CN2497326Y

CN2497326Y - Rapid radon monitoring instrument

Info

Publication number: CN2497326Y
Application number: CN 01258844
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄子瀚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-08-29
Filing date: 2001-08-29
Publication date: 2002-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 2011-08-29

Abstract

A quickly radon monitoring instrument comprises an insulation fixed ring with a gap in center arranged on the top, a collecting chamber with four surroundings and a bottom from inside to outside consisting in turn of a metal mesh, a fiber filter diffusion layer and a porous inlet plate, a high pressure collector, an Alpha detector, an electronic measurement device and an I/O device controlled by the electronic measurement device, and the electronic measurement device comprising a preamplifier, a discrimination former and a data acquisition control unit connected in turn, wherein the preamplifier is arranged on the Alpha detector and connected with the detector by electricity; the electronic measurement device consists of the discrimination former and the data acquisition control unit; the discrimination former consists of a main amplifier, and a single channel pulse analyzer and a former; the high pressure collector is arranged on an incident window of the Alpha detector and becomes united with the Alpha detector; outside the high pressure collector, a metal shielding shell is fixed by sides and an insulation fixed ring is covered around the outside of the Alpha detector and the preamplifier; mass thickness of the high pressure collector is 0.1-0.2 mg/cm <2>; the monitoring instrument can quickly monitor the radon.

Description

Quick radon monitor

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of radon monitor.Belong to environment protection equipment.

Background technology

Radon gas is a kind of colourless, tasteless radgas, its carcinogenic harmfulness has caused people's common concern, the U.S. achieves tangible results with improvement to the monitoring of radon at present, because of the lung cancer that objectionable impuritiess such as radon gas cause on a declining curve, other developed countries also take measures, and pay close attention to the harm monitoring and improvement of radon.China has issued " radon concentration control criterion in the house " (GB/T 16146-1995) in 1995, and the concentration of restriction Indoor Niton is beneficial to safeguard the inhabitation safety of numerous people; Radon monitoring and control leading group have also been set up in health ministry and Minitry of Geology and Mineral Resources, coordinate the monitoring and the preventing and controlling of the relevant radon in the whole nation, and this has illustrated that China has become one of focus of environmental protection for the monitoring and the preventing and controlling of radon.At present, the domestic and international small commercial radon continuous monitor that adopts mostly is passive diffusion type monitoring method, and so-called " passive " is meant that monitor is not with aspiration pump, makes that structure is light, cost reduces; Detector used in the radon gas monitor adopts semiconductor detector mostly, and obtains continuous, the automatically monitoring of the electronics measurement device realization of control module to radon gas by containing data.The monitoring principle of radon is summarized as follows: the radon gas that exists in the room air, form the daughter product of radon by the radon gas decay, aqueous vapor and dust etc., filtration through the fibrous filter diffusion layer of the collecting chamber of radon monitor, have only radon gas freely to diffuse in the collecting chamber of monitor, the radon that enters in the collecting chamber constantly decays into positively charged radon daughter product, wherein launch the RaA that has of α particle, RaC ' and ThC ', radon daughter is under the electric field action of the high pressure collecting utmost point, be adsorbed on the surface of the high pressure collecting utmost point, and in the further decay of the surface of the high pressure collecting utmost point, the radon daughter of emission α particle can be launched the α particle, after this α particle passes cavity between the high pressure collecting utmost point and the high pressure collecting utmost point and the semiconductor detector, incide and produce measurable pulse signal on the semiconductor detector, the amplitude of these pulse signals is different with the alpha-particle energy size of radon daughter emission, this signal is through the electronics measurement measurement device, be converted into radon concentration, and automatic record, show, print or warning output; In the existing radon monitor, because the high pressure collecting utmost point is one deck metallized film, run-of-the-mill thickness is 1-2mg/cm ²And and semiconductor detector between have air layer, make the energy loss of the α particle that passes them bigger, cause its alpha energy spectrum to distort, can't adopt energy discrimination method to measure radon daughter selectively, because the energy spectral resolution to radon daughter RaA, RaC ' and ThC ' is very poor, can only measure their alpha activity together.Because the mean half-life of these radon daughter products is about 30 minutes, therefore, radon and its all radon daughter products reach balance to be needed more than 3 hours, be that the α particle counting will can reach maximal value after 3 hours, make the response time of existing radon monitor long, the measured value of instrument need can be caught up with radon concentration after 3 hours variation, this timely measurement for radon is unfavorable, especially be unsuitable for the fast area monitoring of radon gas concentration change, so present radon monitor still difficulty satisfies requirement timely, fast monitored.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of radon monitor, a kind of quick radon monitor that can optionally measure radon daughter RaA.

