollektiv der, optional beschichteten, Granulate bildet zusammen mit weiteren Teilchen ein Gesamtkollektiv.
• (iv) Ein Kollektiv von, optional beschichteten, Granulaten, beispielsweise ein Waschpulver bestehend aus Granulaten, kann sich dadurch auszeichnen, dass die Kerne des Kollektivs als individuelle Objekte jeweils eine heterogene Massenverteilung aufweisen (d.h. es liegt jeweils ein Dichtegradient im individuellen Kern vor), wobei im durch dieselben, optional beschichteten, Granulate gebildeten Kollektiv γ) ebenfalls eine heterogene Massenverteilung über das Kollektiv gegeben ist (d.h. es liegt ein Dichtegradient über das Kollektiv als Gesamtheit vor, so dass die das Kollektiv bildenden Teilchen nicht alle dieselbe Dichte aufweisen), oder aber η) eine homogene Massenverteilung über das Kollektiv gegeben ist (d.h. es liegt kein Dichtegradient über das Kollektiv als Gesamtheit vor, so dass also die das Kollektiv bildenden Teilchen dieselben Dichten aufweisen). Vereinfacht ausgedrückt bedeutet dies, dass ein Partikelkollektiv Π vorliegt. Die einzelnen Partikel dieses Kollektivs Π weisen einen Dichtegradienten auf. Im Fall γ) weisen die Partikel des Kollektivs Π im Vergleich untereinander außerdem unterschiedliche Dichten auf. Dies ist der Fall einer heterogenen Individualverteilung in einem heterogenen Kollektiv. In dem Fall η) weisen die Partikel des Kollektivs Π im Vergleich untereinander jeweils gleiche Dichten auf. Dies ist der Fall einer heterogenen Individualverteilung in einem homogenen Kollektiv. Dabei kann das Kollektiv der, optional beschichteten, Granulate auch ein Subkollektiv eines größeren Gesamtkollektivs sein, d.h. das Kollektiv der, optional beschichteten, Granulate bildet zusammen mit weiteren Teilchen ein Gesamtkollektiv.

Further, the following cases (i) to (iv) represent preferred embodiments of the invention:

• (i) A collective of optionally coated granules, for example a washing powder consisting of granules, can be distinguished by the fact that the cores of the collective as individual objects each have a homogeneous distribution of at least one (preferably one and the same) active substance contained in them (eg Surfactant or builder, etc.), wherein in the group formed by the same, optionally coated granules a) is also a homogeneous distribution of the relevant active substances (s) on the collective, or β) a heterogeneous distribution of the ( ) active substances (s) through the collective. In simple terms, this means that there is a particle collective ψ. In all particles of this collective ψ at least one (preferably one and the same) active substance is homogeneously distributed. In the case α), all particles of the collective ψ also contain the same amount of the active substance in question. This is the case of a homogeneous individual distribution in a homogeneous collective. In the case of β), however, the particles contain different amounts of the active substance in question, although the different amounts in each individual particles are homogeneously distributed. This is the case of a homogeneous individual distribution in a heterogeneous collective. In this case, the collective of the optionally coated granules may also be a sub-collective of a larger total collective, ie the collective of the optionally coated granules forms together with further particles a total collective.
• (ii) A collective of optionally coated granules, for example a washing powder consisting of granules, may be distinguished by the fact that the cores of the collective as individual objects each have a heterogeneous distribution of at least one (preferably one and the same) active substance contained in them (eg Surfactant or builder, etc.) (ie a concentration gradient of the active substance via a particle or local accumulations of the active substance occur), wherein in the group formed by the same, optionally coated granules ebenfalls) also a heterogeneous distribution of (the) relevant active substances ( s) is given through the collective, or δ) there is a homogeneous distribution of the relevant active substance (s) through the collective. In simple terms, this means that there is a particle collective ξ. In all particles of this collective ξ at least one (one and the same) active substance is distributed heterogeneously. In the case χ) all particles of the collective ξ also contain different amounts of the active substance in question. This is the case of a he terogeneous individual distribution in a heterogeneous collective. In the case δ), however, the particles contain equal amounts of the active substance in question, although the same amounts are distributed inhomogeneous in each individual particles. This is the case of a heterogeneous individual distribution in a homogeneous collective. In this case, the collective of the optionally coated granules may also be a sub-collective of a larger total collective, ie the collective of the optionally coated granules forms together with further particles a total collective.
• (iii) A collective of optionally coated granules, for example a washing powder consisting of granules, can be distinguished by the fact that the cores of the collective as individual objects each have a homogeneous mass distribution (ie there is no density gradient in the individual core), where in the group formed by the same, optionally coated granules ε) is also given a homogeneous mass distribution over the collective (ie there is no density gradient across the collective as a whole, so that all the collective, forming particles have almost the same density), or φ) is given a heterogeneous mass distribution over the collective (ie there is a density gradient over the collective as a whole, so that therefore the particles forming the collective do not have nearly the same densities). In simple terms, this means that a particle collective θ is present. In none of the particles of this collective θ is there a density gradient. In the case ε) all particles of the collective θ also have the same density. This is the case of a homogeneous individual distribution in a homogeneous collective. In the case φ), not all particles of the collective θ have the same density. This is the case of a homogeneous individual distribution in a heterogeneous collective. In this case, the collective of the optionally coated granules may also be a sub-collective of a larger total collective, ie the collective of the optionally coated granules forms together with further particles a total collective.
• (iv) A collective of optionally coated granules, for example a washing powder consisting of granules, may be distinguished by the fact that the cores of the collective each have a heterogeneous mass distribution as individual objects (ie there is a density gradient in each individual nucleus), the collective γ) formed by the same, optionally coated, granules also being given a heterogeneous mass distribution over the collective (ie there is a density gradient across the collective as a whole, so that the particles forming the collective do not all have the same density), or but η) is given a homogeneous mass distribution over the collective (ie there is no density gradient over the collective as a whole, so that therefore the particles forming the collective have the same densities). In simple terms, this means that there is a particle collective Π. The individual particles of this collective Π have a density gradient. In the case of γ), the particles of the collective Π also have different densities in comparison with each other. This is the case of a heterogeneous individual distribution in a heterogeneous collective. In the case η), the particles of the collective Π have the same densities in comparison with each other. This is the case of a heterogeneous individual distribution in a homogeneous collective. In this case, the collective of the optionally coated granules may also be a sub-collective of a larger total collective, ie the collective of the optionally coated granules forms together with further particles a total collective.

It is possible within the scope of the invention, that the core as such, before being surrounded with the shell material is coated, i. ie e.g. with a solution, dispersion, Melt or emulsion of certain active substances is coated. This corresponds to a preferred embodiment. To (optional) Coating the core come materials comprising substances like nonionic surfactants, Cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, silicone oil, triglycerides, terpenes, perfume, glycerine and / or (co) polymer (solutions) in question. Furthermore, all those substances come into question, which for the Coating the granules elsewhere in this description be revealed.

As well Is it possible, that an uncoated granules as such before it becomes optional is coated, previously impregnated is, i. e.g. So with a solution, Dispersion or emulsion of certain active ingredients soaked to modify the properties of the granules. This matches with a preferred embodiment.

to impregnation of the core or granules impregnating, preferably silicone-containing impregnating agents are used, So mixtures, which advantageously different polysiloxanes with condensable Contain groups that advantageously more or less strong make water repellent. Preference is given to impregnation Means used which the hydrophobization of the core or the Serve granules.

preferred Water repellents are also agents that contain silicones, too Means, e.g. Paraffins, waxes, metal soaps (partly also with additives on aluminum or zirconium salts), quaternary ammonium compounds with long-chain alkyl radicals, urea derivatives, fatty acid-modified Melamine resins, chromium complex salts, tin organic compounds and / or Contain glutaraldehyde.

Basically it of course also a hydrophilization possible, which corresponds to a preferred embodiment. The hydrophilization takes place with the aid of hydrophilizing agent, the e.g. applied in the form of aqueous solutions become. It is e.g. for preparations of ionogenic or non-ionic polymers, ethoxylation products and the like. It is e.g. possible Hydrophilize the nucleus before it is surrounded by the shell.

• (a) lipophile Kohlenwasserstoffe (wie beispielsweise auch Triacontan, Squalen, oder Carotinoide usw.),
• (b) lipophile Alkohole (wie beispielsweise Wachsalkohole, Retinol oder Cholesterin usw.),
• (c) Etherlipide
• (d) lipophile Carbonsäuren (Fettsäuren),
• (e) lipophile Ester [ wie Neutralfette – d.h. Mono-, Di- u. Triacylglycerine (Triglyceride), Sterinester usw.]
• (f) lipophile Amide ( wie z.B. Ceramide usw.),
• (g) Wachse
• (h) Lipide mit mehr als 2 Hydrolyseprodukten, wie z.B. Glykolipide, Phospholipide, Sphingolipide und/oder Glycerolipide usw.
• (i) Lipide in Form höhermolekularer Konjugate mit mehr als 2 Hydrolyseprodukten, wie z.B. Lipoproteinen und/oder Lipopolysaccharide usw.,
• (j) Phosphor-freie Glykolipide, wie z.B. Glykosphingolipide (wie vorzugsweiseCerebroside, Ganglioside, Sulfatide) oder wie z.B. Glykoglycerolipide (wie vorzugsweise Glykosyldi- und -monoglyceride)usw.
• (k) Kohlenhydrat-freie Phospholipide, wie z.B. Sphingophospholipide (wie vorzugsweise Sphingomyelinen) oder wie z.B. Glycerophospholipide (wie vorzugsweise Lecithine, Kephaline, Cardiolipine, Phosphatidylinosite und -inositphosphate usw.) und/oder
• (l) Mischungen aus Vorgenannten.

For impregnation, agents containing lipids are preferably used. Preferred lipids are

• (a) lipophilic hydrocarbons (such as triacontane, squalene, or carotenoids, etc.),
• (b) lipophilic alcohols (such as wax alcohols, retinol or cholesterol, etc.),
• (c) ether lipids
• (d) lipophilic carboxylic acids (fatty acids),
• (e) lipophilic esters [such as neutral fats - ie mono-, di-, and the like. Triacylglycerols (triglycerides), sterol esters, etc.]
• (f) lipophilic amides (such as ceramides, etc.),
• (g) waxes
• (h) lipids with more than 2 hydrolysis products, such as glycolipids, phospholipids, sphingolipids and / or glycerolipids etc.
• (i) lipids in the form of higher molecular weight conjugates with more than 2 hydrolysis products, such as lipoproteins and / or lipopolysaccharides, etc.,
• (j) Phosphorus-free glycolipids, such as glycosphingolipids (such as preferably cerebrosides, gangliosides, sulfatides), or such as glycoglycerolipids (such as preferably glycosyl di- and monoglycerides), etc.
• (k) carbohydrate-free phospholipids such as sphingophospholipids (such as preferably sphingomyelins) or such as glycerophospholipids (such as preferably lecithins, cephalins, cardiolipins, phosphatidylinositols and inositol phosphates, etc.) and / or
• (l) mixtures of the foregoing.

In a further preferred embodiment has the impregnating agent unsaponifiable lipid, preferably selected from free fatty acids, isoprenoid lipids, in particular steroids, carotenoids, monoterpenes etc. and / or Tocopherols.

In another preferred embodiment has the impregnating agent saponifiable lipid, preferably selected from mono-, di-, triacylglycerides, Phospholipids (phosphatides), glycolipids, diollipids, waxes and or sterol ester.

In a further preferred embodiment has the impregnating agent at least one unsaponifiable and one saponifiable lipid.

In another preferred embodiment has the impregnating agent neutral lipid, preferably selected from fatty acids (> C12), mono-, di-, Triacylglycerols, sterols, sterol esters, carotenoids, waxes and / or Tocopherols.

In another preferred embodiment has the impregnating agent polar lipid, preferably selected from glycerophospholipids, Glyceroglycolipids, sphingophospholipids and / or sphingoglycolipids.

In a further preferred embodiment has the impregnating agent at least one polar and one nonpolar lipid.

It is also possible in the (optional) coating of the granules, a partial hydrophobization to make, so make the surface of the particles hydrophobic by coating water repellents, preferably agents such as silicones, paraffins, waxes, metal soaps (sometimes with additions of aluminum or zirconium salts), quaternary ammonium compounds with long-chain alkyl Radicals, urea derivatives, fatty acid-modified melamine resins, chromium complex salts, organotin compounds and / or glutardialdehyde.

It is possible, too in the (optional) coating of the granules, a partial hydrophilization to accomplish, so the surface make the particle hydrophilic, e.g. by applying aqueous solutions as a coating the granules are applied, in particular preparations of ionogenic or nonionic polymers, ethoxylation products and the same. Particularly suitable for hydrophilization e.g. Polyethylenglykolsorbitanfettsäureester and comparable Substances.

Also the solubility the shell as such can be manipulated individually, namely advantageously over the choice of granulation aid. The granulating agent can for example, be more hydrophobic, with the result that the shell in water Environment dissolves more slowly. If the granulating agent is rather hydrophobic then it is in context of this invention in the further description simplified by a "hydrophobic bound "shell the speech.

The For example, granulation aids may be more hydrophilic, with the consequence that the shell in aqueous Environment dissolves faster. If the granulating agent is rather hydrophilic then it is in context this invention in the further description of a "hydrophilic bound "shell the speech.

the Freedom of design of the expert are virtually unlimited. Of course can be produced according to the invention Granules also advantageous in pouches, bags or sachets apply. Another object of the invention is a pouch, bag or Sack, containing inventively producible Granules.

One Another object of the invention is a shaped body, preferably tablet, containing inventively producible Granules.

One Another object of the invention is a detergent or cleaning agent containing producible according to the invention Granules, in particular a detergent containing care components.

• (a) Reinigungskomponente, enthaltend beispielsweise Tenside wie vorzugsweise Alkansulfonate, Alkylethersulfate, Alkylpolyglucoside und/oder Cocoamidopropyl-Betain
• (b) Klarspülkomponente, enthaltend beispielsweise nichtionische Tenside, vorzugsweise auf Fettalkohol-Basis, insbesondere mit Zusätzen niederer Alkohole als Lösungsvermittler und vorteilhafterweise von Citronensäure
• (c) Enthärtungskomponente, enthaltend beispielsweise Phosphonat, Polycarboxylat, Natriumgluconat, Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure (EDTA), Nitrilotriessigsäure (NTA) und/oder Aluminiumsilicaten (Zeolithen)
• (d) Optional: weitere Bestandteile wie vorzugsweise Silber-/Glasschutz-Komponente

Another object of the invention is a cleaning agent containing producible granules according to the invention, preferably containing dishwashing detergent

• (A) cleaning component containing, for example, surfactants such as preferably alkanesulfonates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl polyglucosides and / or cocoamidopropyl betaine
• (b) Rinse aid component containing, for example, nonionic surfactants, preferably on a fatty alcohol basis, in particular with additions of lower alcohols as solubilizers and advantageously of citric acid
• (c) softening component containing, for example, phosphonate, polycarboxylate, sodium gluconate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and / or aluminum silicates (zeolites)
• (d) Optional: other ingredients such as preferably silver / glass protection component

To a further preferred embodiment is the optional coating of the present invention can be produced Granules pH and / or temperature and / or ionic strength-sensitive or contains pH and / or temperature and / or ionic strength-sensitive Materials. According to another embodiment, the shell is pH and / or temperature and / or ionic strength-sensitive or contains pH and / or Temperature and / or Ionic strength-sensitive Materials. In another embodiment, the core is pH and / or temperature and / or ionic strength-sensitive or contains pH and / or Temperature and / or ionic strength-sensitive materials.

