CN85102828A - 用磷改性zsm-5催化剂制取对甲乙苯 - Google Patents
用磷改性zsm-5催化剂制取对甲乙苯 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
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- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 5
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- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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Abstract
本发明是关于制取对甲乙苯的方法。发明一种结构适宜的ZSM-5沸石并只用磷改性的催化剂由甲苯乙烯烷基化制取对甲乙苯,使产物中对甲乙苯异构体高达96%以上,不含邻甲乙苯,可使对甲乙苯产物直接进行脱氧生成对甲基苯乙烯,再经聚合生成新型高分子塑料对甲基苯乙烯。
Description
本发明属于制取对甲乙苯的方法。
甲苯与乙烯在沸石催化剂存在下进行烷基化反应制取对甲乙苯,以往专利如《特开昭57-95922》报导一般用磷与镁或镁改性的ZSM-5沸石催化剂。其产物中对甲乙苯浓度可达90~97%,间甲乙苯浓度为10~1%,还有微量邻位异构体。如果只用磷改性的ZSM-5沸石催化剂进行烷基化反应,产物中对甲乙苯浓度为55.5%,必须经过分离方可得到浓度高的对甲乙苯。由于对位和间位异构体沸点只有1℃之差,所以必须采用昂贵的深冷分离或者吸附分离方法,使得操作费用高,且产量有限。
本发明的目的是发明一种结构适宜的ZSM-5沸石并只用磷改性的催化剂,用于甲苯乙烯烷基化时具有高选择性生成对甲乙苯,使之对位异构体浓度高达96%以上,且不含邻甲乙苯,这种高浓度的对甲乙苯产物可直接进行脱氢以生成对甲基苯乙烯,再经聚合生产出新型高分子塑料聚对甲基苯乙烯。
本发明的构成如下:
本发明由ZSM-5沸石的合成及磷改性ZSM-5沸石催化剂的制备和甲苯乙烯烷基化反应制备对甲乙苯两部分组成。
一、用磷改性的ZSM-5沸石催化剂的制备
1、沸石的合成
两种沸石(正丁胺合成的ZSM-5和氨水合成的ZSM-5)均采用水热合成法进行。原料用工业水玻璃和酸化硫酸铝(硫酸和硫酸铝)还有正丁胺或者氨水,合成温度为100~200℃,合成时间为30~70小时,制得ZSM-5沸石原粉。原料合成的配比为:
R+/R++M+0.1~1.0
OH-/SiO20.1~0.5
SiO2/Al2O340~300
H2O/OH-50~300
2、氢型催化剂的制备
ZSM-5沸石原粉经焙烧成为钠型沸石,可用铵盐或者稀盐酸交换,再经水洗干燥焙烧制得氢型沸石。本发明是将制得的ZSM-5沸石原粉与-水αAl2O3载体按比例混合(比例是沸石65~80%与-水αAl2O335~20%)成型,干燥焙烧制得钠型催化剂,再用(0.1~1N)硝酸铵水溶液交换1~4次,干燥焙烧后用(0.1~2N)盐酸水溶液浸泡,再经水洗至无Cl-为止,干燥焙烧制得氢型催化剂。
3、载磷催化剂的制备
可用做磷改性的含磷化合物包括有机磷,如磷酸三甲酯,三苯基磷等,无机磷化物,如磷酸、磷酸氢铵、磷酸铵等均可使用。本发明使用磷酸进行改性,采用常规的浸渍法或离子交换方法。将氢型催化剂在540℃下加热2小时,冷却后在常温下浸渍在磷酸水溶液中。浸渍时间可在2~40小时,然后在100~150℃下干燥。在400~600℃下焙烧2~8小时,即得到含磷ZSM-5沸石催化剂,载磷量至少为2%,根据情况含磷量可达15%,通常在6~12%之间。
二、甲苯乙烯烷基化制取对甲乙苯
本发明进行甲苯乙烯烷基化反应是在固定床流通式反应器中进行,反应为气固相反应,反应后流出物包括气体和液体两部分,分别用气相色谱进行分析和定量。反应可在常压下进行也可加压,本发明是在常压下进行的;反应温度可在300~450℃范围进行,较好温度为300℃~375℃;重量空速可在2~16时-1范围内,较好重量空速为4~8时-1;甲苯/乙烯分子比可在1~10范围,较好为2.5~5。还要使用N2或H2稀释。
本发明的积极效果是由于采用了本发明的磷改性ZSM-5沸石催化剂,由苯和乙烯烷基化制取对甲乙苯,使产物中含对甲乙苯异构体的比例大大地超过热力学平衡浓度,可高达96%,且无邻甲乙苯,这样不必采用昂贵的对、间异构体分离技术(深冷或吸附方法)简化了工艺和操作费用。由于没有邻位异构体使脱氢反应十分有利。
本发明实施例如下:
一、未用磷改性的氢ZSM-5催化剂的制备和反应
