CS206334B1 - Heat isolating external rendering - Google Patents

Description

(54) Thermal insulating outer plaster

The invention relates to a heat insulating exterior plaster having a low thermal conductivity coefficient and a small hydraulic permeability coefficient.

The hitherto known thermal insulation plasters contain expanded organic fillers such as polystyrene, polyurethane and apoid. or inorganic origin such as perlite, vermiculite, pumice, and the like. The binders used are predominantly of inorganic origin such as cement, lime, gypsum, or a combination thereof. The disadvantages of organic fillers are the flammability of the filler itself, the low cohesion of the binder with the filler and the aging of the organic matter. The disadvantage of both mentioned types of plasters lies in the absorption capacity, which significantly affects the heat permeability of the structure. The function of plaster is conditioned by diffusion in the range of 0 to 10 m, which is determined on the basis of specific diffusion conductivity, diffusion resistance factor, thickness and density. To maintain diffusion and reduce water absorption, discontinuity of the capillaries and pores is necessary, thereby eliminating water uptake by capillary action and reducing hydraulic permeability. This will reduce the increase in plaster moisture due to hydrostatic pressure. The theoretical value of the hydraulic permeability coefficient K _w = 7.10 ¹⁴ cms ¹ corresponds to zero material absorption at a diffusion resistance below 0.5 m. To achieve both requirements, ie diffusion and water resistance respectively. Zero absorbency additives are necessary to ensure integral watertightness. This achieves a reduction in hydraulic permeability and a hydrophobic effect.

The above drawbacks are removed thermally insulating plaster according to the invention, consisting in the adjustment of the coefficient of hydraulic permeability value of 10 ~ ⁷ to 10 ^"15 cms ^-1, decrease absorption hydroťobními přísadama and use lightweight inorganic fillers. Reduction in the hydraulic permeability is achieved by organic acids with a carbon number C | / to θ20, the salts and esters thereof having a specific surface area greater than 10 ⁴ cm ² g ^_1 e.g. lauric, stearic, palmitic, cerylnatou, nenich combinations like. Hydrophobicizing additive consists lignosulfonates or derivatives of lignosulfonates, demethoxylated and decarbonated lignosulfonates, low molecular weight acrylic acid, acrylic oligomers, acrylamides and derivatives thereof such as N, N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide. The hydrophobizing additives can be used in solid or liquid state, preferably in the form of aqueous dispersions. Organic acids, their salts or esters eliminate the capillary action of water while reducing hydraulic permeability. The hydraulic permeability is further influenced by the aeration additives based on the ligands of nosulfonic acids and their salts, or low molecular weight polyamides, polyacrylamides and the like. Renders containing said additives have a constant minimum water absorption, independent of relative air humidity, dew point temperature, weight and bulk moisture, or equilibrium sorption moisture. Diffusion of these plasters reaches 0 to 0.5 m and does not depend on external moisture. Therefore, the heat absorption and thermal absorption of the plaster remains constant.

Examples:

1. 30.0 parts of white cement PC 325, 63.0 parts of limestone grit with a grain size of 0.1 to 4.0 mm, 2.0 parts of an expert of a grain size of 0.5 to 1.5 mm and a density of 150 kgm ³ 2 0 parts of microfibrous asbestos, 0.97 parts of pigment, 2.0 parts of water dispersion of butyl stearate in dry matter 50% m / m. and 0.03 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, all by mass, are perfectly homogenized. Ke 100 wt. 12 parts by weight of the homogenized mixture are added. parts of water containing 5 wt. % by weight of a water dispersion of polyvinyl acetate having a dry weight of 50 wt. After mixing and creating a pasty consistency, the plaster is applied to the substrates by spraying. The plaster in a thickness of 2 to 5 mm dries in 4 to 5 wt., And after drying it has a density of 1050 kgm ^-3 , an absorption capacity of 0.1 lm ² .0,5 ha and a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.44 W m ¹ K ^-1 . Same plaster containing expanded perlite limestone grit instead of an equal weight of butyl stearate and without a water absorption of 0.8 lm ² h Dilute 0.5 coefficient of thermal conductivity of 0.87 Wm ^-1 K ^_1.

