DD202395A5 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CARTRIDGE OR NEUTRAL GAS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A process for obtaining an inert gas or a neutral gas by stoechiometric combustion, consisting in carrying out successively cracking of a combustion gas, combustion of the cracked mixture or combustion by mixing, several coolings by dilution and/or heat exchange and/or bubbling and/or spraying, separation draining, drying and heating or drying only, characterized by the fact that a first cooling is achieved by feeding neutral gas produced by the process ; that a second cooling is achieved by passing gas over an exchanger which is a closed soft water circuit ; that a third cooling is achieved by passing gas through the bed of water or water foam of at least one perforated plate ; that a fourth cooling is achieved by spraying water on the gas by means of industrial water or sea water ramps ; that draining of the neutral gas takes place by linear or centrifugal separation of the droplets.

Description

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Process for the preparation of an inert or neutral gas Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method for producing an inert gas or a neutral gas. And a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention. The gas produced according to the invention is used, for example, for degasification, neutralization or drying processes.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

At present, several methods are known which accomplish the production of inert or neutral gases by a series of processes: combustion, cooling, dripping. The gases are mostly produced by various combustion processes. In particular, the radiation of the steam boilers, power generators and other equipment is used, so that the vapors are unstable and their exact composition is unknown. This lack of accuracy over the chemical content of the treated vapors results in the production of gases that do not have the qualities required for their purposes.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to provide an improved process for the preparation of a inert or neutral gas, with which the disadvantages of the known methods can be avoided.

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Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a method at your disposal, which can be carried out with Eilfe a simple system that is practically, stationary or immovable or movable, with lutzfahrzeugen transportable and with stb'chiometric combustion by a neutral gas or A gas with an air excess of Hull can be made up to two percent by reducing the oxygen content in the neutral gas in a selected ratio of several ppm.

According to the invention there is provided a process for recovering and producing a carry gas or a neutral gas which utilizes two recyclings during the following operations:

- cracking a combustion gas;

- burning the cracked mixture;

- or burning by mixing;

first cooling by dilution by means of a part of the gas taken from the neutral gas formed during the extraction;

- Second cooling by passage of the gas formed through an exchanger with cooled and circulated fresh water;

- third cooling by a perforated, for example, with drilling iron soil, which allows a waterbed, or aurch passage of the gas through a heat exchanger with fresh water circulation;

- fourth cooling by sprinkling the gas by means of a water ramp or by passing the gas through an exchanger with a cooling unit;

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- Elimination of the liquid substances contained in the gas with a separator.

In order to meet certain requirements of the industry or specific criteria, the recovered gas, which still contains 100 % relative humidity, can

- dried by dehydration by absorption or cooling;

- overheated to reach the desired temperature.

These different processes require devices which form the plant for obtaining the gas according to the invention and which comprises:

- a ventilation device with one or two fans according to the type of burner chosen, linked to a filter and a silencer; a burner; a cracking chamber; a combustion chamber; a mixing and dilution chamber for the first cooling} an exchanger neutral gas fresh water for the second cooling; a first water separator; a cooling column containing a sieve tray for at least one water bed, for the third cooling; Demolition ramps for the fourth cooling and a linear separator or a centrifugal separator to remove the still undissolved in the neutral gas liquid substances, or instead for the third cooling a fresh water heat exchanger coupled with the for the second cooling, and then for the fourth cooling, Passing the gas through a cooling unit, which may also be another heat exchanger; Control devices adapted to the various methods of cooling the gas Common but to the particular cases that comprise the entry of the system through the whole system: all contactors, control valves, automatic and electrical contactors, flow regulators, flame and temperature monitors, Pressure gauges, analyzers;

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Pipes and pipes, one of which is equipped with a two-way valve, extractors, a starter valve or a return valve, if the combustion is incorrect; a complete safety pump, immersed in the fresh water vessel, for feeding the closed second cooling circuit; a hot water tank; a Y / arm gas storage; a fresh water steam boiler; necessary parts for the safety of the system with alarm switches of conventional types. This system is completed by drainage and heating equipment for special applications. Dewatering is by absorption or by cooling while heating takes place in a superheater. In all cases, the piping system, which directs the neutral gas to the consumer or into the store, is equipped with an extractor and a water slide, which serves to prevent the backflow of the gas into the system.