In the following, the terminology of the pH and / or temperature and / or ionic strength sensitivity will be explained mainly by the example of the optional coating. However, it is clear to the person skilled in the art that he can readily apply the same mechanisms to the preparation of the core and shell (shell material). The core may be, for example, a granulate which consists of subparticles which are held together by a pH and / or temperature and / or ionic strength-sensitive material. Under adjustable conditions regarding pH and / or temperature and / or ionic strength, the core can thus lose its integrity, ie decay. The shell may, for example, have been applied to the core with a granulation liquid sensitive to pH and / or temperature and / or ionic strength. Under adjustable conditions With regard to pH and / or temperature and / or ionic strength, the shell can thus lose its integrity and dissolve.

• (a) eine Änderung (Zunahme oder Abnahme) der Löslichkeit (vorzugsweise in Wasser) erfährt/erfahren; und/oder
• (b) eine Änderung (Zunahme oder Abnahme) der Diffusionsdichte erfährt erfahren; und/oder
• (c) eine Änderung (Beschleunigung oder Verlangsamung) der Lösungskinetik erfährt/erfahren; und/oder
• (d) eine Änderung (Zunahme oder Abnahme) der mechanischen Stabilität erfährt/erfahren.

By the term pH sensitivity, temperature sensitivity and / or ionic strength sensitivity is meant that the coating or the materials forming the coating with a change in the pH, the temperature and / or the ionic strength in the environment, which is exposed to the coating (eg a wash liquor),

• (a) undergoes a change (increase or decrease) in solubility (preferably in water); and or
• (b) undergoes a change (increase or decrease) in the diffusion density experienced; and or
• (c) undergoes a change (acceleration or deceleration) in the solution kinetics; and or
• (d) undergoes a change (increase or decrease) in mechanical stability.

For the temperature sensitivity there are in addition to the above options (a) to (d), the additional option (E), after the coating or the coating forming Materials in case of a change the temperature is a change of the state of matter from solid to liquid or vice versa, i.e. the materials melt or solidify.

When therefor suitable coating material may in the context of the invention All those materials whose integrity is a function of temperature serve and / or the pH and / or ionic strength or even such materials, the nature of mechanical stress as e.g. in the course of an automatic Laundry process occur, their integrity to lose.

advantageously, can the pH sensitivity the (optional) coating can be used. The (optional) coating may, for example, be designed to dissolve in whole or in part if the pH falls below a critical level. This can be the example a washing process then happen when the alkaline wash water is removed from the machine and fresh water into the machine introduced, preferably in the rinse cycle the washing process. If in contact with the fresh water, lose it the coating then wholly or partly their integrity and power so that the granules for the water is penetrable. The relevant pH at which the coating completely or partially disintegrated, can be set arbitrarily, for example, the material then its integrity completely or partially loses when the pH z. B. falls below 9.0, but remains substantially inert as long as the pH is above 10, 0 is.

Of the Term "inert" according to the invention in the usual Understood sense, thus in the way that a physical or chemically reacting the material of the coating with the ambient environment essentially not done, but the material of the coating physically and chemically resistant opposite this so that the granules are protected from penetration by the environment, e.g. the wash liquor is substantially protected.

The can be produced according to the invention Granules can have multiple shells and they can have multiple coatings be applied. According to one preferred embodiment Therefore, the invention surrounding the core of the granules Particles are applied to the core in multiple layers. According to one another preferred embodiment According to the invention, the granules are coated several times.

To multi-shell granules in the sense of this application can be obtained if a received granulate as "core" for one (or more) further Granulationsvorgänge is taken. The granules will So again used as a new core and with other particles surround. In this case, new particles are then added to the original granulate applied. It is preferred that the shells in at least one Distinguish parameters from each other, for example by physical Parameters such as their density, their size, and / or by chemical Parameters, i. different chemical substances.

In a preferred embodiment Core materials and shell material differ in at least 1 physical and / or chemical parameters.

To One can get granules with several coatings, if one on the finished granules, on which already a coating followed by one (or more) further coatings applies. So you can, for example a first nonionic surfactant-containing coating and a subsequent perfume-containing Apply coating, etc ..

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the diameter d _{50 is} the Core particles of the compositions according to the invention preferably in the range of 0.05 to 5 mm.

The lower limit of the diameter d _{50 of} the core particles of the agents according to the invention may preferably also be at a value such as in particular 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.11 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.13 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.16 mm, 0.17 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.19 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.21 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.23 mm, 0.24 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.26 mm, 0.27 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.30 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm or 1.0 mm or even between these values, for example, at 0.35 mm, 0.45 mm, etc. lie.

Less advantageous, but also possible according to another embodiment, it would also be if the diameter d _{50 of} the core particles of the inventive compositions smaller than 0.05 mm, for example, a value such as preferably 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.03 mm or 0.04 mm.

The upper limit of the diameter d _{50 of} the core particles of the compositions according to the invention may preferably also be given a value such as in particular 4.8 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.0 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.0 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.0 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.2 mm or 1.0 mm or even between these values, eg at 4.7 mm, 4.5 mm etc.

Less advantageous, but it would also be possible according to another embodiment, even if the diameter d _{50 of} the core particles of the inventive compositions greater than 5.0 mm, for example, a value such as in particular 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm or 10 mm or values which lie between these values, eg at 5.5 mm, 6.5 mm etc.

The particles surrounding the core are advantageously not powdered. According to general understanding, powder is a type of flour, ie an accumulation of solid particles having a particle size preferably below 100 nm. It is also advantageous for process engineering reasons, if the particles do not fall below a certain minimum size. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore, the particles surrounding the core have a particle diameter d ₅₀ which is preferably at least 1/100, advantageously at least 1/80, more preferably at least 1/70, more preferably at least 1/60 even more preferably, at least 1/50, most preferably at least 1/40 and especially at least 1/35 of the particle diameter d _{50 of} the cores.

However, the particle diameter d ₅₀ of the particles surrounding the core is preferably greater than 2, 3, 4 or 5 μm.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the particles surrounding the core have a largely uniform particle size, wherein advantageously the particle size distribution of the particles surrounding the core is such that the ratio of d ₅₀ to d ₉₀ of the particles surrounding the core is preferably at least 0.5 , more preferably at least 0.6, in particular at least 0.75.

According to one another preferred embodiment of the invention, the means according to the invention, ie the present invention can be produced Granules, essentially an average form factor of at least 0.79, preferably at least 0.81, advantageously at least 0.83, more preferably at least 0.85, in particular at least 0.87 on.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the compositions according to the invention, ie the granules which can be produced according to the invention, are present essentially in a particle size distribution which is as uniform as possible, in which the ratio of d ₅₀ to d _{90 is} at least 0.50, preferably at least 0.6, advantageously at least 0.75, in a further advantageous manner is at least 0.80.

According to one preferred embodiment are the optionally coated granules (especially those which pH, ionic strength and / or temperature-sensitive materials) floats in water, i. Do not submerge in water or in a wash, but drift at the water surface.

In order to make the granules floating, it is preferable to adjust their density to values less than 1 g / cm ³ , if necessary. There is a wide range of options available. For example, gases, in particular air, can be incorporated into the granules. Optionally, the granules per se have a correspondingly low density, so that the additional incorporation of, for example, gases is not necessary, which is likewise preferred.

It is likewise preferred to incorporate solids, preferably support materials having a density of less than 1 g / cm ³ into the granules, the supports being substances which are solid at room temperature, preferably builders, carbonates, bicarbonates, sulfates, phosphates and / or at room temperature solid oligocarboxylic acids.

To set a density of less than 1 g / cm ³ preferably hollow microspheres, so very voluminous lightweight fillers, be incorporated into the granules, for example in the core. The hollow microspheres are filled, for example, with air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide, the spherical shells consist for example of glass (eg borosilicate glass) or in particular of organic materials, for example of a thermoplastic (eg styrene / acrylate polymer, polyacrylate). They may also be filled with other convenient materials such as vegetable oils (eg almond oil, density about 0.91-0.92 g / cm ³ ). The density of the hollow microspheres is preferably <1 g / cm ³ , preferably 0.176-0.9 g / cm ³ or 0.176-0.8 g / cm ³ or 0.176-0.7 g / cm ³ or 0.176-0.6 g / cm ³ or 0.176-0.5 g / cm ³ or 0.176-0.4 g / cm ³ . The average particle diameter is preferably in the range of 0.4-10 μm. Grain upper limits are preferably 0.4-250 microns. The thermal conductivity is preferably 0.110-0.156 Wm-1K-1. The internal pressure is preferably about 0.2 bar. At higher shear stress, the hollow spherical shells may preferably burst. In particular, the polyacrylate hollow microspheres are preferably incorporated as an aqueous suspension, for example in the core production, for example by granulation or spray drying, or in the production of granules, for example by agglomeration.

To set a density of less than 1 g / cm ³ , for example, cork flour can also be incorporated into the granules. Due to its low density of 0.12-0.25 g / cm ^{3 it} is ideally suited for this purpose.

cork flour is preferably by crushing and then sieving or sifting of cork waste produced.

To a preferred embodiment contains the agent of the invention (Inventively producible Granules) ingredients for cleaning, care, conditioning and / or Aftertreatment of textiles.

To a preferred embodiment contains the agent of the invention (Inventively producible Granules) ingredients for cleaning and / or care of crockery, glasses, Cutlery and the like.

In a preferred embodiment contains the core of the present invention can be produced Granulates Ingredients for care, conditioning and / or aftercare of textiles, preferably selected from the group of finishing agents, Perfumes, pH adjusters, fluorescers, dyes, hydrotopes, silicone oils, antiredeposition agents, optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, anti-crease agents, antimicrobial agents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, Antistatic agents, ironing aids, Phobic and impregnating agents, Bleaching agents, Acidifizierungsmittel and / or UV absorbers.

In a further preferred embodiment contains the core of the granules of the invention or several skin-care and / or skin-protecting and / or skin-healing Actives.

In a preferred embodiment are the means of the invention characterized in that the skin-care and / or skin-protecting and / or skin-healing active substances during the washing process, preferably in the rinse cycle, be released on the fibers of the textile laundry, at least partially override and at least after completion of the washing process partially remain, this skin-care and / or skin-protecting and / or skin-healing active ingredients on contact of the skin with a correspondingly washed textile at least partially from this the skin are released while the skin is beneficial can.

The granules of the invention can Ingredients for the care and / or aftertreatment of textiles include. In a preferred embodiment is the proportion by weight of the ingredient preferably contained in the core for the care and / or after-treatment of textiles, more than 5% by weight, in particular between 20 and 50 wt .-%, based on the core.

wobei R², R³ unabhängig voneinander jeweils für einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen, geradkettigen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten, substituierten oder unsubstituierten Kohlenwasserstoffrest steht, der jeweils Heteroatome wie Sauerstoff, Stickstoff, Schwefel oder Halogene oder andere enthalten kann, und wobei R_a ⁴ für ein Kohlenstoff-Brückenglied steht, welches ein aliphatischer oder aromatischer, geradkettiger oder verzweigter, gesättigter oder ungesättigter, substituierter oder unsubstituierter Kohlenwasserstoffrest ist, der jeweils Heteroatome wie Sauerstoff, Stickstoff, Schwefel oder Halogene oder andere enthalten kann, wobei die Laufzahl a 0 bis 10 beträgt, und wobei R⁵, R⁶, R⁷ unabhängig voneinander jeweils für Wasserstoff oder einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen, geradkettigen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten, substituierten oder unsubstituierten Kohlenwasserstoffrest stehen, der jeweils Heteroatome wie Sauerstoff, Stickstoff, Schwefel oder Halogene oder andere enthalten kann, und wobei das in der Formel (1) endständige Silicium an seinen verbliebenen drei Valenzen unabhängig voneinander beliebige Reste des Oligomers, Polymers oder Copolymers aufweist, und wobei R¹O entweder einen Rest dar stellt, der eine Duftstoff-Alkoxy-Gruppe und/oder Biozid-Alkoxy-Gruppe ist, die abgeleitet ist von dem korrespondierenden Duftstoff- und/oder Biozid-Alkohol R¹OH, oder
R¹O stellt einen Rest dar, der abgeleitet ist von einem enolisierbaren Duftstoff- und/oder Biozid-Ester, Keton oder Aldehyd. Vorzugsweise ist in den erfindungsgemäß herstellbaren, optional beschichteten, Granulaten oder im sonstigen Waschmittel mindestens eine auf harte und/oder weiche Substratoberflächen aufziehende, vorzugsweise zumindest eine kationische Ladung tragende Verbindung enthalten. Diese retardiert duftgebenden Oligomere, Polymere und/oder Copolymere vermögen, insbesondere im Zusammenspiel mit auf harten und/oder weichen Substratoberflächen aufziehenden, vorzugsweise zumindest eine kationische Ladung tragenden Verbindungen, eine exzellente und sehr lange währende Duftwirkung auf damit behandelten Substraten zu erzeugen.In another preferred embodiment, the granules according to the invention, preferably the core, contains retarded fragrance-giving and / or delayed-release biocidal oligomers, polymers and / or copolymers which contain a structural element according to the following formula (1) at least once

wherein R ² , R ³ are each independently an aliphatic or aromatic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical which may each contain heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or halogens or others, and wherein R _a ⁴ is a carbon bridge member which is an aliphatic or aromatic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical, which may each contain heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or halogens or others, wherein the run number a is 0 to 10 wherein R ⁵ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ are each independently hydrogen or an aliphatic or aromatic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical, each heteroatom such as oxygen, stick or in which the terminal silicon in formula (1) independently has any residues of the oligomer, polymer or copolymer at its remaining three valencies, and wherein R ¹ O is either a radical which is a perfume alkoxy group and / or biocide alkoxy group derived from the corresponding perfume and / or biocide alcohol R ¹ OH, or
R ¹ O represents a radical derived from an enolizable fragrance and / or biocide ester, ketone or aldehyde. Preferably, in the inventively preparable, optionally coated, granules or in the other detergent at least one on hard and / or soft substrate surfaces, preferably, at least one cationic charge bearing compound containing. These retarded fragrance-giving oligomers, polymers and / or copolymers are able to produce an excellent and very long-lasting odor effect on substrates treated therewith, in particular in conjunction with compounds which accumulate on hard and / or soft substrate surfaces and preferably carry at least one cationic charge.

Under The term "perfume" are in the sense the present invention all those fragrances or substances or their mixtures, which are perceived by humans as an odor and in humans a sense of smell, preferably a pleasant one Smell, trigger, Understood. Accordingly, "perfume alcohols" are within the scope of the present invention Fragrances or fragrances which have free hydroxyl groups, regardless like the molecule is further developed. By analogy, fragrance esters, -Ketone, -Aldehyde such fragrances, according to free Ester, keto or aldehyde functionalities. That implies that certain molecules such as. Salicylic acid ester in For example, as a fragrance alcohol as well as a fragrance ester can act. Accordingly be under Biocidal alcohol, aldehyde, ester or ketone all compounds understood, the corresponding alcohol, aldehyde, ester or keto functionality in the same possess referred to, and which are capable of germ growth at least to inhibit. Biocides are such compounds that promote germination at least inhibit or, depending on the individual case, a broad spectrum on organisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, insects kill.

The Appointment fragrance alkoxy group or biocide alkoxy group explain themselves from the previously said, these are the corresponding Anions of the relevant perfume alcohols or biocide alcohols, which result from abstraction of a hydrogen atom.

It has already been described that the inventive agent in a preferred embodiment one or more skin-care and / or skin-protecting and / or skin-healing Contains active substances.

