CN87102748A - 制造塑料熔体混合物的挤压装置 - Google Patents

制造塑料熔体混合物的挤压装置 Download PDF

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CN87102748A
CN87102748A CN87102748.8A CN87102748A CN87102748A CN 87102748 A CN87102748 A CN 87102748A CN 87102748 A CN87102748 A CN 87102748A CN 87102748 A CN87102748 A CN 87102748A
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hollow cylinder
gear pump
plastic melt
pump
pressurizing unit
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CN1008898B (zh
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克劳斯-迪特尔·科罗索
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KraussMaffei Berstorff GmbH
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Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/74—Bypassing means, i.e. part of the molten material being diverted into downstream stages of the extruder
    • B29C48/745—Bypassing means, i.e. part of the molten material being diverted into downstream stages of the extruder for plasticising or homogenising devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/365—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
    • B29C48/37—Gear pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/52—Screws with an outer diameter varying along the longitudinal axis, e.g. for obtaining different thread clearance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/53—Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/55—Screws having reverse-feeding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion

Abstract

本发明涉及一种制造塑料熔体混合物的挤压装置，它通过在熔体流中设置齿轮泵保证良好的混合作用和在挤压头中有均匀的压力状态。实现该目的的措施是，齿轮泵垂直于空心圆筒安装，在壳体下方的空心圆筒上各设有一个汇入泵轮前后楔形区的出口和入口，泵轮的端面相对于空心圆筒的纵向中轴线水平安装。

Description

本发明涉及一种制造塑料熔体混合物的挤压装置，特别是用于制造挤压泡沫塑料半成品的掺混有膨胀剂的热塑性塑料的挤压装置，它具有一个在空心圆筒中旋转的蜗杆、塑料和其它成分的装料口、在蜗杆上的回挡元件，其中沿工作方向在回挡元件前、后在空心圆筒中设有一个塑料熔体出口及一个进口以及连接这两个口的齿轮泵。
由本发明人的美国专利US-PS4931311（图2）已知一个这种类型的挤压机。材料出口设置于挤压蜗杆上的回挡元件之前，该出口经过一个连接管道通向一个静止的混合元件。齿轮泵又通过一个连接管道安装在静止的混合元件后面，塑料熔体混合物在经过另一个静止混合元件之后，通过进口重新进入挤压机的空心圆筒中。
这种结构的齿轮泵有许多缺点，尤其是塑料混合物从空心圆筒的出口经导管进入静止混合部件并从该部件重新通过导管进入齿轮泵这一相当长的回绕路程是十分不利的。这些缺点是由于在回绕通道及设备中的沉积所造成的。
而另一方面，对要传送的料流建立起较高的和均匀的压力来说，齿轮泵是有很大优点的，因为由此可以保证塑料均匀喷出。
本发明的目的在于改进热塑性塑料的挤压装置。该挤压装置应能保证在缩短蜗杆长度和减少混合部件的条件下，保证被加工的成分混合均匀。
实现上述目的的装置之特征为：齿轮泵垂直于空心圆筒，并直接安装在该圆筒上;在齿轮泵壳体的下方的空心圆筒上各设有一个汇入泵轮前、后楔形区的塑料熔体材料的入口及出口;在齿轮泵壳体中的泵轮的端面平行于空心圆筒的纵向中轴线。
齿轮泵垂直于空心圆筒安装，在泵壳体的下方，泵轮前、后的楔形区同时设置塑料熔体的进、出口，由此使被吸入及推出的塑料熔体转两次90°的弯，即一次在进入泵壳体的入口，一次在出口处。
通过采取上述措施，不需要设置如前面提到的美国专利所述的静止混合装置，实现塑料熔体与添加物、如膨胀剂均匀良好地混合。
这里需特别指出，齿轮泵可以用最少的零件装在熔料流中，使混合作用得以改善而且在挤压头处可达到均匀的熔料压力，因为这里可以省去造成压力损失的很长的回绕通道等。
由于泵轮的端面相对于挤压机空心圆筒纵向中轴水平安装，并在齿轮前、后的楔形区设置了进、出口，使熔体在泵壳体中转两个90°的弯。熔体进入泵壳后首先冲击壳体的上内壁，接着被齿轮带动，并沿泵壳的外壁传送。然后与对置泵轮的熔体流彼此相会，并重新掺混，最后再转90°的弯通过泵壳下方的出口压入挤压机空心圆筒中。
由于行程及零件的这种设置，使塑料熔体与添加物，即膨胀剂的掺混效果非常好，因此熔化蜗杆和均化蜗杆的长度显著减小，並且可以在蜗杆上以较少的混合部分工作。
下面借助附图对本发明的实施例进行描述
图1为挤压机的纵剖面
图2为带有垂直安装于其上的齿轮泵的挤压机纵剖面
图3为沿图2Ⅲ-Ⅲ线并转了90°后的纵剖面部分俯视图
图4为沿图3Ⅳ-Ⅳ线的部分纵剖面
蜗杆2在蜗杆挤压机的空心圆筒1中转动，它由未在图中示出的驱动装置带动，使熔体沿箭头3所示的方向传送。
在蜗杆2上设置了一块挡板4。空心圆筒1在挡板4前有一出口5，在档板后有一进口6。
齿轮泵7通过未在图中示出的法兰用螺钉固定在空心圆筒1上，而其二个泵轮8和9垂直于空心圆筒1的纵向中轴线10（见图3）。
空心圆筒1的出口5和入口6直接通齿轮泵7，即汇入齿轮8和9前面及后面的楔形区11及12。
图2所示的是一种在传送蜗杆2上出口5和入口6之间设有回送螺纹段13的结构。通过回送螺纹使塑料熔体回挡，因而在提高了压力的条件下送入出口5，进入齿轮泵7。
进入齿轮泵7的熔体到达楔形区11并冲击泵7的盖14。
熔体被泵轮8和9带动，并如箭头15所示沿泵的外壁传送。
熔体由于齿轮8和9的快速旋转而在楔形区12中相互撞击，由此实现良好的混合。
最后，熔体转向90°被压入入口6，送入设置在回送螺纹段13后的蜗杆段中，然后由挤压头17挤进塑料薄膜管16中。
符号表
1    空心圆筒
2    蜗杆
3    箭头
4    挡板
5    出口
6    进口
7    齿轮泵
8    泵轮
9    泵轮
10    纵向中轴线
11    楔形区
12    楔形区
13    回送螺纹段
14    盖
15    箭头
16    薄膜管
17    挤压头