例1.1702克水玻璃(SiO2=16.99%,Na2O=5.28%,H2O=77.73%)加入740ml无离子水,再加入93.18ml正丁胺和20克晶种搅拌制得碱液,称B溶液。将34.3克硫酸铝(51.4%Al2O3)和98%浓硫酸47.2ml加入到2419ml无离子水中混匀制得酸化硫酸铝溶液,称A溶液。将A、B二种溶液混合共胶,在高压釜内充分搅拌,然后加热升温到170℃,停止搅拌,在此温度下持续48小时,停止加热,待降到室温后打开釜盖,抽出上面清液,将下面结晶取出用无离子水洗至pH值为9,过滤和干燥。干燥后的沸石产品与一水α-Al2O3混合(比例为65%沸石和35%Al2O3)用10%稀硝酸水溶液粘合成型,挤压成条切成2×2m/m小圆柱体颗粒,在120℃下干燥3小时,540℃下N2流中焙烧3小时,冷却后在室温下用0.4N硝酸铵水溶液交换二次,每次一小时,每克催化剂加入2.2ml硝酸铵溶液,交换后倒掉残液,干燥,在540℃下焙烧6小时,冷却后再用0.6N盐酸水溶液浸泡24小时,之后用无离子水洗至无Cl-为止,再干燥3小时,焙烧3小时,制得氢型ZSM-5催化剂。
例2、用例1制得的氢ZSM-5催化剂进行甲苯乙烯烷基化反应,结果如下:
例3、实验步骤和方法同例1,原料配方不同,1564ml水玻璃(16.99%SiO2、6.28%Na2O和77.73%H2O)加入78ml水和25%氨水747ml,再加入20克晶种,制得B液。将44.4克硫酸铝(51.4%Al2O3)和98%浓硫酸45ml加入到2055ml水中制得A液。共胶晶化,以下步骤同例1。干燥后的沸石产品与一水αAl2O3混合,比例为80∶20。成型同例1步骤,但催化剂颗粒不必在N2流中焙烧,在空气中焙烧即可,氢交换步骤同例1,制得由氨水合成的氢型ZSM-5沸石催化剂。
例4、用例3制得氢ZSM-5沸石催化剂进行甲苯乙烯烷基化反应,反应温度为325℃,空速为12时-1,甲苯/乙烯分子比为2.5,反应结果甲苯转化率为26.58分子%,产物中甲乙苯组成对位异构体为81.80%,间位异构体为18.20%,邻位异构体为0。
从上述实例可以看出,本发明中制备的二种氢ZSM-5沸石催化剂在大空速下反应均有较高择形催化作用,甲苯乙烯烷基化产物中的对甲乙苯浓度可达80%以上,并且产物中没有邻甲乙苯。
二、用磷改性的ZSM-5沸石催化剂的制备和反应
例5、将1.12克85%H3PO4溶于5ml水中加入3克例1制备的HZSM-5催化剂,在室温下过夜,然后在120℃下干燥3小时,在540℃下焙烧3小时,制得磷改性ZSM-5沸石催化剂,其中磷含量相当10%,该催化剂在375℃下,烃重量空速为8时-1,甲苯/乙烯分子比为2.5时进行甲苯乙烯烷基化反应,结果如下:
例6、用例3制得HZSM-5沸石催化剂3克用0.67克85%H3PO3水溶液浸渍,其它操作重复例5操作,制得含磷为6%的磷改性ZSM-5沸石催化剂。该催化剂在与例5相同的反应条件下进行甲苯乙烯烷基化反应,结果如下:
上述实例可以看出,两种氢ZSM-5沸石催化剂经磷改性后择形催化性能大大提高,甲苯乙烯烷基化产物中对甲乙苯浓度均在96%以上,并且没有邻甲乙苯,该产物可直接脱氢,制取对甲基苯乙烯,从而省掉昂贵分离手续。
Claims (2)
1、一种用磷改性的ZSM-5沸石催化剂是由有机胺或者氨水合成的ZSM-5沸石加入AL2O3成型后经硝酸铵交换和盐酸水溶液处理得到氢型ZSM-5沸石催化剂,本发明的特征是再经磷改性制得。沸石合成原料组成为R+/R++M+=0.1~1.0,OH-/SiO2=0.1~0.5,SiO2/Al2O=40~300H2O/OH-=50~300磷改性采用浸渍蒸干法,磷含量在2%~15%。
2、一种制取对甲乙苯的方法,本发明特征在于用本发明的磷改性ZSM-5沸石催化剂在固定床中温度为300~380℃,压力为常压,烃重量空速在6~16时-1甲苯/乙烯分子比为2.5~5操作条件下进行,甲苯乙烯烷基化反应。
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Cited By (8)
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CN101417235B (zh) * | 2007-10-24 | 2011-05-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种甲苯甲醇烷基化制对二甲苯和低碳烯烃移动床催化剂 |
CN1933907B (zh) * | 2004-03-02 | 2011-05-25 | 沙特基础工业公司 | 选择性沸石催化剂改性 |
CN102548656A (zh) * | 2009-10-05 | 2012-07-04 | 沙特基础工业公司 | 含磷沸石催化剂及其制备方法 |
US8545803B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2013-10-01 | Petrochina Company Limited | Modified molecular sieve characterized by improved sodium-contamination-resisting activity and preparation method thereof |
CN103406142A (zh) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-27 | 常州大学 | 一种p2o5改性微孔分子筛择形催化剂的制备方法 |
