CN107957589B - Lithium glass detector and direct-reading neutron dosimeter applying same - Google Patents
Lithium glass detector and direct-reading neutron dosimeter applying same Download PDFInfo
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- CN107957589B CN107957589B CN201711204607.1A CN201711204607A CN107957589B CN 107957589 B CN107957589 B CN 107957589B CN 201711204607 A CN201711204607 A CN 201711204607A CN 107957589 B CN107957589 B CN 107957589B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T3/00—Measuring neutron radiation
- G01T3/06—Measuring neutron radiation with scintillation detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T3/00—Measuring neutron radiation
Abstract
The invention relates to a lithium glass detector, comprising6The device comprises a Li glass scintillator, a light guide, optical glass cement, a reflecting layer, a photoelectric converter, an aluminum light-avoiding cover, an optical coupling agent, a charge sensitive amplifier and a counting processing circuit; the light guide is in a cube shape, 6 surfaces of the light guide are polished, and 5 surfaces of the light guide are respectively adhered with 5 pieces of optical glass cement6The other surface of the Li glass scintillator is a light output surface and is connected with a sensitive area of the photoelectric converter by adopting an optical coupling agent;6the outer surface of the Li glass scintillator is coated with a reflecting layer; the reflective layer is wrapped by an aluminum mask. Scintillator adoption6The Li glass has a scintillation sheet structure, the thickness of the sheet is 0.5-2mm, and the pulse amplitude of gamma is greatly reduced by adopting the sheet structure. The lithium glass detector is suitable for the application of a direct-reading neutron dosimeter and has the characteristics of high neutron detection efficiency, small volume, light weight, low power consumption, strong anti-interference capability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation measurement, in particular to a lithium glass detector and a direct-reading neutron dosimeter using the same.
Background
The direct-reading neutron personal dosimeter is mainly used for monitoring the personal dose of radioactive workers as neutron rays, and reminding the workers whether the neutron dose exceeds the standard or not in the working environment and whether protective measures should be taken or not. The neutron dosimeter has the characteristics of over-threshold alarm, visual reading, miniaturization and convenience in carrying.
The direct-reading neutron personal dosimeter has the characteristics of small volume, low power consumption, light weight, quick response and the like, and the selection of the sub detectors is greatly limited. At present, the detectors for direct-reading neutron personal dosimeters at home and abroad comprise silicon semiconductor detectors and6LiI (Eu) scintillator. The silicon semiconductor detector is a PN junction type detector, and neutron detection is realized by adding a neutron radiation conversion material. But the detection efficiency is low, the measurement deviation is large, and the gamma ray sensitivity is high.6LiI (Eu) scintillators with superior detection efficiency to silicon semiconductors, neutrons and6li nuclei react, and product nuclei cause ionization to realize neutron detection. But do not6The lii (eu) scintillator is deliquescent, must be enclosed in a sealed container, and is also sensitive to gamma rays. Should at present beBoth the two detectors are sensitive to gamma rays, and in practical application, a compensation detector is additionally added to eliminate gamma interference.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the defects of sensitivity to gamma, low detection efficiency and deliquescence of a detector applied to a direct-reading neutron dosimeter at the present stage, the detector which is high in gamma inhibition performance, high in detection efficiency and simple in process and is suitable for the neutron dosimeter is provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a lithium glass detector comprises6The device comprises a Li glass scintillator, a light guide, optical glass cement, a reflecting layer, a photoelectric converter, an aluminum light-avoiding cover, an optical coupling agent, a charge sensitive amplifier and a counting processing circuit;
the light guide is in a cube shape, 6 surfaces of the light guide are polished, and 5 surfaces of the light guide are respectively adhered with 5 pieces of optical glass cement6The other surface of the light guide is a light output surface and is connected with a sensitive area of the photoelectric converter by adopting an optical coupling agent;6the outer surface of the Li glass scintillator is coated with a reflecting layer; the reflecting layer is wrapped with an aluminum light-shielding cover;
the photoelectric converter is connected with the charge sensitive amplifier through a transmission line, the charge sensitive amplifier is connected with the counting processing circuit through the transmission line, and the counting processing circuit outputs signals.
The light guide is an organic glass light guide and is used for improving the light collection rate and collecting the scintillation light to the light window surface of the photoelectric converter.
Said6Rich in Li glass scintillator6The Li nucleus is activated by cerium and has a square sheet structure, and the size of the Li nucleus is matched with that of the surface of the light guide; the contact surface of the light guide is polished, and the other surface of the light guide is polished;6the Li nuclei react with incident neutron producing nuclei to form scintillation light, which is used to detect slow neutrons.
The reflecting layer is used for preventing light from escaping and improving light collection efficiency, and the reflecting layer is MgO.
The aluminum light shielding cover is used for preventing external interference and light.
The photoelectric converter is used for converting optical signals into electric signals and is a silicon photodiode.
The charge sensitive amplifier is used for amplifying signals output by the photoelectric converter and improving the anti-interference capability of the signals.
