JP2002178444A - Decorative veneer-clad humidity controlling fireproof building material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decorative veneer-clad humidity controlling fireproof building material which has moisture absorption/desorption properties equivalent or superior to that of a decorative natural wood plate and can be used as a building material such as a ceiling material interior finish material which has fireproofing properties and in which natural wood decoration is applied to the surface. SOLUTION: In the building material, on one surface of a base material having moisture absorption/desorption properties which contains an inorganic substance selected from calcium silicate, gypsum, slag cement, diatomaceous earth, etc., as a main raw material and is molded by mixing a raw material comprising a moisture absorption/desorption material selected from diatomaceous earth, silica gel, calcium silicate, sepiolite, zeolite, shirasu, kaolinite type clay, aluminum oxide, charcoal, active carbon, etc., reinforcing fibers, etc., the decorative veneer is stuck through an adhesive.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a natural wood veneer having a moisture absorption / desorption property equal to or higher than that of a natural wood veneer and fire resistance.
The present invention relates to a decorative veneer-attached moisture-controlling fire-resistant building material which has fire protection properties and can be used as a building material such as a ceiling material or an interior material, the surface of which is decorated with natural wood.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the construction of houses and the like, an architectural style in which an earth wall structure and wood or a wood-based building material obtained by processing the same are applied has been adopted for a long time. A house having such a structure has an excellent humidity control ability capable of preventing the occurrence of dew condensation and extreme drying in a living space due to the excellent moisture absorbing and releasing ability of earth walls and wood-based materials.

However, in recent years, it has become difficult to obtain good-quality wood-based materials due to the depletion of wood-based resources, and prices have continued to rise. On the other hand, wood-based building materials are flammable materials and have the drawback that they are easily attacked by pests such as termites and are liable to cause corrosion.

On the other hand, with respect to the earth wall structure, the number of skilled and highly skilled workers has become extremely small, and the earth wall has hardly been adopted due to a rise in labor costs.

[0005]

In recent years, houses and the like have been pursued with a structure that is highly airtight and highly heat-insulating.
Moisture generated indoors cannot diffuse to the outside and dew condensation occurs throughout the room, causing wetting and stains, and causing problems such as mites and molds. Conventionally, as means for comfortably utilize living space, but the air conditioning equipment to control the temperature and humidity have been utilized, not only runs counter to the decrease in CO ₂ generated by consuming a great deal of electrical energy, residents When the air conditioner is not operated due to the absence or the like, the above problem occurs. In order to solve such a problem, it has been strongly desired to provide a building material such as a board having excellent moisture absorption / release properties.

An object of the present invention is to provide a moisture-controllable fire-resistant building material having a moisture absorption / desorption property equal to or higher than that of a natural wood decorative board, being excellent in fire resistance and fire resistance, light in weight, and excellent in design. With the goal.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided calcium silicate, gypsum,
Moisture absorbing and releasing material selected from slag cement, diatomaceous earth, etc. as the main raw material, and selected from diatomaceous earth, silica gel, calcium silicate, sepiolite, zeolite, shirasu, kaolinite viscosity, aluminum oxide, charcoal, activated carbon, etc. A decorative veneer laminated moisture-resistant fire-resistant building material in which a decorative veneer is adhered via an adhesive to one surface of a base material having moisture absorption / release performance formed by mixing a raw material composed of fibers and the like. The invention according to 2 is a method for preparing gypsum dihydrate: 2% to 30% by weight.
%, Hydraulic substance: 15% to 60%, particle size 2 μm to 10
Diatomaceous earth within the range of 0 μm: 5% to 30%, perlite: 10% to 15%, organic reinforcing fiber: 3% to 5%, and inorganic fiber: 1% to 8% Is a decorative veneer-attached veneer-sealing material having a veneer sealer layer formed on one surface thereof and a veneer veneer adhered to the surface thereof with an adhesive.

