CN105319574A - An alpha and beta pulse discriminating method - Google Patents
An alpha and beta pulse discriminating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105319574A CN105319574A CN201510783028.1A CN201510783028A CN105319574A CN 105319574 A CN105319574 A CN 105319574A CN 201510783028 A CN201510783028 A CN 201510783028A CN 105319574 A CN105319574 A CN 105319574A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a discriminating method for alpha and beta particle pulses measured by an alpha and beta surface contamination instrument. The method comprises the steps of amplifying pulse signals generated by a photoelectric detector through a signal amplifier to form pulse signals for discrimination and record; converting the analog pulse signals into digital signals and sending digital signal pulses into a single-chip microcomputer directly; recording the time information of input of the digital signal pulses through the single-chip microcomputer and calculating the pulse width; comparing the calculated input pulse width and the width range of the alpha and beta particle pulses set in the single-chip microcomputer in advance to realize the discriminating of the alpha and beta pulses. With simple circuit design, the alpha and beta pulse discriminating method realizes the alpha and beta pulse discriminating and thus increases the alpha and beta particle discriminating efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the designing technique of α, β surface contamination analyzer, be specifically related to α, β particle pulse discriminating method that a kind of α, β surface contamination analyzer is measured.
Background technology
Portable alpha, β surface contamination analyzer, use twin scintillator and photoelectric detector to realize the measurement of α, β surface contamination, wherein twin scintillator is coated on plastic scintillant by ZnS (Ag) scintillator and forms.During measurement, α particle substantially only produces ionisation effect and luminescence in ZnS (Ag) scintillator, and β particle is then main produces ionisation effect and luminescence in plastic scintillant.Photoelectric detector collects passage of scintillation light, and is translated into electric signal, realizes the measurement to α, β particle.Owing to using same photoelectric detector, the pulse signal shape that α, β particle produces is similar, therefore, how to distinguish and to determine that the ray type of generation pulse signal is the gordian technique of surface contamination analyzer.
For solving the problem that α, β pulse is screened, domestic and international Portable alpha, β surface contamination analyzer mainly employ four kinds of technical methods.One, adopts dual probe, ZnS (Ag) scintillator and plastic scintillant is encapsulated in two different probes, measures α, β particle respectively; Its two, pulse amplitude discriminator method, the feature large according to ZnS (Ag) scintillator luminous intensity, judges the kind of particle by the height of output pulse amplitude; Its three, by adjusting the operating voltage of photomultiplier, coordinate the method for amplitude discriminator to realize the examination of α, β particle; Its four, the difference of the analog pulse negative edge width formed after capacitor charging by α, β particle signal, realizes α, β particle discrimination.Wherein the most widely used is the second and the 4th kind of technical scheme.
The first technical method needs use two probe, wants manual switchover to pop one's head in when actual measurement for different particles, comparatively loaded down with trivial details during use, adds Measuring Time, and its production cost and system complexity higher; In the second technical method, due to the difference of particle energy, incident angle, the energy causing it to deposit in scintillator has a greater change scope, and therefore the scope of α, β particle output pulse amplitude has certain overlap, is difficult to realize distinguishing completely by arranging amplitude interval; The third technical method is on the basis of second method, gain is changed by the operating voltage adjusting photoelectric device, thus increase the amplitude difference of α, β pulse, reduce the overlap of its amplitude range, but the method needs manually to change metering system equally, α, β particle information can not be obtained simultaneously; 4th kind of technical method is mainly foreign vendor at present and uses, its principle is by specific RC circuit and two-way multipole operational amplifier, realize the examination of the negative edge time to α, β particle simulation pulse that prime amplifier exports, its circuit structure is complicated, realizes difficulty high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for problems of the prior art, provide a kind of and realize α, β pulse Zhen method for distinguishing by simple circuit design, and improve the examination efficiency of α, β particle.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of α, β pulse discriminating method, comprises the steps:
(1) pulse signal that the photoelectric detector of α, β surface contamination analyzer produces is amplified through signal amplifier, form the pulse signal for screening and recording;
(2) analog pulse signal is converted to digital signal, this digital signal remains the temporal information of analog pulse;
(3) digital signal pulses is directly accessed single-chip microcomputer, calculate pulse width by the temporal information of single-chip microcomputer record supplied with digital signal pulse;
(4) the width interval of the width of the input pulse calculated with α, β particle pulse be set in advance in single-chip microcomputer is compared, realize the examination of α, β pulse.