• a) Wachse wie beispielsweise Carnauba, Spermaceti, Bienenwachs, Lanolin und/oder Derivate derselben und andere.
• b) Hydrophobe Pflanzenextrakte
• c) Kohlenwasserstoffe wie beispielsweise Squalene und/oder Squalane
• d) Höhere Fettsäuren, vorzugsweise solche mit wenigstens 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, beispielsweise Laurinsäure, Stearinsäure, Behensäure, Myristinsäure, Palmitinsäure, Ölsäure, Linolsäure, Linolensäure, Isostearinsäure und/oder mehrfach ungesättigte Fettsäuren und andere.
• e) Höhere Fettalkohole, vorzugsweise solche mit wenigstens 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, beispielsweise Laurylalkohol, Cetylalkohol, Stearylalkohol, Oleylalkohol, Behenylalkohol, Cholesterol und/oder 2-Hexadecanaol und andere.
• f) Ester, vorzugsweise solche wie Cetyloctanoate, Lauryllactate, Myristyllactate, Cetyllactate, Isopropylmyristate, Myristylmyristate, Isopropylpalmitate, Isopropyladipate, Butylstearate, Decyloleate, Cholesterolisostearate, Glycerolmonostearate, Glyceroldistearate, Glyceroltristearate, Alkyllactate, Alkylcitrate und/oder Alkyltartrate und andere.
• g) Lipide wie beispielsweise Cholesterol, Ceramide und/oder Saccharoseester und andere.
• h) Vitamine wie beispielsweise die Vitamine A und E, Vitaminalkylester, einschließlich Vitamin C Alkylester und andere.
• i) Sonnenschutzmittel
• j) Phospholipide
• k) Derivate von alpha-Hydroxysäuren
• l) Riechstoffe
• m) Germizide für den kosmetischen Gebrauch, sowohl synthetische wie beispielsweise Salicylsäure und/oder andere als auch natürliche wie beispielsweise Neemöl und/oder andere.
• n) Silikone

Sowie Mischungen jeglicher vorgenannter Komponenten.Skin-care active substances are all those active substances which give the skin a sensory and / or cosmetic advantage. Skin-care active substances are preferably selected from the following substances:

• a) waxes such as carnauba, spermaceti, beeswax, lanolin and / or derivatives thereof and others.
• b) Hydrophobic plant extracts
• c) hydrocarbons such as squalene and / or squalane
• d) Higher fatty acids, preferably those having at least 12 carbon atoms, for example lauric acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, isostearic acid and / or polyunsaturated fatty acids and others.
• e) Higher fatty alcohols, preferably those having at least 12 carbon atoms, for example, lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, cholesterol and / or 2-hexadecanol and others.
• f) esters, preferably such as cetyloctanoates, lauryl lactates, myristyl lactates, cetyl lactates, isopropyl myristates, myristyl myristates, isopropyl palmitates, isopropyl adipates, butyl stearates, decyl oleates, cholesterol stearates, glycerol monostearates, glycerol distearates, glycerol tristearates, alkyl lactates, alkyl citrates and / or alkyl tartrates and others.
• g) lipids such as cholesterol, ceramides and / or sucrose esters and others.
• h) vitamins such as vitamins A and E, vitamin C esters, including vitamin C alkyl esters and others.
• i) sunscreen
• j) phospholipids
• k) derivatives of alpha hydroxy acids
• l) fragrances
• m) Germicides for cosmetic use, both synthetic and, for example, salicylic acid and / or others as well as natural ones such as neem oil and / or others.
• n) silicones

As well as mixtures of any of the aforementioned components.

In a preferred embodiment The granules contain both skin-care and / or skin-protecting and / or skin-healing active substances as well as fabric-softening quaternary ammonium compounds, preferably esterquats. The skin-protecting and / or skin-healing active ingredients are active ingredients which are the skin to confer an advantage over a mere one sensory and / or cosmetic benefit. The term the skin healing or the attribute skin-healing in the context of this Invention leaves the easiest way define the condition of healthy human skin. Healthy human Skin is characterized by its intact nature acid mantle adequate protection against microorganisms, germs and pathogens that delivers its buffering capacity and their alkalinity neutralizing capacity is sufficient to contain harmful influences Fluids fight that there is a high degree of freedom from redness and that freedom from skin damage such as cutting, scraping and Burns, irritation, inflammation and allergies, and that they are neither cracked nor dried out is. Furthermore, healthy skin is characterized by having a Depot function for Fat, water and blood and plays an important role in the metabolism. Is the skin unable to o. G. To take over functions or shows it obvious damage or goes from the Skin itch, so it is no longer considered healthy. Skin healing in the context of the present invention is now all that which helps the skin to return to its original state. It is also the skin - healing, what the self - regulatory powers of Skin stimulates, trains, supports and promotes, so this in the Able to fulfill their functions, by being in the natural Equilibrium state returns. Furthermore, we understand the term skin healing in context this invention all influences, that lead to, that obvious skin diseases such as eczema, rashes, redness, Itching, swelling, blisters, oozing, Crusts in various forms at least alleviated Be cured, if not healed.

Under The term skin protection, on the other hand, means everything that to maintain the ordinary Performance of the skin in terms of their functions under specific Stressful situations is required and their own protection mechanisms goes. This concept also differs significantly from the skin care, because the skin care achieves only a cosmetic Benefits with regard to sensory needs e.g. the softness or shine under normal conditions. The skin protection but supports the Skin with additional For example, the skin's remedies, even under adverse conditions help her diverse To fulfill functions. Such adverse conditions can z. B. friction, cold, Heat, UV radiation, aggressive environmental fluids, contact with skin irritants Be materials. In a preferred embodiment, at least one in the present invention, optionally coated, granules containing skin-healing and / or skin-protecting Active substances are antiseptic or contain at least one antiseptic effective substance, which is the antiseptic substance preferably an oil, especially essential oil is.

in the Context of this invention is under the attribute of antiseptic Effectiveness means an effect that enhances the self-regulatory powers of human beings Skin is useful. This efficacy is not in their expression with that of classic germicides or germicidal agents such as e.g. Phenols, halogens, alcohols with which you z. B. skin u. Mucous wounds or even medical Instruments treated to achieve asepsis (germ-free) to compare.

The classical antiseptic includes antimicrobial measures at the place of departure or at the entry port of a possible Infection or at the site of infection on the body surface.

A however, such strong effectiveness is not in the context of the invention Although it is undoubtedly harmful to the elimination Germs or similar to lead would, but also the natural one Affect human skin flora would.

The particular advantage of the antiseptic active ingredients, the invention can be used are, results from a synergistic interaction of these Substances with the general functional mechanisms of human Skin, as these mild antiseptic substances such. Germs, including harmful ones Reduce germs, but not completely, that is to the extent of sterility, destroy. So there are enough germs on the skin that are enough about the self-regulatory powers to train and thereby strengthen human skin. By the interaction of the self-regulating forces of the skin with the antiseptic capital The active substances contained in the medium become the general functional mechanisms supports the skin. This is just in terms of already irritated and / or otherwise damaged Skin of great Advantage. For already irritated and / or sensitized and / or otherwise as damaged or even particularly sensitive skin are the self - regulatory powers of the Skin partially unable, albeit temporarily, to ensure skin health on its own. In the synergistic Cooperation with the agents according to the invention and their use according to the invention These self-regulatory powers are supported, trained and strengthened. On supported this way the detergent according to the invention or the laundry treated with it The natural Skin flora of humans.

Around The natural Does not affect the human skin flora, it is beneficial to exclude (as far as possible) such substances, which are highly disinfecting or antiseptic are effective, such. As glutaraldehyde, but at the same time a high allergen potential and irritate the skin and mucous membranes are. Unexpectedly, optionally coated granules are one such embodiment especially useful for its purpose when the antiseptic effective Fabric an oil, preferably an essential oil is.

at this antiseptic effective oil it is preferably ethereal oil, which is especially selected from the group of Angelica Fine - Angelica archangelica, Anise - Pimpinella Anisum, Benzoin siam - Styrax tokinensis, Cabreuva - Myrocarpus fastigiatus, Cajeput - Melaleuca leucadendron, Cistus - Cistrus ladaniferus, Copaiba balm - Copaifera reticulata, costus root - Saussurea discolor, Edeltannennadel - Abies alba, Elemi - Canarium luzonicum, fennel - foeniculum dulce spruce needle - Picea Abies, Geranium - Pelargonium graveolens, Ho leaves - Cinnamonum camphora, immortelle (straw flower) Helichrysum ang., ginger extra - zingiber off., St. John's Wort - Hypericum perforatum, jojoba, chamomile german - Matricaria recutita, chamomile blue fine - Matricaria chamomilla, chamomile rom. - Anthemis nobilis, chamomile wild-ormensis multicaulis, carrot - daucus carota, mountain pine - Pinus mugho, lavandin - lavender hybrida, Litsea Cubeba - (May Chang), Manuka - Leptospermum scoparium, melissa - Melissa officinalis, sea pine - Pinus pinaster ,, Myrrh - Commiphora molmol, myrtle - myrtus communis, Neem - Azadirachta, Niaouli - (MQV) Melaleuca quin. viridiflora, Palmarosa - Cymbopogom martini, Patchouli - Pogostemon Patschuli, Peruvian Balsam - Myroxylon balsamum var. pereirae, Raventsara aromatica, rosewood - Aniba pink odora, sage - salvia officinalis horsetail - Equisetaceae, Yarrow extra - Achillea millefolia, ribwort plantain - Plantago lanceolata, Styrax - Liquidambar orientalis, Tagetes (Marigold) Tagetes patula, Tea Tree - Melaleuca alternifolia, tolu balsam - Myroxylon Balsamum L., Virginia Cedar - Juniperus virginiana, frankincense (Olibanum) - Boswellia carteri, silver fir - Abies alba.

One Another advantage of the aforementioned essential oils lies in their particular multifunctionality, in addition to the described mild antiseptic activity from a variety of other desirable give organoleptic properties attributable to these oils are. It is these oils in most cases an expectorant Assessed effect, as they affect the mucous membranes of the respiratory system to exert a mild, positive stimulus. Furthermore, a desirable Set warmth. Deodorizing, analgesic, circulation-promoting, soothing effects could be observed in connection with the use according to the invention of these designated oils and be recognized as particularly advantageous. Here are the organoleptic Properties of these oils usually not from the main components, but from the secondary components od. Trace components shaped, which can often go into the hundreds and sometimes synergistic interact. Another advantage associated with the oils mentioned is the harmonious fragrance and fragrance emanating from them, the in many cases in people to positive feelings leads.

On supported this way For example, a corresponding detergent or with this washed laundry not just the natural one Human skin flora, but helps the human organism to additional Advantages just described type.

In front In this background, the tea tree oil is of great advantage for the subject invention. In addition to its considerable germicidal, antiseptic, fungicidal, antiviral, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, cicatrizing Effect, it has excellent skin tolerance and offers broad further range of applications, for example with regard to the supporting Treatment of colds or diseases of the rheumatic type, gout, muscle pain.

In a preferred embodiment is it in the present invention, optionally coated, Granules contained skin-protective Active ingredients around a skin-protecting oil. In which skin-protecting Substance is advantageously a skin-protecting oil, for. B. also to a carrier oil, in particular selected from the group algae oil Oleum Phaeophyceae, Aloe Vera Oil Aloe vera brasiliana, apricot kernel oil Prunus armeniaca, arnica Arnica montana, avocado oil Persea americana, Bor retschöl Borago officinalis, calendula oil Calendula officinalis, camellia oil Camellia oleifera, thistle oil Carthamus tinctorius, Peanut Oil Arachis hypogaea, hemp oil Cannabis sativa, hazelnut oil Corylus avellana /, St. John's wort oil Hypericum perforatum, jojoba oil Simondsia chinensis, carrot oil Daucus carota, coconut oil Cocos nucifera, pumpkin seed oil Curcubita pepo, kukui nut oil Aleurites moluccana, macadamia nut oil macadamia ternifolia, almond oil Prunus dulcis, olive oil Olea europaea, peach kernel oil Prunus persica, rapeseed oil Brassica oleifera, Castor oil Ricinus communis, black seed oil Nigella sativa, sesame oil Sesamium indicum, sunflower oil Helianthus annus, grapeseed oil Vitis vinifera, walnut oil of Juglans regia, wheat germ oil Triticum sativum, of these in particular the borage oil, the hemp oil and the almond oil are advantageous.

All the oils listed are natural Emollients, i. Means, the body tissues soften and soften and reduce the roughness of the skin. These oils So, on the one hand, they have a skin-care effect. On the other hand, these oils have more specific effects that synergistically interact with the skin and its self-regulatory powers and one Allow protection even in adverse conditions.

One particularly preferred oil For the purposes of this invention, e.g. the hemp oil. Hemp oil, which is a high proportion of essential fatty acids and also up to 6% by weight of valuable γ-linolenic acid (GLA), acts additionally anti-inflammatory, mild analgesic, healing, nourishing, skin structure improving, Preventive signs of aging. It improves renewal processes in the tissue and exercises a high regenerating effect on injured tissue. moreover It may be the care properties or other properties of other oils in particular all oils explicitly mentioned here increase. There essential fatty acids decisively involved in maintaining the barrier function of the skin are because they help transepidermal water loss over the To regulate and normalize skin, hemp oil can be used in the sense of this Invention as a result of its high GLA content a special role as in disturbed transepidermal Water loss a local Treatment with GLA to the strongest Reduction of transepidermal water loss leads. Furthermore, hemp oil shows more positive effects on the human organism regarding Atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy to heart problems.

One also preferred oil For the purposes of this invention, the borage oil.

It due to its high GLA content (up to 25% by weight) comparable to hemp oil Features and benefits.

In a preferred embodiment contain the agents of the invention skin-healing active substances containing a minimum content of 0.1% by weight have GLA, preferably of 0.3 wt .-%, more preferably of 0.5 wt .-%, based on the respective active substance. These include, for example also black cumin oil, Echium oil, Trichodesmaöl, evening primrose oil as well the seed oil the blackcurrant.

One also preferred oil is almond oil. It is characterized by the fact that it can enhance the effect of other oils, which is why it is advantageously used in combination with other oils becomes.

According to one another embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous to combine different oils in the granules, i.e. So the antiseptic effective with the skin-protecting to combine or even the antiseptic and the effective skin-protecting to combine with each other.

In a preferred embodiment, the agents according to the invention contain at least 1% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, more preferably at least 10% by weight, most preferably at least 15% by weight of one or more skin-protecting and / or skin-healing active substances or Oils or essential oils, wherein it is even more advantageous, if even at least 20 wt .-%, especially even more than 25 wt .-%, most preferably more than 30 wt .-% of one or more skin-protecting and / or skin-healing active ingredients or oils or essential oils are contained, in each case based on the total agent (ie granules produced according to the invention).

In a preferred embodiment is in the present invention, optionally coated, granules additionally urea and / or lactic acid and / or citric acid and / or their salts.

urea promotes the skin's health, being antimicrobial, water-binding, itching lactating, releasing dander, skin smoothing can act as well as excessive cell growth can inhibit. Furthermore, it can serve the skin as a moisturizing factor, i.e. it can help the skin to retain moisture.

Lactic acid and / or citric acid and / or their salts serve u.a. to, the natural acid mantle or hydrolipid film to support the skin or to renew. The hydrolipidic film of the skin is made alkaline influences attacked or destroyed, resulting in a loss of the barrier function of the skin, so that microorganisms or pollutants are more likely to penetrate the skin can. Due to the preferably contained lactic and / or citric acid in the agents according to the invention let yourself e.g. Remove residual alkali from clothes and the pH of textiles to a pH range around 5. The additional effect Lactic acid which is anyway part of the epidermis, additionally stabilizing on the epidermis acidic pH of the Skin (pH about 5.2) and serves as a moisturizing factor, as it is the water binding ability can improve the skin. Furthermore, the lactic acid skin smoothing and supports the replacement of dander.