[0008] Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it is a lightweight veneer veneer having excellent moisture absorption / desorption properties equal to or higher than that of a natural wood veneer, and also excellent in fire protection, fire resistance and design. It is possible to provide an adhesive humidity-controlling fire-resistant building material.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on preferred embodiments. The present invention is to form a decorative layer by adhering a natural wood veneer called precious wood to the surface of an inorganic base material having moisture absorption / release properties. In forming the decorative veneer layer, it is preferable to apply a sealer to the surface of the substrate in order to improve the adhesion between the substrate and the natural veneer. The conventional sealer has a problem of impairing air permeability because it functions to seal the surface of the base material. The inventors have studied to overcome the problem due to the conflicting characteristics, including the natural wood veneer attached to the outermost surface, and as a result, solved the problem with the combination of the sealer and the veneer described below. is there.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The base material of the humidity-controlling building material of the present invention is slag, gypsum, cement, diatomaceous earth-based non-flammable materials, and diatomaceous earth, silica gel, calcium silicate, sepiolite, zeolite, shirasu, kaolinite. Porous clay, aluminum oxide, charcoal, activated carbon, etc. and diatomaceous earth having a limited particle size range are added. Further, the base material of the humidity control building material of the present invention is produced by a molding method, a firing method, and a papermaking method. As a molding method, a method of filling a mold with raw materials and performing normal pressure or pressure compression molding or a method of firing and solidifying a molded product, or as a papermaking method, using a well-known round net type manufacturing method machine A papermaking method can be used.

Hereinafter, the component system in the humidity control building material of the present invention will be described. Cement, slag cement, and gypsum have the advantages of fire resistance and fire resistance, a small amount of expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, and easy hardening and molding, and have been used as fire protection materials and fire resistance materials since ancient times. However, inorganic substances such as cement, slag cement, and gypsum have drawbacks in that their primary physical properties, in particular, are low in bending strength and poor in screw-nail holding power. Therefore, conventionally, this point has been complemented by the addition of organic reinforcing fibers and hydraulic substances.

In this embodiment, an inorganic base material made of gypsum as a main raw material will be described in detail. Gypsum is by weight (the same applies hereinafter),
2% to 30% is added. Gypsum also has the effect of accelerating the hardening of hydraulic substances such as slag and cement by hydration, but the addition effect is less likely to be exhibited with an addition amount of less than 2%. On the other hand, if it is added in excess of 30%, the strength imparting ability of a hydraulic substance such as slag and cement and the properties such as waterproofness, curability and moldability are reduced. In addition, the primary physical properties decrease bending strength and screw nail holding power.

Hydraulic substances such as slag and cement are:
By adding this, the matrix is firmly adhered to increase the strength of the humidity control building material, and properties such as curing and molding can be imparted simply and inexpensively, thereby facilitating the production of the humidity control building material (board base material). Also, the hydraulic substance is
Fireproof, fireproof and waterproof. In the present invention, it is added within the range of 15% to 60%. If the addition amount is less than 15%, it is difficult to exhibit strength imparting ability, waterproofness, curing properties, and molding properties. On the other hand, if more than 60% is added,
It causes cracks due to weight increase, drying and shrinkage of the humidity control building material.

Diatomaceous earth is added in order to impart moisture absorbing and releasing properties to the moisture control building material. In the present invention, it is added within a range of 5% to 30%. If the amount is less than 5%, the desired moisture absorption / release properties cannot be imparted to the humidity control building material. On the other hand, 30%
If the amount exceeds the above range, the hardness and flexural strength of the moisture-controllable building material will decrease, even if it is divided into primary physical properties.

In the present invention, the particle size of the diatomaceous earth is 2 μm.
It is limited to the range of １００100 μm. If the particle size is less than 2 μm, the ability to absorb and release moisture cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, when the particle size exceeds 100 μm, when the slurry is wound by a paper machine, diatomaceous earth particles are separated and a uniform mat cannot be formed. Usually, the particle size is ≦ 70 μm. The particle size range of the diatomaceous earth is preferably between 10 μm and 35 μm.

