CO4771156A1 - Un metodo para formar articulos polimericos orientados . - Google Patents

Un metodo para formar articulos polimericos orientados .

Info

Publication number
CO4771156A1
CO4771156A1 CO96050317A CO96050317A CO4771156A1 CO 4771156 A1 CO4771156 A1 CO 4771156A1 CO 96050317 A CO96050317 A CO 96050317A CO 96050317 A CO96050317 A CO 96050317A CO 4771156 A1 CO4771156 A1 CO 4771156A1
Authority
CO
Colombia
Prior art keywords
polymeric material
orientation
crystalline
temperature
article
Prior art date
Application number
CO96050317A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jyri Jaakko Jaervenkylae
Nils Yngve Lundequist
Lars Goeran Hoving
Hans Martin Tony Josefsson
Bjorn Axel Roland Olsson
Stig Lennart Agren
Michael Borje Sjoberg
Jan Rolf Rydberg
Original Assignee
Uponor Bv
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/FI1996/000261 external-priority patent/WO1997001428A1/en
Priority claimed from PCT/EP1996/002801 external-priority patent/WO1997010941A1/en
Application filed by Uponor Bv filed Critical Uponor Bv
Publication of CO4771156A1 publication Critical patent/CO4771156A1/es

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/918—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling characterized by differential heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/20—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length
    • B29C44/22—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/06—Rod-shaped
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B29C48/152—Coating hollow articles the inner surfaces thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/33—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles with parts rotatable relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/901—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies
    • B29C48/903—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies externally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/94—Lubricating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/20—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/22—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes
    • B29C55/24—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes radial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C55/22—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes
    • B29C55/26—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes biaxial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/26—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces
    • B29C63/34—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces using tubular layers or sheathings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29D23/001—Pipes; Pipe joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/14—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
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    • F16L11/15—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics corrugated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
    • F16L55/162—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/908—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article characterised by calibrator surface, e.g. structure or holes for lubrication, cooling or venting
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
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    • B29K2995/0053—Oriented bi-axially
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    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/139—Open-ended, self-supporting conduit, cylinder, or tube-type article
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/139—Open-ended, self-supporting conduit, cylinder, or tube-type article
    • Y10T428/1393—Multilayer [continuous layer]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Un método para formar y orientar continuamente un artículoque comprende un material o materiales poliméricos termoplásticos cristalinos o semi-cristalinos a una temperatura superior a la temperatura de fusión cristalina de dicho(s) material(es), caracterizado por las etapas de:agregar una substancia o substancias químicamente reactivas al material polimérico antes o durante la formación del producto entero o bien a una o más capas de un producto de multi-etapas, o a bandas axiales o helicoidales del producto, o a ciertos segmentos del producto en la dirección axial;plastificar y formar una masa globular del material o materiales poliméricos así preparados a una temperatura que no sea suficientemente elevada para activar la reacción de dicha(s) substancia(s) reactiva(s);opcionalmente, inducir corte por lo menos en las capas a las cuales se agregaron las substancias químicamente reactivas y/o estirar la masa globular aún blanda en una o ambas direcciones, simultáneamente o en etapas, incluyendo dicho estiramiento un estiramiento axial para efectuar la orientación termoplástica del material en el sentido longitudinal de la masa globular y/o radial para efectuar la orientación termoplástica del material en la dirección circunferencial de la masa globular;disminuir la movilidad de las moléculas en las capas para que sean orientadas mediante la - 2 -activación de una reacción química entre las substancias químicamente reactivas y los materiales poliméricos que tienen substancias químicamente reactivas agregadas a los mismos cuando el material(es) polimérico(s) está/están en estado fundido durante la extrusión y permitir que la(s) reacción(es) prosigan hasta un grado comprendido entre 1,0 a 100% calculado a partir de la cantidad de grupos químicamente activos;inducir corte por lo menos al producto, la)s) capa(s), bandas, o segmentos a los cuales se han agregado la(s) substancia(s) químicamente reactivas y/o estirar la masa globular todavía blanda, por lo menos parcialmente reaccionada, en una o ambas direcciones, simultáneamente o en etapas, incluyendo dicho estiramiento arrastre axial para efectuar la orientación del material en la dirección longitudinal de la masa globular y/o expansión radial para efectuar la orientación del material en la dirección circunferencial de la masa globular; calibrar y enfriar la masa globular en estado orientado para que la orientación sea permanente por lo menos en la(s) capa(s) donde ocurre la reacción química.2Un método para la producción de un artículo polimérico orientado termoplástico, cristalino o semicristalino que comprende:(i) calentar un material polimérico termoplástico cristalino o semi-cristalino a una temperatura de o por arriba de su punto de fusión cristalino;(ii) configurar el material polimérico en un artículo mientras está a una temperatura de o por arriba de su punto de fusión cristalino;(iii) someter el material polimérico a fuerzas de corte y/o estiramiento, durante o después de la formación del artículo tubular hueco para efectuar la orientación del material polimérico en dirección longitudinal y/o transversal;(iv) hacer reaccionar el material polimérico antes, durante o después de la formación del artículo, y antes o durante la orientación, o después de la orientación, pero antes de que ocurra una substancial relajación de la orientación, con un agente de reticulación, o un agente de injerto, mediante lo cual se incrementa el impedimento estérico del movimiento de la cadena polimérica;teniendo el artículo resultante una resistencia a la tracción en la dirección o direcciones de orientación que es superior a la resistencia a la tracción de un artículo no orientado formado con el mismo material polimérico.38.Un artículo que comprende un material polimérico cristalino o semiAND#8209;cristalino, caracterizado porque por lo menos parte del producto está reticulado o tiene cadenas laterales injertadas o grupos finales que crean impedimento estérico y estápermanentemente orientada a temperatura ambiente, teniendo dicho artículo una resistencia a la tracción en dirección o direcciones de orientación superior a la resistencia a la tracción de un artículo no orientado formado con el mismo material polimérico.68.- Un aparato extrusor para producir un extruído orientado de material polimérico, que comprende:(a)medios de extrusión plastificante, para prover fusión(es) o fusión(es parcial(es) de dicho(s) material(es) polimérico(s) y una substancia químicamente reactiva y cargar dicha fusión bajo presión a través de una abertura de descarga en dichos extrusores;(b)medios de cavidad desarrolladora de un patrón de flujo elongacional que tiene una abertura de entrada que comunica con dicha abertura de descarga de dichos medios extrusores, una cavidad de flujo, y un orificio de descarga, siendo las geometrías relativas de dicha cavidad de flujo y dicho orificio de descarga tales, que desarrollan dentro del material polimérico fundido que fluye desde dichos medios extrusores a través de dicha cavidad, un patrón de flujo elongacional que induce orientación molecular por lo menos tranversalmente en la dirección de flujo dentro de dicho material polimérico;(c)medios de matriz de extrusión retenedores de - 3 -orientación, provistos de un orificio que se extiende a través de los mismos, teniendo dicho orificio de la matriz un extremo de entrada y un extremo de salida, y abriéndose dicho orificio de descarga de dichos medios de cavidad en dicho extremo de entrada de dicho orificio de la matriz de manera de permitir el flujo del material polimérico fundido orientado desde dichos medios de cavidas a dichos medios de matriz, teniendo dicho orificio de descarga un área de sección transversal en la gama de desde 0,9 a 2,0 veces de sección transversal de dicho orificio de matriz;(d)medios de control de la temperatura para mantener la temperatura de dicho material polimérico fundido fluyente, por debajo de la temperatura de reacción de dicha substancia químicamente reactiva en el extrusor y en por lo menos una primera parte de dichos medios de cavidad, y para mantener la temperatura de dicho material polimérico fundido fluyente, por arriba de dicha temperatura de reacción en por lo menos una segunda parte de dichos medios de cavidad y/o de dicho extremo de entrada de dicho orificio de la matriz;(e)opcionalmente medios de control de la temperatura para mantener en dicho orificio de la matriz un gradiente de temperatura axial que desciende en la dirección de flujo a través de una temperatura media de la matriz que es substancialmente igual al punto de fusión normal de dicho material polimérico de manera que la solidificación de dicho material polimérico se inhibirá en la región de entrada de dichos medios de matriz y puede iniciarse dentro de dichos medios de matriz; y(f)opcionalmente, medios de absorción de velocidad variable, para retirar un extruído de dicho material polimérico desde dicho extremo de salida de dicho orificio de la matriz a un régimen de estiramiento controlado;siendo tal la disposición que dicho extruído comienza a solidificarse dentro de dichos medios de matriz o después que sale de dicho extremo de salida de dicho orificio de matriz pero antes de que pueda ocurrir ninguna dilatación radial substancial de dicho extruído.
CO96050317A 1995-09-20 1996-09-20 Un metodo para formar articulos polimericos orientados . CO4771156A1 (es)