Further, α, β pulse discriminating method as above, in step (1), according to enlargement factor and the curring time of amplifier, the decision threshold of setting signal amplitude, thus deduction Noise Background is on the impact of circuit.
Further, α, β pulse discriminating method as above, in step (1), is adopted photomultiplier as described photoelectric detector, is amplified by operational amplifier to the signal that photomultiplier exports.
Further, α, β pulse discriminating method as above, in step (2), uses high-speed comparator, under the reference level condition of setting, analog pulse signal is converted to digital signal.
Further, α, β pulse discriminating method as above, in step (3), single-chip microcomputer is by timer input port, sample with the TTL pulse of the sample frequency of Fixed Time Interval to input, by sampling a rising edge and a negative edge determines whether an effective impulse, and calculate pulse width by the number of samples between rising edge and negative edge.
Further, α, β pulse discriminating method as above, the width interval being set in advance in α, β particle pulse in single-chip microcomputer described in step (4) uses the width interval of the radioactive source of single particle to corresponding pulses to demarcate to obtain.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: the pulse screening techniques that the present invention adopts can realize the interparticle intertrack crosstalk rate of α, β lower than 5%, compared with the intertrack crosstalk rate 20% under amplitude discriminator method, effectively improves the examination efficiency of pulse.Compared with negative edge time discriminating method, decrease wave-shaping circuit and corresponding multistage amplifier circuit and burst length discriminator circuit in the circuit structure of this method, reduce the complexity of cost and circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is α, β pulse width discriminator circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention screens thought based on pulse width, adopts novel single-chip microcomputer, by circuit design that is simple, low cost, realizes the examination of α, β particle pulse, can reduce the complexity of system and improve the examination efficiency of α, β particle pulse.
α, β pulse discriminating method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1. signal prepares
The pulse signal of the photoelectric detector generation of α, β surface contamination analyzer, after amplifier amplifies, forms the pulse signal for screening and recording.According to enlargement factor and the curring time of amplifier, the decision threshold of setting signal amplitude, thus deduction Noise Background is on the impact of circuit.
2. simulating signal is converted to digital signal
Use high-speed comparator, under the reference level condition of setting, analog pulse signal is converted to digital signal, and this digital signal remains the temporal information of analog pulse.
3. pulse width record
The digital signal pulses that high-speed comparator exports directly is accessed single-chip microcomputer, calculates pulse width by the temporal information of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program record supplied with digital signal pulse.In this step, single-chip microcomputer is by specific timer input port, sample with the TTL pulse of the sample frequency of Fixed Time Interval to input, by sampling a rising edge and a negative edge determines whether an effective impulse, calculate pulse width by the number of samples between rising edge and negative edge.
4. pulse width screens interval setting
Use the width interval of radioactive source to corresponding pulses of single particle to demarcate in advance, provide the width interval that α, β particle exports pulse respectively.By Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program, the width of input pulse and set interval are compared, realizes the examination to α, β pulse.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts photomultiplier as photoelectric detector.By operational amplifier OP284, the signal that photomultiplier exports is amplified, and by MAX991 quick comparer, simulating signal is converted to digital signal.STM32F207 single-chip microcomputer is utilized to carry out record to the pulse width of each digital signal, and interval according to the pulse width preset, judge that this signal is alpha signal, signal beta or noise signal.
As shown in Figure 1, α, β pulse discriminator circuit and measuring and analysis system is built.α, radiator beta-ray is utilized to test α, β pulse discriminator circuit.
Utilize compound scintillator detector and source, α face
241source, Am, β face
90sr tests circuit, can distinguish α, β pulse signal preferably, and wherein α particle enters β road count ratio and is less than 5%, β particle and enters α road count ratio and be less than 1%.
Above-mentioned test result shows, utilizes α, β pulse discriminating method of the present invention can effectively screen α, β ray, improves the measurement performance of α, β surface contamination analyzer preferably.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technology thereof to these amendments of the present invention and modification, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (6)
1. α, β pulse discriminating method, comprises the steps:
(1) pulse signal that the photoelectric detector of α, β surface contamination analyzer produces is amplified through signal amplifier, form the pulse signal for screening and recording;
(2) analog pulse signal is converted to digital signal, this digital signal remains the temporal information of analog pulse;
(3) digital signal pulses is directly accessed single-chip microcomputer, calculate pulse width by the temporal information of single-chip microcomputer record supplied with digital signal pulse;
(4) the width interval of the width of the input pulse calculated with α, β particle pulse be set in advance in single-chip microcomputer is compared, realize the examination of α, β pulse.
