DD206955A1 - DEVICE FOR WORKING WORKPIECES, SUCH AS DRILLING, MILLING OD. A., PARTICULARLY IN THE FORM OF A MULTI-SPINDING MACHINING CENTER - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim and object of the invention are to develop a device for processing workpieces to the effect that with this several Arbeitsvorgaenge, even on several workpieces, can be made simultaneously, without having to span this and beyond the processing times can be significantly reduced. According to the invention, the object is achieved by the combination of features known in some cases, such as a movable unit equipped with an accuracy for at least one workpiece receiving pallet, a clamping unit, which is provided with guide parts for the pallet, a clamping unit, the a mounted on the stand drive for vertical working movements of the clamping unit is connected to a stand, which is placed in particular indirectly on a bed, a particular immovable executed unit, which is arranged in particular separated from bed and stand on its own stand body, a bed with a cross slide is provided and the tools or drive units are arranged horizontally and between the units a funnel transport is provided, solved.

Description

Зегііп, 1. 12. 1S81 59 547/25

Device for machining workpieces, such as drilling, milling or a, in particular in the form of a multi-spindle machining center

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a device for machining workpieces, such as drilling, milling od. A «, in particular in the form of a multi-spindle machining center, consisting of at least two units, of which one unit at least one pallet receiving the respective workpieces and the other unit at least one acting on a respective workpiece tool and of which at least one unit is movably disposed on a supporting structure and in particular this unit is equipped with working movements in different axial directions enabling drives, and the other unit is designed in particular in the manner of a fixieroaren block and the movable unit has a bed with at least one stand arranged vertically thereon.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

For the processing of workpieces are used in increasingly pale facilities on the type of so-called machining centers, which are characterized essentially by the fact that a clamped on the clamping unit workpiece until its completion, but at least aufіз to perform some machining operations, remains clamped.

A known device of this type is essentially formed by two units, one of which is a fixed

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25

and the other is movable. The fixed unit, which is often carried out in the form of a fixed block, with a clamping unit, for. B. a clamping table, provided, on which a workpiece to be machined can be clamped. The movable unit, the working movements in three axial directions, namely X, Y and Z, perform, is equipped with the respective workpiece machining workpieces, which are included for machining a workpiece in a spindle of a upwardly and downwardly movable headstock. This movable unit is formed by the stand, a cross slide supporting it and a bed carrying and guiding these two parts. On this bed, the cross slide is placed perpendicular to the bed and can be moved back and forth along the bed. The stand, which in turn is placed on the cross table, can be reciprocated in the longitudinal direction of the cross table on this, this movement is perpendicular to the movement of the cross slide on the bed. Through this differentiated movements of cross slide, stand and headstock can be approached on the workpiece several positions, so that corresponding processing can be performed on this workpiece. This has the Polge that the workpiece for the purpose of processing, with a number of attached to a known tool changer tools, does not need to be re-clamped, but may need to be stretched after applying several and / or all tools. Although a device of this type can perform several operations without re-clamping the workpiece and automatically add successive workpieces with the addition of a pallet replacement, this type of device or machining center is limited to picking and machining only one workpiece and usually, if multi-spindle heads are not

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25

-. 3 -

only a tool is received in a work spindle and driven by a main drive (see DE-OS 2,414,615).

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to inexpensively increase the utility characteristics of work piece processing equipment,

Presentation of 7 / esens the invention

The invention has the object of developing a device for machining workpieces to the effect that with this several operations, even at several V / erkstücken, can be made simultaneously, without having to span this and beyond the processing times can be significantly reduced, whereby neither the quality of the processing is impaired, nor the tools undergo a strong heating during the machining process and in the removal of the chips greatly facilitated and the exact guidance of the tools, even when processing complicated workpieces and hard materials, guaranteed.

