CS196462B1 - Treatment of wastes from the production of antibiotics - Google Patents

Description

The present invention provides a process for processing waste from the production of antibiotics containing biologically active residues into a fertilizer substrate. Without the degradation of these residual biologically active residues, waste from the production of antibiotics, which contains a significant amount of organic substances, N, P and other nutrients, cannot be used in agriculture or be dismissed because of the risk to the environment by residual residues. The residual biologically active parts of the wastes after antibiotic production are broken down into a fertilizer substrate by a controlled fermentation process in a mixture with raw materials and wastes containing a readily degradable organic matter, so that the production of a completely safe fertilizer substrate is produced.

Hitherto known methods of hygienic disposal of wastes from the production of antibiotics are landfilling in impermeable subsoil depots and incineration. In both of these cases, the sticky consistency and high humidity of these wastes are defective. Many authors mention specific possibilities of utilization of antibiotic wastes in crop production. Zvára, Laloč, Kolot (1960) describe the action of antibiotic wastes as growth promoters (physiological properties of wastes in the production of penicillin-Biologia 15: 23-31). Fryček, Bernát, Uhliar (1963) found out the stimulatory effect of antibiotic waste in grassland (Use of waste penicillin nycelium as fertilizer under grassland - Ved. Práce VÚRV Pieětany 2: 281-292). Uhliar,

Bačko (1974) found out the influence of waste antibiotics on the stimulation of germination of agricultural seeds

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Veββ 4β2 Crops · In all cases, the stimulating effect is dependent on the type, form and biological activity of the antibiotic waste, the concentration and the phase of application, but direct application methods do not exclude intervention of residual residues on soil biological activity and eventual transfer to the plant. No literature and patent documents have been found in the field of use of waste after the production of antibiotics for the preparation of organic fertilizers or composts. In general, wastes from the production of antibiotics are currently considered unsuitable for the production of organic fertilizers or compost due to the antibiotic residues contained therein because they could affect the development of the maturing substrate microflora and thus the conversion of organic matter.

This drawback is remedied by the method of recovery of the antibiotic waste according to the invention, which is based on the treatment in the fertilizer, biologically active substrate produced, where the antibiotic waste content can reach up to 50% of the feed mix and the biological efficiency of antibiotic residues . Intensive biological conversion of all components of the fermented mixture used for the production of fertilizer substrate is ensured by at least 20% of other easily degradable raw materials and waste materials, especially municipal waste, manure, food industry and sewage sludge so that the raw material composition of fermented % of organic matter in dry matter, pH in the range 6.6-7.4, humidity 50-60% and C: N ratio of at least 20 µl, minimum amount of bacteria growing on MPA, starch and Thomton agar 10® in 1 g dry matter. Fermentation process of conversion of waste mixture into aerobic fertilizer aubetrate, aeration must be ensured by at least 2 overbursts in the classical way of processing in crepe type loading, or by compressed air or by air exchange by suction when using fermentation equipment of bioetabilizer type, maturation bunkers and various ground bedrock. The fermentation process during maturation is conducted in an aerobic incubation such that a temperature in the range of 50-60 ° C is maintained for 14 days and a total maturation period of at least 50 days at a minimum average temperature of 35 ° C during the maturation period.

The production of the fertilizer substrate from the waste after the production of the antibiotics according to the invention makes it possible to exploit the fertilizer value of the waste and at the same time to provide a hygienically safe disposal method for the degradation of the residual biologically active substances present. The fertilizer value of wastes from the production of antibiotics according to the contained nutrients and organic matter in the dry matter exceeds the value of the manure shed. This fertilizer value can only be utilized after the removal of residual residual biologically active substances, which allows the production of the fertilizer substrate. In this production, which according to the invention permits the biologically harmless treatment of the waste after the production of antibiotics, it is possible at the same time to use other fertilizer values of a number of other wastes of the urban-industrial agglomeration.

Example of a specific embodiment: 3 parts of fresh waste mycelium from oxytetra-, cyclin production are mixed with 3 parts of manure, 2 parts of cappuccino, 1 part of peat, 1 part of sewage sludge and 1 part of sugar shakes. The raw material composition will be mixed on a non-beta 482 permeable subsoil with a dredger and a grab, placed in a crab-shaped foundation of a height

2.5 m, after 14 days overloaded with bucket excavator RK-25 and after another 21 days the canopy will be repeated. After 65 days, the fermentation will be terminated and the fertilizer substrate produced will be characterized by the finished conversion of the organic substances, their increased stability, immobilized N and, in particular, the biological safety with respect to the degraded residual residues contained in the waste used after antibiotic production.

Claims (1)

Process for the fermentative treatment of antibiotic wastes into a fertilizer substrate, characterized in that these wastes containing 20-50% ee of biologically active antibiotic residues are mixed with readily degradable organic wastes such as crushed municipal waste, food industry waste, slaughter waste, dewatered waste sewage sludge or manure such as manure so that the mixture at the start of the fermentation process contains a maximum of 5,000 units of active residue in 1 g of the mixture, C: N maximum 25: 1, organic content at least 35% range 6,6-7,4 »water content 50-65%, minimum amount of bacteria growing on Thomton agar 10µ in 1 g of dry matter, the temperature of the mixture during the aerobic fermentation process does not drop below 50 ° C for 14 days, the total the maturation period is at least 50 days.