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Advantageously, the plant according to the invention is constructed so that the dilution chamber is connected to a branch piece provided at the outlet of the cooling column or at the top of the boiler on the pipeline, by means of a conduit provided with an exhaust valve and a two-way valve is provided.

The one or more heat exchangers are connected to a fresh water storage vessel, containing a coil for service or sea water, which in turn is fed by a submerged pump, with a submerged pump in the vessel feeds the exchangers and further air cooler in the return circuit of the fresh water Vessel are used.

The cooling column includes at least one sieve tray and a grate above which is a set of spray ramps, which in turn are connected to the tube coil submerged in the vessel by the conduits, and a linear separator or a centrifugal separator.

There is an opening to the outside in the pipeline. Furthermore, an analyzer above and an automatic protection below the pipeline is provided.

In the return circuit of fresh water coming from the exchangers, a heat storage is provided.

Furthermore, a fresh water storage is provided at the end of the circle of the gas generated below its exit from the boiler.

The .Abesorptionsentwässerungsapparat is regenerated according to the invention by a dryer, the before entry

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the gas is arranged in the cooling column and is guided by the lines or is arranged in the boiler between the heat exchangers.

Embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail below by way of example

 In the attached drawing show:

Pig. 1 shows schematically a plant according to the invention;

Fig. 2. schematically shows the previous plant completed with a dewatering apparatus and a superheater for the gas formed;

Pig. FIG. 3 schematically shows an embodiment variant in which the 3 × and 4 × cooling do not take place in a special column.

The one in Pig. 1 schematically shows a ventilation device, which is equipped with a. Primäre Luftventiiator 1, through which the combustion gas can be cracked in the chamber 4, with a horizontal Ba.ugruppe, which is comparable to a steam boiler, and equipped with a second air fan 2 which allow to burn the cracked mixture in the following so-called combustion chamber 5 or the hearth. The combustion gas may be, but is not limited to, propane, butane, ethylene, propylene.

In the exemplary embodiment described, propane was chosen for the feed of the burner 3, so that the temperatures which are still indicated consequently correspond to this type of fuel.

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The burner 3 can be sunk, so that it is possible, if one wishes, to obtain vapors of lower temperature. A filter 6 and a muffler 7 are attached to the blower device of the fans 1 and 2 in order to free the blower air as much as possible from all undesired particles.

Conventional combustion may also be provided by mixing with a single fan.

The combustion of the cracking mixture takes place in a chamber at a temperature of 1400 ⁰ C. The resulting gas during this combustion gas flows into the mixing and dilution chamber 8, which adjoins the chamber 5 and into which a .Rohrsystem 9 opens, by the the system generated neutral gas flows in. This gas supply line, which is controlled by a two-way valve 10, passes through a Exhaustor 38 which is installed in a sealed component, so that any entry of outside air is prevented. Their purpose is to make a first cooling of the gas produced in the chamber 5, the temperature in this way from 1,400 "is reduced by ⁰ C to 900 ⁰ C. The gas continues its flow away and""runs over a Austau-. Shear 11, .. causes a second cooling of the gas, which is brought to 400 ⁰ C after this passage through the exchanger 11, which is also in the horizontal chamber and fed by means of a dipped into the vessel 13 pump 12 with fresh water The water of the vessel 13 is advantageously cooled by a coiled tube 14 with seawater or service water, the temperature of which is about 15 ^° C. and which comes from a sunk pump 36.

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Two air coolers 15 also provide for the cooling of the water of the line leading to the exchanger 11. In order to exploit the heat given off by the fresh water circuit, a reservoir 16 has been provided in this zone which can be used to heat liquefied gas or simply to heat water of any sanitary facility.

Of course, an automatic water level controller 17 compensates for a lack of fresh water in the vessel 13 and controls an additional tap, which can be connected to a storage circuit 18 for the condensation water produced during combustion and follows the exchanger 11, at the end of the apparatus in the amount of a first separator 19 "which has the task to eliminate this condensation water.

The neutral gas passes at 400 ⁰ C in the cooling column 20, which includes various parts; the gas flows through at least one sieve bottom 21 which is covered with a bar grate, details which are not shown in the diagram. This arrangement favors the formation of "foam" from the marine or service water supplied from the spray ramps 23 via a conduit 22 which brings the water to the cooling coil 14 immersed in the vessel 13. This foam consists of water, water vapor, undissolved gas and condensers.