According to the invention this object is achieved with a device of the type mentioned by the combination of following ilerknale:

a) the movable unit is equipped with a tensioning unit for a range of at least one scoop receiving pallet,

b) the clamping unit is provided with guide parts for the pallet, and the movable unit is provided with further guiding means for its stand,

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25

c) the clamping unit is connected to a drive mounted on the stand for vertical working movements (axial direction Y) of the clamping unit,

d) the stand is placed in particular indirectly on a bed and guided there in a working movement (axial direction Z) perpendicular to the vertical working movement (axial direction X) of the clamping unit,

e) the unit, in particular immovable, is in particular separated from the bed and stand, arranged on a separate stand body and consists of at least one drive unit and in particular a plurality of work spindles placed on this unit for receiving Y / c,

f) the bed is provided with a cross slide, and this cross slide is arranged in a working movement (axial direction X) perpendicular to the horizontal working movement (axial direction Z) of the stand on the bed,

g) the tools (working spindles) are arranged horizontally and there is a chip removal between the units

By these measures, not only the object underlying the invention is advantageously solved, but it also achieves other advantages. Thus, for example, it is possible to significantly increase the productivity of the device by coupling a plurality of movable or fixed units. Also, by this design of the device with horizontal work spindles and a chip transporter between the units a significant advantage is seen in that the removal of the resulting chips can be easily derived and this

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 5 -

Thus, does not lie on the workpiece, where it not only causes a considerable Aufheitzzung the 7 / erkstückes and the tools themselves, but also hinders the supply of cooling and lubricating fluid.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the clamping unit is equipped with parts of a pallet changer, and that are arranged on the pallet with these parts v / irkende opposites and clamping means for the workpiece.

This measure has the advantage that the workpiece can be clamped onto a pallet and conveyed together with it to the respective machining operation, whereby inaccuracies caused by repeated re-clamping can be ruled out.

To facilitate the clamping of the workpiece to the respective pallet and this on the clamping unit, another feature of the invention is characterized in that each pallet is part of the clamping unit, and that this range perpendicular to the vertical movement of Spanneinhe.it in the parts the pallet changer is on and executable.

Likewise, another feature of the invention for the purpose of easier clamping is characterized in that each pallet is part of the clamping unit, and that this pallet is parallel to the vertical movement of the clamping unit in the parts of the pallet changer and executable.

Sine further advantageous development of the invention further consists in that the clamping unit at their, parallel

1. 12. 1981

59 547/25

to the Bewegungsach.se extending sides pivot bearing, and in that at least two bearing pins for their engagement in the pivot bearings are arranged on a pallet carrier, and this pallet carrier is equipped with parts of a pallet changer, are mounted on a pallet carrying the workpieces opposites, and that the pallet is tiltably mounted together with the pallet carrier about an axis of the pivot bearing on this.

This latter measure allows a wide pivoting of the workpieces, so that other sides of the same can be detected by the tool or the tools without a re-tightening, whereby the processing times can be further reduced.

Likewise, according to the invention, the tools or drive units attached to the unit, which is in particular immovably designed, are arranged horizontally in a plane next to one another. In addition, according to the invention, that each tool or each drive unit is provided on a separate carriage unit, and that each carriage unit has parallel to the drive unit its own adjusting axis.

Another feature according to the invention is that a guide extending in the direction of its adjusting axis and thus also in the direction of the axial direction (Z) is provided on the unit which is in particular immovably designed for each carriage unit. It is likewise advantageous for all tools arranged on the unit or drive units arranged on them running tool magazine and the drive units of this from. can be supplied with tools.

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 7 -

embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail in several embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1: a side view of a erfinaung3gemäße device, consisting of a bev / egbaren and a fixed unit;

Fig. 2: a plan view of the device according to Pig. 1;

Pig. 3 shows a side view of a device according to the invention with the changing device for workpieces clamped on pallets;

Fig. 4: a plan view of the device according to Pig. 2;

Pig. 5 shows a side view of a device according to the invention with movable units and a changing device for workpieces clamped on pallets;

Pig. 6: a plan view of the device according to Pig. 5;

Pig. FIG. 7 shows a side view of a device with a pallet tiltable about an axis on the clamping unit; FIG.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the device of Fig. 7;

9 shows an end view of the unit, in particular immovable, with four carriage units arranged side by side in a horizontal plane with tools or work spindles arranged on them and a tool magazine circulating about them;