Claims (1)

  1. 制造塑料熔体混合物的挤压装置，特别是用于制造挤压泡沫塑料半成品的掺混有膨胀剂的热塑性塑料的挤压装置，它具有一个在空心圆筒中旋转的蜗杆、塑料和其它成分的装料口、在蜗杆上的回挡元件，其中沿工作方向在回挡元件前、后在空心圆筒中设有一个塑料熔体出口及一个进口以及连接这两个孔的齿轮泵，其特征为：齿轮泵(7)垂直于空心圆筒(1)，并直接安装在该圆筒上；在齿轮泵(7)壳体的下方的空心圆筒上各设有一个汇入泵轮(8、9)前、后楔形区(11、12)的塑料熔体材料的出口及入口(5、6)；在齿轮泵(7)壳体中的泵轮(8、9)的端面平行于空心圆筒(1)的纵向中轴线。
CN87102748A 1986-05-09 1987-04-14 制造塑料熔体混合物的挤压装置 Expired CN1008898B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3615586.1 1986-05-09
DE3615586A DE3615586C1 (de) 1986-05-09 1986-05-09 Strangpressvorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kunststoffschmelzemischungen

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CN87102748A true CN87102748A (zh) 1987-11-18
CN1008898B CN1008898B (zh) 1990-07-25

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CN87102748A Expired CN1008898B (zh) 1986-05-09 1987-04-14 制造塑料熔体混合物的挤压装置

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US (1) US4730935A (zh)
EP (1) EP0244591B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH0767729B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1008898B (zh)
AT (1) ATE54873T1 (zh)
DE (2) DE3615586C1 (zh)
SU (1) SU1477241A3 (zh)

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US10967554B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2021-04-06 Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Extruder screw having paths within the screw, extruder, and extrusion method
US11110638B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2021-09-07 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw having paths within the screw, extruder, and extrusion method
US11220022B2 (en) 2014-04-24 2022-01-11 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw having paths within the screw, extruder, and extrusion method
US11230033B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2022-01-25 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw including conveyance portions and paths within the conveyance portions, extruder, and extrusion method
US11229889B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2022-01-25 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw with alternately-arranged conveyance portions and extruders and extrusion methods using the extruder screw
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US11220022B2 (en) 2014-04-24 2022-01-11 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw having paths within the screw, extruder, and extrusion method
CN105980122B (zh) * 2014-04-24 2018-01-05 东芝机械株式会社 挤出机用螺杆、挤出机以及挤出方法
US11224991B2 (en) 2014-04-24 2022-01-18 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw having paths within the screw, extruder, and extrusion method
CN105980122A (zh) * 2014-04-24 2016-09-28 东芝机械株式会社 挤出机用螺杆、挤出机以及挤出方法
US10967554B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2021-04-06 Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Extruder screw having paths within the screw, extruder, and extrusion method
US11110638B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2021-09-07 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw having paths within the screw, extruder, and extrusion method
US11565440B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2023-01-31 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Kneading apparatus with first and second extruders
US11752682B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2023-09-12 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw having paths within the screw, extruder, and extrusion method
US11813785B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2023-11-14 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw having paths within the screw, extruder, and extrusion method
US11230033B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2022-01-25 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw including conveyance portions and paths within the conveyance portions, extruder, and extrusion method
US11229889B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2022-01-25 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw with alternately-arranged conveyance portions and extruders and extrusion methods using the extruder screw
CN111501273A (zh) * 2020-05-26 2020-08-07 范志芳 一种服装加工用裤腿开洞装置
CN111501273B (zh) * 2020-05-26 2023-03-31 邵阳奥佳工贸有限公司 一种服装加工用裤腿开洞装置

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EP0244591B1 (de) 1990-07-25
CN1008898B (zh) 1990-07-25
SU1477241A3 (ru) 1989-04-30
EP0244591A2 (de) 1987-11-11
JPH0767729B2 (ja) 1995-07-26
DE3615586C1 (de) 1987-05-07
DE3763893D1 (de) 1990-08-30
ATE54873T1 (de) 1990-08-15
US4730935A (en) 1988-03-15
JPS62268622A (ja) 1987-11-21
EP0244591A3 (en) 1989-06-07

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