CN86100626A - 气体发生器 - Google Patents

气体发生器 Download PDF

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CN86100626A
CN86100626A CN198686100626A CN86100626A CN86100626A CN 86100626 A CN86100626 A CN 86100626A CN 198686100626 A CN198686100626 A CN 198686100626A CN 86100626 A CN86100626 A CN 86100626A CN 86100626 A CN86100626 A CN 86100626A
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伊奥沃思·索马斯
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MIDLANDS ENGLANG WS8 7JY
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0668—Treating or cleaning means; Fuel filters
    • F02D19/0671—Means to generate or modify a fuel, e.g. reformers, electrolytic cells or membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0644—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
    • F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S123/00—Internal-combustion engines
    • Y10S123/12—Hydrogen

Abstract

气体发生器含有一个电解设备10，用其产生出的气体随后与发动机装置内燃料混合。发动机装置由一台发动机17、燃料箱，前述的电解设备10和混合室26组成，在其内，产生的气体与输送给发动机的燃料，在进入发动机燃烧以前混合。

Description

气体发生器
本发明有关的是一种气体发生器，更准确地说是一种特殊的，但不是专门的电解设备，而是为牵引机、固定发动机、轮船、炉子、发电厂和其它设备上，把水转换成与碳氢燃料一起使用的氢气和氧气。本发明进一步涉及的是气体发生器的发动机装置。
迄今，已经实现了把氢气和汽油一起使用来作为节油的措施，即：通过少量地生产氢气并把它贮存于合适的容器中，从容器中把氢气供给发动机从而实现了节油的目的。然而，这种贮放氢气的方法是危险的，因此，本发明提供一种电解设备，这种电解设备将能大量地生产氢气，由此，避免在汽车上为贮放氢气而使用贮存箱。
根据本发明的一个特征提供了一种发动机装置，该装置包括发动机、燃料箱、电解设备，为电解设备配置的供电设备，以及混合室，在其内由电解设备产生的气体，能和来自于燃料箱的燃料在进入发动机燃烧之前相混合。
根据本发明的另一个特征，提供的一种电解设备，包括一只容器，在容器内存放有电解液和沉浸在导电的电解液中的第1和第2组电极，在应用中，流过第1组电极的电势可以与流过第2组电极的电势不同，这两对不同的电极可以各自工作或由于发动机加速而需提供额外的气体输出量而一起工作。至少有部分氧气用来把在气缸中由于燃烧碳氢化合物所生成的污染物，即，氧化亚氮和一氧化碳，转换成非染氧化物。如果这种化合作用在发动机汽缸内发生，那么，废气污染不仅会被减少，而且在汽缸中能产生附加的功率。同样，氢气和氧气在燃烧室内可以再化合，同样能产生功率。为了防止在火花塞上由于重新化合产生水，因此，我的发明的另一个特征提供了一个点火电极，并配置成可排去不冻的水，即通常是水平放置或大体上是水平方向以便使形成的水自由滴下或由振动而使水掉下。