In the present invention, in addition to diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, or the like having a limited particle size range can be used as a substance that imparts a moisture absorbing / releasing ability to the humidity control building material.

Perlite is added to increase the fire resistance and to reduce the weight of the humidity control building material as a lightweight aggregate. In the present invention, it is added in the range of 10% to 15%. 10%
If the addition amount is less than the above, there is only a small portion contributing to the improvement of the fire resistance and the weight reduction of the humidity control building material. On the other hand, if the addition exceeds 15%, the balance between the moisture absorption / release properties and the primary physical properties of the humidity control building material is impaired.

For example, pulp is added as an organic reinforcing fiber for improving the strength of the humidity control building material. In the present invention, it is added within a range of 3% to 5%. If the amount is less than 3%, the effect of improving the strength and workability of the humidity control building material cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 5%, the pulp loses its properties as a non-combustible material from the place where the pulp is an organic material. As the organic reinforcing fiber, vinylon or the like can be used in addition to pulp.

As with the organic reinforcing fibers, inorganic fibers such as rock wool are added to improve the strength of the humidity control building material and to improve the processability. In the present invention, it is added within the range of 1% to 8%. If the addition amount is less than 1%, the portion contributing to the strength improvement is small. If the addition amount exceeds 8%, the kneading operation is hindered. Further, fiber aggregates called lumps coexist, and the uniformity of the material of the humidity control building material is uniform. Impair.

In the present invention, calcium carbonate, mica and slaked lime are used as extenders in addition to 0% to 15%.
%, 1% to 8%, and 1% to 1.5%.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a breathable sealer is applied to one surface of the base material, that is, the surface on which the decorative veneer is to be adhered. As another embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to apply a sealer (back sealer) excellent in moisture proof / waterproof, water repellency and water resistance on the other surface of the base material, that is, the surface on which the decorative veneer is not stuck. Although the humidity control building material of the present invention is used to absorb and release moisture in a living space, when the back sealer is not applied, the moisture from the living space is not adhered to the decorative veneer of the humidity control building material ( There is a risk of dew condensation due to changes in the outdoor temperature, and the change in outdoor temperature may affect the living space through the base material. A back sealer is applied to the surface.

In this embodiment, a silica-modified acrylic copolymer resin is used as the air-permeable sealer. This breathable sealer is a milky white emulsion and has the following physical properties. Non-volatile content: 39.0 ± 1% Viscosity (25 ° C.) ≦ 50 mPa · s (BM type, rotor No. 1, 60 rpm) Ionicity: anion pH: 7.0 ± 1.0 Average particle diameter: 0.06 μm Membrane temperature (MFT): 30 ° C. This sealer has good adhesion to inorganic materials and metals, excellent permeability and water vapor permeability, and good blocking resistance. In the present invention, other than this, various emulsions can be used as long as they form a film having a gas-permeable structure.

The above air-permeable sealer is applied to one surface of a substrate.
When the silica-modified acrylic copolymer resin is used,
Emulsion: water = 1: 1-1: 2
Cloth: 20 g / m^Two~ 77g / m^Two(Solid content)
Cloth. 20g / m^TwoWhen applied less than
It cannot be used as a base material for sticking veneer. On the other hand, 77 g / m ^Two
If it is applied in excess of, the air permeability of the substrate will be impaired. Sheila
-After coating, dry with a hot air blower at 120 ° C for 3 minutes.
Dry.

Next, in the present invention, a natural wooden veneer is adhered to the surface to which the air-permeable sealer has been applied via an adhesive. As natural wood veneer, so-called precious wood, thickness: 0.1 mm to 1.2 mm, weight: 10 g / m ^{2 to} 5
Natural wood veneers such as zelkova, cedar, camphor, pine, rubber, and white oak of 00 g / m ² can be used.