The gas flows through this water foam bed and thus undergoes a third cooling, which immediately follows the fourth, which is caused by a dripping by gravity of the above-mentioned spray ramps 23.

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These ramps 23 can be replaced in a known manner by countercurrent or large ring floors.

In this area, the temperature of the neutral gas is lowered to about 30 ⁰ C. It is then separated from the liquid substances contained in it by a linear separator a centrifugal separator or other separator. In the top of the cooling column 20, the neutral gas has a temperature of 30 ⁰ C, and it contains 100 % relative humidity. The pipe 25, which is connected to the cooling column 20, has a branch pipe 45 »takes place at a partial removal of the neutral gas to the two-way valve 10 and the Exhaustor 38, the mixing and dilution chamber · 8 through the line 9 - as previously explained to dine. The pipe 25 includes various elbows and has an opening 26 outwardly provided with two automatic contactors 28, one connected by a pressure gauge 30 and the other by an analyzer 27 connected to the gas circulating in the pipe 25 is, is controlled. This opening 26 can be used to start and regulate the system, prevent overpressures, or ensure the eventual withdrawal of a gas whose oxygen content does not meet the requirements, since this content is indicated by the analyzer 27 located above the opening 26 ,

Below this opening 26, the neutral gas contains 100 % relative humidity, and it is directed to the consumer or into the reservoir via an exhaustor 29 and a water check valve. In the bottom of the cooling column 20, an empty device 37 was provided for the supplied through the spray ramps 23 service or seawater.

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Since the neutral gas thus produced must be freed from the detected relative humidity of 100 % , the plant is supplemented with a dewatering apparatus 31 which operates either with absorption or with cooling.

When the dehydration is by absorption, the absorbent may be regenerated by the dryer 32 connected to the drainage system 31 through the pipes 33.

On the other hand, the neutral gas can be brought to a desired temperature by flowing through a superheater, which brings it, if necessary, up to 400 ⁰ C. For this purpose, the superheater 34 is also connected to the dryer 32 through the lines 33 · At the end of the outlet pipe for the consumer is a 7 / asser check valve.

In order to be able to burn foul-smelling or dangerous gases, the release of which into the air is prohibited, a branch piece 35 was provided in the combustion zone.

It can be seen that Fig. 1 is supplemented by the arrangement scheme of the minimum B.gelgeräte, such as automatic contactors 28, pressure gauge 30, temperature monitor 39 »flame detector 40, divisional contactors 41, regulating cocks 42, electrical contactors 43> and any suitable device 44 for controlling the flow rate.

In the plant variant, which is shown schematically in the Pig »3, it can be seen that the cracking, the combustion of the cracking mixture and the first and second cooling were maintained. However, the third cooling follows umcittel-

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bar after the second, with which it is coupled, since it is also a thermal cooling, which forces the gas to go through an exchanger 46, which constantly contains circulated fresh water. The fourth cooling forces the gas to pass through an exchanger with cooling unit 47. Within this circuit, the temperature of the gas is lowered to approximately 20 ^° C., practically at ambient temperature.

In this particular case, the gas from its exit from the steam boiler funnel is directed into the pipe 25, which in the form shown in FIG. 1 has a pipe branch 45, which is the beginning of a pipe 9 having a two-way valve 10 and an exhaust 38 , which is installed in an airtight component. This duct 9 leads into the steam boiler at the level of the thinning chamber 8 and thereby ensures the circulation of the gas produced, which has the aim, as explained above, of carrying out the first cooling. Below the branch 45 and from there follow the same parts and devices and the same operation as the previously described and shown in Figs. 1 and 2 »

The neutral gas or inert gas produced in this way is used for degassing, neutralization, drying:

(a) neutral gas of 20 ^° C with a relative humidity of 100 % shall be used for methane oil ships, for the storage of chemical products, for tankers, tank wagons and all means of transport for the transport of dangerous or foul smelling substances in the Gas phase be used «

b) from 20 ⁰ C has neutral gas having a relative humidity of 10% the same applications as the before

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going neutral gas, however, it is destined for perishable substances that can be spoiled by moisture, such as cereals, fruits.

c) Ueutral gas at 10 % relative humidity is used to over-dry the equipment referred to in (a), including carpentry.