已经发现用本发明的电解设备是特别有效，通过使用合适的电势，例如由一台交流发电机输送并经整流的电流，该发电机就是与我的在英国的申请，号码为2120865A所描述的那种一样，将能提供足够的气体来满足发动机的要求从而避免使用中间贮气容器。
最好是容器内设置第三组电极，并把它浸在电解液中。
最好的是，电解设备被安装在汽车上，并把燃料系统与供气相连，在应用中，为把气体引入到内燃机中因而就把气体引入到燃料系统中。在这种情况下，通过象水阀这样的非回流阀，可以把气体送到供燃系统，例如，汽化器。
把电解设备安在汽车上，而它所需要的电流由发动机驱动的交流发电机输送。由交流发电机发出的电流最好经过整流，产生电解设备所需要的电功率。
根据本发明所指出的电解设备，下面将参考附图，对电解设备进行具体的描述，在附图中：
图1：具有代表性的电解设备的平面视图，根据本发明，表示出了电的连接。
图2：是图1的电解设备的正视图，图示性地表示了电解设备与内燃机的燃料系统的连接。
箱子（10）内装有三组电极，一般是用12，13和14来表示的，并分别与前述提到的第1，第2和第三组电极相对应。第1组电极包含一列阳极（12a）和一列阴极（12b）。另两对电极13和14，分别包含一列阳极（13a）、（14a），一列阴极（13b）、（14b）。这三组电极分别与整流器（15）相连，而整流器将由汽车上的内燃机（17）驱动的交流发电机（16）所输出的电流整流。而交流发电机最好选用我在英国申请的正在审查中的专利申请，NO：2120865A所陈述的那种，那种发电机输出低电压高电流。
这些电极12，13和14被浸放在箱子（10）内的电解液中，箱子（10）中的电解液，可以是含有30%的氢氧化钠、70%的水溶液（按重量计算）。这个化例可以根据需要而变化。箱子（10）上有一个罩（18），其上开有一个入口（19）和一个出口（20）。在电解期间，从储存箱（22）中通过入口（19）输送溶液到箱子（10）中并使箱子（10）中的溶液保持恒定的液位高度（21）。由于电解而产生气体，具体的说就是氢气和氧化，并从出口（20）流出，经过有一出口端的导管（23），导管（23）的出口端位于水阀门的水面下。管子（25）有一个位于水阀（24）内水面上的入口和通入到气体过滤器或发动机的汽化器（26）的吸入口的出口。汽化器通常与发动机的燃料供应系统相连。
发动机一旦起动，交流发电机就产生电流并经整流，然后，例如以3到4伏的电势输送到相应的一组电极12，13和14。每组电极所需要的电势可以不同。电极可用不锈钢制做。每组电极的相邻电极的间隔大约为3/16英寸，即4.76mm。
使用所描述的电极设备是特别有利，因为它能产生足够的气体而避免在电解设备和汽化器之间使用中间贮存器。使用对所有电极都适用的单种电解液能得到更多的有用的离子，总之在把电极分别浸在各自独立的电解溶器中为好。使用水阀防止了气体通过管道（23）爆炸的危险。
箱子（10）可以用象塑料这样的材料组成，其尺寸：宽为6英寸（152mm），深5英寸（127mm），长8英寸（203mm）。
电解设备仅当发动驱动交流发电机的时候才产生气体，而该发电机具有另一种优点，就是在发动机熄火后，能使气体贮存系统中仍存放大量的气体。
由电解设备产生的氢气和氧气被送至发动机来减少引起污染的燃烧副产品。一种具体的废气分析，其结果列举如下：
O20.6% 氧气
CO216% 二氧化碳
CO    0.7%    一氧化碳
NO28.9% 二氧化氮
N256% 氮气
未燃的碳氢燃料13.6%
C    0.9到1.0%    碳
Pb的含量低于1百万分之一。
最好，管子（25）含有控制输送到汽化器的气体压力的阀（34）。以那样的方式，输送到汽化器的气体压力能被保持在大约0.429kg/sg·Cm（71bs/sg·inch）。
在箱子（10）内的电解液的液面高度用传感器检测并发出液面降低的信号使液体从储存箱输送到箱子（10）内。

Claims (20)