Quick radon monitor of the present utility model, comprise by the insulation set collar that is located at top and central opening, reach the bottom all around and be followed successively by the collecting chamber that wire gauze, fibrous filter diffusion layer and porous inlet plate constitute from inside to outside, be positioned at the collecting chamber top open part the high pressure collecting utmost point, be positioned at the semiconductor alpha detection device on high pressure collecting utmost point top, electronics measurement device and by the Input/Output Device of its control, electronics measurement device comprise the prime amplifier that links to each other successively, screen former and data are obtained control module; Wherein: described prime amplifier is located on the alpha detection device and is electrically connected with it; Described electronics measurement device obtains control module by examination former and data and constitutes, and this examination former is made up of main amplifier, single-channel analyzer and former, and data are obtained control module control Input/Output Device; The described high pressure collecting utmost point be located on the entrance window of alpha detection device and with the alpha detection device be one; The mass thickness of the high pressure collecting utmost point is 0.1-0.2mg/cm ²Below the alpha detection device beyond the high pressure collecting utmost point, the side of alpha detection device and prime amplifier and be surrounded by metal shielding above the prime amplifier, the side of metal shielding is fixed with the insulation set collar.

Quick radon monitor of the present utility model, described metal shielding are the copper shield shell.

Quick radon monitor of the present utility model, the profile of described collecting chamber are the eggplant bodily form, and be conical or cylindrical.

Quick radon monitor of the present utility model, described electronics measurement device is arranged on the next door or the top of collecting chamber.

The advantage of quick radon monitor of the present utility model is: because of adopting the high pressure collecting utmost point and alpha detection device are made one, and high pressure collecting is extremely extremely thin, mass thickness is 0.1-0.2mg/cm ²Be 1/10th of existing radon monitor high pressure collecting utmost point mass thickness, also removed the cavity that exists between original high pressure collecting utmost point and the semiconductor detector, radon daughter directly is collected on the alpha detection device, thereby reduced the alpha energy spectrum distortion, α energy resolution and detection efficiency have been improved, can clearly tell radon daughter RaA, each spectrum peak of RaC ' and ThC ', therefore, can be by on the change single-channel analyzer, following discrimination, optionally only allow the α particle pulse that is in the RaA daughter of hanging down power spectrum by it, this pulse signal obtains control module by data again and handles after former is shaped, be converted into the concentration value of radon.The first generation daughter that radon daughter RaA produces when being the radon decay, and its half life period is short, it only is 3.05 minutes, its radioactivity will reach balance with radon in 15 minutes, in other words, the α particle counting of being obtained the RaA that control module obtains by data can reach maximal value in 15 minutes, therefore, the response time of monitor can foreshorten to 15 minutes, and this will help the quick measurement and the warning of radon concentration greatly.

In the quick radon monitor of the present utility model, the optimum shape of described collecting chamber is the eggplant bodily form, because the Electric Field Distribution in this shape collecting chamber is even, but is difficult for processing; With the immediate shape of the eggplant bodily form be conical, and conical processing easily; Described alpha detection device is a kind of of semiconductor detector, is used for the detection to the α particle, and it comprises that ion injects surface passivation silicon detector, Au Si surface barrier detector etc.; The effect of screening the main amplifier of former is further to amplify pulse signal, and the effect of single-channel analyzer is only to allow the pulse signal between the upper and lower threshold values of setting pass through, and the effect of former is that the signal of importing is carried out shaping; The effect of metal shielding mainly is fixedly prime amplifier, alpha detection device, can also shield the extraneous interference electromagnetic signal in addition; Described electronics measurement device is arranged on the next door or the top of collecting chamber, so that its parts and the Input/Output Device controlled are safeguarded; Used main amplifier, single-channel analyzer and the former of this monitor is existing ripe circuit, sees " nuclear electron know-why " book that was published and distributed in 1989 by the Atomic Energy Press for details; Data are obtained the central processing unit of control module can select single-chip microcomputer for use, and as Z-80B or better CPU, data are obtained control module and Input/Output Device, as display, keyboard, printer and alarm etc. electrically connect as known technology, state so do not tire out.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of quick radon monitor of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the electronics measurement device formation of this monitor and is connected block diagram with other accessory.