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 8 -

Pig 10: A side view of the device with representation of both units

The device 1 according to the invention for machining workpieces 2, such as drilling and milling thereof, is designed in the manner of a multi-spindle machining center and is essentially made up of two units 3; 4 is formed, of which at least one unit on a so-called foundation body 5 is preferably immovable and the other unit is arranged movable on a ground. The units 3; 4, of which the one, movable unit 3 serves for clamping of workpieces 2 to be machined and the other, preferably immovable unit 4 of the receptacle and the actuation of the workpieces processing tools 6 are arranged to each other so that they are collectively on the or the workpieces can act. For this purpose, the units 3; 4 with which they or * their tools 6 or other pallet changer 14 moving and not always shown in the figures drive 7, the drive unit 8, the pivot drive 9 equipped, and it is the movable units and / or parts thereof on guide means 10; 11 led, due to high stability and precise processing not only an exact guidance of the units and / or their parts, but also a corresponding delivery of the same, d. H. of the workpieces 2 or to the tools б and vice versa, allow. Analogous to the individual machining operations, one of the units 4, namely the one comprising the tools 6, is equipped with at least one tool, and this unit can also, with a corresponding number of machining operations, also be equipped with several tools, as well as at least one tool changing device. consisting of tool magazine 12 and tool changer 13 »in a conventional manner, be equipped.

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 9 -

By, this design of the device 1 and arrangement of their units 3; 4, the latter can together or at least one of them alone working movements in the three known axial directions X, Y, Z, where it is left at the discretion of the application and the conception of the device itself, the individual units or all only certain working movements in the imposing the aforementioned axial directions. Depending on the design of the device 1 and, analogously thereto, the work processes to be performed by this device, these often depending on the size of the workpiece 2 and its machining cycles, the unit 3 receiving the workpiece (s) can also be used with a pallet changer 14 for pallets 15; be equipped. In such a Pail, the workpieces 6 via corresponding brackets 17; 18 to the "respective pallet 15; 16 are stretched where they remain stretched until they have been processed on the device 1 or are then fed along with this palette further processing operations to be tautened after completion of processing of the pallet again. The application of pallets 15; 16, through which not only the usual, repeated Aufspannvorgänge can be saved, allows a time-saving clamping and adjustment of the workpieces 2 to the tool 6 and the respective work spindle, so that the setup times can be significantly reduced.

In the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figs. 1 and 2, the movable unit 3 serves to clamp the work piece 2, and is essentially constituted by a bed 19, a cross slide 20 mounted and movable thereon perpendicularly to the bed and one thereon Cross slide and at right angles to this mounted and movable stand 21 is formed. 3ine the workpieces 2 directly receiving

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 10 -

Clamping unit 22 is arranged here on the stator 21 movable up and down. In this embodiment, the tools 6 receiving unit 4 in the manner of a fixed block is preferably arranged stationarily on a foundation body 5, so that all working movements in the axial directions X, Y and Z alone from the workpiece 2, d. H. the cross slide 20, stand 21 and clamping unit 22 are performed. All moving parts of this unit are in exactly trained Pührungsmitteln 10; 11 out of which the guide means on the bed 19 and cross slide 20 z. B. as rails and the guide means on the stand 21 z. B. can be designed as gate guides. In addition to these guides these parts are provided with the drive 7 and the drive unit 8, which perform the individual drive movements according to the degree of required delivery of the workpiece 2 to the tool 6. The stationarily executed here unit 4 with the or attached to this tool 6 is equipped with one or more rotating tool magazines 12 which are equipped in a known manner with the respective machining sequence of the workpiece 2 corresponding tools and of which the respective working spindle of the tool a tool changer 13 removes the tool in question to promote this on the work spindle and from this back to the tool magazine. In the arrangement chosen here, the clamping unit 22 for the only indicated in phantom in FIG. 3 indicated workpieces 2, these are not processed from above, but laterally from the tools 6, so that the costs incurred in the machining chips do not remain on the respective workpiece, but to fall down. For this purpose, a chip conveyor 24 is provided below the tools 6 for the chips, which may consist of a shaft in BIasehinenfundament and / or floor and an underlying, but only indicated in phantom in the drawings discharge channel 23.