When attaching a natural wood veneer to a substrate,
Aqueous vinyl urethane, melamine / vinyl acetate copolymer resin or the like can be used as an adhesive, and nylon nonwoven fabric or the like can be used as an adhesive medium.

In this example, a back sealer excellent in moisture proof / waterproofness, water repellency and water resistance was applied to the other surface of the base material, that is, the surface on the outdoor side. An acrylic / styrene copolymer resin is used as a main material for the back sealer. This base material is a milky white emulsion having a composition of, by weight, an acrylic / styrene copolymer resin: 36%, water: 54%, and a film forming aid: 10%. Its physical properties are as follows. Non-volatile content: 36.0 ± 1% Viscosity (25 ° C.) ≦ 100 mPa · s (BM type, rotor No. 4, 12 rpm) Ionicity: anion pH: 8.5 ± 2.0

For the purpose of improving the water repellency, water resistance and blocking resistance and enhancing the function as a film-forming aid, the main component contains paraffin wax: 50% and water: 50% by weight.
Is used as an additive. The physical properties of this additive are as follows. Solid content: 50 ± 2% pH: 9 ± 1 Viscosity ≦ 100 mcP Ionicity: anion

When applying the back sealer to the other surface of the base material, the acrylic / styrene copolymer resin emulsion: 100 parts by weight and the additive: 5 parts by weight are mixed, and the coating amount: 72 g / m ^2. It is applied under the condition of 102 g / m ² . If the coating amount is less than 72 g / m ² , the moisture-proof / waterproof function cannot be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, the effect is saturated at 102 g / m ² , and a coating amount exceeding this amount only causes an increase in cost. After the application of the back sealer, it is dried with a hot air drier at 100 ° C. for 3 minutes.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. Example 1 A calcined hemihydrate gypsum slurr was mixed with 1.0% by weight of B-type silica gel, a reinforcing agent and a strength reinforcing material, and molded into a plate to obtain a gypsum-based substrate having humidity control performance. Then, on the substrate surface, as a natural veneer, thickness: 0.25 mm, weight:
90 g / m ² zelkova was adhered via a vinyl urethane resin-based adhesive (solid content: 35 g / m ² ). On the veneer surface,
Urethane clear was coated on the surface with an application amount of 20 g / m ² to obtain a decorative veneer-attached moisture-controllable fireproof building material.

The obtained fireproof building material laminated with decorative veneer has a moisture absorption / desorption property higher than that of a decorative veneer board made of natural wood, and is a building material in which wallpaper is stuck to a gypsum board which is a commercially available fireproof building material. Had excellent moisture absorption / release properties.

Example 2 Gypsum: 30%, blast furnace slag: 30%, diatomaceous earth: 20% (average particle size: 30 μm), pulp: 5%, rock wool: 3%, pearlite (light weight aggregate) by weight : 75% of water of the raw material mixture was added to the raw material mixture having a composition of 12% and kneaded, and the resulting slurry was paper-formed at a paper-forming speed of 40 m / min using a round mesh paper-making machine, and then 70 ° C. The temperature was raised stepwise to the vicinity, and steam (90% R
H) Cured. Thereafter, natural curing was performed for 100 hours. Then, after drying in a dryer at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes, a cutting process is performed to obtain a thickness: 6 mm and a width:
A humidity control building material base material having a length of 910 mm and a length of 1820 mm was obtained.

A urethane resin emulsion: water = 1: 2 (weight ratio) on one side of the substrate as a breathable sealer
Was applied. The coating amount was 20 g / m ² (solid content). Thereafter, hot air drying was performed at 120 ° C. for 3 minutes.

Next, on the air-permeable sealer coated surface,
Natural wood veneer, thickness: 0.2mm, weight: 100g
/ M ² of white oak was adhered via a vinyl urethane resin-based adhesive (solid content: 40 g / m ² ). The surface of the veneer was coated with clear lacquer at a coating amount of 20 g / m ² .

