DE102004048969B3 - Mounting system for constructions projecting from building structures - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mounting system for constructions (2) projecting from building structures (1), in particular balconies, canopies or other projecting attachments, the building (1) having a load-absorbing ceiling or roof element (10) on the ceiling or roof element ( 10) clamping means (21) are provided, on which the projecting structure (2) is fixed, wherein the cantilevered construction (2) comprises a cross member (23) which is arranged close to and substantially parallel to the building body (1); the cross member (23) is firmly clamped to at least two grips (21) and the cross member (23) is clamped on at least one clamping (22) via a transverse power joint, so that essentially only bending moments and possibly normal forces act on this clamping (22) be transferred to the ceiling or roof element (10). DOLLAR A Further, the invention relates to a transverse force joint (3), which transmits substantially only moments and normal forces for a mounting system according to the invention, wherein at the free end (201) of the clamping (22) in the ceiling or roof element (10) parallel to the longitudinal extent the cross member (23) and vertically aligned plate (31) is fixed and the plate has elongated holes (311) whose longitudinal axes are arranged vertically; on the outside of the plate (31) a mounting plate (32) is provided, which is fixedly connected to the cross member (23); inside the plate (31) has a counter-plate (33) is provided, the clamping (22) with ...

Description

The The invention relates to a mounting system for constructions projecting from building structures, especially balconies, canopies or other cantilever attachments, the building a load-absorbing ceiling or roof element, on the ceiling or roof element clamps are provided, on which the cantilevered Construction is attached.

at free cantilevered attachments to existing structures exists in particular the difficulty arising from the overhanging construction Loads appropriately on the existing structure for Transfer discharge into the ground.

in the Prior art are different methods for initiation the loads of cantilevered structures known. At low Loads, for example, smaller canopies, usually sufficient attachment in the outer wall of the existing structure by means of dowel constructions as a tie rod and corresponding bearing surfaces on the wall as a thrust bearing out.

at higher Loads, as for example in cantilevered balconies or larger canopies occur anchoring the existing structure is difficult. Become frequent therefore elevated Balconies used over separate supports the load of the attached balconies independently on a new to be created Lead foundations or foundations into the ground. This method is costly and often visually disturbing, as the prominent Support the existing building visually dissect.

In contrast, are for overhanging Balconies more complex structures for clamping the cantilevered Construction on the existing structure known. In particular, an anchorage to existing in the existing structure reinforced concrete ceilings advantageous. A reinforced concrete ceiling usually has enough upper Edge reinforcement for receiving the protruding attachment caused additional forces namely Pulling forces on the upper part of the ceiling and compressive forces on the lower part of the Blanket. The supporting masonry underneath also normally has enough load reserve for discharging the loads into the subsoil. Problematic However, an extension of a cantilever construction in the area from door or lintels in the existing building, there are usually no adequate load reserves available. The subsequent reinforcement a fall is costly, often unaesthetic and in many cases too not possible, because passage heights of doors etc. would have to be reduced.

Corresponding In the prior art balcony cultivation systems are known which with visible Elements such as supports and striving work, which often visually disturbing the overall impression of the building impact, but no costly intervention in the existing building fabric require. Exemplary becomes for Such a system on a balcony system from Weland GmbH, Spengler Str. 89-91, 23556 Lubeck directed. In the balcony cultivation system are perpendicular to Hollow profiles, which are fastened by means of adhesive core in the ceiling area are, balcony modules can be hung.

at In this construction, the loads are over the vertical Hollow profile and arranged in the ceiling area adhesive anchor in the existing structure initiated. Since the balcony modules each spaced between two hung mounted hollow sections this system is very rigid and in terms of balcony width, which is free to bridge, limited. Furthermore, also disturb here the construction elements attached to the facade.

task The invention is a mounting system for cantilevered structures on existing structures specify with which a load entry in the existing building without reinforcing profiles placed on the facade etc. and also door or Covering lintel areas possible is.