2. 36.0 parts of white PC 400 cement, 4.9 parts of calcium hydrate, 35.0 parts of limestone grit with a grain size of 0.0 to 2.5 mm, 19 parts of perlite with a density of 100 kgm ³ , 1.5 parts calcium stearate with a specific surface area of 1.5. 10 ⁵ cm ² g ^_1, 3.5 parts of micronized asbestos and 0.04 parts demetoxylovaného partially dekaronátovaného calcium lignosulfonate in all parts of the mass homogenated - To 100 wt. 30 parts of water are added to the parts of the mixture; and

Claims (2)

P & EDMET 1. Heat-insulating external render consisting of inorganic binders, fillers or auxiliaries such as solidification and setting agents, binders, aerators, plasticizers, water retention and processing additives, pigments, fibrous fillers and aqueous dispersions of macromolecular substances, characterized by: it contains an organic acid having carbon number CI4 -C20, their salts or esters thereof having a specific surface area greater than 10 ⁴ cm ² g ^_1, regulating factor hydraulic permeability to a value of 10 ^"7 to 10" ¹⁵ cms ^-1 in množsměs after thorough mixing, applied to substrates by spraying. The hardening has a weight of 450 kgm “ ³ ”, a water absorption of 0,02 lm “2”. For 0.5 h, 0.1 mA diffusion coefficient of thermal conductivity of 0.09 Wm ¹ K ^"i. Plaster without calcium stearate - and with the same proportion of limestone crumb as perlite has a density of 950 kgm ³ , diffusion 1.8 m, water absorption 2.9 lm ² . 0,5 ha thermal conductivity coefficient 0,86 Wm ~ ¹ K “ ¹ . 3. 46.0 parts of white PC 400 cement, 33 parts of siliceous crumb 0.1 to 3.5 mm, 15.0 parts of perlite with a density of 150 kgm ³ , 2.5 parts of asbestos fiber, 2.5 parts zinc stearate, a specific surface ^{of 5} 2,0.10 g crc ^ ^'1, 1.0 parts of low molecular lekulárního polyacrylamide, all in parts by mass was homogenated. To 100 parts by weight of this mixture was added 25 wt. parts of water containing 8 wt. % by weight of a water dispersion of a styrene-2-ethylhexalacrylate-acrylic acid terpolymer with a dry weight of 50 wt. The resulting render is applied to the surface of concrete panels by pouring in a horizontal position. After setting and drying of the coat has a density of 350 kgm ^"3, 0.2 m diffusion, water absorption 0.0 lm" ² Dilute 0.5 ha thermal conductivity of 0.08 Wm ^'1 K' ^1. The plaster with quartz sand instead of perlite and without zinc stearate has a density of 1630 kgm ³ , diffusion 2.8 m, water absorption 3.6 lm ² . 0,5 ha thermal coefficient 1,01 Wm ¹ K “ ¹ . Thermal insulation plaster can be used on surfaces made of concrete, cellular concrete, gas silicates, ceramic materials, plastic surfaces both on vertical surfaces and on horizontal surfaces such as soffits, ceiling structures, etc. The plaster is non-flammable, hygienically harmless, aging, and not subject to changes due to aggressive substances and the atmosphere. The plaster can be used for permanent wet operation, microbial aipod operation. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 0.3 to 12.5% by weight, hydrophobic additives in an amount of 0.01 to 18% by weight, based on the binder and lightweight inorganic fillers in an amount of 2 to 60% by weight. based on the weight of the render. 2. The heat-insulating plaster of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic additives are lignosulfonates or derivatives of lignosulfonates, low molecular weight acrylic acid and salts thereof, or esters such as N, N ' -methylene-bis-acrylamide in solid or aqueous form. % solids dispersion of 20 to 65 wt.