CS422682A2 - Method of inert or neutral gas production and equipment for this method realization - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A process for obtaining an inert gas or a neutral gas by stoechiometric combustion, consisting in carrying out successively cracking of a combustion gas, combustion of the cracked mixture or combustion by mixing, several coolings by dilution and/or heat exchange and/or bubbling and/or spraying, separation draining, drying and heating or drying only, characterized by the fact that a first cooling is achieved by feeding neutral gas produced by the process ; that a second cooling is achieved by passing gas over an exchanger which is a closed soft water circuit ; that a third cooling is achieved by passing gas through the bed of water or water foam of at least one perforated plate ; that a fourth cooling is achieved by spraying water on the gas by means of industrial water or sea water ramps ; that draining of the neutral gas takes place by linear or centrifugal separation of the droplets.

Description

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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process for obtaining an inert gas or a neutral gas intended for degassing or for calling the "inertia of a meboveshift" which is referred to merely as an example?

Numerous processes are known today, which allow the production of inert or neutral gases by a sequence of operations: combustion, cooling, or dewatering. Gases are most often produced by different combustion processes, and in particular waste from boiler groups is used for cell and other apparatus, so that the flue gas is unstable and their exact composition is unknown. This lack of accuracy in respect of the chemical content of the treated combustion gases results in the formation of gases which do not have the properties required for their determination.

In order to overcome these drawbacks, a method of using a simple, practical, inorganic and / or ready-to-use resin also allows a stoichiometric gas or gas to be formed. an excess of air - from - to - 2%, so that the percentage of oxygen in the neutral gas is reduced in a selected number of ppm. £ i. 3 - 3 -

The invention, as described and defined, proposes a process for producing and obtaining an inert gas or a neutral gas which uses two recirculations during the following operations: - cracking the combustion gas or combustion of the cracked mixture. - or by combustion by blending - first cooling by dilution with a portion of the gas collected during the production of the neutral gas during production - second cooling by conduction of the produced gas in contact with the exchanger; a third cooling by passing the gas through the perforated plate of, for example, a mesh, which allows it to be raised. water or gas conduction through a soft water scrubber} - Fourth cooling by shaking gas with the aid of a spout / spraying ramp on the water or conduit gas through a coolant exchanger - removal of the liquid contained in the gas via a separator .

In order to meet various industrial needs or criteria for use, a gas having a relative humidity of 100% can be recovered, dried by a buzzing-absorption or quenching process. - overheat to bring to the desired temperature.

These various operations require a device which constitutes an installation for obtaining the gas according to the invention and which comprises: a ventilating device with one or two fans according to the type of burner selected, equipped with a filter and an attenuator; burner; a cracking xue chamber; a combustion chamber; a mixing chamber and a dilute chamber for first cooling; neutral gas exchanger - soft water for second cooling; a primary water separator; a cooling column comprising a perforated plate allowing the formation of at least one water reservoir to provide a third cooling; a fourth cooling spray nozzle and a linear or centrifugal separator to remove the liquid in which the neutral gas is still suspended, or, instead, to heat the third heat exchanger with a coil with a heat exchanger for a second cooling and then for the fourth cooling the passage of gas through a cooling group, which may also be formed by another - 5 - heat exchanger; regulating devices, common distinct gas cooling methods, but at ** caused by the gases under consideration, and including all separating valves, regulating valves, automatic valves, electrical valves, power regulators, flame regulators, taplots, and taps from the inlet along the entire installation pressure, analyzers; conduits and conduits, one of which is provided with a circuit, extractors, booms or stopcocks in the case of improper combustion; a pump immersed in water tanks and providing all the reliability for supplying the closed circuit of the second cooling, hot water recuperator; hot gas calorifier; soft water generator; elements required for the safety of the whole with alarm systems of the traditional types »This installation is supplemented by a device for drying and reheating the neutral gas for special applications. Drying is carried out by absorption or cooling, while heating again occurs in the superheater. In all cases, a conduit that directs the neutral gas to the point of use or storage is equipped with an extractor and a water valve which is designed to prevent the return of gas to the installation. - 6 -

The invention will now be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawings. *. . y

FIG. 1 shows schematically an installation according to the invention.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an installation complete with a desiccant and a superheater for producing a neutral gas.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic of another embodiment in which cooling to three stages and four stages is not carried out in a separate column.

1 shows a ventilation device equipped with a primary air fan 1, which allows the combustion gas to be cracked in a chamber 4 of a water-like unit comparable to a boiler, and a secondary air fan 2, which allows the cracked mixture to be combusted in a subsequent chamber 5, called a vent. combustion chamber or fireplace. In particular, the fuel gas may be, but is not limited to, propane, butane, ethylene, or propylene. In the described embodiment, propane has been selected to power the burner 3, so that the temperatures that will be specified will consequently correspond to this type of fuel. The burner 3 may be immersed, allowing the gases to be at a lower temperature if necessary. The filter 6 and the silencer 7 are located at the inlet of the fan 1a 2 so that the pulsating air is freed from any unwanted particles.