Embodiment

The quick radon monitor of present embodiment, comprise by the insulation set collar 5 that is located at top and central opening, reach the bottom all around and be followed successively by the collecting chamber 1 that wire gauze 2, fibrous filter diffusion layer 3 and porous inlet plate 4 constitute from inside to outside, be positioned at collecting chamber 1 top open part the high pressure collecting utmost point 6, be positioned at the semiconductor alpha detection device 7 on the high pressure collecting utmost point 6 tops, electronics measurement device 10 and by the Input/Output Device of its control, electronics measurement device 10 comprise the prime amplifier 9 that links to each other successively, screen former and data are obtained control module 14; Wherein: described prime amplifier 9 is located on the alpha detection device 7 and is electrically connected with it; Described electronics measurement device 10 obtains control module 14 by examination former and data and constitutes, and this examination former is made up of main amplifier 11, single-channel analyzer 12 and former 13, and data are obtained control module 14 control Input/Output Devices; The described high pressure collecting utmost point 6 is located on the entrance window of alpha detection device 7 and with alpha detection device 7 and is one; The mass thickness of the high pressure collecting utmost point 6 is 0.1-0.2mg/cm ²Below the alpha detection device 7 beyond the high pressure collecting utmost point 6, the side of alpha detection device 7 and prime amplifier 9 and be surrounded by metal shielding 8 above the prime amplifier 9, the side of metal shielding 8 is fixing with insulation set collar 5.

The quick radon monitor of present embodiment, the profile of described collecting chamber 1 are conical.

The quick radon monitor of present embodiment, described electronics measurement device 10 is arranged on the next door of collecting chamber 1.

In the quick radon monitor of present embodiment, alpha detection device 7 selects for use ion to inject the surface passivation silicon detector, and it is present more advanced a kind of semiconductor detector, is easy to be made of one with the high pressure collecting utmost point, and has stable performance, reliable advantage; Electronics measurement device 10 that is electrically connected with prime amplifier 9 and data thereof are obtained the Input/Output Device of control module 14 controls, be placed in the next door of collecting chamber 1, so that daily servicing, in the present embodiment, obtain by the data of electronics measurement device 10 in the Input/Output Device of control module 14 controls, comprise keyboard 15, display 16, alarm 17 and printer 18.

Claims

1, a kind of quick radon monitor, comprise by the insulation set collar (5) that is located at top and central opening, reach the bottom all around and be followed successively by wire gauze (2) from inside to outside, the collecting chamber (1) that fibrous filter diffusion layer (3) and porous inlet plate (4) constitute, be positioned at the high pressure collecting utmost point (6) of collecting chamber (1) top open part, be positioned at the semiconductor alpha detection device (7) on the high pressure collecting utmost point (6) top, electronics measurement device (10) and by the input of its control, output device, electronics measurement device (10) comprise the prime amplifier (9) that links to each other successively, screen former and data and obtain control module (14); It is characterized in that: described prime amplifier (9) is located on the alpha detection device (7) and is electrically connected with it; Described electronics measurement device (10) obtains control module (14) formation by screening former and data, this examination former is made up of main amplifier (11), single-channel analyzer (12) and former (13), and data are obtained control module (14) control Input/Output Device; The described high pressure collecting utmost point (6) is located on the entrance window of alpha detection device (7) and with alpha detection device (7) and is one; The mass thickness of the high pressure collecting utmost point (6) is 0.1-0.2mg/cm ²Below the high pressure collecting utmost point (6) alpha detection device (7) in addition, the side of alpha detection device (7) and prime amplifier (9) and be surrounded by metal shielding (8) above the prime amplifier (9), the side of metal shielding (8) is fixing with insulation set collar (5).

2, quick radon monitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described metal shielding (8) is the copper shield shell.

3, quick radon monitor according to claim 1 and 2, the profile that it is characterized in that described collecting chamber (1) is the eggplant bodily form, and is conical or cylindrical.

4, quick radon monitor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described electronics measurement device (10) is arranged on the next door or the top of collecting chamber (1).

5, quick radon monitor according to claim 3 is characterized in that described electronics measurement device (10) is arranged on the next door or the top of collecting chamber (1).