The counting processing circuit is used for processing signals output by the charge sensitive amplifier, and comprises filtering, screening and shaping functions, wherein the filtering and screening functions are used for filtering and screening small-amplitude interference signals and noises output by the charge sensitive amplifier, reserving pulses with larger amplitude, and shaping the screened signals into standard pulses.
A direct-reading neutron dosimeter adopts the lithium glass detector of the invention and is arranged in an energy response adjusting device; the lithium glass detector sends the counting signal to a processor; the processor is respectively connected with the display screen, the power supply, the LED indicator light, the buzzer, the memory, the infrared transmission device and the functional keyboard.
The invention has the following remarkable effects:
1) scintillator adoption6The Li glass scintillation sheet structure has the thin sheet thickness of 0.5-2mm, and the thin sheet structure is adopted, so that the pulse amplitude of gamma is reduced, and after the discriminator is used, the gamma counting can be greatly reduced, and the gamma resistance of the detector is improved.
2)6The Li glass scintillator has high neutron detection efficiency, the detector is designed to be a cube, a cube light guide is adopted as a light transmission medium, and 5 surfaces are adhered6The Li glass scintillation piece structure increases the sensitive area of the detector, greatly improves the neutron detection efficiency and ensures the isotropy of the detector.
3) The invention is designed to include6The lithium glass detector comprises a Li glass scintillator, a light guide, optical glass cement, a reflecting layer, a photoelectric conversion device, an aluminum light-shielding layer, a charge sensitive amplifier and a counting processing circuit, is suitable for the application of a direct-reading neutron dosimeter, and has the characteristics of high neutron detection efficiency, small volume, light weight, low power consumption, strong anti-interference capability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lithium glass detector according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a direct-reading neutron dosimeter according to the invention;
in the figure: 1.6li glass scintillator, 2 light guide, 3 optical glass cement, 4 reflecting layer, 5 photoelectric converter, 6 aluminum light-shielding cover, 7 optical coupling agent, 8 charge sensitive amplifier, 9 counting processing circuit, 10 processor, 11 display screen, 12 power supply, 13 LED indicator light, 14 buzzer, 15 memory, 16 infrared transmission, 17 functional keyboard, 18 energy response adjusting device.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
FIG. 1 shows a lithium glass detector according to the invention, comprising6The device comprises a Li glass scintillator 1, a light guide 2, optical glass cement 3, a reflecting layer 4, a photoelectric converter 5, an aluminum light avoiding cover 6, an optical coupling agent 7, a charge sensitive amplifier 8 and a counting processing circuit 9;
the light guide 2 is in a cube shape, 6 surfaces are polished, and 5 surfaces are respectively adhered with 5 pieces of optical glass cement 36The other surface of the light guide 2 of the Li glass scintillator 1 is a light output surface and is connected with a sensitive area of the photoelectric converter 5 by adopting an optical coupling agent 7;6the outer surface of the Li glass scintillator 1 is coated with a reflecting layer 4; the reflecting layer 4 is covered with an aluminum light shielding cover 6;
the photoelectric converter 5 is connected with a charge sensitive amplifier 8 through a transmission line, the charge sensitive amplifier 8 is connected with a counting processing circuit 9 through a transmission line, and the counting processing circuit 9 outputs signals.
The light guide 2 is an organic glass light guide, the light guide is in a cube shape, and the side length is 3mm-20 mm; for improving the light collection rate, the scintillation light is collected to the light window surface of the photoelectric converter 5.
Said6Li glass scintillator 1 rich in6The Li nucleus is activated by cerium and has a square sheet structure, the size of the Li nucleus is suitable for the size of the surface of the light guide 2, the side length is 3mm-20mm, and the thickness is 0.5mm-2 mm; the contact surface of the light guide 2 is polished, and the other surface of the light guide 2 is polished;6the Li nuclei react with incident neutron producing nuclei to form scintillation light, which is used to detect slow neutrons.
The reflecting layer 4 is used for preventing light from escaping and improving light collection efficiency, and the reflecting layer 4 is MgO.
The aluminum light shielding cover 6 is used for preventing external interference and light.
The photoelectric converter 5 converts the optical signal into an electric signal; the photoelectric converter 5 is preferably a silicon photodiode; the silicon photodiode sensitive area is in accordance with the light output surface size of the light guide.
The charge sensitive amplifier 8 is used for amplifying the signal output by the photoelectric converter 5 and improving the anti-interference capability of the signal. The output signal of the silicon photodiode is very weak, and the silicon photodiode works under reverse voltage and is easily interfered by noise; the output signal is sent to a charge sensitive amplifier 8; the amplifier has low noise, high gain and strong anti-interference capability.
The counting processing circuit 9 is used for processing the signals output by the charge sensitive amplifier 8; the method comprises the functions of filtering, screening and shaping; filtering and discriminating small-amplitude interference signals and noise output by the charge sensitive amplifier, and keeping pulses with larger amplitude; and shaping the screened signal into standard pulses with the same pulse width.