Next the said special moisturizing factors can the agents according to the invention in a preferred embodiment contain further moisturizing factors, for example those that are selected from the following group: amino acids, Chitosan or chitosan salts / derivatives, ethylene glycol, glucosamine, glycerol, Diglycerin, triglycerin, uric acid, Honey and hardened Honey, creatinine, fission products of collagen, lactitol, polyols and polyol derivatives (for example, butylene glycol, erythritol, propylene glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, polyethylene glycols such as PEG-4, PEG-6, PEG-7, PEG-8, PEG-9, PEG-10, PEG-12, PEG-14, PEG-16, PEG-18, PEG-20), pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, sugars and sugar derivatives (for example, fructose, glucose, maltose, maltitol, Mannitol, inositol, sorbitol, sorbitylsilanediol, -surose, trehalose, xylose, Xylitol, glucuronic acid and their salts), ethoxylated sorbitol (sorbeth-6, sorbeth-20, sorbeth-30, Sorbeth-40), hardened Starch hydrolysates as well Mixtures of hardened Wheat protein and PEG-20 acetate copolymer, especially panthenol.

In a preferred embodiment are preferably in the inventively produced, optionally coated, Granules contained skin-protecting and / or skin-healing and / or skin-care active substances reversible on a polymeric carrier, preferably on a silicic acid ester, fixed, leaving a delayed Release of the skin-protecting and / or skin-healing active substances is possible.

The skin-healing and / or skin-protecting and / or skin-care active ingredients are so z. B. reversible via adsorption on a polymeric carrier fixed, optionally with the participation of surface-active Substances, leaving a delayed Delivery of healing active ingredients is possible. This is special advantageous, as achieved in this way an even longer-lasting effect can be, especially for Consumers with particularly irritated skin is useful. Thereby, that the healing and / or protective and / or caring substances continuously over a longer period z. B. in relative low dosage will be delivered to the skin, it becomes possible on very gentle way into the particularly sensitive balance the self-regulatory forces supporting strongly irritated skin intervene. The effect of the active ingredients is so mild, that, despite its effectiveness, the already highly irritated skin in no way overwhelmed.

Especially preferred polymeric carriers belong to the class of silicic acid esters. It can but also all conceivable other carriers, with the only ones provisos that she was delayed Enable drug release and as such, no negative or irritating influence on the skin, provided they are used for the purposes of this invention.

• (n) Turmpulvern (Sprühtrocknungsprodukte), beinhaltend z.B. Mischungen thermisch stabiler Inhaltsstoffe von Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteln
• (o) Carbonaten, wie vorzugsweise Soda,
• (p) Hydrogencarbonaten, insbesondere Alkali- und/oder Erdalkali-Hydrogencarbonate
• (q) Sulfaten, insbesondere Alkali- und/oder Erdalkali-Sulfate
• (r) Aniontensid-Compounds (umfassend z.B. Fettalkoholsulfate, Alkylbenzolsulfonate, Alkansulfonate, Alkylethersulfate, Alkylsulfate, α-Olefinsulfonate und/oder Estersulfonate wie insbesondere Methylestersulfonate, und/oder deren Mischungen),
• (s) Bleichaktivatoren, wie insbesondere N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetylethylendiamin,
• (t) Citrate, vorzugsweise Alkali- und/oder Erdalkali-Citrate, insbesondere Na-, K und/oder Mg-Citrate

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the core material of the inventively produced, optionally coated granules comprises one or more ingredients selected from

• (n) tower powders (spray drying products), including, for example, mixtures of thermally stable ingredients of detergents or cleaners
• (o) carbonates, such as preferably soda,
• (P) hydrogencarbonates, in particular alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal hydrogencarbonates
• (q) sulfates, especially alkali and / or alkaline earth sulfates
• (r) anionic surfactant compounds (comprising, for example, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, α-olefin sulfonates and / or ester sulfonates, in particular methyl ester sulfonates, and / or mixtures thereof),
• (s) bleach activators, in particular N, N, N ', N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine,
• (c) citrates, preferably alkali and / or alkaline earth citrates, in particular Na, K and / or Mg citrates

Builder (compounds), preferably zeolite (compounds) and / or polycarboxylate (compounds) The Use of inventively producible, optionally coated, granules containing at least one skin-protecting and / or skin-healing active for the preparation of a medical effective detergent to the equipment from textiles to supporting Treatment of irritated and / or sensitized and / or ill human skin and for the prophylactic treatment of healthy Skin is a preferred embodiment of the invention.

The Use of at least one skin-protecting and / or skin-healing Active ingredient for the production of a medically active additive in the form of inventively producible, optionally coated detergent granules for equipment Textiles for supportive Treatment of irritated and / or sensitized and / or ill human skin and for the prophylactic treatment of healthy Skin is a preferred embodiment of the invention.

The Invention also relates to the use of a detergent according to the invention, which has, optionally coated, granules, in a laundry process or a machine washing process. Such a washing process draws according to a preferred embodiment by that these during the washing process in the course of Abpumpvorgängen not substantially be removed from the washing machine and preferably during the washing process in the course of pumping operations knock down on the laundry.

So could advantageously when using a detergent according to the invention with certain buoyant, Can be produced according to the invention optionally coated granules in a conventional machine laundry process be observed that the agent of the invention, when the washing program after the main wash, and immediately before the rinse interrupts and the laundry in the laundry drum Visually inspected, deposited on the laundry well visible to have. At such an observation time is due to the Cleaning process polluted wash liquor from the machine as far as possible pumped out and the laundry is dripping wet in the washing drum or Wash chamber. Although the specific, optionally coated, granules which can be prepared according to the invention theoretically can be pumped with the wash liquor, as they, for example from the size through the many small openings a washing drum fit remain the certain inventively produced, optionally coated granules in the use according to the invention according to this preferred embodiment essentially in the washing drum, preferably as a precipitate on the laundry. It could be further observed that if one after this optical inspection of the laundry, the washing machine closes again, and with the rinse continues the certain inventively producible, optionally coated, granules after completion of the rinse and have dissolved in the rinse liquor before the start of the spin cycle. If you immediately after the rinse cycle and before the start of the Spin cycle the washing machine opens and the dripping wet laundry visually appraised are in this particular embodiment none of these inventively produced, optionally coated granules to recognize more on the laundry.

The The invention also relates to a washing process in a commercial Washing machine, which is a detergent according to the invention which, optionally coated, contains granules, into the washing machine and there it with water and the laundry brings into contact, preferably by adding the detergent in the dispenser the commercial Washer introduces and with water in the wash chamber or washing drum is rinsed, and a common one Wash program, preferably the coating, if any, contained coated granules during of flushing of the detergent as well as during the pre-wash and during the early one Stages of the main wash retains its integrity in whole or in part, advantageously in the late Stages of the main wash and / or rinse, however, loses its integrity.

In a preferred embodiment of the process, the optionally coated granules which can be prepared according to the invention and contained in the detergent are substantially during the washing process not in the course of Abpumpvorgängen removed from the washing machine, but are preferably reflected in the late stages of the washing process, especially in the course of Abpumpvorgängen on the laundry.

To another preferred embodiment the method according to the invention have the optionally coated, (as final process product), Granules essentially have an average form factor of at least 0.79, preferably at least 0.81, advantageously at least 0.83, more preferably at least 0.85, in particular of at least 0.87. "In the essential "means here in particular, that at least 80%, preferably at least 90% and in an advantageous manner at least 95% of the constructed Granules have the form factor just mentioned. In the built up Granules are preferably the whole of good grain, oversize and Unterkorn (fines), which proves that over- and Unterkornanteil (fines) are preferably too negligible.

The shape factor in the sense of the present invention can be precisely determined by modern particle-measuring techniques with digital image processing. In a typical particle shape analysis, as it is feasible, for example, with the Camsizer ^® system from Retsch Technology or with the KeSizer ^® of the company Kemira, based on the fact that the particles and the bulk material are irradiated with a light source and detects the particle as projection , digitized and processed by computer technology. The determination of the surface curvature is made by an optical measuring method, in which the "shadow cast" of the parts to be examined is determined and converted into a corresponding form factor. The underlying principle for determining the shape factor has been described, for example, by Gordon Rittenhouse in "A visual method of estimating two-dimensional sphericity" in the Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 79-81.

The measurement limits of this optical analysis method are 15 μm and 90 mm, respectively. The numerical values for d ₅₀ and d ₉₀ are also available via the aforementioned measuring method.

there can the granules of the invention preferably all for a washing and / or cleaning process required or commonly used Contain ingredients, so that such granules already seen for themselves an independent, full and functional Washing and / or cleaning agent represents. An inventively constructed Washing and / or cleaning agent granules is therefore preferably one complete washing and / or cleaning agent.

As well but it is also preferred if the granules of the invention only one or more specific detergent and / or detergent ingredients contains. Such a structure constructed according to the invention Granules would be then no independent, full and functional Washing and / or cleaning agents, but rather a washing and / or Cleaner component. Such granules would be then with the other, usual Components which are used to form a complete washing and / or cleaning agent necessary to mix. It is preferably in such a Case, if at least 2 or more according to the invention constructed Granules are mixed to a detergent and / or cleaning agent and the resulting wholly wash and / or detergent only constructed from these inventions Granules consists, the various granules are preferably have different colors.

in the Within the scope of the present invention, the term of the invention which can be produced, optionally coated granules also detergents and / or cleaning agent granules, i.e. both full washing and / or To understand detergents as well as detergent and / or detergent components.

One Another object of the present invention is in the application the method according to the invention for the transfer of powdered and / or fine-grained Multicomponent mixtures in the field of detergents and cleaners, e.g. commercial Detergents and / or cleaners, with an (optional) coating provided granules.

On This way, the refinement of conventional detergents succeeds in quality high-quality dosage forms with controllable release of active substances, Retard effect and optically unique quality.

Although neither the method according to the invention nor the agent according to the invention is fundamentally restricted to the field of detergents and cleaners, such agents and / or methods represent particularly preferred embodiments of the invention detergents and / or cleaning agent granules to be produced according to the invention, ie coated washing and / or cleaning agent granules (granules), are described.

The in the invention to be produced Washing and / or detergent granules (granules) contained Ingredients are preferably selected from the group comprising Surfactants, fragrances, dyes, builders, fabrics for adjustment pH, bleach, bleach activators, soil repellent Substances, optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, disintegration aids, customary Ingredients and / or mixtures thereof. You can also continue all others, not explicitly mentioned here, but the expert Detergents and / or cleaning ingredients known from the prior art in the usual Amounts of components of the invention to be produced washing and / or Be detergent granules (granules).

following Some of them become particular according to the invention suitable detergent and / or cleaning agent components in detail explained in more detail. These Ingredients can in the detergent and / or detergent granules (granules) themselves be contained and / or in appropriate admixtures, which one the detergent and / or detergent granules (granules) optionally still add can, if necessary, to a full wash and / or To obtain cleaning agents. All components listed below are purely optional, can but preferably contain sin.

When Surfactants can for the preparation according to the invention the washing and / or cleaning agent granules (granules) anion, Cation, ampho- and / or nonionic surfactants are used.

For example, anionic surfactants of the sulfonate and sulfates type can be used. The surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C _9-13 -alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as are obtained, for example, from C _12-18 -monoolefins having terminal or internal double bonds by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation products into consideration. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates which are obtained from C _12-18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization. Likewise, the esters of α-sulfo fatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the α-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids are suitable. Also suitable are sulfonation of unsaturated fatty acids, for example oleic acid, in small amounts, preferably in amounts not above about 2 to 3 wt .-%. In particular, α-sulfofatty acid alkyl esters are preferred which have an alkyl chain with not more than 4 C atoms in the ester group, for example, methyl ester, ethyl ester, propyl ester and butyl ester. With particular advantage, the methyl esters of α-sulfo fatty acids (MES), but also their saponified disalts are used.

Further Suitable anionic surfactants are sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters. Among fatty acid glycerol esters are to understand the mono-, di- and triesters and their mixtures, such as they are produced by esterification of a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol to be obtained. Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are included the sulphonated products of saturated fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example the caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or Behenic acid.

Alk (en) ylsulfates are the alkali metal salts and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length, which contain a synthetic, produced on a petrochemical basis straight-chain alkyl radical, which have an analogous degradation behavior as the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.

When other anionic surfactants are fatty acid derivatives of amino acids, for example of N-methyltaurine (Tauride) and / or of N-methylglycine (sarcosides) into consideration. Particularly preferred are the sarcosides or the sarcosinates and here especially sarcosinates of higher and higher sarcosinates optionally monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids such as Oleyl.

When other anionic surfactants are especially soaps into consideration. Suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, like the salts of lauric acid, myristic, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and in particular of natural fatty acids, e.g. Coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, derived soap mixtures.

The including anionic surfactants the soaps can in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. The anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, especially in the form of the sodium salts.

The anionic surfactants can in the invention to be produced Washing and / or cleaning granules preferably in quantities from 1 to 30% by weight and in particular from 5 to 25% by weight be included.

It is also possible to use alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters. Preferred nonionic surfactants are C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty acid methyl esters having an average of from 3 to 15 EO, in particular having an average of from 5 to 12 EO. In particular, C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty acid methyl esters with 10 to 12 EO can be used as surfactants.

Another class of nonionic surfactants which can be advantageously used for the production according to the invention of detergent granules (granules) are the alkylpolyglycosides (APG). Usable Alkypolyglycoside meet the general formula RO (G) _z , in which R is a linear or branched, especially in the 2-position methyl branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G is the Is a symbol which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of glycosidation z is between 1.0 and 4.0, preferably between 1.0 and 2.0 and in particular between 1.1 and 1.4.

Also nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamide can for the preparation according to the invention the detergent and / or detergent granules (granules) suitable be.

When Further surfactants are used for the preparation according to the invention of the washing and / or detergent granules (granules) so-called gemini surfactants into consideration. These include, in general, such compounds understood the two hydrophilic groups and two hydrophobic groups per molecule have. These groups are usually separated by a so-called "spacer". This spacer is usually a carbon chain that is long enough should be that the hydrophilic groups have a sufficient distance have to be independent can act from each other. Such surfactants are generally characterized by an unusually low critical micelle concentration and surface tension ability to greatly reduce the water out. In exceptional cases however, under the term gemini surfactants not only dimeric but also understood trimeric surfactants.

Gemini Surfactants for the preparation according to the invention of washing and / or cleaning agent granules (granules) are For example, sulfated hydroxy mixed ethers or dimer alcohol bis- and trimer alcohol trissulfates and ether sulfates. end-capped dimeric and trimeric mixed ethers are characterized in particular by their Bi-and multi-functionality out. Thus, the end-capped surfactants have Good network properties and are low in foaming, so they themselves especially for the use in automatic washing and / or cleaning procedures suitable. The inventively produced Washing and / or Detergent granules (granules) can be used as builder or Builder all usually in detergents and / or cleaning agents, in particular in detergents, used builders contain, in particular zeolites, silicates, carbonates, soda, organic cobuilders and also the phosphates. To avoid particulate Residues Textiles, it is particularly beneficial to use the builder Completely water soluble are, like soda or the like.

Suitable crystalline layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + 1} .H ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2, 3 or 4 are. Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M is sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and δ-sodium disilicates Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ .yH ₂ O are preferred.

It is also possible to use amorphous sodium silicates with a Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ modulus of from 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8, and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6. Particularly preferred are amorphous silicates.

