CN87106092A - 含沥青的屋顶层 - Google Patents

含沥青的屋顶层 Download PDF

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CN87106092A
CN87106092A CN87106092.2A CN87106092A CN87106092A CN 87106092 A CN87106092 A CN 87106092A CN 87106092 A CN87106092 A CN 87106092A CN 87106092 A CN87106092 A CN 87106092A
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garret
pitch
radiation
bitumeniferous
covering material
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CN1013777B (zh
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卡尔·吕尔
恩斯特·舍尔普
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Rain Carbon Germany GmbH
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Ruetgerswerke AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
    • E04D5/10—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of compounded or laminated materials, e.g. metal foils or plastic films coated with bitumen
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N5/00—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
    • Y10T428/2813—Heat or solvent activated or sealable
    • Y10T428/2817—Heat sealable
    • Y10T428/2826—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
    • Y10T428/2848—Three or more layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31641—Next to natural rubber, gum, oil, rosin, wax, bituminous or tarry residue
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31815—Of bituminous or tarry residue
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2369—Coating or impregnation improves elasticity, bendability, resiliency, flexibility, or shape retention of the fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2738—Coating or impregnation intended to function as an adhesive to solid surfaces subsequently associated therewith

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  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
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  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
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Abstract

一种在弹性体改性沥青基材上具有特别大的可塑性范围的屋顶层含有一种覆盖物质，它由一种沥青/橡胶混合物组成，比例为17/3～19/1，当制成屋顶层以后，用介于6和16×104Gy之间的发射能量进行辐射。

Description

本发明涉及一种含聚合物的改性沥青的屋顶层。
用于屋顶密封的含沥青的屋顶层系由一种必要的用沥青浸渍的基材如薄膜、毛状物或织物组成，该基材至少在一面上涂覆一层含沥青的覆盖物质。覆盖物质的表面带有一种分离物质，该分离物质防止屋顶层在卷开时发生粘附，必要时还可达到其它功能，例如防止在屋顶密封层最上部的紫外线辐射。
为了改善机械性能，将含沥青的覆盖物质用与沥青相容的聚合物改变特性。它起了提高可塑性间距和熔融物的粘度的作用。添加橡胶和与橡胶相似的聚合物除升高软化点外，同时改善了冷柔韧性。此外，提高了含沥青物质的弹性。缺点是这种双键聚合物特别对紫外线耐老化性较小。添加聚烯烃如聚乙烯，结果是对老化状态较为有利，但是一般不能达到改善冷柔韧性，弹性也仅仅是改善得很少而已。用弹性体改性的聚合沥青的可塑性范围约在125和-35℃之间，当为链烯烃改性的可塑性范围时约在150和-15℃之间。因此可塑性间距在大约相同值中转变，但转变了大约25K。这点对于选择一种屋顶密封层来说，正如粘接和熔接性能或者耐化学性和耐老化性一样重要。
在DD215559中建议通过添加辐射交联的聚合物特别是聚乙烯，并在较高的温度下能改善沥青混合物的形状稳定性。由于强交联的聚合物被视作填料，它只是很少改变沥青物质的特性，因此要选择交联度，以致还要给出沥青中交联聚合物足够的溶解度。通过交联提高聚合物的分子质量，这样，众所周知对软化点起了正的作用，但是对折射点和渗透却起了负的作用（街道和高速公路，1986年，第3～9页Stra    Be    und    Autobahn，1986，Seiten    3～9）。
正如说明书中所述，本发明的沥青混合物首先用于道路工程。这也可从沥青中选出，例如对于屋顶层覆盖物质不适用的名称为B50和B80沥青类。
本发明的任务是创造一种耐老化的含沥青粘接物质的可热粘接和冷粘接的屋顶层，它有一个扩大的可塑性间距，它包括聚烯烃改性的沥青和橡胶改性的沥青。
本发明的任务是通过一种屋顶层予以解决，该屋顶层由一种至少一面涂有一层聚合沥青覆盖物质并且必要时用沥青物质浸渍的基材所组成，其中覆盖物质含有一种沥青/橡胶混合物，沥青与橡胶的比在17/3和19/1之间，当屋顶层制好后进行辐射交联。
作为橡胶，一般采用能和沥青相容的以及可辐射交联的自然或人工的橡胶，例如苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶和聚丁二烯。基材是所有普通的由玻璃纤维或耐热的合成纤维、或者还可由金属箔或在交联时不能衰减的塑料所制成的毛状物、非织造的织物或者织物。纤维层最好用沥青浸渍，也可以用一种通过电子辐射可交联的聚合物以改变特性。
当屋顶层没有自行粘合性时，基材两面用可交联的覆盖物质涂层。表面可撒布矿物分离物质，或者薄膜覆盖，这点对于屋顶层各按照使用目的通常是可行的。
在电子辐射之前或之后还可以涂覆含沥青的熔接粘合剂层或冷粘合剂层。但是也可以在基材下面直接涂覆含沥青的粘合剂层。这种熔接层尽管已由DE-OS3042943公开，但是它的上面覆盖层由一种含有一种很小沥青组分的经硫化的橡胶混合物组成。
本发明根据下列实施例作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种聚酯纤维毛状物（230克/平方米）在一台制造含沥青屋顶层的带有一种由90份重量组份蒸馏沥青B200和10份重量组份苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶组成混合物的普通设备中浸渍，两面用一种由63份重量组份蒸馏沥青B200、7份重量组份苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶和30份重量组份颗粒度小于100微米的页岩粉所组成的混合物涂覆，涂覆厚度各为1毫米。上层用页岩碎片（颗粒度≤1.5毫米）和下层用细砂撒布。然后屋顶层通过一台电子加速器并用16×104Gy的发射能量辐射。从经辐射的和未经辐射的材料中各取出一个试样进行检验。结果在表1中列出。可塑性范围（温度范围介于按D IN52123屋顶层冷稳定性和按D IN52011覆盖物质软化点（Ru K）之间）通过两个方向的发射而扩大，并且增加了70K。软化点高于普通的链烯烃改性物质。
表1
辐射前    辐射后
覆盖物质软化点
（Ru    K）℃    120    180
屋顶层热稳定性
至℃    100    130
屋顶层冷稳定性
至℃    -30    -40
实施例2
重复实施例1，其中浸渍物质和覆盖物质中的苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶组份由等量的聚丁二烯代替。结果在表2中列出。可塑性范围增加了约161K，并按实施例1在两个方向涉及到已辐射的屋顶层的可塑性范围。
表2
辐射前    辐射后
覆盖物质软化点
（Ru    K）℃    64    205
屋顶层热稳定性
至℃    40    130
屋顶层冷稳定性
至℃    -30    -50
本发明的屋顶层根据实施例1和2特别适合于粘接一种热沥青或一种含沥青的冷粘合剂。
实施例3
一种有冷自粘合性的屋顶层由一种带有喷吹沥青85/40浸渍的聚酯纤维毛状物（230克/平方米）制成，它的上层是1毫米厚的覆盖物质，与实施例1相同，它的下层是1毫米厚的物质，由65份重量组份蒸馏沥青B200、11份重量组份合成橡胶、8份重量组份松香和一种3份重量增充剂所组成。然后，上层如实施例1中那样进行撒布，下层用一层硅化纸覆盖。正如实施例1所述，屋顶层用8×104Gy辐射。因此没有减小屋顶层下层的粘合强度。所以在辐射时冷粘合剂保持不变。
实施例4
一种熔接层由一种玻璃纤维毛状物（100克/平方米）制成，它象实施例2中那样进行浸渍，并且在上层涂覆。下层是一层1毫米厚的一种喷吹沥青100/30。上层接着用页岩碎片撒布，下层撒上滑石粉。用6×104Gy辐射的屋顶层如一种未处理的溶接层一样熔接到所有普通的底层上。因此，通过辐射熔接粘合剂也没有变化。