However, it is also possible to choose proclasic combustion by mixing with the help of a single fan.

Combustion of the cracked mixture is carried out in chamber 5 at 1400 ° C. The gas generated by this incineration enters the mixing and scrubbing chamber 8 which follows the chamber 5 and places the scrubber 9 to supply the neutral gas produced by the installation itself. This gas feed through the outlet valve 10 passes through a fan - recirculating extractor 38 mounted in a sealed unit to prevent any outside air inlet. It is intended to effect the first cooling of the gas formed in the chamber 5, the temperature of which is thus reduced from 1400 ° C to 900 ° C. The gas continues its process and passes through the exchanger 11, which causes a second cooling of the gas, which is shown on the temperature of 400 [deg.] C. after its replacement by the exchanger 11, which is always located in the horizontal chamber, comprises soft water collected by the pump 12 immersed in the reservoir 13, feeding such a closed circuit whose recirculation is constant * The water of the reservoir 13 is preferably cooled seawater snake 14 or sea water, the temperature of which is about 15 ° C, and which comes from a submerged pump 36. The two air coolers 15 act equally to cool the water in the conduit to the exchanger 11. recirculation 16, which can be used to reheat liquefied gas or p rcBt water of any medical device.

The level controller 17 compensates for the lack of soft water in the reservoir 13 and controls the equalizing tap that may be associated with the condensation recuperation circuit 18 formed by the combustion, which circuit 18 is located downstream of the exchanger 11 at the apparatus end at the level of the primary separator 19 having remove these condensation water. - 9 -

Neutral gas comes at a temperature of 400 ° C into a cooling column 20 which contains various gas devices passing through at least one perforated plate 21 to which a grate is provided but paxsutx & details of this are not shown. This arrangement promotes the formation of a "sponge" from industrial seawater supplied by spraying ramps 23 with the aid of a line 22 supplying water to the snake 14 immersed in the tank 13. This sponge is formed by water, steam, suspended gas and condensates.

The gas passes through this bed of water and thus undergoes a third cooling, followed immediately by the fourth cooling induced by the spraying due to the above-mentioned ramps 23.

These ramps may be replaced by countercurrent or high surface annular plates as is known in the art. * it In this band, the neutral gas temperature dropped to about 30 ° C. The gas is then separated from the liquid substances which it contains by a linear, centrifugal or other separator24. At the top of the cooling column 20, the neutral -10-gas has a temperature of 30 ° C and contains 100 2? relative humidity. The conduit 25, which is arranged above the cooling column 20, has a conduit 45 through which the neutral gas is partially removed to feed the mixing and dispensing chamber 8 with the conduit 9 as recited above. indicated. The conduit 25 has bend elbows and is provided with openings 26 open outwardly and provided with two self-acting valves 28, one of which is controlled by the pressure regulator 30 and the other by analyzer 27 relative to the gas circulating in line 25. regulating installation, preventing overpressure, or also providing for possible venting of the oxygen-deficient gas, as determined by analyzer 27, can be placed in front of aperture 26.

Behind this opening 26 contains a neutral gas of 100% relative humidity and is directed to the point of use or storage through the extractor 29 and through the water backfill. Bottom Parts of Cooling Column 20 is an overflow of 37 for χ industrial or marine water distributed through spray ramps 23 · - 11

When the neutral gas produced in this way is to be freed of the stated 100 $ relative humidity, the installation is completed with a drying apparatus 31, FIG. 2 that works either by absorption or cooling. In the case of absorption, the absorbent can be regenerated by the dryer 32 in conjunction with the drying system 31 via line 33. From the other side, the neutral gas can be brought to the desired temperature of its conduit in the reheater 34, for example up to a temperature of 400 ° C. . To this end, the deflector 34 is also connected to the dryer 32 via conduits 33.

In order to be able to incinerate smelly or hazardous gases whose introduction into the atmosphere is prohibited, a sampling device is installed at the combustion level.