Is solved This object with a mounting system according to claim 1. The projecting Construction is achieved in the area of a load-bearing ceiling or roof element via clamping. The special feature, however, is that the cantilevered construction has a crossbeam has, which is arranged close to and substantially parallel to the structure is; the crossbeam is firmly clamped at least two restraints, and the cross member to at least a clamping over a Is clamped transverse force joint, so that at this clamping in the essentially transmit only bending moments and possibly normal forces in the ceiling or roof element become.

In this case, the transverse force joint is to be provided in each case at restraints in the region of weakening zones of the existing structural body, for example in the cantilevered fall area. This ensures that the clamping with transverse force joint only transmits bending moments in the region of this clamping on the existing structure. The resulting additional loads are he Considerably lower than if transverse forces, namely in particular the Auflastkräfte the cantilever construction would be initiated at this clamping. Due to the proposed transverse force joint at this at least one clamping the ballast weight is introduced via the cross member to the wengistens two fixed grips in the existing structure.

Shear joints are known in the field of construction engineering under structures. An idealized one Joint can not transmit lateral forces, but only moments and normal forces. Such a transverse power joint is, for example, in bridge construction known as an abutment. The bearing surfaces are arranged horizontally and can have an in between lying cylindrical roller layer on loads as normal forces transferred the bridge pier, whereas transverse forces not transferred become.

Such a cylinder roller bearing is in the DE 30 34 514 A1 appreciated as known.

The In contrast, the transverse force joint used in the mounting system has a vertical Orientation, wherein at the free end of the clamping in the ceiling or Roof element one parallel to the longitudinal extent of the crossbeam and vertically aligned plate is attached, the plate slots has, their longitudinal axes are arranged vertically; externally the plate is provided a mounting plate which is fixed to the cross member connected is; inside the plate provided a counter plate is that embraces the restraint with play; the mounting plate with the counter-plate by means of the slotted holes of the plate Bolt is clamped; and between counter plate and plate as well arranged between plate and mounting plate hinge rollers, whose axes are perpendicular to the slot longitudinal axis and parallel to the Plates are aligned.

If a camp cage is provided for maintaining the joint rollers, the provided in the transverse force joint joint rollers also in their installation orientation be positioned correctly aligned on vertically aligned plates. In particular we with a bearing cage the assembly of the lateral force joint considerably simplified, since the joint is perpendicular to the free axis can be assembled.

In more preferred embodiment of the bearing cage is designed as a protective box, the counter plate, plate and mounting plate substantially encloses. Next the positioning of the joint rollers during the assembly of the lateral force joint At the same time, the joint rollers are protected from dirt, which could fall between the bearing plates, protected. It is thus avoided that the desired Enkopplungsfunktion of the lateral force joint for acting shear forces through Dirt deposits and adhesions on the joint rollers reduced would.

In Another embodiment of the cultivation system is provided that the Clamping for load entry in the ceiling or roof element a combination of horizontal tie rod and push rod, the tie rod on the ceiling or roof element and the pressure rod on to the projecting Attached construction facing edge of the ceiling or roof element are. In this case, the tension rod is preferably directly on the raw ceiling doweled and the push rod attached to the front of the ceiling and also by means of screwed plug connection fixed. When attaching a cantilevered construction by means of and push rod is thus only the removal of the screed in the area the tie rod required for its installation on the reinforced concrete ceiling. For example, if it is a Anbaubalkon are often appropriate conversion measures required in the adjacent room to the balcony of the existing building, such as For example, demolition of the window sill, replacement of a window against a window-door element etc. Thus, the assembly of the tension rod can be easily in the renovation work be integrated and therefore means no major additional Effort. This construction is also applicable for ceiling or roof elements made of wood and for Brick hollow core slabs.

In alternative embodiment, the clamping for load entry in the ceiling or roof element on a bending bar in a in the projecting to the cantilevered face of the reinforced concrete ceiling anchored horizontal bore is anchored. Exclusively for reinforced concrete ceilings However, by providing one in a horizontal core hole in the reinforced concrete ceiling cemented bending rod one the previous building stock least disturbing Solution specified become. In this procedure, floor work inside the building advantageously eliminated.