The working process of the lithium glass detector is as follows:
neutron and scintillator6The Li nuclei react and the resulting product nuclei cause the scintillator to emit light. The photons are focused by the light guide onto the sensitive region of an opto-electrical converter, such as a photodiode, converting the optical signal into an electrical current signal. The electric signal is amplified by a charge sensitive amplifier, and is filtered, screened and shaped by a counting processing circuit to form a standard pulse signal.
By the above scheme, the compound of6The lithium glass detector comprises a Li glass scintillator, a light guide, a photoelectric conversion device, a current sensitive amplifier and a counting processing circuit.
The detector of the system adopts a thin slice6The Li glass scintillator adopts a sheet structure, so that the interference of gamma is reduced. The detector is in a cube type, and a cube light guide is adopted asOptical transmission medium, 5-sided adhesive6The Li glass scintillation piece structure increases the sensitive area of the detector, greatly improves the neutron detection efficiency, and has the same property of the detector.
The lithium glass detector is a counting unit, and can be applied to direct-reading neutron dosimeters or other fields requiring high neutron sensitivity, good gamma resistance, small volume, light weight and strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability.
As shown in fig. 2, a direct-reading neutron dosimeter, which adopts the lithium glass detector of the present invention, is disposed in an energy response adjustment device 18; the lithium glass detector sends the counting signal to the processor 10; the processor 10 is respectively connected with a display screen 11, a power supply 12, an LED indicator lamp 13, a buzzer 14, a memory 15, an infrared transmission 16 and a functional keyboard 17.
Through corresponding calibration experiment and algorithm, real-time neutron dose (rate) value is calculated, and when the neutron dose (rate) value is higher than a threshold value, an instrument can give out sound and light alarm to remind workers to take corresponding measures.
Claims (9)
1. A lithium glass detector characterized by: comprises that6The device comprises a Li glass scintillator (1), a light guide (2), optical glass cement (3), a reflecting layer (4), a photoelectric converter (5), an aluminum photomask (6), an optical coupling agent (7), a charge sensitive amplifier (8) and a counting processing circuit (9);
the light guide (2) is in a cube shape, 6 surfaces are subjected to polishing treatment, and 5 surfaces are respectively adhered with 5 pieces of optical glass cement (3)6The other surface of the light guide (2) is a light output surface and is connected with a sensitive area of the photoelectric converter (5) by adopting an optical coupling agent (7);6the outer surface of the Li glass scintillator (1) is coated with a reflecting layer (4); the reflecting layer (4) is wrapped with an aluminum light-shielding cover (6);
the photoelectric converter (5) is connected with the charge sensitive amplifier (8) through a transmission line, the charge sensitive amplifier (8) is connected with the counting processing circuit (9) through the transmission line, and the counting processing circuit (9) outputs signals.
2. A lithium glass detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the light guide (2) is an organic glass light guide and is used for improving the light collection rate and collecting the scintillation light to the light window surface of the photoelectric converter (5).
3. A lithium glass detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said6Li glass scintillator (1) is rich in6The Li nucleus is activated by cerium and has a square sheet structure, and the size of the Li nucleus is matched with that of the surface of the light guide (2); the contact surface of the light guide (2) is polished, and the other surface of the light guide is polished;6the Li nuclei react with incident neutron producing nuclei to form scintillation light, which is used to detect slow neutrons.
4. A lithium glass detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the reflecting layer (4) is used for preventing light from escaping and improving light collection efficiency, and the reflecting layer (4) is MgO.
5. A lithium glass detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum light shielding cover (6) is used for preventing external interference and light.
6. A lithium glass detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the photoelectric converter (5) is used for converting optical signals into electric signals and is a silicon photodiode.
7. A lithium glass detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the charge sensitive amplifier (8) is used for amplifying the signals output by the photoelectric converter (5) and improving the anti-interference capability of the signals.
8. A lithium glass detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the counting processing circuit (9) is used for processing signals output by the charge sensitive amplifier (8), has filtering, discriminating and shaping functions, filters and discriminates small-amplitude interference signals and noise output by the charge sensitive amplifier, retains pulses with larger amplitude, and shapes the discriminated signals into standard pulses.
9. A direct-reading neutron dosimeter, characterized in that: use of a lithium glass detector according to claim 1, placed in an energy-responsive adjustment device (18); the lithium glass detector sends the counting signal to a processor (10); the processor (10) is respectively connected with the display screen (11), the power supply (12), the LED indicator lamp (13), the buzzer (14), the memory (15), the infrared transmission (16) and the functional keyboard (17).
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| CN107957589B true CN107957589B (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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| US11307311B2 (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2022-04-19 | Thermo Fisher Scientific Messtechnik Gmbh | Gamma ray and neutron dosimeter |
| CN111596344A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-28 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Structure for improving neutron measurement efficiency of semiconductor detector and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113640856A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-12 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Thermal neutron flux three-dimensional distribution measuring system used inside BNCT simulation water model |
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