A useful fine crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite is present preferably zeolite A and / or P. As zeolite P, zeolite ^MAP® (commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred. Also suitable, however, are zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P. Commercially available and preferably usable in the context of the present invention is, for example, a cocrystal of zeolite X and zeolite A (about 80% by weight of zeolite X) ), which is sold by Condea Augusta SpA under the brand name VEGOBOND AX ^® and the formula: nNa ₂ O • (1 - n) K ₂ O • Al ₂ O ₃ • (2-2.5) SiO ₂ • (3.5-5.5) H ₂ O, equivalent.

suitable Zeolites preferably have an average particle size of less than 10 μm (Volume distribution; Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22 wt .-%, in particular 20 to 22 wt .-% of bound water.

Of the Content of the present invention Granules of zeolite according to a preferred embodiment up to 60% by weight, advantageously up to 40% by weight and in further advantageously up to 30 wt .-%, wherein it is even more advantageous may be, if a maximum of 15 wt .-%, preferably at most 12 wt .-%, in particular not more than 10% by weight, in each case based on the anhydrous one Active substance, for example 1 to 8% by weight or 0 to 5% by weight are included. In a particularly preferred embodiment are the invention can be produced Granules free of zeolite.

Of course it is also a use of the well-known phosphates as builders possible, if such use is not avoided for environmental reasons should be. Particularly suitable are the sodium salts of orthophosphates, the pyrophosphates and in particular the tripolyphosphates. Preferably are the granules of the invention not only zeolite but also low in phosphate. So is the phosphate content advantageously not more than 15% by weight, preferably not more than 12% by weight, in particular not more than 10% by weight, for example 1 to 8% by weight or 0 to 5 wt .-%. Very particular preference is given to granules which both zeolite and phosphate are free.

When organic cobuilders can in the washing and / or detergent granules, in particular polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymers Polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, Polyacetals, dextrins, other organic cobuilders (see below) as well as phosphonates. These classes of substances are hereafter described.

useful organic builders For example, they can be used in the form of their sodium salts polycarboxylic where among polycarboxylic acids such carboxylic acids be understood that carry more than one acid function. For example these are citric acid, adipic acid, Succinic acid, Glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), if such an application for ecological reasons not is objectionable, as well as mixtures of these. Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids like citric acid, adipic acid, Succinic acid, glutaric, Tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these.

Also the acids in itself can be used. The acids In addition to their builder effect, they also typically have the property an acidifying component and thus serve to set a lower and milder one pH of detergents and / or cleaning agents. In particular are citric acid, Succinic acid, glutaric, adipic acid, gluconic and to name any mixtures of these.

When Builders are further suitable polymeric polycarboxylates, these are for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example, those having a molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol.

For the purposes of this document, the molecular weights stated for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molar masses M _{w of} the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used. The measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship with the polymers investigated. These data differ significantly from the molecular weight data, in which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard. The molar masses measured against polystyrenesulfonic acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights specified in this document.

Suitable polymers are, in particular, polyacrylates which preferably have a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, this group can turn into the short chain polyacrylates having molecular weights of from 2,000 to 10,000 g / mol, and more preferably from 3,000 to 5,000 g / mol, may be preferred.

Suitable are furthermore copolymeric polycarboxylates, especially those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. Particularly suitable are copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid. Your molecular weight, based on free acids, is in general from 2000 to 70000 g / mol, preferably from 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol.

Especially Biodegradable polymers of more than two are also preferred various monomer units, for example, those as monomers Salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid and vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or as monomers Salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallyl sulfonic acid and sugar derivatives.

Further preferred copolymers are those which are preferably used as monomers Acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate.

As well are as further preferred builders polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids whose Salts or their precursors to call. Particular preference is given to polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives, in addition to cobuilder properties also have a bleach-stabilizing effect.

Further Suitable builders are polyacetals, which by reaction of dialdehydes with polyol carboxylic acids containing 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups can be obtained. preferred Polyacetals are made from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic receive. Further suitable organic builder substances are dextrins, For example, oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, by partial hydrolysis of starches can be obtained. The hydrolysis can be carried out according to usual, for example acidic or enzyme-catalyzed processes. Preferably These are hydrolysis products with average molecular weights in the range from 400 to 500,000 g / mol. It is a polysaccharide with a Dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range from 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30 preferred where DE is a common one Measure of the reducing Effect of a polysaccharide compared to dextrose, which DE of 100 is. Useful are both maltodextrins with a DE between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrup with a DE between 20 and 37 as well as so-called yellow dextrins and white dextrins with higher Molar masses in the range of 2000 to 30,000 g / mol.

The oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function. A product oxidized to C _{6 of} the saccharide ring may be particularly advantageous.

Also Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates, preferably Ethylenediamine disuccinate are other suitable co-builders. there becomes ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS) preferably used in the form of its sodium or magnesium salts. Also preferred in this context are glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates.

Further useful organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated Hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may also be present in lactone form can and which at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxy group and a maximum of two acid groups contain.

A another substance class with cobuilder properties are the phosphonates These are in particular hydroxyalkane or aminoalkanephosphonates. Among the hydroxyalkane phosphonates is 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) of particular importance as a co-builder. It is preferably used as the sodium salt, wherein the disodium salt neutral and the tetrasodium salt is alkaline (pH 9). As aminoalkane phosphonates preferably ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonate (EDTMP), Diethylentriaminpentamethylenphosphonat (DTPMP) and their higher homologues in question. They are preferably in the form of neutral reacting Sodium salts, e.g. B. as hexasodium salt of EDTMP or hepta- and octa-sodium salt of DTPMP. As a builder will be there from the class of phosphonates preferred HEDP used. The aminoalkane phosphonates also have a pronounced Heavy metal binding capacity. Accordingly, it may, especially if the washing and / or cleaning agents also Bleach contain, preferably its aminoalkanephosphonates, in particular DTPMP, or mixtures of said phosphonates to use for the production of granules.

Furthermore can all compounds that are capable of complexes with alkaline earth ions train as co-builders.

Further suitable builder substances for the preparation of the washing and / or detergent granules are oxidation products of carboxyl groups Polyglucosans and / or their water-soluble salts. Also suitable are also oxidized oligosaccharides.

Further for the preparation according to the invention the washing and / or cleaning granules suitable builders are polyacetals, which by reaction of Dialdehyden with Polyolcarbonsäuren, which 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups. preferred Polyacetals are made from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic receive.

to Lowering the pH of detergents and / or cleaning agents, especially detergents, can the inventively produced Granules also acid salts or slightly alkaline salts. Preference is given here as Säuringungskomponente Bisulfates and / or bicarbonates or organic polycarboxylic acids which can also be used simultaneously as builders. Especially the use of citric acid is preferred.

The laundry and / or cleaning agent granules which can be prepared according to the invention can also comprise bleaching agents. Among the compounds serving as bleaches in water H ₂ O ₂ , sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance. Other useful bleaching agents are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H ₂ O ₂ -producing peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperacid or diperdodecanedioic acid.

It can also bleaches from the group of organic bleaches Preparation of the Washing and / or Cleaning Agent Granules (inventively producible, optionally coated, granules) are used. Typical organic Bleaching agents are the diacyl peroxides, e.g. Dibenzoyl. Other typical organic bleaches are the peroxyacids, wherein especially mentioned as the alkyl peroxyacids and the aryl peroxyacids become.

preferred Representatives are (a) the peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted Derivatives, such as alkyl peroxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy-α-naphthoic acid and Magnesium monoperphthalate, (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids, like peroxylauric acid, Peroxystearic acid, ε-phthalimido peroxycaproic acid (phthaloiminoperoxyhexanoic acid (PAP)], O-carboxybenzamido-peroxycaproic acid, N-nonenylamidoperadipic acid and N-nonenylamidopersuccinates, and (c) peroxydicarboxylic acids, such as 1,12-diperoxycarboxylic acid, 1,9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperoxysebacic acid, diperoxybrassylic acid, diperoxyphthalic acids, 2-decyldiperoxybutane-1,4-dioic acid, N, N-Tere-phthaloyl-di (6-aminopercapronate) may be used to prepare the granules of the invention be used.

When Bleaching agent in the present invention can be prepared wash and / or Detergent granules can Chlorine or bromine releasing substances are used. Among the suitable chlorine or bromine releasing materials come for example, heterocyclic N-bromo and N-chloroamides, for example trichloroisocyanuric, tribromoisocyanuric, dibromoisocyanuric and / or dichloroisocyanuric acid (DICA) and / or their salts with cations such as potassium and sodium into consideration. Hydantoin compounds, such as 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydanthoin are also suitable.

Of the Content of bleaching agents may preferably be 0 to 25 wt .-% and in particular 1 to 20 wt .-%, based on the total composition of the present invention can be produced Washing and / or cleaning agent granulates.

Around when washing or cleaning at temperatures of 60 ° C and below To achieve an improved bleaching effect may include bleach activators be.

As bleach activators for the preparation of the detergent granules according to the invention, it is possible to use compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid. Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the stated C atom number and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups. Preference is given several times acylated alkylenediamines, in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-di-acetoxy-2 , 5-dihydrofuran.

In addition to the conventional bleach activators or in their place can production according to the invention the washing and / or cleaning agent granules also called bleaching catalysts be used. These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo saline complexes or carbonyl complexes. Also Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing tripod ligands and Co, Fe, Cu and Ru ammine complexes are useful as bleach catalysts.

When Bleach activators can for the preparation according to the invention the washing and / or cleaning granules also enol esters as well acetylated sorbitol and mannitol, acylated sugar derivatives, in particular Pentaacetylglucose (PAG), Pentaacetylfruktose, Tetraacetylxylose and octaacetyl lactose and acetylated, optionally N-alkylated Glucamine and gluconolactone, and / or N-acylated lactams, for example N-benzoylcaprolactam be used. Hydrophilic substituted acyl acetals and acyl lactams are also preferred for the preparation of the washing and / or detergent granules used.

Especially when used in machine washing it may be an advantage be the detergent and / or detergent granules conventional foam inhibitors are added. Suitable foam inhibitors are, for example Soaps more natural or of synthetic origin containing a high proportion of C18-C24 fatty acids. Suitable non-surfactant foam inhibitors are, for example Organopolysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanated silica as well as paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and mixtures thereof with silanated silica or bistearylethylenediamide.

To a preferred embodiment the invention are the optionally coated, Granules free of enzymes, which means in the context of the invention, that they are less than 30% by weight, preferably less than 25% by weight, advantageously less than 20 wt .-%, in more advantageous Way less than 15 wt .-%, in still more advantageous manner less than 10% by weight, again less advantageously as 5 wt .-% of enzymes, based on the total, optional coated, granules. In particular, they are completely enzyme-free, So contain 0 wt .-% enzyme based on the total, optional coated, granules.

To a preferred embodiment According to the invention, the optionally coated granules are bleach-free.

To a further preferred embodiment the invention is the core and / or the shell and / or the (optional) Coating of the invention, optional coated, granules free of enzymes, which in the context of the invention means that in each case the core and / or the shell and / or the Coating less than 30% by weight, preferably less than 25 Wt .-%, advantageously less than 20 wt .-%, in more advantageous Way less than 15 wt .-%, in still more advantageous manner less than 10% by weight, again less advantageously contained as 5 wt .-%, in particular 0 wt .-% of enzymes to the respective phase of, optionally coated, granules. However, it is very preferred if both the core and the shell and also the coating free of enzymes in the just mentioned sense in particular they each contain 0% by weight of enzyme on the entire, optionally coated, granules.

At the However, it is most preferred if at least the shell of the invention, optional Coated, granules are free of enzymes, which in the sense of Invention means that the shell is less than 30% by weight, preferably less than 25% by weight, advantageously less than 20% by weight, in a further advantageous manner less than 15 wt .-%, in still further advantageously less than 10 wt .-%, in turn, more advantageous Way contains less than 5 wt .-%, in particular 0 wt .-% of enzymes on the entire, optionally coated, granules.

However, if enzymes should be present, which corresponds to another preferred embodiment, then come as enzymes for the preparation of detergents and / or cleaning agents according to the invention granules in particular those from the classes of hydrolases such as proteases, esterases, lipases or lipolytic enzymes, amylases, Glykosylhydrolasen and mixtures of said enzymes in question. All of these hydrolases contribute to the removal of stains such as proteinaceous, fatty or starchy stains.

To a further preferred embodiment is the, optionally coated, granules enzyme-containing, wherein a preferred embodiment advantageously 2 phases of the optionally coated, Granulates, namely preferably shell and (optional) coating, completely free of enzymes, while advantageously the third phase, preferably the nucleus contains enzyme, especially in amounts greater than 1% by weight, but less than 80% by weight, preferably less than 70% by weight, advantageously less than 60% by weight, more preferably less than 50% by weight, more preferably less than 40% by weight, in turn, more advantageously less than 30 wt .-%, in more advantageous Way less than 20 wt .-%, more preferably less as 10 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the core.

Corresponding the aforementioned embodiment is another object of the invention in the use of erfindungemäßen, optional coated, granules as enzyme granules, which are preferably have an enzyme-free shell and / or an enzyme-free coating.

to Bleach can preferably also oxidoreductases are used. Especially good suitable for the preparation of washing and / or cleaning agent granules are enzymes derived from bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyceus griseus, Coprinus Cinereus and Humicola insolens as well as from their genetically modified Variants obtained enzymatic agents. Preferably Proteases of the subtilisin type and in particular proteases derived from Bacillus lentus are obtained. These are enzyme mixtures, for example from protease and amylase or protease and lipase or lipolytic acting enzymes or from protease, amylase and lipase or lipolytic acting Enzymes or protease, lipase or lipolytic enzymes, but in particular protease and / or lipase-containing mixtures or mixtures with lipolytic enzymes of particular Interest. examples for Such lipolytic enzymes are the known cutinases. Peroxidases or oxidases have in some cases as proved suitable. Suitable amylases include, in particular, alpha-amylases, Iso-amylases, pullulanases and pectinases. Also Oxireduktasen are suitable.

For the preparation according to the invention the washing and / or cleaning granules come in addition to the above mentioned enzymes in addition still cellulases into consideration. Cellulases and other glycosyl hydrolases can by removing pilling and microfibrils for color maintenance and to increase the Softness of the textile contribute. As cellulases are preferably Cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases and glucosidases, which also include cellobiases be called, or mixtures thereof used. Because different Distinguish cellulase types by their CMCase and avicelase activities, can through targeted mixtures of cellulases set the desired activities become.

Of the Proportion of the enzymes or enzyme mixtures can, if the granules of the invention not entirely are enzyme-free, which is preferred, for example, about 0.1 to 5 Wt .-%, preferably 0.5 to about 4.5 wt .-%, based on the total, optionally coated, granules amount.

Apart from possibly phosphonates, the laundry and / or cleaning agent granules which can be prepared according to the invention may contain further enzyme stabilizers. For example, the washing and / or cleaning agent granules may contain sodium formate. It is also possible to use proteases which are stabilized with soluble calcium salts and a calcium content of preferably about 1.2% by weight, based on the enzyme. In addition to calcium salts, magnesium salts also serve as stabilizers. However, it is particularly advantageous to use boron compounds, for example boric acid, boron oxide, borax and other alkali metal borates, such as the salts of orthoboric acid (H ₃ BO ₃ ), metaboric acid (HBO ₂ ) and pyroboric acid (tetraboric acid H ₂ B ₄ O ₇ ).

The optionally coated granules may also contain grayness inhibitors. Grayness inhibitors have the task of keeping the dirt detached from the fiber suspended in the liquor and thus preventing the dirt from being rebuilt. Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this purpose, for example the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether carboxylic acids or ether sulfonic acids of starch or of cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch. Also, water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are suitable for this purpose. It is also possible to use soluble starch preparations and starch products other than those mentioned above, for example degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is also useful. However, preference is given to using cellulose ethers, such as carboxymethylcellulose (Na salt), methylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers, such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, methylcarboxymethylcellulose and mixtures thereof, and also polyvinylpyrrolidone in the optionally coated granules according to the invention.