Preferably, the at least one clamping is arranged with transverse force joint between two fixed clamping. Thus, the force acting as a transverse force in the region of the clamping with transverse force joint weight force on the cross member of this construction is transferred to the two opposite fixed restraints. Of course, the cross member may itself be partially "cantilevered" by providing a clamping with transverse force joint at the end of the cross member In this case, the closest to this clamping fixed restraint would carry the entire ballast of this part of the construction, in addition to the cross member Bie would act which would partially relieve the remoter fixed clamping.

In contrast, is the preferred from the load distribution forth and for many applications also most suitable embodiment, characterized in that at both Ends of the cross member one fixed restraint and at least one restraint between them are provided with transverse force joint. Is it for example around a balcony can be found in the entire middle between the at both ends of the cross member arranged fixed clamps on the existing building the load bearing of the cross member and the shear force decoupling restraint with shear force joint one significant relief can be achieved. Consequently, existing in this area lintels etc. without a supplementary reinforcement to be kept. The ballast of the attached balcony is included essentially only about the fixed grips at the two ends of the cross member in the ceiling of the existing building introduced and derived from the camber bearing areas in the ground. So it's going to be a lot the balcony load by rearrangement to tight restraints in the area the lintel, ie in supporting masonry initiated with sufficient load reserve. A fall reinforcement is thus usually not required. Nevertheless, the due to the cantilever construction attacking the restraints Bending moments over the lateral force joints are directed into the existing structure.

If on the cross member cantilevered beams as substructure for a balcony or a canopy are attached, becomes a more compact Substructure for example for the balcony floor or a canopy provided. The cross member like The attached cantilever beams are preferably made of double flange same height dimension manufactured and welded together. For a balcony substructure can thus balcony depths up to 1.5 m and balcony widths of 4 m or more be achieved. The arrangement of the fixed clamping and the clamping with transverse force joint is variable, with which any balcony layers and Balcony widths can be realized.

Around the load weights of the balcony load in the area of the enclosure Disconnect the transverse force joint from the clamping and over the Cross member in to relocate the fixed restraints, the transverse force joint is so trained that vertical powers are not be recorded.

following is an embodiment of the Anbausystems and the transverse force joint used under With reference to the accompanying drawings described in detail.

In this shows:

1 in a partially sectioned plan view of a projecting structure cantilevered construction according to the mounting system according to the invention,

2 in a plan view, a clamping with transverse force joint according to the in 1 illustrated construction,

3 in the 2 illustrated arrangement in a sectional side view along in 2 with AA represented area and

4 the transverse force joint in a representation along the in 2 respectively. 3 represented level BB.

In 1 is an existing building in partially sectioned top view 1 on the left side of the drawing and a cantilevered construction 2 shown on the right side of the drawing. The existing building or the existing building 1 has a ceiling element 10 in the form of a reinforced concrete ceiling. In under the reinforced concrete ceiling 10 lying floor is a large window opening with a long fall 11 realized. The fall 11 is on wall sections as a fall support 12 and 13 supported.

At one end 100 the reinforced concrete ceiling 10 is the cantilevered construction 2 grown as a balcony. For the balcony cultivation 2 are in the existing storey ceiling 10 five horizontal core holes 101 in the face 100 the floor ceiling 10 brought in.

The horizontal bore 101 has, for example, a diameter of 100 mm and a drilling depth of 1000 mm. In each of the five horizontal bores 101 becomes a bending rod 20 cemented in the form of a suitable tube, for example the dimension diameter 88.9 × 8 mm. These cemented bending rods 20 make up a total of five restraints 21 respectively. 22 ,

Close to and essentially parallel to the building 1 is a crossbeam 23 on the cantilevered construction 2 intended. The crossbeam 23 is stuck at its ends with the restraints 21 connected. The between the fixed edge restraints 21 arranged three further clamping 22 are with a transverse power joint 3 with the crossbeam 23 connected such that loading perpendicular to the plane of the 1 not on the restraints 22 be transmitted.