Claims (7)

1、由一种至少一面涂有一层聚合沥青的覆盖物质并且必要时用沥青物质浸渍的基材所组成的屋顶层，其特征在于在覆盖物质中含有一种沥青/橡胶混合物，沥青与橡胶的比在17/3和19/1之间，当层顶层制好后进行辐射交联。
2、根据权利要求1所述的屋顶层，其特征在于沥青/橡胶混合物中含有苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶。
3、根据权利要求1所述的屋顶层，其特征在于沥青/橡胶混合物中含有聚丁二烯。
4、根据权利要求1至3所述的屋顶层，其特征在于屋顶层在一台电子加速器中用从6×104到16×104Gy的发射能量进行辐射。
5、根据权利要求1至4所述的屋顶层，其特征在于基材是一种用沥青浸渍的纤维层，它用一种通过电子辐射可交联的聚合物以改变特性。
6、根据权利要求1至5所述的屋顶层，其特征在于屋顶层的下层配有一种含沥青的溶接粘合剂。
7、根据权利要求1至5所述的屋顶层，其特征在于屋顶层的下层配有一种含沥青的冷粘合剂。
CN87106092A 1986-10-03 1987-08-31 含沥青的屋顶层 Expired CN1013777B (zh)

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DEP3633647.5 1986-10-03
DE19863633647 DE3633647A1 (de) 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 Bituminoese dachbahn

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AT (1) ATE48870T1 (zh)
CA (1) CA1297833C (zh)
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GR880300079T1 (en) 1988-10-21
ES2002687A4 (es) 1988-10-01
DE3761215D1 (de) 1990-01-25
US4780362A (en) 1988-10-25
CA1297833C (en) 1992-03-24
EP0263248B1 (de) 1989-12-20
JPS6399379A (ja) 1988-04-30
HUT51316A (en) 1990-04-28
HU201105B (en) 1990-09-28
CN1013777B (zh) 1991-09-04
ES2002687B3 (es) 1990-04-16
EP0263248A1 (de) 1988-04-13
ATE48870T1 (de) 1990-01-15
DE3633647A1 (de) 1988-04-14
DD262465A5 (de) 1988-11-30

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