In addition to the Production of, optionally coated, granules also dirt-repellent substances used, which are the oil and positively influence the removal of fatty substances from textiles (so-called should repellents). This effect becomes particularly clear when a Textile is soiled, which previously several times with a detergent according to the invention, that this oil and fat-dissolving Component contains was washed. Among the preferred oil and fat dissolving components counting for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and Methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a proportion of methoxyl groups of 15 to 30 wt .-% and hydroxypropoxyl groups from 1 to 15 wt .-%, respectively based on the nonionic cellulose ether, and from the Prior art known polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or of their derivatives, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionic and / or nonionically modified derivatives of these.

These Substances that are also called "whiteners", can used for the production of, optionally coated, granules become. Optical brighteners are organic dyes that have a Part of the invisible UV radiation of sunlight into longer-wave convert blue light. The emission of this blue light complements the "gap" in the light reflected by the textile, so that a treated with optical brightener textile the eye white and brighter appears. Because the mechanism of action of brighteners which makes it necessary to put them on the fibers, one makes a distinction for example, after "fibers to be dyed" Brightener for cotton, Polyamide or polyester fibers. The commercial for the production of, optionally coated granules of suitable brighteners are included essentially five Structure groups, namely the stilbene, diphenylstilbene, coumarin-quinoline, diphenylpyrazoline group and the group of the combination of benzoxazole or benzimidazole with conjugated systems. An overview of common brighteners is in the relevant Technical literature easy to find. Suitable are e.g. Salts of 4,4'-bis [(4-anilino-6-morpholino-s-triazin-2-yl) amino] -stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or similarly constructed compounds that replace the morpholino group a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group wear. Furthermore you can Brighteners of the type of substituted diphenylstyrene may be present e.g. the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyls. Mixtures of the aforementioned brightener can be used.

fragrances can to produce the invention, optionally coated granules are added to the aesthetic Impression of the resulting granules to improve and the consumer next the cleaning performance and the color impression a sensorially "typical and unmistakable" washing and / or cleaning agent to disposal to deliver. As perfume oils or Fragrances can individual perfume compounds, e.g. the synthetic products of the type of esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons be used. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g. Benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, Linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinylacetate, phenylethylacetate, Linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethyl methyl phenylglycinate, allyl cyclohexyl propionate, Styrallyl propionate and Benzylsalicylate. For example, the ethers include Benzyl ethyl ether, to the aldehydes e.g. the linear alkanals with 8-18 C-atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, Hydroxycitronellal, lilial and bourgeonal, to the ketones e.g. the Jonone, α-isomethylionone and methyl cedryl ketone, to the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, Geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpineol, to the hydrocarbons belong mainly the terpenes like limonene and pinene. However, mixtures are preferred various fragrances for the preparation of the inventive, optional coated, used granules, which together create an appealing Create a fragrance. Such perfume oils can also be natural fragrance mixtures as available from plant sources, e.g. Pine, Citrus, Jasmine, Patchouly, rose or ylang-ylang oil. Also suitable Muscat, sage oil, Chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, lime blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil and labdanum oil, as well as Orange blossom oil, neroliol, Orange peel oil and sandalwood oil.

• (a) mandelartigem Geruch, wie vorzugsweise Benzaldehyd, Pentanal, Heptenal, 5-Methylfurfural, Methylbutanal, Furfural und/oder Acetophenon oder
• (b) apfelartigem Geruch, wie vorzugsweise (S)-(+)-Ethyl-2-methylbutanoat, Diethylmalonat, Ethylbutyrat, Geranylbutyrat, Geranylisopentanoat, Isobutylacetat, Linalylisopentanoat, (E)-β-Damascone, Heptyl-2-methylbutyrat, Methyl-3-methylbutanoat, 2-Hexenal-pentyl-methylbutyrat, Ethylmethylbutyrate und/oder Methyl-2-Methylbutanoat oder
• (c) apfelschalenartigem Geruch, wie vorzugsweise Ethylhexanoat, Hexylbutanoat und/oder Hexylhexanoat oder
• (d) aprikosenartigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise γ-Undecalacton oder
• (e) bananenartigem Geruch, wie vorzugsweise Isobutylacetat, Isoamylacetat, Hexenylacetat und/oder Pentylbutanoat oder
• (f) bittermandelartigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise 4-Acetyltoluol oder(g) schwarze Johannisbeere-artigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise Mercaptomethylpentanon und/oder Methoxymethylbutanethiol oder
• (h) zitrusartigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise Linalylpentanoat, Heptanal, Linalylisopentanoat dodecanal, Linalylformiat, α-p-Dimethylstyrol, p-Cymenol, Nonanal, β-Cubebene, (Z)-Limonenoxid, cis-6-Ethenyltetrahydro-2,2,6-trimethylpyran-3-ol, cis-pyranoidlinalooloxid, Dihydrolinalool, 6(10)-Dihydromyrcenol, Dihydromyrcenol, β-Farnesen, (Z)-β-Farnesen, (Z)-Ocimen, (E)-Limonenoxid, Dihydroterpinylacetat, (+)-Limonen, (Epoxymethylbutyl)-methylfuran und/oder p-Cymen oder
• (i) kakaoartigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise Dimethylpyrazin, Butylmethylbutyrat und/oder Methylbutanal oder
• (j) kokusnußartigem Geruch, wie vorzugsweise γ-Octalacton, γ-Nonalacton, Methyllaurat, Tetradecanol, Methylnonanoat, (3S,3aS,7aR)-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran-2(3H)-on, 5-Butyldihydro-4-methyl-2(3H)-Furanon, Ethylundecanoat und/oder δ-Decalacton oder
• (k) sahneartigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise Diethylacetal, 3-Hydroxy-2-butanon, 2,3-Pentadion und/oder 4-Heptenal oder
• (l) blumenartigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise Benzylalcohol, Phenylessigsäure, Tridecanal, p-Anisylalcohol, Hexanol, (E,E)-Farnesylaceton, Methylgeranat, trans-Crotonaldehyd, Tetradecylaldehyd, Methylanthranilat, Linalooloxid, Epoxylinalool, Phytol, 10-epi-γ-Eudesmol, Neroloxid, Ethyldihydrocinnamat, γ-Dodecalacton, Hexadecanol, 4-Mercapto-4-methyl-2-pentanol, (Z)-Ocimene, Cetylalcohol, Nerolidol, Ethyl-(E)-cinnamat, Elemicin, Pinocarveol, o-Bisabolol, (2R,4R)-Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-2N-pyran, (E)-Isoelemicin, Methyl-2-methylpropanoat, Trimethylphenylbutenon, 2-Methylanisol, β-Farnesol, (E)-Isoeugenol, Nitro-phenylethan, Ethylvanillat, 6-Methoxyeugenol, Linalool, β-Ionon, Trimethylphenylbutenon, Ethylbenzoat, Phenylethylbenzoat, Isoeugenol und/oder Acetophenone oder
• (m) Frische-Geruch wie vorzugsweise Methylhexanoat, Undecanon, (Z)-limonenoxid, Benzylacetat, Ethylhydroxyhexanoat, Isopropylhexanoat, Pentadecanal, β-Elemene, α-Zingiberene, (E)-Limonenoxid, (E)-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol, Menthon, Piperiton, (E)-3-Hexenol und/oder Carveol oder(n) Frucht-Geruch wie vorzugsweise Ethylphenylacetat, Geranylvalerat, γ-Heptalacton, Ethylpropionat, Diethylacetal, Geranylbutyrat, Ethylheptylat, Ethyloctanoat, Methylhexanoat, Dimethylheptenal, Pentanon, Ethyl-3-methylbutanoat, Geranylisovalerat, Iobutylacetat, Ehoxypropanol, Mthyl-2-butenal, Mthylnonanedion, Linalylacetat, Mthylgeranat, Lmonenoxid, Hdrocinnamicalcohol, Dethylsuccinat, Ehylhexanoat, Ehylmethylpyrazin, Nryletat, Ctronellylbutyrat, Heylacetat, Nonylacetat, Butylmethylbutyrat, Pentenal, Isopentyldimethylpyrazin, p-menth-1-en-9-ol, Hexadecanon, Octylacetat, γ-Dodecalacton, Epoxy-β-ionon, Ethyloctenoat, Ethylisohexanoat, Isobornylpropionat, Cedrenol, p-menth-1-en-9-yl acetat, Cadinadien, (Z)-3-Hexenylhexanoat, Ethylcyclohexanoat, 4-Methylthio-2-butanon, 3,5-Octadienon, Methylcyclohexancarboxylat, 2-pentylthiophen, α-Ocimene, Butandiol, Ethylvalerat, Pentanol, Isopiperiton, Butyloctanoat, Ethylvanillat, Methylbutanoat, 2-Methylbutylacetat, Propylhexanoat, Butylhexanoat, Isopropylbutanoat, Spathulenol, Butanol, δ-Dodecalacton, Methylquinoxalin, Sesquiphellandren, 2-Hexenol, Ethylbenzoate, Isopropylbenzoat, Ethyllactat und/oder Citronellylisobutyrat oder
• (o) Geranium-artigen Geruch, wie vorzugsweise Geraniol, (E,Z)-2,4-Nonadienal, Octadienon und/oder o-Xylen oder
• (p) weintraubenartigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise Ethyldecanoat und/oder Hexanon oder
• (q) grapefruitartigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise (+)-5,6-Dimethyl-8-isopropenylbicyclo[4.4.Ojdec-1-en-3-on und/oder p-Menthenethiol oder
• (r) grasartigem Geruch wie vorzugsweise 2-Ethylpyridin, 2,6-Dimethylnaphthalen, Hexanal und/oder (Z)-3-Hexenol oder(s) grüner Note, vorzugsweise 2-Ethylhexanol, 6-Decenal, Dimethylheptenal, Hexanol, Heptanol, Methyl-2-butenal, Hexyloctanoate, Nonansäure, Undecanon, Methylgeranat, Isobornylformiate, Butanal, Octanal, Nonanal, Epoxy-2-decenal, cis-Linalool, Pyranoxid, Nonanol, alpha,γ-dimethylallylalcohol, (Z)-2-penten-1-ol, (Z)-3-hexenylbutanoat, Isobutylthiazol, (E)-2-nonenal, 2-dodecenal, (Z)-4-decenal, 2-octenal, 2-hepten-1-al, Bicyclogermacrene, 2-Octenal, α-Thujene, (Z)-β-Farnesene, (–)-y-Elemene, 2,4-Octadienal, Fucoserraten, Hexenylacetat, Geranylaceton, Valencene, β-Eudesmol, 1-Hexenol, (E)-2-Undecenal, Artemisia keton, Viridiflorol, 2,6-Nonadienal, Trimethylphenylbutenon, 2,4-Nonadienal, Butylisothiocyanat, 2-Pentanol, Elemol, 2-Hexenal, 3-Hexenal, (+)-(E)-Limonenoxid, cis-Isocitral, Dimethyloctadienal, Bornylformiat, Bornylisovalerat, Isobutyraldehyd, 2,4-Hexadienal, Trimethylphenylbutenon, Nonanon, (E)-2-Hexenal, (+)-cis-Rosenoxide, Menthone, Coumarin, (Epoxymethylbutyl)-methylfuran, 2-Hexenol, (E)-2-hexenol und/oder Carvylacetat oder
• (t) Grüner Tee-artigem Geruch, vorzugsweise (–)-Cubenol oder
• (u) kräuterartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Octanon, Hexyloctanoat, Caryophyllenoxide, Methylbutenol, Safranal, Benzylbenzoat, Bornylbutyrat, Hexylacetat, β-Bisabolol, Piperitol, β-Selinene, α-Cubebene, p-Menth-1-en-9-ol, 1,5,9,9-Tetramethyl-12-oxabicyclododeca-4,7-dien, T-muurolol, (–)-Cubenol, Levomenol, Ocimene, α-Thujene, p-Menth-1-en-9-yl acetat, Dehydrocarveol, Artemisia alcohol, γ-Muurolene, Hydroxypentanon, (Z)-Ocimene, β-Elemene, δ-Cadinol, (E)-β-Ocimene, (Z)-Dihydrocarvone, α-Cadinol, Calamenen, (Z)-Piperitol. Lavandulol, β-Bourbonene, (Z)-3-Hexenyl-2-methylbutanoat, 4-(1-Methylethyl)-benzenemethanol, Artemisia keton, Methyl-2-butenol, Heptanol, (E)-Dihydrocarvon, p-2-Menthen-1-ol, α-Curcumene, Spathulenol, Sesquiphellandren, Citronellylvalerat, Bornylisovalerat, 1,5-Octadien-3-ol, Methylbenzoat, 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroanisol und/oder Hydroxycalamenen oder
• (v) honigartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Ethylcinnamate, β-Phenethylacetat, Phenylessigsäure, Phenylethanal, Methylanthranilat, Zimtsäure, β-Damascenone, Ethyl-(E)-cinnamat, 2-Phenylethylalcohol, Citronellylvalerate, Phenylethylbenzoate und/oder Eugenol oder
• (w) Hyazinthen-artigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Hotrienol oder
• (x) jasminartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Methyljasmonate, Methyldihydroepijasmonat und/oder Methylepijasmonat oder
• (y) lavendelartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Linalylvalerate und/oder Linalool oder
• (z) zitronenartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Neral, Octanal, δ-3-Carene, Limonen, Geranial, 4-mercapto-4-methyl-2-pentanol, Citral, 2,3-Dehydro-1,8-cineol und/oder α-Terpinen oder
• (aa) lilienartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Dodecanal oder
• (bb) magnolienartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Geranylaceton oder
• (cc) mandarinenartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Undecanol oder
• (dd) melonenartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Dimethylheptenal oder
• (ee) Minze-artigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Menthone, Ethylsalicylat, p-Anisaldehyd, 2,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethyl-benzofuran, Epoxy-p-menthene, Geranial, (Methylbutenyl)-methylfuran, Dihydrocarvylacetat, β-Cyclocitral, 1,8-Cineol, β-Phellandrene, Methylpentanon, (+)-Limonen, Dihydrocarveol (–)-Carvon, (E)-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol, Isopulegylacetat, Piperiton, 2,3-Dehydro-1,8-cineol, α-Terpineol, DL-carvon und/oder α-Phellandrene oder
• (ff) nußartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise 5-methyl-(E)-2-hepten-4-on, γ-Heptalacton, 2-Acetylpyrrol, 3-Octen-2-on, Dihydromethylcyclopentapyrazin, Acetylthiazol, 2-Octenal, 2,4-Heptadienal, 3-Octenon, Hydroxypentanon, Octanol, Dimethylpyrazin, Methylquinoxalin und/oder Acetylpyrrolin oder
• (gg) orangenartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Methyloctanoat, Undecanon, Decylalcohol, Limonen und/oder 2-Decenal oder
• (hh) Orangenschalen-artigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Decanal und/oder β-Carene oder
• (ii) pfirsichartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise γ-Nonalacton, (Z)-6-Dodecene-γ-lacton, δ-Decalacton, R-δ-Decenolacton, Hexylhexanoat, 5-Octanolid, γ-Decalacton und/oder δ-Undecalacton oder
• (jj) Pfefferminze-artigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Methylsalicylat und/oder I-Menthol oder
• (kk) Kiefer-artigem Geruch, vorzugsweise α-p-Dimethylstyrol, β-Pinene, Bornylbenzoat, δ-Terpinen, Dihydroterpinylacetat und/oder α-einen oder
• (ll) ananasartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Propylbutyrat, Propylpropanoat und/oder Ethylacetat oder
• (mm) pflaumenartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Benzylbutanoat, oder
• (nn) himbeerartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise β-Ionone oder
• (oo) Rose-artigem Geruch, vorzugsweise β-Phenethylacetat, 2-Ethylhexanol, Geranylvalerat, Geranylacetat, Citronellol, Geraniol, Geranylbutyrat, Geranylisovalerat, Citronellylbutyrat, Citronellylacetat, Isogeraniol, Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-2,5-cis-2H-pyran, Isogeraniol, 2-Phenylethylalcohol, Citronellylvalerat und/oder Citronellylisobutyrat, oder
• (pp) Grüne Minze-artigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Carvylacetate und/oder Carveol, oder
• (qq) erdbeerenartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Hexylmethylbutyrat, Methylcinnamat, Pentenal, Methylcinnamate oder
• (rr) süßlichem Geruch, vorzugsweise Benzylalcohol, Ethylphenylacetat, Tridecanal, Nerol, Methylhexanoat, Linalylisovalerat, Undecanaldehyd, Caryophyllenoxid, Linalylacetat, Safranal, Uncineol, Phenylethanal, p-Anisaldehyd, Eudesmol, Ethylmethylpyrazin, Citronellylbutyrat, 4-Methyl-3-penten-2-on, Nonylacetat, 10-Epi-γ-eudesmol, β-Bisabolol, (Z)-6-Dodecen-γ-lacton, β-Farnesene, 2-Dodecenal, γ-Dodecalacton, Epoxy-β-ionon, 2-Undecenal, Styrenglycol, Methylfuraneol, (–)-cis-Rosenoxid, (E)-β-Ocimene, Dimethylmethoxyfuranon, 1,8-Cineole, Ethylbenzaldehyd, 2-Pentylthiophen, α-Farnesene, Methionol, 7-Methoxycoumarin, (Z)-3-Hexenyl-2-methylbutanoat, o-Aminoacetophenon, Viridiflorol, Isopiperitone, β-Sinensal, Ethylvanillat, Methylbutanoat, p-Methoxystyrol, 6-Methoxyeugenol, 4-Hexanolid, δ-Dodecalacton, Sesquiphellandren, Diethylmalat, Linalylbutyrat, Guaiacol, Coumarin, Methylbenzoat, Isopropylbenzoat, Safrole, Durene, γ-Butyrolacton, Ethylisobutyrat und/oder Furfural oder
• (ss) Vanille-artigem Geruch, vorzugsweise Vanillin, Methylvanillat, Acetovanillon und/oder Ethylvanillat oder
• (tt) wassermelonenartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise 2,4-Nonadienal oder
• (uu) holzartigem Geruch, vorzugsweise α-Muurolene, Cadina-1,4-dien-3-ol, Isocaryophyllene, Eudesmol, α-Ionon, Bornylbutyrat, (E)-α-Bergamoten, Linalooloxid, Ethylpyrazin, 10-epi-γ- Eudesmol, α-Ionon, Bornylbutyrat, (E)-α-Bergamoten, Linalooloxid, Ethylpyrazin, 10-epi-γ-Eudesmol, Germacrene B, trans-Sabinenhydrat, Dihydrolinalool, Isodihydrocarveol, β-Farnesene, β-Sesquiphellandren, δ-Elemene, α-Calacorene, Epoxy-β-ionon, Germacrene D, Bicyclogermacrene, Alloaromadendrene, α-Thujene, oxo-β-Ionon, (–)-γ-Elemene. γ-Muurolene, Sabinene, α-Guaiene, α-Copaene, γ-Cadinene, Nerolidol, β-Eudesmol, α-Cadinol, δ-Cadinene, 4,5-Dimethoxy-6-(2-propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxol, [1ar-(1aalpha,4aalpha,7alpha,7abeta,7balpha)]-decahydro-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene-1H-cycloprop[e]azulen, α-Gurjunen, Guaiol, α-Farnesene, γ-Selinene, 4-(1-Methylethyl)-benzenemethanol, Perillen, Elemol, α-Humulene, β-Caryophyllene und/oder β-Guaiene oder
• (vv) Mischungen aus vorgenannten.