It will be appreciated that Fig. 1 is supplemented by a diagram of established minimum control devices such as: automatic valves 23, pressure regulators 30, temperature regulators 39, flame control 40, isolation valves 41, control valves 32, electric valves 43, wherein the control 12 - the power is provided by a suitable device 44 'In the embodiment of the device schematically shown in FIG. 3, the operation of the cracking, the combustion of the cracked mixture, the first and the second cooling are retained, however, the third cooling follows immediately after which it is coupled as it is also a heat-cooling gas; in order to pass through the exchanger 43 containing recirculated recirculated water and the fourth cooling force the gas to pass through the exchanger with cooling group 47 * The temperature of the jacket circuit is reduced to approximately 20 ° C, practically to the ambient temperature. in the case of the gas, the gas is oriented after its exit from the boiler cone to the conduit 23 which, as shown in FIG. 1, has an extraction device 45 where the conduit 9 is provided with a circumferential valve 10 and a suction fan, respectively, an exhauster 38 housed in the air system. the pipe 9 extends therefrom to the boiler at the level of the purging chamber 8 providing recirculation of the gas produced to effect the first melting, the above mentioned.

Exactly the same devices and functions as described and illustrated in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 can be detected from and behind the abutment device 45.

Neutral or inert gas, used to vent, induce inertia and dry; a) - Neutral gas at 20 ° C and 100 ° R is used for vessels powered by methane and diesel for the storage of chemical products, on tank trucks, on tank Bgon, and for all materials used to transport dangerous or malodorous substances in the gaseous phase. b) - neutral gas at a temperature of 20 ° C and 10% relative humidity has the same pre-gas use but for perishable materials that can be damaged by moisture such as cereals and rings. c) - a neutral gas with a temperature of 10 ° C and a low relative humidity is used for drying or drying the materials mentioned in paragraph a) and also in joinery. In particular, if the gas produced by the column 20 is purified by the dissolution of certain substances, for example carbon dioxide, so that when it reaches the mouth 29, the gas is very nitrogen-related and has considerable degree of cleanliness, so that it can meet specific criteria for its use.

The method of the invention is also suitable for other fields of application, for example, boilers. heating the water to domestic or commercial use, wherein the gaseous gases are recirculated to recover the calories by heat exchange and to reduce their temperature considerably by dilution.

It will be appreciated that similar variations may also be made to the furnace using equivalent technical means without departing from the scope of the invention. · »'

Claims (5)

- 15 - 7VV26- & L A process for obtaining an inert gas or a neutral gas by stoichiometric combustion, in that the cracking of the combustible gas, the combustion of the cracked mixture, or the mixing by mixing, several cooling by dilution or / and heat exchange and / or bubbling, and / or spraying, dewatering by separating, drying and reheating or just drying, characterized in that the first cooling is effected by supplying a neutral gas produced by said process; the second cooling is carried out by conducting a gas exchange exchanger which is a closed circuit of soft water; third cooling down The process is carried out by spraying the gas with the aid of spraying ramps on industrial or marine water, the neutral gas dewatering being carried out by linear or centrifugal separation of the droplets. 2. The process of claim 1, with the third cooling being continuously recirculated by the conduction of gas on the heat exchanger containing the soft water, and that the fourth cooling is carried out by conduction of the gas on the heat exchanger with the cooling group or on another heat exchanger with soft water. 3. A process according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the temperature of the gas is modified by passage through the superheater. 4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising two-valve ventilating devices, a burner, a cracking chamber, a combustion chamber, a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a cooling column, a gas line to the point of use, a dryer and a superheater, characterized in that the dilution chamber (8) is connected to an outlet (45) provided at the outlet of the cooling column (20) or provided at the end of the boiler pipe (25) to assist the line (9) containing the ex-tract (38) ) and bypass valve (10). 5. A method for carrying out the process of (1) to (3), comprising a ventilating device provided with two means. ventilators, saxakk burner, cracking chamber, combustion chamber, fire chamber, bursting - 17 - chamber, first heat exchanger, second and third tank exchanger, gas supply to its place of use, dryer and superheater, » that the heat exchangers (11, 46) are in conjunction with the tank (3) (soft water containing the snake (14) and the myal or sea water, submerged pump supply (36) that the submerged pump (12) in - holding (13) feeds the exchangers (11 and 46) and that the air chillers (15) are placed on the return water circuit towards the tank (13). that the cooling column (20) is at least one perforated plate (21) and a grid above which the spray ramps are connected and the snake (14) immersed in the reservoir (13) through the line (22) as well as the linear or centrifugal separator (24) according to items 1-5, characterized in that an air purifier (26) is inserted into the conduit (25), an analyzer (27) is placed before, and a self-venting (23) is placed behind the conduit (25). 18 - 8. Inhalation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a calorie re-coupler (16) is located on the soft water return circuit exiting the exchangers (11, 46). 9 * Installed according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the soft water recuperator (19) is located at the end of the perimeter of the gas produced by the outlet of the boiler. 10. Infiltration according to clauses 1 to 5, characterized in that the absorption dryer (31) is re-generated by a dryer (32) mounted on before entering the gas into the cooling column (20) and the lines (33), or it is inserted into the boiler between the heat exchangers (46 and 47). 52 975 / Ku