2. α, β pulse discriminating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), according to enlargement factor and the curring time of amplifier, and the decision threshold of setting signal amplitude, thus deduction Noise Background is on the impact of circuit.
3. α, β pulse discriminating method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: in step (1), adopts photomultiplier as described photoelectric detector, is amplified by operational amplifier to the signal that photomultiplier exports.
4. α, β pulse discriminating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2), uses high-speed comparator, under the reference level condition of setting, analog pulse signal is converted to digital signal.
5. α, β pulse discriminating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (3), single-chip microcomputer is by timer input port, sample with the TTL pulse of the sample frequency of Fixed Time Interval to input, by sampling a rising edge and a negative edge determines whether an effective impulse, and calculate pulse width by the number of samples between rising edge and negative edge.
6. α, β pulse discriminating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the width interval being set in advance in α, β particle pulse in single-chip microcomputer described in step (4) uses the width interval of the radioactive source of single particle to corresponding pulses to demarcate to obtain.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106842274A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-13 | 成都理工大学 | α/β surface contamination detector array and detection system |
| CN108535761A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-14 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of rotary α, β surface contamination analyzer calibration and calibrating installation |
| CN109557573A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-02 | 中广核久源（成都）科技有限公司 | A kind of digitlization α/β ray discriminating method |
| CN110082808A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-08-02 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | One kind is based on core pulse signal quick detection and recognition methods under complex background |
| CN110837098A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2020-02-25 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Method, FPGA, device and storage medium for discriminating pulse signal |
| CN111860663A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 南华大学 | Neutron-gamma pulse discrimination method based on pattern recognition |
| CN112014872A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-01 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Method for determining incident particle type or action position based on pulse waveform discrimination |
| CN112114345A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-12-22 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Device and method for directly measuring radioactivity in soil |
| CN112180421A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-01-05 | 宁波甬东核辐射监测有限公司 | Alpha and beta pulse discrimination method and device |
| CN112526581A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆邮电大学 | Time discriminator suitable for radiation detection front-end reading circuit |
| CN112817034A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-05-18 | 明峰医疗系统股份有限公司 | Energy weight-based digital PET position calculation method, system and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN113917519A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Online calibration method for source inspection system |
| CN117491745A (en) * | 2024-01-02 | 2024-02-02 | 中国科学技术大学 | Pulse signal time and charge measurement method and device |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106842274A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-13 | 成都理工大学 | α/β surface contamination detector array and detection system |
| CN106842274B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2024-01-19 | 成都理工大学 | Alpha/beta surface pollution array detector and detection system |
| CN108535761A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-14 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of rotary α, β surface contamination analyzer calibration and calibrating installation |
| CN110837098A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2020-02-25 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Method, FPGA, device and storage medium for discriminating pulse signal |
| CN109557573A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-02 | 中广核久源（成都）科技有限公司 | A kind of digitlization α/β ray discriminating method |
| CN110082808A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-08-02 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | One kind is based on core pulse signal quick detection and recognition methods under complex background |
| CN109557573B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2022-07-15 | 中广核久源（成都）科技有限公司 | Digital alpha/beta ray discrimination method |
| CN112180421A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-01-05 | 宁波甬东核辐射监测有限公司 | Alpha and beta pulse discrimination method and device |
| CN111860663A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 南华大学 | Neutron-gamma pulse discrimination method based on pattern recognition |
| CN112114345A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-12-22 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Device and method for directly measuring radioactivity in soil |
| CN112014872B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-08-24 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Method for determining incident particle type or action position based on pulse waveform discrimination |
| CN112014872A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-01 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Method for determining incident particle type or action position based on pulse waveform discrimination |
| CN112526581A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆邮电大学 | Time discriminator suitable for radiation detection front-end reading circuit |
| CN112817034A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-05-18 | 明峰医疗系统股份有限公司 | Energy weight-based digital PET position calculation method, system and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN113917519A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Online calibration method for source inspection system |
| CN113917519B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2024-02-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Online calibration method for source inspection system |
| CN117491745A (en) * | 2024-01-02 | 2024-02-02 | 中国科学技术大学 | Pulse signal time and charge measurement method and device |
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