enthalten.Granules which can be produced according to the invention can comprise in particular fragrances selected from fragrances with

• (a) almond-like odor, such as preferably benzaldehyde, pentanal, heptenal, 5-methylfurfural, methyl butanal, furfural and / or acetophenone or
• (b) apple-like odor, preferably (S) - (+) - ethyl-2-methylbutanoate, diethyl malonate, ethyl butyrate, geranyl butyrate, geranyl isopentanoate, isobutyl acetate, linalyl isopentanoate, (E) -β-damascone, heptyl-2-methyl butyrate, methyl 3-methylbutanoate, 2-hexenalpentyl-methyl butyrate, ethylmethyl butyrate and / or methyl 2-methylbutanoate or
• (c) apple peel-like odor, such as preferably ethylhexanoate, hexylbutanoate and / or hexylhexanoate or
• (d) apricot-like odor, preferably γ-undecalactone, or
• (e) banana-like odor, such as preferably isobutyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, hexenyl acetate and / or pentyl butanoate or
• (f) a bitter almond-like odor such as preferably 4-acetyltoluene or (g) a black currant-like odor such as preferably mercaptomethylpentanone and / or methoxymethylbutanethiol or
• (c) citrus-like odor such as preferably linalyl pentanoate, heptanal, linalyl isopentanoate dodecanal, linalyl formate, α-p-dimethylstyrene, p-cymenol, nonanal, β-cubebene, (Z) -liminene oxide, cis-6-ethenyl-tetrahydro-2,2,6- trimethylpyran-3-ol, cis-pyranoidlinalooloxide, dihydrolinalool, 6 (10) -dihydromyrcenol, dihydromyrcenol, β-farnesene, (Z) -β-farnesene, (Z) -cime, (E) -liminene oxide, dihydrotypinyl acetate, (+) -Limonen, (Epoxymethylbutyl) -methylfuran and / or p-cymene or
• (i) cocoa like odor, preferably dimethylpyrazine, butylmethyl butyrate and / or methylbutanal or
• (j) coconut-like odor, such as preferably γ-octalactone, γ-nonalactone, methyl laurate, tetradecanol, methyl nonanoate, (3S, 3aS, 7aR) -3a, 4,5,7a-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran-2 (3H) -on, 5-butyldihydro-4-methyl-2 (3H) -furanone, ethyl undecanoate and / or δ-decalactone or
• (k) creamy odor such as preferably diethyl acetal, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, 2,3-pentadione and / or 4-heptenal, or
• (l) flower-like odor such as preferably benzyl alcohol, phenylacetic acid, tridecanal, p-anisyl alcohol, hexanol, (E, E) -farnesylacetone, methyl geranate, trans-crotonaldehyde, tetradecylaldehyde, methyl anthranilate, linalooloxide, epoxylinalool, phytol, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol , Nerol oxide, ethyldihydrocinnamate, γ-dodecalactone, hexadecanol, 4-mercapto-4-methyl-2-pentanol, (Z) -oximes, cetyl alcohol, nerolidol, ethyl (E) -cinnamate, elemicin, pinocarveol, o-bisabolol, ( 2R, 4R) -Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2- (2-methyl-1-propenyl) -2N-pyran, (E) -Isoelemicin, methyl 2-methylpropanoate, trimethylphenylbutenone, 2-methylanisole, β-farnesol, ( E) isoeugenol, nitro-phenylethane, ethyl vanillate, 6-methoxyeugenol, linalool, β-ionone, trimethylphenylbutenone, ethyl benzoate, phenylethyl benzoate, isoeugenol and / or acetophenones or
• (m) freshness odor, preferably methylhexanoate, undecanone, (Z) -limonoxide, benzylacetate, ethylhydroxyhexanoate, isopropylhexanoate, pentadecanal, β-elemene, α-zingiberene, (E) -liminic oxide, (E) -p-mentha-2, 8-dien-1-ol, menthone, piperone, (E) -3-hexenol and / or carveol or (n) fruit odor, preferably ethylphenylacetate, geranylvalerate, γ-heptalactone, ethylpropionate, diethylacetal, geranylbutyrate, ethylheptylate, ethyloctanoate, Methylhexanoate, dimethylheptenal, pentanone, ethyl-3-methylbutanoate, geranylisovalerate, iobutylacetate, ethoxypropanol, methyl-2-butenal, methylnonanedione, linalylacetate, methyl-geranate, ammonium-monoxide, hdrocinnamiccohol, ethylsuccinate, ethylhexanoate, ethylmethylpyrazine, ethyl acetate, cetronellylbutyrate, heylacetate, nonylacetate, butylmethylbutyrate, Pentenal, isopentyldimethylpyrazine, p-menth-1-en-9-ol, hexadecanone, octylacetate, γ-dodecalactone, epoxy-β-ionone, ethyloctenoate, ethylisohexanoate, isobornylpropionate, cedrenol, p-menth-1-en-9-yl acetate , Cadinadiene, (Z) -3-hex enylhexanoate, ethylcyclohexanoate, 4-methylthio-2-butanone, 3,5-octadienone, methylcyclohexanecarboxylate, 2-pentylthiophene, α-ocimene, butanediol, ethylvalerate, pentanol, isopiperiton, butyloctanoate, ethylvanylate, methylbutanoate, 2-methylbutylacetate, propylhexanoate, butylhexanoate, Isopropyl butanoate, spathulenol, butanol, δ-dodecalactone, methylquinoxaline, sesquipellandrene, 2-hexenol, ethyl benzoate, isopropyl benzoate, ethyl lactate and / or citronellyl isobutyrate or
• (o) Geranium-like odor, such as preferably geraniol, (E, Z) -2,4-nonadienal, octadienone and / or o-xylene or
• (p) grape-like odor such as preferably ethyl decanoate and / or hexanone or
• (q) grapefruit-like odor such as preferably (+) - 5,6-dimethyl-8-isopropenylbicyclo [4.4.Ojdec-1-en-3-one and / or p-menthenethiol or
• (r) grassy odor such as preferably 2-ethylpyridine, 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, hexanal and / or (Z) -3-hexenol or (s) green note, preferably 2-ethylhexanol, 6-decenal, dimethylheptenal, hexanol, heptanol, Methyl-2-butenal, hexyloctanoate, nonanoic acid, undecanone, methyl geranate, isobornylformiate, butanal, octanal, nonanal, epoxy-2-decenal, cis-linalool, pyranoxide, nonanol, alpha, γ-dimethylallylalcohol, (Z) -2-pentene 1-ol, (Z) -3-hexenylbutanoate, isobutylthiazole, (E) -2-nonenal, 2-dodecenal, (Z) -4-decenal, 2-octenal, 2-hepten-1-al, Bicyclogermacrene, 2- Octenal, α-Thujene, (Z) -β-Farnesene, (-) - y-Elemene, 2,4-Octadienal, Fucoserrate, Hexenylacetate, Geranylacetone, Valencene, β-Eudesmol, 1-Hexenol, (E) -2- Undecenal, artemisia ketone, viridiflorol, 2,6-nonadienal, trimethylphenylbutenone, 2,4-nonadienal, Butylisothiocyanate, 2-pentanol, elemole, 2-hexenal, 3-hexenal, (+) - (E) -liminene oxide, cis -isocitral, dimethyloctadienal, bornylformate, bornylisovalerate, isobutyraldehyde, 2,4-hexadienal, trimethylphenylbutenone, nonanone, (E. ) -2-Hexenal, (+) - cis-Rosenoxide, Menthone, Coumarin, (Epoxymethylbutyl) -methylfuran, 2-Hexenol, (E) -2-hexenol and / or Carvylacetat or
• (t) Green Tea-like odor, preferably (-) - Cubenol or
• (u) herbaceous odor, preferably octanone, hexyloctanoate, caryophyllene oxides, methylbutenol, safranal, benzyl benzoate, bornyl butyrate, hexyl acetate, β-bisabolol, piperitol, β-selenene, α-cubebene, p-menth-1-en-9-ol, 1 , 5,9,9-tetramethyl-12-oxabicyclododeca-4,7-diene, T-muurolol, (-) - cubenol, levomenol, ocimene, α-thujene, p-menth-1-en-9-yl acetate, Dehydrocarveol, Artemisia alcohol, γ-Muurolene, hydroxypentanone, (Z) -Ocimene, β-elemene, δ-cadinol, (E) -β-Ocimene, (Z) -dihydrocarvone, α-cadinol, calamenene, (Z) -piperitol , Lavandulol, β-bourbonene, (Z) -3-hexenyl-2-methylbutanoate, 4- (1-methylethyl) benzene-ethanol, artemisia ketone, methyl-2-butenol, heptanol, (E) -dihydrocarvone, p-2-menthene 1-ol, α-curcumene, spathulenol, sesquipellandrene, citronellyl valerate, bornyl isovalerate, 1,5-octadien-3-ol, methyl benzoate, 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroanisole and / or hydroxycalmenes or
• (v) honey-like odor, preferably ethyl cinnamate, β-phenethyl acetate, phenylacetic acid, phenylethanal, methyl anthranilate, cinnamic acid, β-damascenone, ethyl (E) -cinnamate, 2-phenylethylalcohol, citronellyl valerate, phenylethyl benzoate and / or eugenol or
• (w) Hyacinth-like odor, preferably Hotrienol or
• (x) jasmine-like odor, preferably methyl jasmonate, methyldihydroepijasmonate and / or methylepijasmonate or
• (y) lavender-like odor, preferably linalyl valerate and / or linalool or
• (z) lemon-like odor, preferably, neral, octanal, δ-3-carene, limonene, geranial, 4-mercapto-4-methyl-2-pentanol, citral, 2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineol and / or α -Terpines or
• (aa) lily-like odor, preferably dodecanal or
• (bb) magnolia-like odor, preferably geranylacetone or
• (cc) mandarin-like odor, preferably undecanol or
• (dd) melon-like odor, preferably dimethylheptenal or
• (ee) minty odor, preferably menthone, ethyl salicylate, p-anisaldehyde, 2,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran, epoxy-p-menthene, geranial, (methylbutenyl) -methylfuran, dihydrocarvylacetate , β-cyclocitral, 1,8-cineole, β-phellandrene, methylpentanone, (+) - limonene, dihydrocarveol (-) - carvone, (E) -p-mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol, isopulegyl acetate, Piperitone, 2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineol, α-terpineol, DL-carvone and / or α-phellandrene or
• (ff) Nutty odor, preferably 5-methyl- (E) -2-hepten-4-one, γ-heptalactone, 2-acetylpyrrole, 3-octen-2-one, dihydromethylcyclopentapyrazine, acetylthiazole, 2-octenal, 2,4 Heptadienal, 3-octenone, hydroxypentanone, octanol, dimethylpyrazine, methylquinoxaline and / or acetylpyrroline or
• (gg) orange-like odor, preferably methyloctanoate, undecanone, decyl alcohol, limonene and / or 2-decenal or
• (hh) orange peel-like odor, preferably decanal and / or beta-carene or
• (ii) peach-like odor, preferably γ-nonalactone, (Z) -6-dodecene-γ-lactone, δ-decalactone, R-δ-decenolactone, hexylhexanoate, 5-octanolide, γ-decalactone and / or δ-undecalactone or
• (jj) peppermint-like odor, preferably methyl salicylate and / or I-menthol or
• (kk) Pine-like odor, preferably α-p-dimethylstyrene, β-pinene, bornyl benzoate, δ-terpinene, dihydroterpinyl acetate and / or α-one or
• (II) pineapple-like odor, preferably propyl butyrate, propyl propanoate and / or ethyl acetate or
• (mm) plum-like odor, preferably benzyl butanoate, or
• (nn) raspberry-like odor, preferably β-ionone or
• (oo) Rose-like odor, preferably β-phenethyl acetate, 2-ethylhexanol, geranyl valerate, geranyl acetate, citronellol, geraniol, geranyl butyrate, geranyl isovalerate, citronellyl butyrate, citronellyl acetate, isogeraniol, tetrahydro-4-methyl-2- (2-methyl-1) propenyl) -2,5-cis-2H-pyran, isogeraniol, 2-phenylethyl alcohol, citronellyl valerate and / or citronellyl isobutyrate, or
• (pp) spearmint-like odor, preferably carvylacetate and / or carveol, or
• (qq) strawberry-like odor, preferably hexylmethyl butyrate, methyl cinnamate, pentenal, methyl cinnamate or
• (rr) sweet odor, preferably benzyl alcohol, ethyl phenylacetate, tridecanal, nerol, methylhexanoate, linalyl isovalerate, undecanedehyde, caryophyllene oxide, linalyl acetate, safranal, uncinol, phenylethanal, p-anisaldehyde, eudesmol, ethylmethylpyrazine, citronellylbutyrate, 4-methyl-3-pentene-2 -on, nonyl acetate, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol, β-bisabolol, (Z) -6-dodecene-γ-lactone, β-farnesene, 2-dodecenal, γ-dodecalactone, epoxy-β-ionone, 2-undecenal , Styrene glycol, methyl furanol, (-) - cis-rose oxide, (E) -β-octenes, dimethylmethoxyfuranone, 1,8-cineols, ethylbenzaldehyde, 2-pentylthiophene, α-farnesene, methionol, 7-methoxycoumarin, (Z) -3 Hexenyl-2-methylbutanoate, o-aminoacetophenone, viridiflorol, isopiperitone, β-sinensal, ethyl vanillate, methyl butanoate, p-methoxystyrene, 6-methoxyeugenol, 4-hexanolide, δ-dodecalactone, sesquiphelands, diethyl malate, linalyl butyrate, guaiacol, coumarin, methyl benzoate, isopropyl benzoate, safroles, durene, γ-butyrolactone, ethyl isobutyrate and / or furfural or
• (ss) vanilla-like odor, preferably vanillin, methyl vanillate, acetovanillon and / or ethyl vanillate or
• (tt) watermelon-like odor, preferably 2,4-nonadienal or
• (uu) woody odor, preferably α-muurolene, cadina-1,4-dien-3-ol, isocaryophyllene, eudesmol, α-ionone, bornyl butyrate, (E) -α-bergamotene, linalooloxide, ethylpyrazine, 10-epi-γ Eudesmol, α-ionone, bornyl butyrate, (E) -α-bergamotene, linalooloxide, ethylpyrazine, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol, germacrene B, trans-sabin hydrate, dihydrolinalool, isodihydrocarveol, β-farnesene, β-sesquiphellandrene, δ- Elemene, α-calacorene, epoxy-β-ionone, germacrene D, bicyclo mermose, alloaromadendrene, α-thujene, oxo-β-ionone, (-) - γ-elemene. γ-Muurolene, Sabinene, α-Guaiene, α-Copaene, γ-Cadinene, Nerolidol, β-Eudesmol, α-Cadinol, δ-Cadinene, 4,5-Dimethoxy-6- (2-propenyl) -1,3- benzodioxole, [1ar- (1aalpha, 4aalpha, 7alpha, 7abeta, 7balpha)] - decahydro-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene-1H-cycloprop [e] azulen, α-gurjunen, guaiol, α-farnesene, γ-seleneins, 4- (1-methylethyl) -benzenemethanol, Perillen, Elemol, α-Humulenes, β-Caryophyllene and / or β-Guaiene or
• (vv) mixtures of the above.