On the other hand, an acrylic / styrene copolymer resin emulsion: 10
0 parts by weight and paraffin wax as an additive: 50
%, Water: 50%, milky white emulsion: 5 parts by weight of a mixture of 87 g / m ^{2 was} applied. Then, 100 ℃ ×
Hot air drying was performed for 3 minutes.

The humidity control properties of the obtained humidity control building material were tested. The result is shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG.
The decorative veneer-attached moisture-proof fireproof building material of the present invention has a moisture absorption / desorption property higher than that of a natural wood decorative board, and is superior to a commercially available building material obtained by sticking wallpaper to a gypsum board which is a fireproof building material. Has moisture absorption / release properties.

[0036]

According to the present invention, ceiling materials, interior materials, etc., which have the same or better moisture absorption and release properties as natural wood decorative boards, and have fire resistance and fire resistance, and have natural wood decorative surfaces applied to the surface. It is possible to provide a decorative veneer-attached moisture-controlling fireproof building material that can be used as a living room.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of a humidity control test of a humidity control building material of the present invention.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] April 25, 2001 (2001.4.2
5)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0031

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Example 2 Gypsum: 30%, blast furnace slag: 30%, diatomaceous earth: 20% (average particle size: 30 μm), pulp: 5%, rock wool: 3%, pearlite (light weight aggregate) by weight : Water was added to the raw material mixture having a composition of 12% and kneaded, and the resulting slurry was paper-formed at a paper-forming speed of 40 m / min using a round-mesh paper-making machine, and then gradually raised to around 70 ° C. Warm, 70 ° C
At 90 ° C. for 20 hours. Thereafter, natural curing was performed for 100 hours. Then, after drying in a dryer at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes, cutting is performed to obtain a thickness: 6 mm, a width: 910 mm, and a length: 1
An 820 mm humidity control building material substrate was obtained.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04B 1/94 E04B 1/94 R E04C 2/26 E04C 2/26 Z E04F 13/08 E04F 13/08 A // (C04B 28/14 (C04B 28/14 14:18 14:18 14:08 14:08 18:10 18:10 B 16:02) 16:02) Z (72) Inventor Yoshio Tani Gifu, Gifu No. 1-1, Ichideki-cho Gifu Processing Veneer Works F-term (reference) 2E001 DB03 DB04 DE01 FA10 FA14 GA12 GA42 HA01 HA03 JA04 JA14 JC09 2E110 AA02 AA16 AB03 AB23 BA02 BA12 BB04 GA33W GA33X GA42X GB12X GB16X GB17X GB18X GB17X GB46Z GB54Z GB62W GB62X 2E162 CC02 FA01 FA02 FA04 FA05 FA09 FA11 FA20 FC05 4F100 AA03A AA19A AA20A AA37A AC02A AC03A AC04A AE03A AE06A AE09A AK51 AP01B AT00A BA02 CA23A CB02J14J14J07J14J01J14J01J14D 4G012 PA04 PA05 PA06 PA07 PA18 PA24

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An inorganic material selected from calcium silicate, gypsum, slag cement, diatomaceous earth, etc. as a main raw material, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, calcium silicate, sepiolite, zeolite, shirasu, kaolinite clay, aluminum oxide, charcoal, activated carbon, etc. A decorative veneer obtained by adhering a veneer veneer via an adhesive to one surface of a base material having moisture absorbing / releasing performance formed by mixing a moisture absorbing / releasing material selected from the above and a raw material comprising reinforcing fibers and the like. Humidity-resistant fire-resistant building material attached to a board. 2. By weight, gypsum dihydrate: 2% to 30%, hydraulic substance: 15% to 60%, diatomaceous earth having a particle size in the range of 2 μm to 100 μm: 5% to 30%, perlite: 10
% To 15%, organic reinforcing fiber: 3% to 5%, and inorganic fiber: 1% to 8%, on one surface of a base material, a breathable sealer layer is formed, and an adhesive is formed on the surface. 2. The moisture-proof fireproof building material according to claim 1, wherein the decorative veneer is adhered via a veneer.