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SE9503272A SE521725C2 (sv) 1995-09-20 1995-09-20 Ihålig produkt av termoplastmaterial samt sätt för extrudering av densamma
PCT/FI1996/000261 WO1997001428A1 (en) 1995-06-26 1996-05-08 Extrusion apparatus and method for orienting plastic material by using an extrusion apparatus
PCT/EP1996/002801 WO1997010941A1 (en) 1995-09-20 1996-06-26 Oriented polymeric products

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CA2231860A1 (en) 1997-03-27
HRP960299A2 (en) 1997-10-31
ZA965402B (en) 1998-05-28
SE9503272L (sv) 1997-03-21
CN1196696A (zh) 1998-10-21
CN1061594C (zh) 2001-02-07
CA2231860C (en) 2007-01-02
EG21194A (en) 2000-12-31
AU6990396A (en) 1997-04-09
SE9503272D0 (sv) 1995-09-20
ATE226507T1 (de) 2002-11-15
EP0971812B1 (en) 2002-10-23
JPH11512356A (ja) 1999-10-26
MY132142A (en) 2007-09-28
WO1997010940A1 (en) 1997-03-27
DE69624516D1 (de) 2002-11-28
AR003145A1 (es) 1998-07-08
KR100439093B1 (ko) 2005-08-31
KR19990063608A (ko) 1999-07-26
SE521725C2 (sv) 2003-12-02
IN189245B (es) 2003-01-18
EP0971812A1 (en) 2000-01-19
US6203651B1 (en) 2001-03-20

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