contain.

Around the disintegration of the present invention, optionally coated, granules, for example in tablet form, to facilitate, it is possible Disintegration aids, so-called disintegrants, in to incorporate these to shorten the disintegration times. Under Tablet disintegrants or disintegrants are used according to general understanding Understood excipients for the rapid disintegration of tablets in water and for release the active ingredients provide.

These Substances that are also known as explosives because of their effect become, enlarge with water access their volume, on the one hand increasing the intrinsic volume (swelling), on the other hand also about the Release of gases can create a pressure on the tablet can disintegrate into smaller particles.

Well-known Disintegration aids are, for example, carbonate / citric acid systems, although other organic acids can be used. Swelling disintegration aids are for example synthetic Polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or natural polymers or modified natural products like cellulose and starch and their derivatives, alginates or casein derivatives.

usual, optionally coated granules may advantageously be 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight and especially 4 to 6% by weight of one or more disintegration aids, respectively based on the detergent and / or detergent granules containing.

As preferred disintegrating agents which are suitable for the production of the optionally coated granules according to the invention, disintegrating agents based on cellulose are used in the context of the present invention. Pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C ₆ H ₁₀ O ₅ ) _n and is formally a p-1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is composed of two molecules of glucose. Suitable celluloses consist of about 500 to 5000 glucose units and therefore have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000. Cellulose-based disintegrating agents which can be used in the context of the present invention are also cellulose derivatives obtainable by polymer-analogous reactions of cellulose. Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products of esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted. Celluloses in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bonded via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives. The group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali metal celluloses, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers, and aminocelluloses. The cellulose derivatives mentioned are preferably not used alone as disintegrating agents based on cellulose, but used in admixture with cellulose. The content of these mixtures of cellulose derivatives is preferably below 50% by weight, particularly preferably below 20% by weight, based on the cellulose-based disintegrating agent. It is particularly preferred to use pure cellulose as a cellulose-based disintegrant for the production of the optionally coated granules according to the invention, which is free of cellulose derivatives. As another cellulose-based disintegrant for the production of the optionally coated granules of the invention, microcrystalline cellulose can be used. This microcrystalline cellulose is obtained by partial hydrolysis of celluloses under conditions which attack and completely dissolve only the amorphous regions (about 30% of the total cellulose mass) of the celluloses, but which read the crystalline regions (about 70%) without damage sen.

Around the aesthetic Impression of the present invention, optionally coated to further improve granules, the, optionally coated, granules are colored with suitable dyes, wherein the brightener phase (s) preferably the total amount contains / contain dye (s). Preferred dyes whose selection the expert no difficulty prepares, have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients the washing and / or cleaning agent and against light and none pronounced substantivity across from Textile fibers so as not to stain them.

Preferred for the production of the agents according to the invention are all colorants which can be oxidatively destroyed in the washing process and mixtures thereof with suitable blue dyes, so-called blue toners. It has proved to be advantageous to use colorants for the production of the optionally coated granules according to the invention, which are soluble in water or at room temperature in liquid organic substances. Suitable examples are anionic colorants, for example anionic nitrosofarbstoffe. One possible dye is, for example, naphthol green (Color Index (CI) Part 1: Acid Green 1; Part 2: 10020), which as a commercial product ^® for example as Basacid Green 970 from BASF, Ludwigshafen, is, as well as mixtures thereof with suitable. blue dyes. Further suitable colorants Pigmosol come ^® Blau6900 (CI 74160), Pigmosol ^® Green 8730 (CI 74260), Basonyl ^® Red 545 FL (CI 45170), Sandolan® ^® rhodamine EB400 (CI 45100), Basacid® ^® Yellow 094 (CI 47005), Sicovit ^® Patentblau 85 e 131 (CI 42051), Acid Blue 183 (CAS 12217-22-0, CI Acidblue 183), pigment Blue 15 (CI 74160), Supranol Blue ^® GLW (CAS 12219-32-8, CI Acidblue 221) , Nylosan Yellow ^® N-7GL SGR (CAS 61814-57-1, CI Acidyellow 218) and / or Sandolan ^® Blue (CI Acid Blue 182, CAS 12219-26-0) is used.

at the choice of the colorant must be noted that the colorants not too strong affinity to the textile surfaces and here especially opposite Synthetic fibers have.

At the same time, it should also be taken into account when choosing suitable colorants that colorants have different stabilities to the oxidation. In general, water-insoluble colorants are more stable to oxidation than water-soluble colorants. Depending on the solubility and thus also on the sensitivity to oxidation, the concentration of the colorant in the, optionally coated, granules varies. For highly soluble dyes, for example, ^® the above-mentioned Basacid Green or the above-mentioned Sandolan Blue ^®, are typically colorant Kon-concentrations in the range of a few 10 ^-2 to 10 ^-3 wt .-%, each based on the total detergent and / or detergent granules selected. In the due to their brilliance, particularly preferred, but are less readily water-soluble pigment dyes, for example the above-mentioned Pigmosol ^® ATTO-dyes, the appropriate concentration of the colorant in detergents and / or cleaning agents, however, is typically present in some 10 ^-3 to 10 ^-4. -%, based on the total washing and / or cleaning agent.

EXAMPLE:

silicates, Soda, sulphate, citrate, zeolite, carboxymethylcellulose, repelotex SRP 4 (ex Rhodia; preparation of polyethylene glycol / polyester, sodium silicoaluminate and sodium sulfate) and the filter dusts and the recycling streams (over- and Undersize from the screening after granulation / drying) dosed on an anthology and fed from there to an eddy current mill.

The mill worked with an air temperature of 38 ° C. After grinding, the material had a d ₅₀ of 7 μm, measured in the Camsizer from the company Retsch, and was then usable as a shell material for the granulation. The moisture content of the material decreased to about 6.7% by weight, based on the total milled shell material, by the mill drying of about 9% by weight of water.

As core material (d ₅₀ = 0.76 mm), soda was sifted out and used to start the process. Later, in the current process, a granulate ex granulation / drying was screened out as core material, consisting of undersize in a mixture with good grain. For the preparation of 100% by weight of finished product, corresponding to 76.8% by weight of good grain, 17.6% by weight of core material and 109.4% by weight of shell material were fed continuously into the granulation stage, the indication being 100% by weight .-% on the finished product, ie on a coated, powdered good grain with all processing components (= finished product).

• – 2 Gew.-% einer 20%igen, wässrigen Sokalan-Lösung, Gew.-% bezogen auf Fertigprodukt
• – 0,5 Gew.-% Wasserglaslösung, Gew.-% bezogen auf Fertigprodukt
• – 21,0 Gew.-% eines Gemisches aus Niotensid mit Na-salzen verschiedener Säuren, nämlich zwei Phosphonsäuren, Fett- und ABS-Säure; neutralisiert unter Zugabe von Luft (Schaumneutralisation) mit 4 Gew.-% einer 50%igen Natronlauge, Gew.-% bezogen auf Fertigprodukt.

The granulation took place in Lödige ploughshare mixer (KM) at a Froude number of 3 by spatially separate addition of:

• - 2 wt .-% of a 20% aqueous Sokalan solution, wt .-% based on finished product
• - 0.5 wt .-% water glass solution, wt .-% based on finished product
• - 21.0 wt .-% of a mixture of nonionic surfactant with Na salts of various acids, namely two phosphonic acids, fatty and ABS acid; neutralized with the addition of air (foam neutralization) with 4 wt .-% of a 50% sodium hydroxide solution, wt .-% based on finished product.

All in all the balance showed an amount of water supplied during the granulation of approx. 4.9 Wt .-%. In the fluidized bed about 3.5 wt .-% water are dried out Service. The remaining amount remains in the product and resulted in a water content of about 8.1% by weight in the coated, powdered finished product,% by weight each based on finished product.

The Granules were subsequently added sieved and divided into good grain, nuclear material and oversize and undersize. Screened undersize and oversized grain served as recycling stream, was after flight promotion and deposition in the Filter dosed to an anthology and fed from there back to the eddy current mill.

in the continuous process resulted in such a composition of the shell material entering the granulation stage of 55.0% by weight Recycled material and 54.4 wt .-% of the raw materials mentioned above (Silicates, soda, sulfate, etc.), wt .-% based on finished product.

Part of the screened material / undersize was also returned to the granulation process as core material (d ₅₀ = 0.76 mm). The remaining non-recirculated good grain has then been coated with liquid / suspension and powdering agent. Finally, final powdering and final mixing took place.

The Gutkorn had a d ₅₀ of 0.90 mm (+ 18% compared to the core material) after screening; before screening, the d _{50 was} 0.83 mm (+ 9.2% compared to the core material). The bulk density of the sieved good grain was 610 g / l; the Shape Factor of the sieved Gutkorns at 0.88.

The Determination of solubility of the good grain took place in the so-called L-test. This was 8 g of substance in 1000 ml of water with a hardness of 16 ° dH at 30 ° C given and with a propeller stirrer at 800 rpm. Stirred for 1.5 minutes. The unresolved Solids are with a sieve with a mesh size of 0.2 mm sieved off. The residue was dried to constant weight and weighed, it was at 3% by weight of the starting substance.

Claims (21)

A process for the production of detergents or cleaners, in which a finer shell material is granulated onto a particulate core material, characterized in that the raw materials to be used in the granulation stage are at least partly passed through a mill-drying plant. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the granulation mixer Froude numbers between 2 and 10, preferably between 2.5 and 4, is operated. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the product has a diameter d ₅₀ which is at least 5% and at most 66% greater than the diameter d _{50 of} the core material and at least fifteen times the average diameter (d ₅₀ ) of a Mahltrocknungsstufe originating shell material is. Method according to one of claims 1-3, characterized that the grinding drying process in a pipe, baffle, pin, vibrating, Hammer, air jet or roller mill, preferably in a fluidized air mill, in particular in one with carrier gas working mill done with rotating grinding plates. Method according to one of claims 1-4, characterized that in the grinding drying process air with a temperature between 15 and 220 ° C, preferably between 25 and 120 ° C and in particular between 35 and 70 ° C is used. Process according to claims 1-5, characterized that several, chemically distinguishable Granulationshilfsmittel simultaneously or preferably added sequentially, preferably in the form of solutions, Suspensions, dispersions, foams and / or (nano) emulsions. Method according to one of claims 1-6, characterized that in the mill-drying stage 0.05 to 6 wt .-% water removed be based on the shell material. Method according to one of claims 1-7, characterized that in a granulation downstream drying step be removed between 0.1 and 6 wt .-% water, based on the granules after drying. Method according to one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the core material is present in a very uniform particle size distribution, wherein the ratio of d ₅₀ to d _{90 is} at least 0.50. Method according to one of claims 1-9, characterized that both sifted undersize and oversized grain after the granulation / drying step subjected to a grinding drying process and as part of the shell material be attributed to the process. Method according to one of Claims 1-10, characterized that screened from the product flow, the good and / or undersize and thereafter fed as core material into the process. Method according to one of Claims 1-11, characterized that in addition to granulation liquid (s) in the granulation step further hydrophilic and / or lipophilic liquids and / or salts are incorporated. Method according to one of Claims 1-12, characterized that the granulating agent comprises a liquid, the skin care agent and / or textile care products, in particular silicone oil. Method according to one of claims 1-13, characterized that the granulating agent is a solubility improver includes. Method according to one of claims 1-14, characterized the granulating agent neutralized a liquid Surfactant and builder acids comprises, preferably with a water content of less than 10 wt .-%, advantageously below 6 wt .-% based on the granules. Method according to one of Claims 1-15, characterized that the granulating agent comprises a solution of polymeric substances, preferably with a water content of less than 10 wt .-% based on the granules. Method according to one of claims 1-16, characterized in that the granulation aid comprises at least one foam. Method according to one of claims 1-17, characterized that the total granulating aids total less than 12 Wt .-% water, based on the granules. Method according to one of claims 1-18, characterized that the granulation stage consists of at least one mixer and one Fluidized bed exists. Method according to one of claims 1-19, characterized that the granulation stage of a fast and a slow-running Mixer and a fluidized bed consists. Method according to one of claims 1-20, characterized that a tower process is not part of the process.