1. 12. 1981

59 547/25 - 11 -

The embodiment of the device 1 according to the Pig. and 4 is substantially the same as Pig. 1 and 2 and differs from this mainly in that here next to the movable unit 3, a pallet changer И for pallets 15; 16 has been provided laterally. The pallet changer 14 is doing of two slide guides 25; 26 formed, each of which is offset from the other by 90 °. This arrangement of the slide guides 25; each other allows the feed of a slotted guide, z. B. the slide guide 25, the pallet changer with a pallet 15 together with workpieces 2 in horizontal pallet position at the time at which the other slide guide 26 of the pallet changer 14 with the transfer or, take over another pallet 16 on or from the pallet carrier or ., the holder 17 of the clamping unit 22 of the stator 21 is busy. Pur the inclusion of the respective pallet 15 or 16 by the pallet carrier of the clamping unit 22 on the stator 21 is also this clamping unit with slide guides 27; 28 for the counterparts on the pallet. The arrangement of the workpieces on the respective pallet 15 or 16 of the workpiece assembly can be made as in a known per se, fixed unit, with multiple arrangement of workpieces on such a pallet they are preferably processed so that the forces acting on the workpieces the tools 6 can pick up if possible. When pallet changer 14 as shown, only the pivot drive 9 is shown for the pallet change. However, to the respective pallet 15; 16 from the slotted guide 25; 26 of this pallet changer on the slotted guide 27; 28 to move the pallet carrier of the clamping unit 22 or vice versa, a not shown in the drawings push / pull rod is provided, the change of the pallets 15; 16 performs. The drive 7 for the

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 12 -

Moving up and down of the clamping unit 22 on the stator 21 may be arranged on the head thereof, wherein z. B. via a spindle in a guide means 11, see. Pig. 2, guided on the stand Traverse the clamping unit 22 is moved.

In the pig. 5 and 6, a device 1 is shown in which, in addition to the possibility of movement of the unit 2 accommodating the workpiece 2, the unit 4 accommodating the workpiece 6 is designed to be movable at least in one axial direction (eg X). The possibility of movement of the unit (s) 6 receiving the unit (s) 6 appears to be advantageous in that the clamping unit 22 can be equipped with an elongated workpiece 2 or several workpieces arranged longitudinally one behind the other and for the pallet changer 14 a free space next to the stand 21 is provided.

The embodiment of the device 1 according to Figures 7 and 8 differs from the aforementioned only in that the attached to the stator 21 clamping unit 22 pivot bearing 29; 30, in which the to the pallets 15; 16 bearing supports mounted bearing pin 31; 32 are rotatably inserted and lockable. In this way, a workpiece 2 supporting pallet 15; 16 to one through the pivot bearing 29; 30 leading axis 33 on both sides against the stand 21 tilt, so that also lateral Plächen the workpiece 2 to a degree of tilting corresponding degree, from the or, the 7 / erkuchen б can be achieved.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 9 and 10, the concept of the device 1 according to the first described embodiments has been largely retained. Only the preferably stationarily arranged unit Δ is formed here longer, and there are arranged on her four adjacently adjoined tools 6, ie drive units 8.

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 13 -

In accordance with the pretreated embodiments, the tools 6 or drive units 8 are preferably also arranged successively in a horizontal plane; However, this does not exclude to provide other arrangements, especially when different locations on the workpiece 2 to be approached. In order to facilitate the approach of the tools б on the respective workpiece 2, the tools can be arranged on each of its own slide unit 37, which is mounted axially displaceably on the unit 4. The axial displaceability of this slide unit 37 is preferably carried out in the axial direction Z, wherein for the displacement of a particular displacement drive is assigned. Likewise, the carriage unit 37 is provided with its own, not shown in the drawings adjusting axis, which runs parallel to the drive unit 8. Each slide unit 37 is also placed on the unit 4 via its own guide 38.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown here alone. Thus, it is possible, for example, the loading of the clamping unit 22 by means of the respective pallet 15; 16 instead of from the side also from above. It is also possible, instead of the illustrated here, z. B. square-shaped tool magazines oval, oblong or round and, where appropriate, this instead of laterally on the tools б bearing unit 4 to arrange on the head of the unit 4. It is also possible in such a device, the unit 6 having the tools 4 to allow movements in the axial direction X, so that the stator 21, which performs working movements in the axial direction Z, could have pallet changer 14 on both sides. This could pallets 15; be pushed through, which would allow a simpler linking of facilities 1.