When the generated gas flows through the cooling column 20, it is particularly purified by the dissolution of certain parts, for example coal gases, in the water, so that the gas, when it reaches the extraction port at the exhaust 29, is very similar to nitrogen and has a considerable degree of purity which enables it to meet special application criteria.

Another field of application of the method according to the invention can also be considered. For example, a boiler can be set up to heat water for domestic or industrial use, using the return of the vapors to heat their heat and significantly reduce their temperature through dilution »

It goes without saying that the device just described can be changed, in particular by exchanging equivalent technical means, without exceeding the scope of this invention.

Claims (10)

240578 6 16.11 * 1982 AP B 01 J / 240 578/6 60 695 11 Invention claim 1 ♦ A process for recovering a carry gas or a neutral gas by stoichiometric combustion consisting in successively cracking a combustion gas, combusting the cracking mixture or performing combustion by mixing, multiple cooling by dilution and / or heat exchange and / or bubbling and or sprinkling, dripping by separation, drying and reheating, or drying only, characterized in that a first cooling is effected by supplying neutral gas produced by the process, that a second cooling by passage of the Gases is carried out by an exchanger, which is a closed fresh water circuit, that a third cooling by passing the gas through a water or water foam bed with at least one sieve bottom takes place; that a fourth cooling is carried out by sprinkling the gas by means of service or sea water ramps; that a dropping of the neutral gas is carried out by linear separation or by a centrifugal separation of the droplets. 2. The method according to item 1, characterized in that the third cooling takes place by the gas flows through a heat exchanger, which constantly contains circulated fresh water; that the fourth cooling is carried out by the water flows through a heat exchanger with cooling unit or through another heat exchanger with fresh water · 3. The method according to one of the items 1 and 2, characterized in that. the temperature of the gas is changed by passing through a superheater. 240578 6 - 16.11.1982 AP B 01 J / 240 578/6 60 695 11 4 · Apparatus for the formation and recovery of an inert gas according to the method of items 1 to 3, comprising a ventilation device with two fans and a burner, a cracking chamber, a combustion chamber or a hearth, a dilution chamber, a heat exchanger, a cooling column, a gas line to the consumer, a ^ - drainage apparatus and a superheater comprises, identified. characterized in that the dilution chamber (8) is connected to an extractor (45) provided at the outlet of the cooling column (20) or at the top of the boiler at the pipeline (25) by means of a conduit (9) provided with an exhaustor (38) and a diverter valve (10) * 5 × apparatus for forming and recovering a neutral gas according to items 1 to 3 'the or a ventilation device with two fans and a burner, a cracking chamber, a combustion chamber or hearth, a dilution chamber, a heat exchanger, a second ( "and the third heat exchanger a conduit for the gas to the consumer, a dehydrating apparatus and a superheater, characterized in that the heat exchangers (11) and (46) are connected to a fresh water storage vessel (13) having a pipe coil (14) for domestic or Seawater, which in turn is fed by a submerged pump (36), that in the vessel (13) submerged pump (12), the exchangers (11) and (46) feeds and that air cooler (15) in the return circuit of the fresh water of the vessel (13) are used * 240578 6 - 16.11.1982 AP B 01 J / 240 578/6 60 695 11 6. Plant according to the items 1 to 5j, characterized in that the cooling column (20) includes at least one sieve bottom (21) and a bar grate over which there is a set of spray racks (23) which in turn are connected to the line through the pipe (22). in the vessel (13) immersed tube coil (14) "are connected, and a linear separator or a centrifugal separator (24). Installation according to points 1 to 5, characterized in that in the pipe (25) an opening (26) is provided to the outside, that an analyzer (27) above and
automatic contactor (28) is provided below the pipeline {25) 8. Plant according to points 1 to 5, characterized in that in the return circuit of the exchangers (11) and
(46) incoming fresh water a heat storage (16) is provided * 9 * Plant according to points 1 to 5, characterized in that a fresh water storage is provided at the end of the circle of the gas produced, below its exit from the steam boiler * 10. Plant according to the items 1 to 5, characterized in that the Absorptionsentwässerungsapparat (31) by a dryer (32) is regenerated, before entering
of the gas is arranged in the cooling column (20) and is guided by the lines (33) or in the steam boiler
disposed between the heat exchangers (46) and (47)
is. '