At the cross member 23 are in extension of the fixtures 21 . 22 forming bending rods 20 cantilevered beams 24 attached.

This cantilevered construction 2 forms the substructure of a balcony, not shown here. Here is this construction 2 preferably made of standardized double-flange carriers. The crossbeam 23 consists for example of a double flange HEB 180 and the cantilevered beams 24 made of double flange girders of the dimension IPE 180 , In the nodal areas of the projecting beams 24 with the crossbeam 23 the carriers are welded together.

A restraint 22 with transverse force joint 3 is in the 2 to 4 shown in detail. In 2 is a part of the reinforced concrete ceiling in plan view 10 with horizontal bore located therein 101 shown. Likewise, in the sectional view of 3 the reinforced concrete ceiling 10 with integrated lintel 11 played. In the horizontal hole 101 is the bending rod 20 firmly cemented.

At the free end 201 of the bending rod 20 is the transverse force joint 3 stated. The transverse force joint 3 has a vertically aligned plate 31 as the first bearing plate. This first bearing plate 31 is for example with the free end 201 of the bending rod 20 welded. In the plate 31 are four slots 311 introduced, the longitudinal axes are arranged vertically. On the outside, ie of the existing building 1 turned away, is parallel to the plate 31 a mounting plate or second bearing plate 32 arranged. The mounting plate 32 is with the cross member 23 , For example, connected by a welded joint.

Inside of the plate 31 , so directed to the existing building, is a counter plate or third bearing plate 33 provided the bending rod 20 the clamping 22 formed with game encompassing.

The first bearing plate 31 arranged in parallel second and third bearing plates 32 . 33 each have four to the four slots 311 the first bearing plate 31 corresponding through holes 321 . 331 on. Through the through holes 321 . 331 and long holes 311 are four bolts 34 Box Type. With the bolts 34 be the mounting plate 32 with the counter plate 33 braced.

Between the third bearing plate 33 and the first bearing plate 31 and between the first bearing plate 31 and the second bearing plate 32 are each jointed rollers 35 arranged in load-receiving sufficient number distributed on the corresponding bearing surfaces. The articulated rollers 35 are with their cylinder axes parallel to each other and horizontally, ie to the longitudinal axis of the slots 311 aligned vertically. This allows the articulated rollers 35 a low-friction lateral movement perpendicular to the plane of the 2 , ie in the vertical direction in the scope of the scope in the oblong holes 311 the first bearing plate 31 , Accordingly, on the cantilevered construction 2 acting vertical forces as so-called. Transverse forces of the transverse force joint 3 not on the restraint 22 transfer. Accordingly, the takes in the cantilever construction 2 provided cross member 23 the ballast and stores the ballast on the fixed clamping 21 . 21 (S. 1 ) around.

With with the cultivation system according to the invention Lateral force joint can thus cantilevered constructions, especially balconies and canopies existing buildings be mounted in the area of ceiling or roof elements load-bearing, even if in the area covered by the construction weakening zones, such as door or lintels available.

in the Unlike separately raised balconies are no visible supports and newly founded Foundations required. In contrast to the known ones, to existing ones buildings grown balcony systems are missing any on the building facade applied struts or reinforcing elements.

With the construction can with appropriate choice of material a cantilever of the balcony to 1.5 m can be realized easily. As well as large balcony widths of 4 m or more can be achieved can very large cultivation balconies be realized as projecting constructions. Due to the supportive and strutless construction will be apartments located under the balcony less impaired. Furthermore, can Balconies also very individual, for example only for individual Apartments or mounted on different positions on the facade be as a load distribution in the mounting structure over several Bullets not necessary is.

Thus, the system according to the invention is an economical solution, especially for buildings with a lower number of storeys. The supporting balcony construction (projecting construction 2 ) are made of standardized, easily procurable and correspondingly inexpensive components, such as double-flange carriers.

By the selective connections of the cantilevered construction to the existing reinforced concrete floor thermal bridges are largely avoided. In addition, a circumferential thermal insulation around the cantilever construction advantage be careful.