1、发动机装置，包括有一台发动机，燃料箱，电解设备，为电解设备准备的电源，混合室，在其内，由电解设备产生的气体能和来自于燃料箱的燃料在发动机内燃烧之前相混合。
2、如权利要求1所说的装置，其特征是：电解设备有一个电解室，电解室含有第1和第2组电极，电极组是单独地与电源连接。
3、如权利要求2所说的装置，其特征是：电极导电性地与整流连接，而整流器导电性地与交流发电机相连。
4、如权利要求1到3所说的装置，其特征是：该装置被装在汽车上，汽车发动机是一台内燃机。
5、如权利要求4所说的装置，其特征是：发动机带有汽化器，该汽化器包括有一个前述的混合室。
6、如权利要求5所说的装置，其特征是：发动机带有单通阀，该阀有一根出口管并与汽化器的混合室相连，该阀有入口管与上述的电解设备相连。
7、如权利要求6所说的装置，其特征是：单通阀是水阀。
8、由燃烧碳氢燃料驱动的发动机的供料方法，其特征是：包括邻近发动机贮存燃料，装置电解设备，从那些当直流电流过那里时能产生氢气的溶液中选出电解液，供给电解设备一定电压的直流电，当引出碳氢燃料时就产生氢气，电解设备产生的氢气与引出的碳氢燃料混合，然后把增加了氢气的碳氢燃料输送到发动机的燃烧室。
9、如权利要求8所说的供料方法，其特征是，发动是内燃机并有一汽化器，来控制碳氢燃料供给量，氢气与碳氢燃料在汽化器内混合。
10、如权利要求9所说的供料方法，其特征是：氢气通过一个单通阀被送到汽化器。
11、如权利要求8到10中任何一个权项所说的供料方法，其特征是：所述的电解液是氢氧化钠的水溶液。
12、如权利要求11所述的供料方法，其特征是：电解液含有的氢氧化钠为总重量的30%，水为总重量的70%。
13、如权利要求8到12中的任何一个权项所说的供料方法，其特征是：氢气的压力在和碳氢燃料混合以前至少为0.492kg/sg·Cm（71bs/sg·inch）。
14、如权利要求8到13中的任何一个权项所说的供料方法，其特征是：供给的直流电其电压为4伏。
15、如权利要求8到14中的任何一个权项所说的供料方法，其特征是：碳氢燃料与辅助的氢气相混合。
16、如权利要求15所说的供料方法，其特征是：所说的气体从那些适合于减少燃烧后由发动机散发的污染副产品的气体中选择。
17、如权利要求16所说的供料方法：其特征是：包含氧气。
18、如权利要求1到7中的任何一个所述的装置，其特征是：使用的电解设备，包括有一个容器，在容器中存有电解液，第1和第2组电极被浸在电解液中，以及给电极提供电的设备。
19、发动机装置的构造和实质上的布置参考附图1和2。
20、由碳氢燃料燃烧驱动的发动机供料方法参考附图1和2。
CN198686100626A 1985-01-03 1986-01-03 气体发生器 Pending CN86100626A (zh)

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GB858500064A GB8500064D0 (en) 1985-01-03 1985-01-03 Electrolysis unit
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CN (1) CN86100626A (zh)
AU (1) AU5306686A (zh)
CA (1) CA1272647A (zh)
DE (1) DE3583236D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES8702580A1 (zh)
GB (1) GB8500064D0 (zh)
IN (1) IN163766B (zh)
NZ (1) NZ214741A (zh)
PT (1) PT81778B (zh)
WO (1) WO1986004117A1 (zh)

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CN101813040A (zh) * 2010-03-23 2010-08-25 重庆沛达氢能科技有限公司 一种用于内燃发动机氢氧助燃节能智能控制系统装置
CN102216587A (zh) * 2008-10-02 2011-10-12 戴维·英沃德 使用电解燃料电池来改进燃烧的系统和方法
CN103160347A (zh) * 2012-12-11 2013-06-19 云南亿星之光新能源科技开发有限公司 一种合成氢燃料的合成方法
CN103266969A (zh) * 2013-05-10 2013-08-28 王木喜 一种节能器
CN103603750A (zh) * 2013-11-06 2014-02-26 东莞市源美能源科技有限公司 一种汽车节能装置
CN108350836A (zh) * 2015-07-29 2018-07-31 燃料节省有限公司 船舶推进系统和操作船舶推进系统的方法

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CN108350836B (zh) * 2015-07-29 2020-09-22 燃料节省有限公司 船舶推进系统和操作船舶推进系统的方法

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US4763610A (en) 1988-08-16
PT81778A (en) 1986-02-01
ES8702580A1 (es) 1987-01-01
DE3583236D1 (de) 1991-07-18
EP0207122B1 (en) 1991-06-12
ES550664A0 (es) 1987-01-01
PT81778B (pt) 1990-11-20
EP0207122A1 (en) 1987-01-07
CA1272647A (en) 1990-08-14
NZ214741A (en) 1988-03-30
WO1986004117A1 (en) 1986-07-17

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