CN103561866A (zh) * | 2011-03-15 | 2014-02-05 | 科莱恩产品(德国)有限公司 | 制造用于将甲醇转化成烯烃的沸石基催化剂的方法 |
US9895686B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2018-02-20 | Petrochina Company Limited | Double-component modified molecular sieve with improved hydrothermal stability and production method thereof |
CN110342534A (zh) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-18 | 山东齐鲁华信实业股份有限公司 | 分子筛外排污水回用生产择型分子筛zsm-5的生产方法 |
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1985
- 1985-04-01 CN CN198585102828A patent/CN85102828A/zh active Pending
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1933907B (zh) * | 2004-03-02 | 2011-05-25 | 沙特基础工业公司 | 选择性沸石催化剂改性 |
CN101417235B (zh) * | 2007-10-24 | 2011-05-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种甲苯甲醇烷基化制对二甲苯和低碳烯烃移动床催化剂 |
CN102548656A (zh) * | 2009-10-05 | 2012-07-04 | 沙特基础工业公司 | 含磷沸石催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN102548656B (zh) * | 2009-10-05 | 2015-06-03 | 沙特基础工业公司 | 含磷沸石催化剂及其制备方法 |
US8545803B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2013-10-01 | Petrochina Company Limited | Modified molecular sieve characterized by improved sodium-contamination-resisting activity and preparation method thereof |
US9895686B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2018-02-20 | Petrochina Company Limited | Double-component modified molecular sieve with improved hydrothermal stability and production method thereof |
CN103561866A (zh) * | 2011-03-15 | 2014-02-05 | 科莱恩产品(德国)有限公司 | 制造用于将甲醇转化成烯烃的沸石基催化剂的方法 |
US10112188B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2018-10-30 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Process for manufacture of a zeolite based catalyst for the conversion of methanol to olefins |
CN103406142A (zh) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-27 | 常州大学 | 一种p2o5改性微孔分子筛择形催化剂的制备方法 |
CN103406142B (zh) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-08-12 | 常州大学 | 一种p2o5改性微孔分子筛择形催化剂的制备方法 |
CN110342534A (zh) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-18 | 山东齐鲁华信实业股份有限公司 | 分子筛外排污水回用生产择型分子筛zsm-5的生产方法 |
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