1

Building, existing building

10

Cover- or roof element, reinforced concrete floor

100

face

101

horizontal drilling

11

fall

12

Sturzauflager, masonry

13

Sturzauflager, masonry

2

cantilevered Construction, balcony annex

20

bending Beam

201

free The End

21

clamping

22

clamping

23

crossbeam

24

cantilevered carrier

3

Lateral force joint

31

Plate, first bearing plate

311

Long hole

32

Mounting plate second bearing plate

321

Through Hole

33

Counter plate, third bearing plate

331

Through Hole

34

bolt

35

joint rollers

Claims (9)

Mounting system for building structures ( 1 ) projecting constructions ( 2 ), in particular balconies, canopies or other cantilevered attachments, wherein - the structure ( 1 ) a load-absorbing ceiling or roof element ( 10 ), - on the ceiling or roof element ( 10 ) Fixtures ( 21 ) are provided, on which the cantilevered construction ( 2 ), characterized in that - the cantilevered construction ( 2 ) a cross member ( 23 ), which is close to and substantially parallel to the structure ( 1 ) is arranged; - the crossbeam ( 23 ) to at least two restraints ( 21 ) is firmly clamped, and - the cross member ( 23 ) at least one clamping ( 22 ) is clamped over a transverse force joint, so that at this clamping ( 22 ) essentially only bending moments and possibly normal forces in the ceiling or roof element ( 10 ) be transmitted. Mounting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping ( 21 . 22 ) for load entry into the ceiling or roof element ( 10 ) has a combination of horizontal tie rod and push rod, wherein the tie rod on the ceiling or roof element ( 10 ) and the push rod on the edge facing the cantilevered structure ( 100 ) of the ceiling or roof element ( 10 ) are attached. Cultivation system according to claim 1 with a reinforced concrete ceiling ( 10 ) as a ceiling or roof element, characterized in that the clamping ( 21 . 22 ) for load entry into the ceiling or roof element ( 10 ) a bending rod ( 20 ), which in a in the projecting to the cantilevered end face ( 100 ) of the reinforced concrete ceiling ( 10 ) horizontal boring ( 101 ) is anchored. Mounting system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the at least one clamping ( 22 ) with transverse force joint ( 3 ) between two fixed clamps ( 21 ) is arranged. Mounting system according to claim 4, characterized in that at both ends ( 231 . 232 ) of the cross member ( 23 ) each a fixed clamping ( 21 ) and in between at least one clamping ( 22 ) with transverse force joint ( 3 ) are provided. Mounting system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the cross member ( 23 ) projecting beams ( 24 ) are attached as a substructure for a balcony or a canopy. Cultivation system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transverse force joint ( 3 ) is designed so that vertical forces are not absorbed, wherein - at the free end ( 201 ) the clamping ( 22 ) in the ceiling or roof element ( 10 ) one parallel to the longitudinal extent of the cross member ( 23 ) and vertically oriented plate ( 31 ), the plate having slots ( 311 ), whose longitudinal axes are arranged vertically; - outside of the plate ( 31 ) a mounting plate ( 32 ) provided with the cross member ( 23 ) is firmly connected; - inside the plate ( 31 ) a counter plate ( 33 ) is provided, which the clamping ( 22 ) with play embraces; - the mounting plate ( 32 ) with the counter plate ( 33 ) by means of the oblong holes ( 311 ) of the plate ( 31 ) penetrating bolts ( 34 ) is braced; and - between counter-plate ( 33 ) and plate ( 31 ) as well as between plate ( 31 ) and mounting plate ( 32 ) Articulated rollers ( 35 ) whose axes are perpendicular to the longitudinal slot axis and parallel to the plates ( 31 . 32 . 33 ) are aligned. Mounting system according to claim 7, characterized in that at the transverse force joint ( 3 ) a bearing cage for maintaining the joint rollers ( 35 ) is provided. Mounting system according to claim 8, characterized in that the bearing cage as a protective box is formed, the counter plate ( 33 ), Plate ( 31 ) and mounting plate ( 32 ) substantially encloses.