Claims (9)

1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 17 - 1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 16 - 1. 12. 1981 59 547/25 - 15 - Working movement, axial direction X, of the clamping unit (22) movably guided, e) the in particular immovable unit (4) is in particular separated from the bed (19) and stand (21) on a separate stand body, advantageously on a foundation body (5), and consists of at least one drive unit (8) and in particular more this unit mounted work spindles for receiving tools (6), f) the bed (19) is provided with a cross slide (20), and this cross slide is arranged in a working movement, axial direction X, perpendicular to the horizontal working movement, axial direction Z, of the stand (21) on the bed (19), g) the tools or drive units are arranged horizontally, and a chip removal is provided between the units. 1. A device for machining workpieces, such as drilling, milling or »a., In particular in the form of a meb.rspind.eli ~ gen machining center, consisting of at least two units, of which one unit at least one of the respective workpieces receiving pallet and the other unit has at least one tool acting on a respective workpiece and of which at least one unit is movably mounted on a supporting structure and in particular this unit is provided with working motions in different axial directions enabling drives, and the other unit, in particular Type of a fixable block is formed, and the movable unit has a bed with at least one vertically arranged stand, characterized by the combination of the following, some known per se features: a) the movable unit (3) is equipped with a clamping unit (22) for a pallet (15, 1δ) receiving at least one workpiece (2), b) the tensioning unit (22) is provided with guide parts, advantageously in the form of link guides (27; 28), for the pallet (15; 16), and it is the movable unit (3) with further guide means (10; 11) for their stand (21) provided, c) the tensioning unit (22) is connected to a drive (7) mounted on the stand (21) for vertical working movements, axial direction Y, of the tensioning unit, d) the stand (21) is placed in particular indirectly on a bed (19) and there in a working movement, axial direction 2, perpendicular to the vertical 1. 12- 1981 59 547/25 - 14 - Complaining 2. Device according to item 1, characterized in that the clamping unit (22) with a slotted guide (27) and a pivot bearing (29) of a pallet changer (14) is equipped, and in that on the pallet (15; 16) acting with these parts Opposing parts, advantageously slotted guides (25; 26) and clamping means for the workpieces (2) are arranged. 3. Device according to item 2, characterized in that each pallet (15; 16) is part of the clamping unit (22), and in that this pallet perpendicular to the vertical movement of the clamping unit in the slide guides (25; 26) of the pallet changer (14) - and is executable. 4. Device according to item 2, characterized in that each pallet (15; 16) is part of the clamping unit (22), and in that this pallet is parallel to the vertical movement of the clamping unit in the parts of the pallet changer (14) and executable. 5. Device according to item 1, characterized in that the clamping unit (22) parallel to the axis of movement extending sides pivot bearing (29; 30), and in that arranged on a pallet carrier at least two bearing journals (31; 32) for their engagement in the pivot bearings and this pallet carrier is equipped with parts of a pallet changer (14) for which counterparts, advantageously link guides (26), are mounted on a pallet (15, 16) supporting the workpieces (2), and in that the pallet (15, 16 ) is tiltably mounted together with the pallet carrier about an axis (33) of the pivot bearing on these. 6. Device according to item 1, characterized in that the attached to the particular immovably executed unit (4) tools (6) or drive units (8) are arranged horizontally in a plane next to each other. 7. Device according to item 6, characterized in that each tool (6) or drive unit (8) on a separate carriage unit (37) is provided, and that each carriage unit has parallel to the drive unit has its own adjusting axis. 8 · Device according to point 7, characterized in that for each slide unit (37) in the direction of its axis and thus also in the direction of the axial direction (Z) extending guide (38) on the particular immovable running unit (4) is envisaged. 9. Device according to item 6, characterized in that arranged for all on the unit (4) arranged tools (6) or drive units (8) over them a running tool magazine (12) and the drive units from this auszeugzeug with Y / supplied are. For this 6 pages drawings